Artificial Intelligence Machine learning and Deep Learning: Trends and Tools. Dr. Shaona

Transcription

1 Artificial Intelligence Machine learning and Deep Learning: Trends and Tools Dr. Shaona

2 What is Machine Learning? Computer algorithms that learn patterns in data automatically from large quantities of data Use the learnt model for prediction on new data

3 Machine Learning: Classification Source: Microsoft Azure Machine Learning

4 Machine Learning: Regression Source: Microsoft Azure Machine Learning

5 Machine Learning: Housing data David Hallac et al. 2015

6 Data drives machine learning? Data collection infrastructure sensors, mobile phone, internet connectivity Data management Private cloud servers, government clusters Data pre-processing Data Annotation Crowdsourcing, hiring annotators, openly available data

7 Rise of AI ( present) Due to advent of deep (new) neural networks(old) ~ huge models Availability of huge amounts of training data ~ millions/ billions of samples Powerful computational infrastructure~ 1920 CUDA cores on GPU

8 Notable Results Surpassed Human Level Performance in Image Classification or Face Recognition (Kaiming He et al. 2015, Yaniv Taigman et al, 2014) Matched Human Level Performance in Machine Translation,Speech Recognition (Google Translate and Baidu Research) Beat the world s top human player in the ancient game of Go (Google DeepMind)

9 Adam W. Harley. The AI learns to focus on features

10 Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) Network identifies features in image data that human eyes cannot Source: Andrej Karpathy Stanford

11 Semantic Segmentation by Shuai Zheng et. al. University of Oxford, ICCV 2015

12 Instance Segmentation by Romera Paredes et. al, University of Oxford, 2016

13 Detect the property condition, square footage, roof condition, solar panels and other details. Cape Analytics (USA) Industry Start-up Sustainability Projects

14 Industry Start-up Sustainability Projects Propera (Israel): precision agriculture company that uses computer vision, deep learning, and agtech to figure out exactly how much water to deliver to plants in particular locations so as to improve crop yields while conserving resources. The Climate Corporation (USA) : field health view and surveillance using deep learning Peat (Germany) : precision agriculture, surveillance, disease diagnostics using deep learning

15 Will machine learning potentially change the approaches to development? Given enough annotated/labelled data is available Speed of analysis terabytes of data in hours Accuracy of prediction human level accuracy or even better in particular perceptual data: images, text, video, speech Automatically discover features no more manual and slow feature engineering, biases

16 Infrastructure: Hardware

17 Infrastructure: Hardware

18 Infrastructure: Distributed Hardware Amazon AWS Server with GPU support Google Cloud with TPU support Google Cloud with GPU support Microsoft Azure with ML support

19 Infrastructure: Software Deep Learning Libraries

20 Infrastructure: Open Data ImageNet natural images Pascal VOC natural images OpenStreetMap geospatial Biometric Recognition dataset Uber Ride dataset DataUSA EU Gender statistics database Netherlands National Georegister Many more

21 Infrastructure: Policy ASILOMAR AI Principles by Future of Life Institute: principles to empower people with AI Partnership in AI Amazon, Apple, Google, FB, IBM, Microsoft for best practices and open platform in AI Future of Humanity Institute (Oxford) Strategic Implications of Openness in AI Development by Nick Bostrom Report Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence (Cambridge) make the most of machine intelligence

22 Infrastructure: Policy Future of Humanity Institute (Oxford) Report on When Will AI Exceed Human Performance? Evidence from AI Experts Strategic Implications of Openness in AI Development by Nick Bostrom Technical Report 2016 Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence (Cambridge) brings together the best of human intelligence so that we can make the most of machine intelligence

23 Thanks for listening.