PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-NINTH COLLOQUIUM ON THE LAW OF OUTER SPACE

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1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTY-NINTH COLLOQUIUM ON THE LAW OF OUTER SPACE INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SPACE LAW OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONAUTICAL FEDERATION OCTOBER 7-11,1996 Beijing, China Published and Distributed by AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS Alexander Bell Drive, Suite 500 Reston, VA 20191

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS IISL Board of Directors Introduction N. Jasentuliyana I Ill THE LEGAL STATUS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS ON THE MOON AND OTHER CELESTIAL BODIES Dominium Lunae, Proprietas Lunae 1 E. Fasan Property Rights on the Moon and Celestial Bodies ; 9 A. Cocca The Legal Status of Property Rights on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 20 H. Almond The Common Heritage of Mankind: Implications for the Legal Status of Property Rights on the Moon and Celestial Bodies 31 V. Mani Clearness Regarding Property Rights on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies 38 H. van Traa-Engelman Acquisition of Property in the Legal Regime of Celestial Bodies 45 G. Gal Preliminary Jurisprudential Observations Concerning Property Rights on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies in the Commercial Space Age 50 P. Sterns, G. Stine, L. Tennen CASES AND METHODS OF DISPUTE SETTLEMENT IN SPACE LAW Dispute Settlement and Space Activities: a New Framework Required? 61 S. Williams Cases and Methods of Dispute Settlement in Space Law 68 H. Safavi Liability for Copyright Infringement in the Case of TV Transmission via Satellite (ESSEL Vision's Claim on Intersputnik) 73 G. Zhukov, V. Veshchunov IX

3 Tendencies of Dispute Settlement in Present "Eastern European" Space Law 75 M. Hoskova LEGAL ASPECTS OF SHARING BENEFITS FROM THE CONDUCT OF SPACE AcnvrnES High Resolution Remote Sensing : New Aspects and Problems 85 M. Fontchenko, A. Movlyav Sharing of the Remote Sensing Date Concerning Environmental Protection for Public Benefit 94 G. Catalano Sgrosso U. S. Remote Sensing Data from Earth Observation - Law, Policy and Practice 105 M. Roberts Sharing Benefits of the Global Navigation Satellite System Within the Framework of ICAO 128 J. Huang Review of Article I of the Outer Space Treaty 132 M. Nakamura The International Regulation of an Equitable Utilization of Natural Outer Space Resources 138 H. Wassenbergh / Privitizing an International Cooperative? The Case of Intelsat 144 J. Galloway Benefit Sharing: The Municipal Model 151 D. O'Donnell Brazilian-Chinese Space Cooperation: An Analysis of its Legal Performance 164 J. Monserrat Filho Towards a Code of Conduct for the Exercise of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Space Activities - Moderation of the Monopoly? 176 B. Smith The 1996 UN-Declaration on "Space Benefits" Ending the North South Debate on Space Cooperation 183 M. Benko, K. Schrogl X

4 OTHER LEGAL MATTERS Paralysis by Phantom: Problems of the ITU Filing Procedures 187 F. Lyall Development of Broadcasting Laws Related to Satellite Television in the ASEAN Countries 194 M. Kantaatmadja Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Interference Testing: Legal Issues 202 P. Larsen Damages and Intellectual Property: An Up-Date on Hughes Aircraft Company vs. USA C. Christol Space Debris: Discussions in the United Nations in L. Perek The Draft of the International Law Association for a Convention on Space Debris (Buenos Aires) Can it Meet the Needs of the 21st Century? 223 A. Golrounia, M. Bahrami Japanese Space Policy - Where Is She Going? 229 Y. Hashimoto National Institutions Responsible for Space Activities: a Comparative Law Approach 235 M. Bourely, S. Courteix Summary of the U.S. Ad-Hoc Working Group Meeting on Revising the UN Principles on the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space 246 G. Bennett Some Legal Aspects of Confidence-Building Measures Concerning Outer Space 257 J. Ondrej U. S. National Space Policy and Bilateral Launch Service Agreements 263 D. Burnett, D. Lihani Tangible and Intangible Property in Outer Space 271 R. Oosterlinck XI

5 ADDENDA Report of the Discussions Held After the Sessions of the 39th Colloquium on the Law of Outer Space 285 T. Masson-Zwaan Annual Report 1996: Standing Committee on the Status of International Agreements Relating to Activities in Outer Space 288 A. Terekhov HSL Program at the UN COPUOS: Legal Subcommittee 298 E. Fasan Space Debris: Discussion in the Scientific and Technical Subcommittee in February L. Perek 1996IISL-ECSL Symposium-ESA Activities: Status and Organization of the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee 305 G. Lafferranderie 1996 IISL-ECSL Symposium: Protection of the Space Environment 338 F. Cheuvront III Space Debris: A Review of the Current Regulatory Environment 343 V. Kopal Manfred Lachs Space Law Moot Court Competition T. Masson-Zwaan Statutes of the International Institute of Space Law of the International Astronautical Federation 373 Author Index 380 XII

TABLE OF CONTENTS LEGAL ASPECTS OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND LAUNCHING

TABLE OF CONTENTS LEGAL ASPECTS OF SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND LAUNCHING TABLE OF CONTENTS IISL Board of Directors Introduction N. Jasentuliyana Tribute to Dr. Eilene Marie Galloway-Slack Photos of IISL Activities in 2006 1.01 Vision for Space Exploration M. Wholley LEGAL ASPECTS