Fresh from the boat: Great Duck Island habitat monitoring. Robert Szewczyk Joe Polastre Alan Mainwaring June 18, 2003

Transcription

1 Fresh from the boat: Great Duck Island habitat monitoring Robert Szewczyk Joe Polastre Alan Mainwaring June 18, 2003

2 Outline Application overview System & node evolution Status & preliminary evaluations Conclusions

3 Great Duck Island Petrel monitoring Goal: build ecological models for breeding preferences of Leach s Storm Petrel Burrow (nest) occupancy during incubation Differences in the micro-climates of active vs. inactive burrows Environmental conditions during 7 month breeding season Inconspicuous Operation Reduce the observer effect Sensor Network Lifetime, size, quantity requirements Environmental conditions Data As much as possible in the power budget Predictable operation Confidence in collected readings Unattended, off-the-grid operation

4 System structure Sensor Node Patch Network Sensor Patch Gateway Transit Network Client Data Browsing and Processing Basestation Base-Remote Link Internet Data Service

5 System implementation IR Burrow Camera #1 IR Burrow Camera #5 IR Burrow Camera #2 Sensor Patch IR Burrow Camera #6 Satellite router Web power strip WWW power strip IR Burrow Camera #3 ) IR Burrow Camera #4 IR Burrow Camera #7 IR Burrow Camera #8 4-port VPN router and 16-port Ethernet switch DB IBM laptop #1 Power over LAN Midspan Power over LAN midspan DB IBM laptop #2 Northern WAP Wireless bridgeethernet switch 110VAC service Burrow Camera Configuration Axis 2130 PTZ South Mica2-EPRB#2 Mica2-EPRB#2 Southern WAP Wireless bridge 916 MHz 12V PoL 12VDC, 0.9A Active Splitter network Axis 2401 Video Server

6 Node architecture advances Problems observed in previous deployment Size motes were too large to fit in many burrows Packaging did not provide adequate protection for electronics or proper conditions for sensors Reliability last retreat talk; high rate of node loss, lack of scientifically meaningful environmental data Power consumption boost converter a minimal return at a high price New generation of motes to address most of these concerns Platform based on mica2dot Primarily calibrated, digital sensors Multiple application-specific packaging, power, and sensing options

7 Mote evolution

8 Miniature weather station Sensor suite Sensirion humidity + temperature sensor Intersema pressure + temperature sensor TAOS total solar radiation sensor Hamamatsu PAR sensor Radiation sensors measure both direct and diffuse radiation Power supply SAFT LiS02 battery, ~1 2.8V Packaging HDPE tube with coated sensor boards on both ends of the tube Additional PVC skirt to provide extra shade and protection against the rain

9 Burrow occupancy detector Sensor suite Sensirion humidity + temperature sensor Melexis passive IR sensor + conditioning circuitry Power supply GreatBatch lithium thionyl chloride 1 Ah battery Maxim 5V boost converter for Melexis circuitry Packaging Sealed HDPE tube, emphasis on small size

10 Software architecture advances Bi-directional communication with low-power listenting.1% duty cycle Parameter adjustment and query Sample rate changes, sensor status queries Improved power management scheme Fine granularity through StdControl interface 20 ua sleep mode Multihop deployment planned for July What it isn t: GSK Emphasis on simplicity and reliability, rather than generality Compatible with most GSK server-side interfaces

11 Application status Sensor network 26 burrow motes deployed 12 weather station motes deployed (+2 for monitoring the insides of the base station case)» Another 14 are awaiting deployment within days Redundant database setup online 2 base stations logging packets to 2 database servers Replication to Berkeley Verification infrastructure Overview cameras in place Burrow cameras temporarily offline, wireless bridge problem Video logging still needs to be synchronized with the mote data service

12 Burrow motes: deployment x Repeater x 10 5

13 Burrow motes: link performance x Repeater x 10 5

14 Burrow motes: sample data /15 06/16 06/16 06/17 06/17 06/18 06/18

15 Burrow motes: sample data /15 06/16 06/16 06/17 06/17 06/18 06/18

16 Burrow motes: sample data /15 06/16 06/16 06/17 06/17 06/18 06/18

17 Weather stations: deployment x Repeater x 10 5

18 Weather stations: link performance x Repeater x 10 5

19 Weather stations: sample data /08 06/10 06/12 06/14 06/16 06/18 06/20

20 Weather stations: sample data /08 06/10 06/12 06/14 06/16 06/18 06/20

21 Weather stations: sample data x /08 06/10 06/12 06/14 06/16 06/18 06/20

22 Weather stations: sample data /08 06/10 06/12 06/14 06/16 06/18 06/20

23 Packaging evaluation We observed what happens to motes when packaging fails Battery venting, H2SO3 corroding the entire mote Need to assemble the package correctly we failed to create proper indication os a good seal Majority of packages survived severe weather! Still awaiting evaluation whether the package creates an environment suitable for sensing Convective heating, etc.

24 Conclusions Next generation of environmental sensor networks Smaller, better, more robust Application specific sensor suites vs. kitchen sink Infrastructure matters Redundancy at every level Remote administration and rebooting Data verification is key! More analysis to come Biology studies based on the system Compare notes with James Reserve system