RLC-circuits TEP. f res. = 1 2 π L C.
|
|
- Anabel Garrison
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 RLC-circuits TEP Keywords Damped and forced oscillations, Kirchhoff s laws, series and parallel tuned circuit, resistance, capacitance, inductance, reactance, impedance, phase displacement, Q-factor, band-width Application RLC-circuits are used as frequency filters or resonators in electronic devices; e.g in radio transmitters and receivers the frequency tuning is accomplished by setting the RLC-circuit to resonate on a special frequency. Radio receiver Experimental set-up RLC element (series) Learning objective The resonance-behaviour of a RLC-circuit is studied and the resonance frequencies f res are determined and compared with the theoretical values f res = 1 2 π L C. The resonance curves are measured and the impedance-behaviour of the LC-component is analysed. Further the bandwidths B and the quality factors Q are determined from the resonance curves and compared with the theoretical values for a series-tuned circuit, obtained from the parameters of the electrical components. P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 1
2 TEP RLC-circuits Tasks 1. Measure the voltage drop U over the LC-component and the current I through the circuit and determine the resonance frequency for both combinations of coil and capacitor; compare with the theoretical values a) for the series-tuned circuit with resistors R=47 Ω and R=100 Ω. b) for the parallel-tuned circuit with resistor R=470 Ω. 2. Determine the impedance Z of the LC-component for both circuits with the measurements from task 1 and compare with the theoretical values. 3. Determine the bandwidth B and Q-factor for the series-tuned circuit from the resonance curve and compare with the theoretical values (determined by the parameters of the electrical components). Equipment 1 Digital Function Generator, USB Coil, 900 turns Capacitor 100 nf/250 V, G Capacitor 470 nf/250 V, G Resistor 47 Ohm, 1W, G Resistor 100 Ohm, 1W, G Resistor 470 Ohm, 1W, G Multi-range meter/overl.prot.b (Multimeter) Connection box Connecting cord, 32 A, 500 mm, black Connecting cord, 32 A, 250 mm, black Short-circuit plug,black Theory A RLC-circuit (also oscillating, oscillator or resonant circuit) consists of a resistor (R), an inductance (L) and a capacitor (C) sometimes it is also refered to as LC-circuit, because the resistor is used to simulate the loss-resistance of a real circuit. Generally one differs between two kinds of RLC-circuits, the series- and the parallel-tuned circuit. The circuit diagramms are shown in Fig. 1 and 2, respectively. Fig. 1: circuit diagramm for a series-tuned RLC-circuit Fig. 2: circuit diagramm for a parallel-tuned RLC-circuit 2 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
3 RLC-circuits TEP When a fully charged capacitor is discharged through an inductance coil, the discharge current induces a magnetic field in the coil, which reaches its maximum, when the capacitor is completely discharged. Then, due to the decreasing current, the change in the magnetic field induces a voltage which according to Lenz's law charges the capacitor. Now the current decreases to zero until the capacitor is completely charged again, but with reversed sign of charges. At this point, the procedure starts again, but with opposite direction of the current. In absence of any resistance, this charging and discharging would oscillate forever but because of ohmic resistances which every real circuit posesses, the oscillation is damped and so the amplitude of current and voltage decreases by time. According to Kirchoff's law the total voltage in one loop must add to zero or be equal to an external potential. Therefore we obtain for the circuit in Fig. 1: where U L +U C +U R =U ext, (1) U L =L d I is the voltage drop across the inductance L, dt U C = Q C is the voltage drop across the capacitor C, U R =R I is the voltage drop across the resistor R, U ext =U FG =U 0 exp{i ωt} is the external voltage, which in our case is the output of the function generator (2) Using these identities and differentiating (1) with respect to time t, one obtains with d dt Q=I : L d2 dt 2 I+R d dt I+ 1 C I=iωU 0 exp{i ωt} (3) This equation can be easily transformed into the inhomogeneous differential equation for the forced oscillation; by using Euler's formula, ω 0 = 1 LC The real part of the solution for (3) gives the current with The phase displacement and the damping coefficient δ= R 2 L one obtains Ï+2δ İ+ω 0 2 I= ω L U 0 exp{i(ω t+ π 2 )}. (4) I 0 = ϕ is given by and the resonance point is found at I=I 0 cos(ωt φ) (5) U 0 R2 + ( ω L ωc) 1 2. tan ϕ= 1 R( ω L 1 ω C) (7) ω=ω 0 = 1 LC. (8) (6) P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 3
4 TEP RLC-circuits The impedance (value) is defined by series-tuned circuit Z = U eff I eff. From (6) one obtains for the LC-component of the Z s = ω L 1 ωc (9) (the absolut value is due to the fact that Z is actually a complex value). In contrast to the mechanical oscillation, here the resonance frequency is independent of the dampening. As can be easily shown from relations (6) and (7), at the resonance point the phase displacement becomes zero in all components of the circuits. In the case of the parallel-tuned RLC-circuit, we apply Kirchhoff's first law: I R +I L +I C =0 (10) Because the function generator represents a constant voltage source (and not constant current), we differentiate equ. (10) with respect to time, use the identities (2) and we obtain Ü + 1 RC U + 1 U =0. (11) LC With the ansatz U (t)=u 0 exp{i ωt} and after discarding the imaginary part one directly obtains the resonance frequency ω 0 = 1 LC uses (10) with I R =I and I(t)= U (t) Z. To determine the impedance for the parallel tuned circuit, one simply U (t) = U (t) + U (t ) Z p X L X C to obtain 1 = Z p 1 iω L +i ω C. (12) Applying Kirchhoff's first law on the complete circuit and regarding the LC-component as one element one gets U ext =U R +U LC (13) U 0 exp{iωt}=r I +Z LC I (here Z LC =Z p ). Therefore the solution for the current is, after neglecting the imaginary part, with The phase displacement I(t)=I 0 cos(ωt+ϕ) (14) U 0 I 0 = R 2 + ( ω L 1 ω ω 0)2 ϕ is given by tan ϕ= 1. (15) R( 1 ω L ωc ). (16) Comparing the calculations from above, the results are the following: Both circuits (series- and parallel-tuned) have the same resonance frequency 4 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
5 RLC-circuits TEP f res = ω 0 2π = 1 2π LC. (17) In the series-tuned case, the impedance tends to zero when the frequency is approaching the resonance frequency, which can be seen in the increase of current. In the parallel-tuned case, the impedance of the LC-component increases while approaching the resonance frequency, which can be seen in the decrease of current. Another physical quantity, which describes the behaviour of a resonating system is the bandwith B and the quality-factor Q. The bandwidth of a resonance curve is simply defined as the distance between the two points where the maximum amplitude A max = A res at the resonance drops to a value A res 2 Fig. 3), so B=f 2 f 1. (18) The quality factor Q is given by (see Q= f res B. (19) In the series-tuned circuit, the quality factor can also be expressed as Q= 1 R L C, (20) which can be derived from the equations above (but usually one uses the relation B=2 δ, where δ is the damping, which provides a much easier and faster way to obtain equ. (20)). One can see, that the resistor is responsible for the shape of the resonance curve, too. Fig. 3 In the parallel-tuned circuit, the quality factor, expressed through the parameters of the electrical components, is given by Q=R C L. (21) Set-Up The experimental set-up for measuring the voltage and current in the series-tuned circuit is shown in Fig. 4a and 4b, respectively. R i denotes the internal resistance of the digital function generator, which is given in the technical description as R i =2 Ω. The experimental set-up for measuring the voltage and current in the parallel-tuned circuit is shown in Fig. 5a and 5b, respectively. For the digital function generator select following settings: DC-offset: ± 0 V Amplitude (U SS ): 10 V Frequency: 0-10 khz Mode: sinusoidal P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 5
6 TEP RLC-circuits Fig. 4a Fig. 4b Fig. 5a Fig. 5b Select the following measuring ranges on the Multimeter: series-tuned circuit: Voltage (~): 3 V Current (~): 30 ma parallel-tuned circuit: Voltage (~): 1 V Current (~): 10 ma The settings can be altered according to the experimenter's discretion. But is it important to leave the settings constant during the experiment. Especially the measuring ranges of the multimeter must remain the same during the measurement, because different ranges use different internal resistors! It is recommended to adjust the measuring range of the multimeter at the maximum of the resonance point (current for series tuned circuit and voltage for parallel tuned circuit) and leave them unchanged during the measurement. 6 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
7 RLC-circuits TEP Procedure The voltage U and current I are measured according to the set-up for different frequencies f, which can be set and directly read off at the digital function generator. The frequency steps should get smaller when approaching the resonance frequency. Nevertheless it is recommended to determine the resonance frequencies for the different values of electrical components first, in order to have an idea how to choose the steps. For this one should use the quantity, which reaches its minimum at the resonance frequency. It is recommended to note all measurements for one quantity (e.g. the voltage) for the different frequencies first and then measure the other quantity (e.g. current) for the same frequencies. Results The resonance frequencies f res are measured as follows: 0.1 µf 0.47 µf series 3401 Hz 1552 Hz parallel 3400 Hz 1554 Hz Now the voltage drops U over the LC-components and the currents I through the circuits are measured at different frequencies for the different set-ups: For the series-tuned circuit we obtain the following results: C = 0.1 µf C = 0.47 µf R = 47Ω R = 100Ω R = 47Ω R = 100Ω f [khz] I [ma] U [V] f [khz] I [ma] U [V] f [khz] I [ma] U [V] f [khz] I [ma] U [V] P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 7
8 TEP RLC-circuits For the parallel-tuned circuit we obtain the following results: C = 0.1 µf C = 0.47 µf f [khz] U [V] I [ma] f [khz] U [V] I [ma] f [khz] U [V] I [ma] f [khz] U [V] I [ma] Evaluation Task 1: Determine the resonance frequency for both combinations of coil and capacitor and compare with the theoretical values: Because the resonance frequency is the same for both series- and parallel-tuned circuits and is additionally independent of the resistors, one has to consider only two cases for the two capacitors. From equ. (8) one gets f res = 1 2 π L C, which in this case leads to the theoretical values ( L=24 mh ): C 0.1 µf 0.47 µf f res 3249 Hz 1499 Hz Comparing the measured and the theoretical values, one finds that the results are within 5% deviation. The plotted resonance curves are shown in Fig. 6 Fig. 7: Fig. 6a: Resonance curve of the current in the series tuned circuit with C=0.1μ F (t he values I res / 2 for the bandwidth are plotted as I=const. graphs) 8 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
9 RLC-circuits TEP Fig. 6b: Resonance curve of the current in the series tuned circuit with C=0.47μ F (the values I res / 2 for the bandwidth are plotted as I=const. graphs) Fig. 7a: Resonance curve of the voltage in the parallel tuned circuit with C=0.1μ F (the values U res / 2 for the bandwidth are plotted as y=const. Graphs) Fig. 7b: Resonance curve of the voltage in the parallel tuned circuit with C=0.47μ F (the values U res / 2 for the bandwidth are plotted as y=const. Graphs) P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 9
10 TEP RLC-circuits Task 2: Determine the impedance Z of the LC-component for both circuits with the measurements from task 1 and compare with the theoretical values. The measured values Z m of the impedance are simply derived by Z m = U (f ) I (f ) where U (f ) and I(f ) are the voltage and current measured in task 1 at the frequency f. The theoretical value for the series tuned circuit is given by equ. (9), and one obtains for C=0.1μ F : C = 0.1 µf Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] f [khz] (R=47Ω) (R=100Ω) Z_th [Ω] f [khz] (R=47Ω) (R=100Ω) Z_th [Ω] , Note: One has to take care of the correct values of powers of ten! The plotted curves for the impendances for the series-tuned circuit with C=0.1μ F are plotted in Fig. 8: Fig. 8: theoretical and measured impedances in the series tuned circuits with C=0.1μ F 10 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
11 RLC-circuits TEP For C=0.47μ F one gets: C = 0.47 µf Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] Z_m [Ω] f [khz] (R=47Ω) (R=100Ω) Z_th [Ω] f [khz] (R=47Ω) (R=100Ω) Z_th [Ω] The plotted curves for the impendances for the series-tuned circuit with C=0.47μ F are plotted in Fig. 9a and Fig. 9b (different scaling on the y-axis): Fig. 9a and 9b: theoretical and measured impedances in the series tuned circuits with C=0.47μ F P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 11
12 TEP RLC-circuits In the parallel-tuned circuit we obtain the theoretical values for the impedance of the LC-component by using equ. (12): C = 0.1 µf C = 0.47 µf f [khz] Z_m [Ω] Z_th [Ω] f [khz] Z_m [Ω] Z_th [Ω] f [khz] Z_m [Ω] Z_th [Ω] f [khz] Z_m [Ω] Z_th [Ω] The plotted curves for the impendances for the parallel-tuned circuit are plotted in Fig. 10a and 10b: Fig. 10a: theoretical and measured impedances in the parallel-tuned circuits with C=0.1μ F. 12 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
13 RLC-circuits TEP Fig. 10b: theoretical and measured impedances in the parallel-tuned circuits with C=0.47μ F One can see, that the values of the measured impedances partially differ widely from the theoretical values, nevertheless the general behaviour is confirmed. The biggest deviations are present near the resonance frequency, where the ohmic part of the impedance (the ohmic resistance of the coil) contributes more than at the edges of the plotted curves. Task 3: Determine the bandwidth B and Q-factor for the series-tuned circuit from the resonance curve and compare with the theoretical values The theoretical values for the quality factor Q are given by equ. (20), but before inserting the values, one must consider the different parts which contribute to the total resistance. These are the ohmic resistor R itself, the real part of the impedanze at the resonance point, here simply denoted as R LC, which is simply given by R LC = U res I res, and the internal resistance of the function generator R i. Therefore Q th = 1 R tot L C with R tot=r+r i +R LC =R+R i + U res I res. The measured value of the quality factor Q m is calculated with equ. (19). The frequencies f 1 and f 2 for the bandwith are determined from the plot in Fig. 6 & 7. For the series-tuned case with C=0.1μ F one gets R tot f 1 f 2 B Q m Q th R = 47 Ω 61.7 Ω 3.19 khz 3.63 khz 0.44 khz R = 100 Ω Ω 3.02 khz 3.86 khz 0.84 khz The theoretical and measured values coincide quite well (deviation within 5% in the circuit with R=47 Ω and within 7% in the circuit with R=100Ω ). P PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved 13
14 TEP RLC-circuits For the series-tuned case with C=0.47μ F one gets R tot f 1 f 2 B Q m Q th R = 47 Ω 56.7 Ω 1.37 khz khz R = 100 Ω Ω 1.23 khz khz In this case the values coincide even better (within 4%). For completeness, we would like to compare the values of the quality factor for the parallel-tuned circuit (but here we consider only the resistor R=470Ω, because the influence of multimeter etc. is much more complicated than in the series-tuned circuit): f 1 f 2 B Q m Q th R = 470 Ω 1.37 khz 1.77 khz 0.4 khz In the parallel-tuned case the theoretical and measured value of the quality factor 3%. Q coincide within 14 PHYWE Systeme GmbH & Co. KG All rights reserved P
RLC-circuits with Cobra4 Xpert-Link TEP. 1 2 π L C. f res=
Related topics Damped and forced oscillations, Kirchhoff s laws, series and parallel tuned circuit, resistance, capacitance, inductance, reactance, impedance, phase displacement, Q-factor, band-width Principle
More informationRLC-circuits with Cobra4 Xpert-Link
Student's Sheet RLC-circuits with Cobra4 Xpert-Link (Item No.: P2440664) Curricular Relevance Area of Expertise: Physics Subtopic: Inductance, Electromagnetic Oscillations, AC Circuits Topic: Electricity
More informationLEP RLC Circuit
RLC Circuit LEP Related topics Kirchhoff s laws, series and parallel tuned circuit, resistance, capacitance, inductance, phase displacement, Q-factor, band-width, loss resistance, damping Principle The
More informationTEP. RLC Circuit with Cobra3
RLC Circuit with Cobra3 TEP Related topics Tuned circuit, series-tuned circuit, parallel-tuned circuit, resistance, capacitance, inductance, capacitor, coil, phase displacement, Q-factor, band-width,impedance,
More informationCoil in the AC circuit
Coil in the AC circuit LEP Related topics Inductance, Kirchhoff s laws, parallel connection, series connection, a. c. impedance, phase displacement, vector diagram Principle The impedance and phase displacement
More informationCoil in the AC circuit with Cobra3
Coil in the AC circuit with Cobra3 TEP Related topics Inductance, Kirchhoff s laws, Maxwell s equations, a.c. impedance, phase displacement. Principle and task The coil is connected in a circuit with a
More informationRLC Circuit with Cobra3
RLC Circuit with Cobra3 LEP Related topics Tuned circuit, series-tuned circuit, parallel-tuned circuit, resistance, capacitance, inductance, capacitor, coil, phase displacement, Q-factor, band-width,impedance,
More informationInductance of solenoids with Cobra3
Inductance of solenoids with Cobra3 TEP Related topics Law of inductance, Lenz s law, self-inductance, solenoids, transformer, oscillatory circuit, resonance, damped oscillation, logarithmic decrement,
More informationElectricity. Coil in the AC circuit /11. Electrodynamics. What you need:
Electrodynamics Electricity Coil in the AC circuit -01/11 What you can learn about Inductance Kirchhoff s laws Maxwell s equations AC impedance Phase displacement Principle: The coil is connected in a
More informationAC Circuits INTRODUCTION DISCUSSION OF PRINCIPLES. Resistance in an AC Circuit
AC Circuits INTRODUCTION The study of alternating current 1 (AC) in physics is very important as it has practical applications in our daily lives. As the name implies, the current and voltage change directions
More informationPHASES IN A SERIES LRC CIRCUIT
PHASES IN A SERIES LRC CIRCUIT Introduction: In this lab, we will use a computer interface to analyze a series circuit consisting of an inductor (L), a resistor (R), a capacitor (C), and an AC power supply.
More informationExercise 9: inductor-resistor-capacitor (LRC) circuits
Exercise 9: inductor-resistor-capacitor (LRC) circuits Purpose: to study the relationship of the phase and resonance on capacitor and inductor reactance in a circuit driven by an AC signal. Introduction
More informationStudy of Inductive and Capacitive Reactance and RLC Resonance
Objective Study of Inductive and Capacitive Reactance and RLC Resonance To understand how the reactance of inductors and capacitors change with frequency, and how the two can cancel each other to leave
More informationSeries and Parallel Resonant Circuits
Series and Parallel Resonant Circuits Aim: To obtain the characteristics of series and parallel resonant circuits. Apparatus required: Decade resistance box, Decade inductance box, Decade capacitance box
More informationChapter 31 Alternating Current
Chapter 31 Alternating Current In this chapter we will learn how resistors, inductors, and capacitors behave in circuits with sinusoidally vary voltages and currents. We will define the relationship between
More informationEXPERIMENT 8: LRC CIRCUITS
EXPERIMENT 8: LRC CIRCUITS Equipment List S 1 BK Precision 4011 or 4011A 5 MHz Function Generator OS BK 2120B Dual Channel Oscilloscope V 1 BK 388B Multimeter L 1 Leeds & Northrup #1532 100 mh Inductor
More informationCHAPTER 6: ALTERNATING CURRENT
CHAPTER 6: ALTERNATING CURRENT PSPM II 2005/2006 NO. 12(C) 12. (c) An ac generator with rms voltage 240 V is connected to a RC circuit. The rms current in the circuit is 1.5 A and leads the voltage by
More informationChapter 30 Inductance, Electromagnetic. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 30 Inductance, Electromagnetic Oscillations, and AC Circuits 30-7 AC Circuits with AC Source Resistors, capacitors, and inductors have different phase relationships between current and voltage
More informationChapter 6: Alternating Current. An alternating current is an current that reverses its direction at regular intervals.
Chapter 6: Alternating Current An alternating current is an current that reverses its direction at regular intervals. Overview Alternating Current Phasor Diagram Sinusoidal Waveform A.C. Through a Resistor
More informationChapter 33. Alternating Current Circuits
Chapter 33 Alternating Current Circuits Alternating Current Circuits Electrical appliances in the house use alternating current (AC) circuits. If an AC source applies an alternating voltage to a series
More informationLab 9 - AC Filters and Resonance
Lab 9 AC Filters and Resonance L9-1 Name Date Partners Lab 9 - AC Filters and Resonance OBJECTIES To understand the design of capacitive and inductive filters. To understand resonance in circuits driven
More informationEXPERIMENT FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AC CIRCUITS. Structure. 8.1 Introduction Objectives
EXPERIMENT 8 FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AC CIRCUITS Frequency Response of AC Circuits Structure 81 Introduction Objectives 8 Characteristics of a Series-LCR Circuit 83 Frequency Responses of a Resistor, an
More informationElectromagnetic Oscillations and Currents. March 23, 2014 Chapter 30 1
Electromagnetic Oscillations and Currents March 23, 2014 Chapter 30 1 Driven LC Circuit! The voltage V can be thought of as the projection of the vertical axis of the phasor V m representing the time-varying
More informationUniversity of Jordan School of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department. EE 219 Electrical Circuits Lab
University of Jordan School of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department EE 219 Electrical Circuits Lab EXPERIMENT 7 RESONANCE Prepared by: Dr. Mohammed Hawa EXPERIMENT 7 RESONANCE OBJECTIVE This experiment
More informationExperiment 2: Transients and Oscillations in RLC Circuits
Experiment 2: Transients and Oscillations in RLC Circuits Will Chemelewski Partner: Brian Enders TA: Nielsen See laboratory book #1 pages 5-7, data taken September 1, 2009 September 7, 2009 Abstract Transient
More informationMagnetic induction with Cobra3
Principle A magnetic field of variable frequency and varying strength is produced in a long coil. The voltages induced across thin coils which are pushed into the long coil are determined as a function
More informationEECS40 RLC Lab guide
EECS40 RLC Lab guide Introduction Second-Order Circuits Second order circuits have both inductor and capacitor components, which produce one or more resonant frequencies, ω0. In general, a differential
More informationLCR CIRCUITS Institute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi
L UTS nstitute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi L UTS PHYSS (LAB MANUAL) nstitute of Lifelong Learning, University of Delhi PHYSS (LAB MANUAL) L UTS ntroduction ircuits containing an inductor
More informationINTRODUCTION TO AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE
AC Filters & Resonance 167 Name Date Partners INTRODUCTION TO AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE OBJECTIVES To understand the design of capacitive and inductive filters To understand resonance in circuits driven
More informationDC and AC Circuits. Objective. Theory. 1. Direct Current (DC) R-C Circuit
[International Campus Lab] Objective Determine the behavior of resistors, capacitors, and inductors in DC and AC circuits. Theory ----------------------------- Reference -------------------------- Young
More informationElectronics and Instrumentation ENGR-4300 Spring 2004 Section Experiment 5 Introduction to AC Steady State
Experiment 5 Introduction to C Steady State Purpose: This experiment addresses combinations of resistors, capacitors and inductors driven by sinusoidal voltage sources. In addition to the usual simulation
More informationGoals. Introduction. To understand the use of root mean square (rms) voltages and currents.
Lab 10. AC Circuits Goals To show that AC voltages cannot generally be added without accounting for their phase relationships. That is, one must account for how they vary in time with respect to one another.
More informationAC CURRENTS, VOLTAGES, FILTERS, and RESONANCE
July 22, 2008 AC Currents, Voltages, Filters, Resonance 1 Name Date Partners AC CURRENTS, VOLTAGES, FILTERS, and RESONANCE V(volts) t(s) OBJECTIVES To understand the meanings of amplitude, frequency, phase,
More informationLab E5: Filters and Complex Impedance
E5.1 Lab E5: Filters and Complex Impedance Note: It is strongly recommended that you complete lab E4: Capacitors and the RC Circuit before performing this experiment. Introduction Ohm s law, a well known
More informationClass XII Chapter 7 Alternating Current Physics
Question 7.1: A 100 Ω resistor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply. (a) What is the rms value of current in the circuit? (b) What is the net power consumed over a full cycle? Resistance of the resistor,
More informationKirchhoff s laws, induction law, Maxwell equations, current, voltage, resistance, parallel connection, series connection, potentiometer
Kirchhoff s laws with Cobra4 TEP Related Topics Kirchhoff s laws, induction law, Maxwell equations, current, voltage, resistance, parallel connection, series connection, potentiometer Principle First Kirchhoff
More informationAC Circuits. "Look for knowledge not in books but in things themselves." W. Gilbert ( )
AC Circuits "Look for knowledge not in books but in things themselves." W. Gilbert (1540-1603) OBJECTIVES To study some circuit elements and a simple AC circuit. THEORY All useful circuits use varying
More informationFREQUENCY RESPONSE OF R, L AND C ELEMENTS
FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF R, L AND C ELEMENTS Marking scheme : Methods & diagrams : 3 Graph plotting : - Tables & analysis : 2 Questions & discussion : 3 Performance : 2 Aim: This experiment will investigate
More informationGoals. Introduction. To understand the use of root mean square (rms) voltages and currents.
Lab 10. AC Circuits Goals To show that AC voltages cannot generally be added without accounting for their phase relationships. That is, one must account for how they vary in time with respect to one another.
More informationInductance of solenoids
Inductance of solenoids LEP -01 Related topics Law of inductance, Lenz s law, self-inductance, solenoids, transformer, oscillatory circuit, resonance, damped oscillation, logarithmic decrement, Q factor.
More informationEXPERIMENT 4: RC, RL and RD CIRCUITs
EXPERIMENT 4: RC, RL and RD CIRCUITs Equipment List An assortment of resistor, one each of (330, 1k,1.5k, 10k,100k,1000k) Function Generator Oscilloscope 0.F Ceramic Capacitor 100H Inductor LED and 1N4001
More informationLab 1: Basic RL and RC DC Circuits
Name- Surname: ID: Department: Lab 1: Basic RL and RC DC Circuits Objective In this exercise, the DC steady state response of simple RL and RC circuits is examined. The transient behavior of RC circuits
More informationPHY203: General Physics III Lab page 1 of 5 PCC-Cascade. Lab: AC Circuits
PHY203: General Physics III Lab page 1 of 5 Lab: AC Circuits OBJECTIVES: EQUIPMENT: Universal Breadboard (Archer 276-169) 2 Simpson Digital Multimeters (464) Function Generator (Global Specialties 2001)*
More informationELECTRICAL CIRCUITS LABORATORY MANUAL (II SEMESTER)
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS LABORATORY MANUAL (II SEMESTER) LIST OF EXPERIMENTS. Verification of Ohm s laws and Kirchhoff s laws. 2. Verification of Thevenin s and Norton s Theorem. 3. Verification of Superposition
More informationLab 5 Second Order Transient Response of Circuits
Lab 5 Second Order Transient Response of Circuits Lab Performed on November 5, 2008 by Nicole Kato, Ryan Carmichael, and Ti Wu Report by Ryan Carmichael and Nicole Kato E11 Laboratory Report Submitted
More information#8A RLC Circuits: Free Oscillations
#8A RL ircuits: Free Oscillations Goals In this lab we investigate the properties of a series RL circuit. Such circuits are interesting, not only for there widespread application in electrical devices,
More informationAlternating current circuits- Series RLC circuits
FISI30 Física Universitaria II Professor J.. ersosimo hapter 8 Alternating current circuits- Series circuits 8- Introduction A loop rotated in a magnetic field produces a sinusoidal voltage and current.
More informationMASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Spring Experiment 11: Driven RLC Circuit
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.2 Spring 24 Experiment 11: Driven LC Circuit OBJECTIVES 1. To measure the resonance frequency and the quality factor of a driven LC circuit.
More informationMASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Spring 2005 Experiment 10: LR and Undriven LRC Circuits
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.0 Spring 005 Experiment 10: LR and Undriven LRC Circuits OBJECTIVES 1. To determine the inductance L and internal resistance R L of a coil,
More informationChapter 11. Alternating Current
Unit-2 ECE131 BEEE Chapter 11 Alternating Current Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Describe how an AC voltage is produced with an AC generator (alternator) Define alternation,
More informationPhysics for Scientists & Engineers 2 2 = 1 LC. Review ( ) Review (2) Review (3) e! Rt. cos "t + # ( ) q = q max. Spring Semester 2005 Lecture 30 U E
Review hysics for Scientists & Engineers Spring Semester 005 Lecture 30! If we have a single loop RLC circuit, the charge in the circuit as a function of time is given by! Where q = q max e! Rt L cos "t
More informationExperiment 9: AC circuits
Experiment 9: AC circuits Nate Saffold nas2173@columbia.edu Office Hour: Mondays, 5:30PM-6:30PM @ Pupin 1216 INTRO TO EXPERIMENTAL PHYS-LAB 1493/1494/2699 Introduction Last week (RC circuit): This week:
More informationEE301 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS CHAPTER 2 : OSCILLATORS. Lecturer : Engr. Muhammad Muizz Bin Mohd Nawawi
EE301 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS CHAPTER 2 : OSCILLATORS Lecturer : Engr. Muhammad Muizz Bin Mohd Nawawi 2.1 INTRODUCTION An electronic circuit which is designed to generate a periodic waveform continuously at
More informationBAKISS HIYANA BT ABU BAKAR JKE,POLISAS
BAKISS HIYANA BT ABU BAKAR JKE,POLISAS 1 1. Explain AC circuit concept and their analysis using AC circuit law. 2. Apply the knowledge of AC circuit in solving problem related to AC electrical circuit.
More informationPhysics 132 Quiz # 23
Name (please (please print) print) Physics 132 Quiz # 23 I. I. The The current in in an an ac ac circuit is is represented by by a phasor.the value of of the the current at at some time time t t is is
More information15. the power factor of an a.c circuit is.5 what will be the phase difference between voltage and current in this
1 1. In a series LCR circuit the voltage across inductor, a capacitor and a resistor are 30 V, 30 V and 60 V respectively. What is the phase difference between applied voltage and current in the circuit?
More informationEXPERIMENT 4: RC, RL and RD CIRCUITs
EXPERIMENT 4: RC, RL and RD CIRCUITs Equipment List Resistor, one each of o 330 o 1k o 1.5k o 10k o 100k o 1000k 0.F Ceramic Capacitor 4700H Inductor LED and 1N4004 Diode. Introduction We have studied
More informationWorksheet for Exploration 31.1: Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Shift
Worksheet for Exploration 31.1: Amplitude, Frequency and Phase Shift We characterize the voltage (or current) in AC circuits in terms of the amplitude, frequency (period) and phase. The sinusoidal voltage
More informationElectric Circuit Fall 2017 Lab10. LABORATORY 10 RLC Circuits. Guide. Figure 1: Voltage and current in an AC circuit.
LABORATORY 10 RLC Circuits Guide Introduction RLC circuit When an AC signal is input to a RLC circuit, voltage across each element varies as a function of time. The voltage will oscillate with a frequency
More informationPHYSICS WORKSHEET CLASS : XII. Topic: Alternating current
PHYSICS WORKSHEET CLASS : XII Topic: Alternating current 1. What is mean by root mean square value of alternating current? 2. Distinguish between the terms effective value and peak value of an alternating
More informationExperiment VI: The LRC Circuit and Resonance
Experiment VI: The ircuit and esonance I. eferences Halliday, esnick and Krane, Physics, Vol., 4th Ed., hapters 38,39 Purcell, Electricity and Magnetism, hapter 7,8 II. Equipment Digital Oscilloscope Digital
More informationLab 9 AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE
09-1 Name Date Partners ab 9 A FITES AND ESONANE OBJETIES OEIEW To understand the design of capacitive and inductive filters To understand resonance in circuits driven by A signals In a previous lab, you
More informationDOING PHYSICS WITH MATLAB RESONANCE CIRCUITS RLC PARALLEL VOLTAGE DIVIDER
DOING PHYSICS WITH MATLAB RESONANCE CIRCUITS RLC PARALLEL VOLTAGE DIVIDER Matlab download directory Matlab scripts CRLCp1.m CRLCp2.m When you change channels on your television set, an RLC circuit is used
More informationChapter 33. Alternating Current Circuits
Chapter 33 Alternating Current Circuits C HAP T E O UTLI N E 33 1 AC Sources 33 2 esistors in an AC Circuit 33 3 Inductors in an AC Circuit 33 4 Capacitors in an AC Circuit 33 5 The L Series Circuit 33
More informationAn induced emf is the negative of a changing magnetic field. Similarly, a self-induced emf would be found by
This is a study guide for Exam 4. You are expected to understand and be able to answer mathematical questions on the following topics. Chapter 32 Self-Induction and Induction While a battery creates an
More informationSTUDY OF RC AND RL CIRCUITS Venue: Microelectronics Laboratory in E2 L2
EXPERIMENT #1 STUDY OF RC AND RL CIRCUITS Venue: Microelectronics Laboratory in E2 L2 I. INTRODUCTION This laboratory is about verifying the transient behavior of RC and RL circuits. You need to revise
More informationExperiment 7: Undriven & Driven RLC Circuits
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8.02 Spring 2006 OBJECTIVES Experiment 7: Undriven & Driven RLC Circuits 1. To explore the time dependent behavior of RLC Circuits, both driven
More informationLab 8 - INTRODUCTION TO AC CURRENTS AND VOLTAGES
08-1 Name Date Partners ab 8 - INTRODUCTION TO AC CURRENTS AND VOTAGES OBJECTIVES To understand the meanings of amplitude, frequency, phase, reactance, and impedance in AC circuits. To observe the behavior
More informationLecture 16 Date: Frequency Response (Contd.)
Lecture 16 Date: 03.10.2017 Frequency Response (Contd.) Bode Plot (contd.) Bode Plot (contd.) Bode Plot (contd.) not every transfer function has all seven factors. To sketch the Bode plots for a generic
More informationPhysics 115. Inductors, Capacitors, and RLC circuits. General Physics II. Session 34
Physics 115 General Physics II Session 34 Inductors, Capacitors, and RLC circuits R. J. Wilkes Email: phy115a@u.washington.edu Home page: http://courses.washington.edu/phy115a/ 06/05/13 1 Lecture Schedule
More informationRC circuit. Recall the series RC circuit.
RC circuit Recall the series RC circuit. If C is discharged and then a constant voltage V is suddenly applied, the charge on, and voltage across, C is initially zero. The charge ultimately reaches the
More informationVALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
P a g e 2 Question Bank Programme Subject Semester / Branch : BE : EE6201-CIRCUIT THEORY : II/EEE,ECE &EIE UNIT-I PART-A 1. Define Ohm s Law (B.L.T- 1) 2. List and define Kirchoff s Laws for electric circuits.
More information13 th Asian Physics Olympiad India Experimental Competition Wednesday, 2 nd May 2012
13 th Asian Physics Olympiad India Experimental Competition Wednesday, nd May 01 Please first read the following instructions carefully: 1. The time available is ½ hours for each of the two experimental
More informationKINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK UNIT I BASIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS PART A (2-MARKS)
KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK YEAR / SEM : I / II SUBJECT CODE & NAME : EE 1151 CIRCUIT THEORY UNIT I BASIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS PART A (2-MARKS)
More informationInductance of solenoids
Inductance of solenoids TEP Related Topics Law of inductance, Lenz s law, self-inductance, solenoids, transformer, coupled oscillatory circuit, resonance, damped oscillation, logarithmic decrement Principle
More informationExperiment 18: Driven RLC Circuit
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Physics 8. Spring 3 Experiment 8: Driven LC Circuit OBJECTIVES To measure the resonance frequency and the quality factor of a driven LC circuit INTODUCTION
More informationFREQUENCY RESPONSE AND PASSIVE FILTERS LABORATORY
FREQUENCY RESPONSE AND PASSIVE FILTERS LABORATORY In this experiment we will analytically determine and measure the frequency response of networks containing resistors, AC source/sources, and energy storage
More informationLab E5: Filters and Complex Impedance
E5.1 Lab E5: Filters and Complex Impedance Note: It is strongly recommended that you complete lab E4: Capacitors and the RC Circuit before performing this experiment. Introduction Ohm s law, a well known
More informationLab 3: AC Low pass filters (version 1.3)
Lab 3: AC Low pass filters (version 1.3) WARNING: Use electrical test equipment with care! Always double-check connections before applying power. Look for short circuits, which can quickly destroy expensive
More informationMagnetic induction with Cobra3
Magnetic induction with Cobra3 LEP Related Topics Maxwell s equations, electrical eddy field, magnetic field of coils, coil, magnetic flux, induced voltage. Principle A magnetic field of variable frequency
More informationThe Tuned Circuit. Aim of the experiment. Circuit. Equipment and components. Display of a decaying oscillation. Dependence of L, C and R.
The Tuned Circuit Aim of the experiment Display of a decaying oscillation. Dependence of L, C and R. Circuit Equipment and components 1 Rastered socket panel 1 Resistor R 1 = 10 Ω, 1 Resistor R 2 = 1 kω
More informationSirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University
Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University School of Information, Computer and Communication Technology COURSE : ECS 34 Basic Electrical Engineering Lab INSTRUCTOR : Dr. Prapun
More informationPHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 29: ALTERNATING CURRENT.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: ALTERNATING VOLTAGES AND CURRENTS BEFORE, we only considered DIRECT CURRENTS, currents that only move in - NOW we consider ALTERNATING CURRENTS, currents that move in Alternating
More informationLab 9 AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE
151 Name Date Partners ab 9 A FITES AND ESONANE OBJETIES OEIEW To understand the design of capacitive and inductive filters To understand resonance in circuits driven by A signals In a previous lab, you
More informationANADOLU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ANADOLU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EEM 206 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS LABORATORY EXPERIMENT#3 RESONANT CIRCUITS 1 RESONANT CIRCUITS
More informationALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS
CHAPTE 23 ALTENATNG CUENT CCUTS CONCEPTUAL QUESTONS 1. EASONNG AND SOLUTON A light bulb and a parallel plate capacitor (including a dielectric material between the plates) are connected in series to the
More informationRC and RL Circuits. Figure 1: Capacitor charging circuit.
RC and RL Circuits Page 1 RC and RL Circuits RC Circuits In this lab we study a simple circuit with a resistor and a capacitor from two points of view, one in time and the other in frequency. The viewpoint
More informationChapter 6: Alternating Current
hapter 6: Alternating urrent 6. Alternating urrent.o 6.. Define alternating current (A) An alternating current (A) is the electrical current which varies periodically with time in direction and magnitude.
More informationLab 9 - INTRODUCTION TO AC CURRENTS AND VOLTAGES
145 Name Date Partners Lab 9 INTRODUCTION TO AC CURRENTS AND VOLTAGES V(volts) t(s) OBJECTIVES To learn the meanings of peak voltage and frequency for AC signals. To observe the behavior of resistors in
More informationLCR Parallel Circuits
Module 10 AC Theory Introduction to What you'll learn in Module 10. The LCR Parallel Circuit. Module 10.1 Ideal Parallel Circuits. Recognise ideal LCR parallel circuits and describe the effects of internal
More informationLRC Circuit PHYS 296 Your name Lab section
LRC Circuit PHYS 296 Your name Lab section PRE-LAB QUIZZES 1. What will we investigate in this lab? 2. Figure 1 on the following page shows an LRC circuit with the resistor of 1 Ω, the capacitor of 33
More informationPhysics 481 Experiment 1
Physics 481 Experiment 1 LAST Name (print) FIRST Name (print) LINEAR CIRCUITS 1 Experiment 1 - Linear Circuits This experiment is designed for getting a hands-on experience with simple linear circuits.
More informationENGR4300 Test 3A Fall 2002
1. 555 Timer (20 points) Figure 1: 555 Timer Circuit For the 555 timer circuit in Figure 1, find the following values for R1 = 1K, R2 = 2K, C1 = 0.1uF. Show all work. a) (4 points) T1: b) (4 points) T2:
More informationLecture Outline Chapter 24. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outline Chapter 24 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 24 Alternating-Current Circuits Units of Chapter 24 Alternating Voltages and Currents Capacitors in AC Circuits RC Circuits Inductors
More informationResonance in Circuits
Resonance in Circuits Purpose: To map out the analogy between mechanical and electronic resonant systems To discover how relative phase depends on driving frequency To gain experience setting up circuits
More informationThe Series RLC Circuit and Resonance
Purpose Theory The Series RLC Circuit and Resonance a. To study the behavior of a series RLC circuit in an AC current. b. To measure the values of the L and C using the impedance method. c. To study the
More informationBakiss Hiyana binti Abu Bakar JKE, POLISAS BHAB
1 Bakiss Hiyana binti Abu Bakar JKE, POLISAS 1. Explain AC circuit concept and their analysis using AC circuit law. 2. Apply the knowledge of AC circuit in solving problem related to AC electrical circuit.
More informationFigure 1a Three small inductors are show what inductors look like. Figure 1b Three large inductors
A Series RLC Circuit This lab will let you learn the characteristics of both amplitude and phase of a series RLC circuit. Theory nductors and Capacitors Resistors (R), inductors (L) and capacitors (C)
More informationFilters And Waveform Shaping
Physics 3330 Experiment #3 Fall 2001 Purpose Filters And Waveform Shaping The aim of this experiment is to study the frequency filtering properties of passive (R, C, and L) circuits for sine waves, and
More informationLab 10 - INTRODUCTION TO AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE
159 Name Date Partners Lab 10 - INTRODUCTION TO AC FILTERS AND RESONANCE OBJECTIVES To understand the design of capacitive and inductive filters To understand resonance in circuits driven by AC signals
More information