OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS S

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS S"

Transcription

1 OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS S

2 Course program 1. Introduction and Optical Fibers 2. Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers 3. Fiber-Optic Components 4. Transmitters and Receivers 5. Fiber-Optic Measurements & Review 2

3 Outline Wavelength Division Multiplexing Filters Fabry-Pérot Filter Thin-Film Filter Mach-Zehnder Filter Fiber Bragg Grating Couplers Isolators Circulators Multiplexers/Demultiplexers Add/Drop Mux/Demux 3

4 Outline Optical Amplifiers Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier Raman Amplifier Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Wavelength Converters Switches 4

5 Optical Fiber Data Links Fiber-Optic systems transmit modulated infrared light Fiber Transmitter Components Receiver Optical fiber systems can transmit information over very long distances due to their low attenuation 5

6 Wavelength Division Multiplexing Systems Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is the ability to combine multiple sources of data using multiple wavelengths (colors) of light propagating along one optical fiber Source 1 Source 2 Source 3 Source n 6

7 Why WDM Systems? Increase of the data traffic More bandwidth Limited number of fibers Longer non-regenerated distances 7

8 WDM Transmission Windows Attenuation of single-mode fiber Visible Infrared 400 nm nm O Band ~ nm E Band ~ nm S Band ~ nm C Band ~ nm L Band ~ nm 8

9 Coarse WDM (CWDM) CWDM grid defined in ITU recommendation G From 1270 nm to 1610 nm Spaced 20 nm apart Center wavelength deviates +/- 6 or 7 nm Non-cooled lasers Easy to Manufacture Less expensive Distributed Feedback lasers drift ~0.1 nm/ 0 C 13 nm CWDM filter bandwidth 9

10 Dense WDM (DWDM) Grid defined in ITU G Centered at THz ( nm) +/- 100, 50, 25 or 12.5 GHz ~ +/- 0.8, 0.4, 0.2 or 0.1 nm High stability (cooled) lasers More difficult to manufacture More expensive WDM channel spacing 100 GHz 50 GHz 25 GHz 12.5 GHz 20 nm CWDM 10

11 Example of WDM System Optical Spectrum 16 channels 0.8 nm spacing (100 GHz) Noise 1545 nm 1565 nm 11

12 Schematic of WDM Link Network monitoring MUX 3% Amp. λ-meter P-meter DEMUX 97% Filter Transmitter Add/Drop Module Receiver 12

13 WDM Components Couplers Wavelength Converter Isolators Switches Circulators Amplifiers Filters Multiplexers/Demultiplexers Add/Drop components 13

14 1 d Coupler 2 4 When d is small enough, the modes from top and bottom waveguides are coupled Light from port 1/2 is divided between port 3 and port 4 L 3 For symmetrical coupler: κ : coupling coefficient (Power=Amplitude 2 )! There is a π/2 phase shift for the cross signal! 14

15 Directional Coupler 1 L 3 d 2 4 Light can be fully coupled from 1(2) to 4(3) for appropriate choice of L (L=π/2κ): 15

16 50/50 Coupler 1 L 3 d 2 4 Light can be equally divided between 3 and 4 for appropriate choice of L (L=π/4κ): 16

17 Faraday Rotator Faraday Effect: certain materials rotate light polarization when placed in a static magnetic field θ θ polarization rotation θ =V B Magnetic field Verdet constant The sense of rotation is independent of the direction of propagation Materials: - Yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) - Terbium-iron-garnet (TbGG) - Terbium-aluminium-garnet (TbAlG) 17

18 Isolator Reflections (from Rayleigh scattering, fiber splices...) may impair the performances of optical amplifiers or lasers Isolators are based on Faraday rotators and prevent reflections Input light Polarizer Polarizer 45 Reflected light Net rotation=2 45 = 90 No light is reflected! 18

19 Isolator How it looks in practice Fiber Faraday rotator Magnet Polarizers Fiber Grin lenses Important parameters: -isolation: attenuation of reflected light (typical>30db) -insertion loss: losses of trasnmitted ligth (typical<0.5db) 19

20 Can have 3, 4, 6 ports... Circulator Multiport fiber devices directing light unidirectionally from port to port In Out Faraday rotator 3 Polarization beam splitter 4 20

21 Passband Insertion loss Flatness Bandwidth (defined at -3dB of max.) Edge Polarization dependence Filters Stopband λ k-1 Passband λ k Stopband λ k+1 Stopband Crosstalk rejection Bandwidth Filters are a basic block for building advanced WDM components Crosstalk 21

22 Fabry-Pérot Filter (FP) FP filter: resonant cavity formed by 2 highly reflective mirrors Transmission of a FP filter exhibits peaks at wavelengths corresponding to the longitudinal mode spacing of the cavity FP filter is a bandpass filter (wavelength located within the band are transmitted) Tunability can be achieved through the use of piezoelectric transducer to control the mirror spacing L Fiber Fiber Mirrors 22

23 Fabry-Pérot Filter Principle 2ϕ R 1 R 2 φ =n g ω L/c R 1, R 2 : mirror reflectivities If R 1 =R 2 =R 23

24 Fabry-Pérot Filter Transmission FSR=c/(2n g L) 1.0 R=0.9 R=0.5 T 0.5 Δν FP Higher reflectivity: higher finesse F Frequency [GHz] 24

25 Fabry-Pérot Filter in WDM System 1/B Channel spacing: Δν ch T ν 1 ν 2 ν 3 ν FP tuned through N channels (only 1 channel transmitted at a time) All the signal spectral content ( Bit rate B) must be transmitted Number of channels N is limited Total signal bandwidth: Δν sig F Δν sig N Δν ch <FSR Δν FP B 25

26 Fabry-Pérot Filter in WDM System Example: n g =1.5 R=99% B=10 Gb/s Δν ch =50 GHz F 312 N max =62 Δν sig =N max Δν ch =6.2 THz In addition, Δν sig <FSR=c/(2n g L) L<c/(2n g Δν sig ) 16 µm Δν sig increases if L decreases 26

27 Integrated Fabry-Pérot Filter Fibers+Piezoelectric Transducer Fiber PZT Fiber Mirrors Fibers+Liquid Crystal Fiber LC Fiber Thin Film+Dielectric Mirrors V Electrodes 27

28 Thin-Film Filter Thin-film cavities Advanced Fabry-Pérot cavities Mirrors consist of alternating dielectric thin-film layers with different refractive index Multiple reflections cause constructive & destructive interferences Bandpass filter Incoming Signal Reflected Signal Layers Substrate Transmitted Signal 28

29 Thin-Film Filter Properties Various filter shapes and bandwidths possible (0.1 to 10 nm) Insertion loss: 0.2 to 2 db Stopband rejection: 30 to 50 db The cavity thikness determines the center wavelength of the transmission band Several Thin-Film Filters can be cascaded to sharpen and flatten the transmission band Transmission 1535 nm 1555 nm 29

30 Mach-Zehnder Filter (MZ) Based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer Fiber, L introduce a delay τ=n g L/c In x 1-x Out 50/50 (3dB) coupler 30

31 Mach-Zehnder Filter Transmission τ =5mm The transfer function is not sharp enough to perform efficient WDM filtering operation! 31

32 Cascaded Mach-Zehnder Filter Solution: cascading several MZ In L 1,τ 1 L 2,τ 2 L n,τ n Out τ =5mm 32

33 Integrated Mach-Zehnder Filter All fiber-based bulky and not tunable Planar waveguide compact+refractive index can be changed with electric field (LiNbO 3 ) tunable delay! LiNbO 3 Electrodes 33

34 Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Single-mode fiber with modulated refractive index along the fiber length Signal Selected λ Non-selected λ n Λ Δ n n 0 z 34

35 Fiber Bragg Grating Properties Bandstop filter Reflection/transmission spectrum depends on grating parameters Tuning these parameters allow for changing the spectrum Grating Parameters Grating period Grating length Modulation depth relative index contrast profile 35

36 Fiber Bragg Grating Principle Multiple Distributed Scattering Equivalent to 2 opposite-travelling waves A(z) B(z) 36

37 Fiber Bragg Grating Reflection Reflection coefficient at λ B =2n eff Λ given by: λ B :Bragg Wavelength (reflected wavelength) L: grating length Γ: overlap integral between the propagating mode and fiber core 1.0 Ex: λ B =1550 nm n eff 1.45 Δn= L=5 mm Λ=534.5 nm Reflection Δλ R Grating bandwidth: Wavelength [nm] 37

38 Characteristic of Fiber Bragg Grating Low loss (0.1 db) Polarization insensitivity High wavelength accuracy ( nm easily achieved) High adjacent crosstalk suppression (40 db) Flat tops Temperature coefficient (~1.25 x 10-2 nm/c) Temperature compensation by packaging (0.07 x 10-2 nm/c) 38

39 Acousto-Optic Filter Acoustic absorber θ 1 θ 2 Quartz PZT θ 4 θ 3 v S : sound velocity in medium ω m :modulation frequency applied to PZT ~ ω m PZT creates sound waves in the glass Sound waves modulate the refractive index with period Λ S Light scatters off the periodic index modulation (Bragg diffraction) 39

40 Acousto-Optic Filter λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ 4 TE PZT sound wave Analyzer λ 2 TM LiNbO 3 Signal in TE mode n TE -n TM Phase-matching condition: Wavelength λ such that λ =ΔnΛ S is converted into TM mode and filtered out with an analyzer Different wavelengths can be selected by varying ω m ( ) 40

41 Multiplexers/Demultiplexers λ 1 λ 2 λ 3 MUX DEMUX λ 1 λ 2 λ 3 λ n λ n Mux/Demux are used to combine/separate indivual channels 41

42 Multiplexer: Wavelength Combiner Based on coupler The coupling coefficient κ is wavelength dependent κ (λ) The coupler can be designed such that L=π/2κ for λ 1 and L=2π/κ for λ 2 L A 1 λ 1 A 3 A 2 A 4 λ d 2 λ 1 + λ 2 WDM Combiner 42

43 Multiplexer: WDM Coupler Allows for combining the pump and signal in optical amplifiers Filter λ 2 λ 1 λ 1 + λ 2 Filter transmits light at λ 1 and reflects light at λ 2 T R λ 1 λ λ 2 λ 43

44 Mach-Zehnder Multiplexer L,τ Based on 2 2 couplers λ 1 Out 1 50/50 coupler Out 2 A 1 A 3! A 2 A 4 There is a π/2 phase shift for the cross signal! 44

45 Mach-Zehnder Multiplexer λ 1 τ 1 λ 3 λ 1 +λ 3 τ 2 Channels spacing so that 2πc / (1/λ i+1-1/λ i ) is constant τ 3 λ 2 λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ 4 λ 2 +λ 4 λ 4 Delays chosen such that certain wavelengths are directed to through-port only and some other to cross-port only (interference effects) 45

46 Prism-Based Demultiplexer Based on dispersion principle Different wavelengths separated by prism due to dispersion Lens focuses different wavelengths to different points Fiber placed at the different focusing points to collect light 46

47 Grating-Based Demultiplexer Based on diffraction principle Different wavelengths focused onto a grating Grating diffracts different wavelengths at different angles Lens focuses different wavelengths to different fibers 47

48 Arrayed Waveguide Grating Demultiplexer Based on diffraction principle Array of curved waveguides (Si, InP...) with constant phase difference Different optical paths result in phase delays Different wavelengths have maximal interferences at different locations Different wavelengths directed to different ports 48

49 Demultiplexer: Multilayer Interference Filters Based on filtering operation Multiwavelength signal Thin-film filter Thin-film filters cascaded along the optical path Filters designed to transmit one wavelength and reflect the others Different wavelengths exit at different ports Demultiplexed wavelengths 49

50 Demultiplexer: Multilayer Interference Filters 50

51 Add/Drop Adding and substracting channels from the network 51

52 Circulator-Fiber Bragg Grating Add/Drop λ 1 λ 2 Drop λ 2 Add λ 2 FBG reflects one wavelength and transmit all the other wavelengths 52

53 Circulator-Fiber Bragg Grating Add-Drop λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ λ 1 +λ 3 +λ 4 +λ 2 λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ 4 λ 2 λ 2 λ 1 +λ 3 +λ λ 2 λ 2 dropped added Reflection λ 2 53

54 Mach-Zehnder-Fiber Bragg Grating Add-Drop Reflection λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ 4 λ 5 λ 2 dropped FBG 50/50 50/50 Reflection λ 5 λ 1 +λ 3 +λ 4 +λ 5 added λ 2 54

55 Ring Resonator Add-Drop Reflected a In n eff, L a Transmitted with 55

56 Ring Resonator Add-Drop Transmission c/(n eff L) Frequency [GHz] λ 2 λ 5 Reflection λ 2 λ Frequency [GHz] In order to select one λ L must be very small (10 µm) λ 1 +λ 2 +λ 3 +λ 4 L λ 1 +λ 3 +λ 4 +λ 5 Integrated optics 56

57 Optical Signal Amplification Optical signal attenuated during propagation in optical fiber Additional losses from other optical components (multiplexers, couplers, isolators...) Losses can cause the optical signal to be too weak for accurate detection Solutions: Detect signal before it is too weak and re-transmit it (optical to electrical conversion, clean up, electrical to optical conversion) In-line optical amplifications (simpler and effective) 57

58 Optical Signal Amplification Advantages of Optical Amplifiers Insensitive to data-rate and modulation format Large gain bandwidth: multiple channels can be amplified simultaneously Drawbacks Introduce additional noise (cumulative effects) Spectral shape of the gain (not flat, i.e. signals at different wavelengths experience different gain) Types of Amplifiers Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) Raman Amplifiers Semiconductaor Optical Amplifiers (SOAs) 58

59 EDFA Principle: Stimulated Emission Atomic Energy levels Excited state Strong Pump Signal Ground state Fast decay (no light emitted) Stimulated Emission 59

60 Stimulated Emission Strong pump ligth is absorbed by atoms Atoms decay to ground state and emit light (photon) with same frequency/wavelength and phase as signal Photons add up ( ) Signal is amplified (Coherent amplification) Pump Signal Amplified Signal Amplifier 60

61 Doped Fiber Amplifiers Idea: introduce active dopants (rare-earth ions) in the core of an optical fiber during fabrication and which will allow for amplification (through stimulated emission) Examples of dopants commonly used Neodymium (Nd 3+ ) (0.92, 1.06, 1.35 µm ) Erbium (Er 3+ ) (0.55, 0.85, 0.98, 1.55, 1.72 µm) Ytterbium (Yb 3+ ) (1.02 µm) Thulium (Th 3+ ) (1.7 to 2.1 µm) Praseodynium (Pr 3+ ) (1.05 & 1.32 µm).. TELECOMMUNICATIONS WAVELENGTH! 61

62 Raman Amplifiers Principle Raman Amplifiers use Stimulated Raman Scattering Optical signal with short wavelength acts as "pump" signal transferring energy to a modulated weak signal of a longer wavelength. Because it is based on a nonlinear process, Raman amplification requires very high pump powers (some Watts) 62

63 Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) Similar to lasers, but with non-reflecting ends and broad wavelength emission Working in 1.31 µm ( µm) and 1.55 µm windows ( µm) Application in Booster and Pre-Amplifier 63

WDM Concept and Components. EE 8114 Course Notes

WDM Concept and Components. EE 8114 Course Notes WDM Concept and Components EE 8114 Course Notes Part 1: WDM Concept Evolution of the Technology Why WDM? Capacity upgrade of existing fiber networks (without adding fibers) Transparency:Each optical channel

More information

Introduction and concepts Types of devices

Introduction and concepts Types of devices ECE 6323 Introduction and concepts Types of devices Passive splitters, combiners, couplers Wavelength-based devices for DWDM Modulator/demodulator (amplitude and phase), compensator (dispersion) Others:

More information

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Sept. 25, 2017

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Sept. 25, 2017 Optical Communications and Networking Sept. 25, 2017 Lecture 4: Signal Propagation in Fiber 1 Nonlinear Effects The assumption of linearity may not always be valid. Nonlinear effects are all related to

More information

UNIT - 7 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS

UNIT - 7 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS UNIT - 7 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS WDM concepts, overview of WDM operation principles, WDM standards, Mach-Zehender interferometer, multiplexer, Isolators and circulators, direct thin film filters, active

More information

Chapter 10 WDM concepts and components

Chapter 10 WDM concepts and components Chapter 10 WDM concepts and components - Outline 10.1 Operational principle of WDM 10. Passive Components - The x Fiber Coupler - Scattering Matrix Representation - The x Waveguide Coupler - Mach-Zehnder

More information

Module 19 : WDM Components

Module 19 : WDM Components Module 19 : WDM Components Lecture : WDM Components - I Part - I Objectives In this lecture you will learn the following WDM Components Optical Couplers Optical Amplifiers Multiplexers (MUX) Insertion

More information

DWDM FILTERS; DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

DWDM FILTERS; DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION DWDM FILTERS; DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 1 OSI REFERENCE MODEL PHYSICAL OPTICAL FILTERS FOR DWDM SYSTEMS 2 AGENDA POINTS NEED CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS CLASSIFICATION TYPES PRINCIPLES BRAGG GRATINGS

More information

Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET

Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET 1 Outlines of the Class Principles of WDM DWDM, CWDM, Bidirectional WDM Components of WDM AWG, filter Problems with WDM Four-wave mixing Stimulated Brillouin scattering WDM Network

More information

Optical Fibers p. 1 Basic Concepts p. 1 Step-Index Fibers p. 2 Graded-Index Fibers p. 4 Design and Fabrication p. 6 Silica Fibers p.

Optical Fibers p. 1 Basic Concepts p. 1 Step-Index Fibers p. 2 Graded-Index Fibers p. 4 Design and Fabrication p. 6 Silica Fibers p. Preface p. xiii Optical Fibers p. 1 Basic Concepts p. 1 Step-Index Fibers p. 2 Graded-Index Fibers p. 4 Design and Fabrication p. 6 Silica Fibers p. 6 Plastic Optical Fibers p. 9 Microstructure Optical

More information

S Optical Networks Course Lecture 2: Essential Building Blocks

S Optical Networks Course Lecture 2: Essential Building Blocks S-72.3340 Optical Networks Course Lecture 2: Essential Building Blocks Edward Mutafungwa Communications Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box 2300, FIN-02015 TKK, Finland Tel: +358 9

More information

Chapter 8. Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers

Chapter 8. Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers Chapter 8 Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers Introduction Traditionally, when setting up an optical link, one formulates a power budget and adds repeaters when the path loss exceeds

More information

LW Technology. Passive Components. LW Technology (Passive Components).PPT - 1 Copyright 1999, Agilent Technologies

LW Technology. Passive Components. LW Technology (Passive Components).PPT - 1 Copyright 1999, Agilent Technologies LW Technology Passive Components LW Technology (Passive Components).PPT - 1 Patchcords Jumper cables to connect devices and instruments Adapter cables to connect interfaces using different connector styles

More information

Elements of Optical Networking

Elements of Optical Networking Bruckner Elements of Optical Networking Basics and practice of optical data communication With 217 Figures, 13 Tables and 93 Exercises Translated by Patricia Joliet VIEWEG+ TEUBNER VII Content Preface

More information

Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs)

Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) Prof. Dr. Yaocheng SHI ( 时尧成 ) yaocheng@zju.edu.cn http://mypage.zju.edu.cn/yaocheng 1 Traditional Optical Communication System Loss

More information

Passive Fibre Components

Passive Fibre Components SMR 1829-16 Winter College on Fibre Optics, Fibre Lasers and Sensors 12-23 February 2007 Passive Fibre Components (PART 2) Walter Margulis Acreo, Stockholm Sweden Passive Fibre Components W. Margulis walter.margulis@acreo.se

More information

Photonics and Optical Communication

Photonics and Optical Communication Photonics and Optical Communication (Course Number 300352) Spring 2007 Dr. Dietmar Knipp Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering http://www.faculty.iu-bremen.de/dknipp/ 1 Photonics and Optical Communication

More information

Fiber-based components. by: Khanh Kieu

Fiber-based components. by: Khanh Kieu Fiber-based components by: Khanh Kieu Projects 1. Handling optical fibers, numerical aperture 2. Measurement of fiber attenuation 3. Connectors and splices 4. Free space coupling of laser into fibers 5.

More information

Rogério Nogueira Instituto de Telecomunicações Pólo de Aveiro Departamento de Física Universidade de Aveiro

Rogério Nogueira Instituto de Telecomunicações Pólo de Aveiro Departamento de Física Universidade de Aveiro Fiber Bragg Gratings for DWDM Optical Networks Rogério Nogueira Instituto de Telecomunicações Pólo de Aveiro Departamento de Física Universidade de Aveiro Overview Introduction. Fabrication. Physical properties.

More information

Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers

Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers ECE 6323 Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers Semiconductor optical amplifier Others: stimulated Raman, optical parametric Advanced application:

More information

Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University

Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Last Lecture Topics Course introduction Ray optics & optical

More information

OPTICAL NETWORKS. Building Blocks. A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005

OPTICAL NETWORKS. Building Blocks. A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005 OPTICAL NETWORKS Building Blocks A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005 Introduction An introduction to WDM devices. optical fiber optical couplers optical receivers optical filters optical amplifiers

More information

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems Fiber-Optic Communication Systems Second Edition GOVIND P. AGRAWAL The Institute of Optics University of Rochester Rochester, NY A WILEY-iNTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NEW YORK / CHICHESTER

More information

Optical communications

Optical communications Optical communications Components and enabling technologies Optical networking Evolution of optical networking: road map SDH = Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SONET = Synchronous Optical Network SDH SONET

More information

Bragg and fiber gratings. Mikko Saarinen

Bragg and fiber gratings. Mikko Saarinen Bragg and fiber gratings Mikko Saarinen 27.10.2009 Bragg grating - Bragg gratings are periodic perturbations in the propagating medium, usually periodic variation of the refractive index - like diffraction

More information

Study of Multiwavelength Fiber Laser in a Highly Nonlinear Fiber

Study of Multiwavelength Fiber Laser in a Highly Nonlinear Fiber Study of Multiwavelength Fiber Laser in a Highly Nonlinear Fiber I. H. M. Nadzar 1 and N. A.Awang 1* 1 Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor,

More information

NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR WAVELENGTH SELEC- TIVE SWITCHING BASED OPTICAL NETWORKS

NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR WAVELENGTH SELEC- TIVE SWITCHING BASED OPTICAL NETWORKS Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 9, 93 100, 2009 NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR WAVELENGTH SELEC- TIVE SWITCHING BASED OPTICAL NETWORKS A. Banerjee

More information

Fibre Optic Sensors: basic principles and most common applications

Fibre Optic Sensors: basic principles and most common applications SMR 1829-21 Winter College on Fibre Optics, Fibre Lasers and Sensors 12-23 February 2007 Fibre Optic Sensors: basic principles and most common applications (PART 2) Hypolito José Kalinowski Federal University

More information

Gain Flattened L-Band EDFA -Raman Hybrid Amplifier by Bidirectional Pumping technique

Gain Flattened L-Band EDFA -Raman Hybrid Amplifier by Bidirectional Pumping technique Gain Flattened L-Band EDFA -Raman Hybrid Amplifier by Bidirectional Pumping technique Avneet Kour 1, Neena Gupta 2 1,2 Electronics and Communication Department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh

More information

OPTI510R: Photonics. Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona Meinel building R.626

OPTI510R: Photonics. Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona Meinel building R.626 OPTI510R: Photonics Khanh Kieu College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona kkieu@optics.arizona.edu Meinel building R.626 Announcements Homework #4 is due today, HW #5 is assigned (due April 8)

More information

Lecture 15 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and OTDR

Lecture 15 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and OTDR Lecture 15 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and OTDR Introduction Where are we? Using semiconductors as amplifiers. Amplifier geometry Cross talk Polarisation dependence Gain clamping Real amplifier performance

More information

Gain Flattening Improvements With Two Cascade Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier In WDM Systems

Gain Flattening Improvements With Two Cascade Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier In WDM Systems International Academic Institute for Science and Technology International Academic Journal of Science and Engineering Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016, pp. 36-42. ISSN 2454-3896 International Academic Journal of Science

More information

A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR DWDM OPTICAL NETWORKS

A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR DWDM OPTICAL NETWORKS Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 11, 213 223, 2010 A NEW APPROACH TO DESIGN DIGITALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL FILTER SYSTEM FOR DWDM OPTICAL NETWORKS A. Banerjee Department of Electronics and Communication

More information

CONTENTS. Chapter 1 Wave Nature of Light 19

CONTENTS. Chapter 1 Wave Nature of Light 19 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Wave Nature of Light 19 1.1 Light Waves in a Homogeneous Medium 19 A. Plane Electromagnetic Wave 19 B. Maxwell's Wave Equation and Diverging Waves 22 Example 1.1.1 A diverging laser

More information

Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier

Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier Aied K. Mohammed, PhD Department of Electrical Engineering, University

More information

FIBER OPTICS. Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar. Department of Electrical Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Lecture: 26

FIBER OPTICS. Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar. Department of Electrical Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Lecture: 26 FIBER OPTICS Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture: 26 Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) Systems Fiber Optics, Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar,

More information

Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier

Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier Contents Introduction Background Information Common Types of Raman Amplifiers Principle Theory of Raman Gain Noise Sources Related Information Introduction This document

More information

Awaited Emerging Optical Components for All-Optical Ultra-Dense WDM-Networks

Awaited Emerging Optical Components for All-Optical Ultra-Dense WDM-Networks Optical Networking in the Layered Internet Model Awaited Emerging Optical Components for All-Optical Ultra-Dense WDM-Networks Bo Willén, KTH Problems Applications Keep contact Network access End Users

More information

Electronically switchable Bragg gratings provide versatility

Electronically switchable Bragg gratings provide versatility Page 1 of 5 Electronically switchable Bragg gratings provide versatility Recent advances in ESBGs make them an optimal technological fabric for WDM components. ALLAN ASHMEAD, DigiLens Inc. The migration

More information

Multi-wavelength laser generation with Bismuthbased Erbium-doped fiber

Multi-wavelength laser generation with Bismuthbased Erbium-doped fiber Multi-wavelength laser generation with Bismuthbased Erbium-doped fiber H. Ahmad 1, S. Shahi 1 and S. W. Harun 1,2* 1 Photonics Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2 Department

More information

Optical fiber-fault surveillance for passive optical networks in S-band operation window

Optical fiber-fault surveillance for passive optical networks in S-band operation window Optical fiber-fault surveillance for passive optical networks in S-band operation window Chien-Hung Yeh 1 and Sien Chi 2,3 1 Transmission System Department, Computer and Communications Research Laboratories,

More information

Lecture 6 Fiber Optical Communication Lecture 6, Slide 1

Lecture 6 Fiber Optical Communication Lecture 6, Slide 1 Lecture 6 Optical transmitters Photon processes in light matter interaction Lasers Lasing conditions The rate equations CW operation Modulation response Noise Light emitting diodes (LED) Power Modulation

More information

Fundamentals of DWDM Technology

Fundamentals of DWDM Technology CHAPTER 2 The emergence of DWDM is one of the most recent and important phenomena in the development of fiber optic transmission technology. In the following discussion we briefly trace the stages of fiber

More information

Development of Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter

Development of Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter Development of Etalon-Type Gain-Flattening Filter by Kazuyou Mizuno *, Yasuhiro Nishi *, You Mimura *, Yoshitaka Iida *, Hiroshi Matsuura *, Daeyoul Yoon *, Osamu Aso *, Toshiro Yamamoto *2, Tomoaki Toratani

More information

Optical switches. Switching Technology S Optical switches

Optical switches. Switching Technology S Optical switches Optical switches Switching Technology S38.165 http://www.netlab.hut.fi/opetus/s38165 13-1 Optical switches Components and enabling technologies Contention resolution Optical switching schemes 13-2 1 Components

More information

A continuous-wave Raman silicon laser

A continuous-wave Raman silicon laser A continuous-wave Raman silicon laser Haisheng Rong, Richard Jones,.. - Intel Corporation Ultrafast Terahertz nanoelectronics Lab Jae-seok Kim 1 Contents 1. Abstract 2. Background I. Raman scattering II.

More information

Optical Amplifiers (Chapter 6)

Optical Amplifiers (Chapter 6) Optical Amplifiers (Chapter 6) General optical amplifier theory Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) Raman Amplifiers Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) Read Chapter 6, pp. 226-266 Loss & dispersion

More information

DESIGN TEMPLATE ISSUES ANALYSIS FOR ROBUST DESIGN OUTPUT. performance, yield, reliability

DESIGN TEMPLATE ISSUES ANALYSIS FOR ROBUST DESIGN OUTPUT. performance, yield, reliability DESIGN TEMPLATE ISSUES performance, yield, reliability ANALYSIS FOR ROBUST DESIGN properties, figure-of-merit thermodynamics, kinetics, process margins process control OUTPUT models, options Optical Amplification

More information

Contents for this Presentation. Multi-Service Transport

Contents for this Presentation. Multi-Service Transport Contents for this Presentation SDH/DWDM based Multi-Service Transport Platform by Khurram Shahzad ad Brief Contents Description for this of Presentation the Project Development of a Unified Transport Platform

More information

Advanced Test Equipment Rentals ATEC (2832)

Advanced Test Equipment Rentals ATEC (2832) Established 1981 Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832) BN 8000 May 2000 Profile Optische Systeme GmbH Gauss Str. 11 D - 85757 Karlsfeld / Germany Tel + 49 8131 5956-0 Fax

More information

Fiberoptic Communication Systems By Dr. M H Zaidi. Optical Amplifiers

Fiberoptic Communication Systems By Dr. M H Zaidi. Optical Amplifiers Optical Amplifiers Optical Amplifiers Optical signal propagating in fiber suffers attenuation Optical power level of a signal must be periodically conditioned Optical amplifiers are a key component in

More information

Hybrid Integration Technology of Silicon Optical Waveguide and Electronic Circuit

Hybrid Integration Technology of Silicon Optical Waveguide and Electronic Circuit Hybrid Integration Technology of Silicon Optical Waveguide and Electronic Circuit Daisuke Shimura Kyoko Kotani Hiroyuki Takahashi Hideaki Okayama Hiroki Yaegashi Due to the proliferation of broadband services

More information

Enabling Devices using MicroElectroMechanical System (MEMS) Technology for Optical Networking

Enabling Devices using MicroElectroMechanical System (MEMS) Technology for Optical Networking Enabling Devices using MicroElectroMechanical System (MEMS) Technology for Optical Networking December 17, 2007 Workshop on Optical Communications Tel Aviv University Dan Marom Applied Physics Department

More information

Erbium-Doper Fiber Amplifiers

Erbium-Doper Fiber Amplifiers Seminar presentation Erbium-Doper Fiber Amplifiers 27.11.2009 Ville Pale Presentation Outline History of EDFA EDFA operating principle Stimulated Emission Stark Splitting Gain Gain flatness Gain Saturation

More information

Chapter 9 GUIDED WAVE OPTICS

Chapter 9 GUIDED WAVE OPTICS [Reading Assignment, Hecht 5.6] Chapter 9 GUIDED WAVE OPTICS Optical fibers The step index circular waveguide is the most common fiber design for optical communications plastic coating (sheath) core cladding

More information

Optical Transport Technologies and Trends

Optical Transport Technologies and Trends Optical Transport Technologies and Trends A Network Planning Perspective Sept 1, 2014 Dion Leung, Director of Solutions and Sales Engineering dleung@btisystem.com About BTI Customers 380+ worldwide in

More information

! Couplers. ! Isolators/Circulators. ! Multiplexers/Filters. ! Optical Amplifiers. ! Transmitters (lasers,leds) ! Detectors (receivers) !

! Couplers. ! Isolators/Circulators. ! Multiplexers/Filters. ! Optical Amplifiers. ! Transmitters (lasers,leds) ! Detectors (receivers) ! Components of Optical Networks Based on: Rajiv Ramaswami, Kumar N. Sivarajan, Optical Networks A Practical Perspective 2 nd Edition, 2001 October, Morgan Kaufman Publishers Optical Components! Couplers!

More information

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Oct. 9, 2017

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Oct. 9, 2017 Optical Communications and Networking Oct. 9, 2017 1 Optical Amplifiers In optical communication systems, the optical signal from the transmitter are attenuated by the fiber and other passive components

More information

A tunable Si CMOS photonic multiplexer/de-multiplexer

A tunable Si CMOS photonic multiplexer/de-multiplexer A tunable Si CMOS photonic multiplexer/de-multiplexer OPTICS EXPRESS Published : 25 Feb 2010 MinJae Jung M.I.C.S Content 1. Introduction 2. CMOS photonic 1x4 Si ring multiplexer Principle of add/drop filter

More information

Optical Fibre Amplifiers Continued

Optical Fibre Amplifiers Continued 1 Optical Fibre Amplifiers Continued Stavros Iezekiel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus ECE 445 Lecture 09 Fall Semester 2016 2 ERBIUM-DOPED FIBRE AMPLIFIERS BASIC

More information

Keysight Technologies Using a Wide-band Tunable Laser for Optical Filter Measurements

Keysight Technologies Using a Wide-band Tunable Laser for Optical Filter Measurements Keysight Technologies Using a Wide-band Tunable Laser for Optical Filter Measurements Article Reprint NASA grants Keysight Technologies permission to distribute the article Using a Wide-band Tunable Laser

More information

CWDM self-referencing sensor network based on ring resonators in reflective configuration

CWDM self-referencing sensor network based on ring resonators in reflective configuration CWDM self-referencing sensor network based on ring resonators in reflective configuration J. Montalvo, C. Vázquez, D. S. Montero Displays and Photonics Applications Group, Electronics Technology Department,

More information

Fiber Amplifiers. Fiber Lasers. 1*5 World Scientific. Niloy K nulla. University ofconnecticut, USA HONG KONG NEW JERSEY LONDON

Fiber Amplifiers. Fiber Lasers. 1*5 World Scientific. Niloy K nulla. University ofconnecticut, USA HONG KONG NEW JERSEY LONDON LONDON Fiber Amplifiers Fiber Lasers Niloy K nulla University ofconnecticut, USA 1*5 World Scientific NEW JERSEY SINGAPORE BEIJING SHANGHAI HONG KONG TAIPEI CHENNAI Contents Preface v 1. Introduction 1

More information

Channel wavelength selectable singleõdualwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser

Channel wavelength selectable singleõdualwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser Channel wavelength selectable singleõdualwavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser Tong Liu Yeng Chai Soh Qijie Wang Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang

More information

Introduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers

Introduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers ECE 5368 Introduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers Introduction Fundamentals of laser Types of lasers Semiconductor lasers How many types of lasers? Many many depending on

More information

Ph 77 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATOMIC AND OPTICAL PHYSICS

Ph 77 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATOMIC AND OPTICAL PHYSICS Ph 77 ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATOMIC AND OPTICAL PHYSICS Diode Laser Characteristics I. BACKGROUND Beginning in the mid 1960 s, before the development of semiconductor diode lasers, physicists mostly

More information

Swept Wavelength Testing:

Swept Wavelength Testing: Application Note 13 Swept Wavelength Testing: Characterizing the Tuning Linearity of Tunable Laser Sources In a swept-wavelength measurement system, the wavelength of a tunable laser source (TLS) is swept

More information

WDM. Coarse WDM. Nortel's WDM System

WDM. Coarse WDM. Nortel's WDM System WDM wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology which multiplexes a number of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths (i.e. colors) of laser light.

More information

21. (i) Briefly explain the evolution of fiber optic system (ii) Compare the configuration of different types of fibers. or 22. (b)(i) Derive modal eq

21. (i) Briefly explain the evolution of fiber optic system (ii) Compare the configuration of different types of fibers. or 22. (b)(i) Derive modal eq Unit-1 Part-A FATIMA MICHAEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Senkottai Village, Madurai Sivagangai Main Road, Madurai - 625 020. [An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution] DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND

More information

CONTROLLABLE WAVELENGTH CHANNELS FOR MULTIWAVELENGTH BRILLOUIN BISMUTH/ERBIUM BAS-ED FIBER LASER

CONTROLLABLE WAVELENGTH CHANNELS FOR MULTIWAVELENGTH BRILLOUIN BISMUTH/ERBIUM BAS-ED FIBER LASER Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 9, 9 18, 29 CONTROLLABLE WAVELENGTH CHANNELS FOR MULTIWAVELENGTH BRILLOUIN BISMUTH/ERBIUM BAS-ED FIBER LASER H. Ahmad, M. Z. Zulkifli, S. F. Norizan,

More information

Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates

Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates Simarpreet Kaur Gill 1, Gurinder Kaur 2 1Mtech Student, ECE Department, Rayat- Bahra University,

More information

Photonics and Optical Communication Spring 2005

Photonics and Optical Communication Spring 2005 Photonics and Optical Communication Spring 2005 Final Exam Instructor: Dr. Dietmar Knipp, Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering Name: Mat. -Nr.: Guidelines: Duration of the Final Exam: 2 hour You

More information

WaveSmart Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM)

WaveSmart Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) Application These products are needed when a passive multiplexing or demultiplexing unit is required in a central office environment. They are used in CATV headends and telephone company central offices.

More information

Opto-VLSI-based reconfigurable photonic RF filter

Opto-VLSI-based reconfigurable photonic RF filter Research Online ECU Publications 29 Opto-VLSI-based reconfigurable photonic RF filter Feng Xiao Mingya Shen Budi Juswardy Kamal Alameh This article was originally published as: Xiao, F., Shen, M., Juswardy,

More information

Module 19 : WDM Components

Module 19 : WDM Components Module 19 : WDM Components Lecture : WDM Components - II Objectives In this lecture you will learn the following OADM Optical Circulators Bidirectional OADM using Optical Circulators and FBG Optical Cross

More information

Lecture 5 Fiber Optical Communication Lecture 5, Slide 1

Lecture 5 Fiber Optical Communication Lecture 5, Slide 1 Lecture 5 Bit error rate The Q value Receiver sensitivity Sensitivity degradation Extinction ratio RIN Timing jitter Chirp Forward error correction Fiber Optical Communication Lecture 5, Slide 1 Bit error

More information

The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope

The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope The Fiber-Optic Gyroscope Second Edition Herve C. Lefevre ARTECH HOUSE BOSTON LONDON artechhouse.com Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition xvii xix Introduction 1 References

More information

Photonics (OPTI 510R 2017) - Final exam. (May 8, 10:30am-12:30pm, R307)

Photonics (OPTI 510R 2017) - Final exam. (May 8, 10:30am-12:30pm, R307) Photonics (OPTI 510R 2017) - Final exam (May 8, 10:30am-12:30pm, R307) Problem 1: (30pts) You are tasked with building a high speed fiber communication link between San Francisco and Tokyo (Japan) which

More information

Optical networking. Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services

Optical networking. Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services Optical networking Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services Agenda Optical fibre principle Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

More information

Multiplexing. Timeline. Multiplexing. Types. Optically

Multiplexing. Timeline. Multiplexing. Types. Optically Multiplexing Multiplexing a process where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium Types Time division multiplexing Frequency division multiplexing

More information

MICROWAVE photonics is an interdisciplinary area

MICROWAVE photonics is an interdisciplinary area 314 JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 27, NO. 3, FEBRUARY 1, 2009 Microwave Photonics Jianping Yao, Senior Member, IEEE, Member, OSA (Invited Tutorial) Abstract Broadband and low loss capability of

More information

Faraday Rotators and Isolators

Faraday Rotators and Isolators Faraday Rotators and I. Introduction The negative effects of optical feedback on laser oscillators and laser diodes have long been known. Problems include frequency instability, relaxation oscillations,

More information

Performance Analysis of dispersion compensation using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) in Optical Communication

Performance Analysis of dispersion compensation using Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) in Optical Communication Research Article International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 416, P-ISSN 2347-5161 214 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Performance

More information

R. J. Jones Optical Sciences OPTI 511L Fall 2017

R. J. Jones Optical Sciences OPTI 511L Fall 2017 R. J. Jones Optical Sciences OPTI 511L Fall 2017 Semiconductor Lasers (2 weeks) Semiconductor (diode) lasers are by far the most widely used lasers today. Their small size and properties of the light output

More information

Achievement of Arbitrary Bandwidth of a Narrow Bandpass Filter

Achievement of Arbitrary Bandwidth of a Narrow Bandpass Filter Achievement of Arbitrary Bandwidth of a Narrow Bandpass Filter Cheng-Chung ee, Sheng-ui Chen, Chien-Cheng Kuo and Ching-Yi Wei 2 Department of Optics and Photonics/ Thin Film Technology Center, National

More information

UNIT - 7 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS

UNIT - 7 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS UNIT - 7 LECTURE-1 WDM CONCEPTS AND COMPONENTS WDM concepts, overview of WDM operation principles, WDM standards, Mach-Zehender interferometer, multiplexer, Isolators and circulators, direct thin film

More information

Wavelength Multiplexing. The Target

Wavelength Multiplexing. The Target The Target Design a MAN* like fiber network for high data transmission rates. The network is partial below sea level and difficult to install and to maintain. Such a fiber network demands an optimized

More information

Dynamic gain-tilt compensation using electronic variable optical attenuators and a thin film filter spectral tilt monitor

Dynamic gain-tilt compensation using electronic variable optical attenuators and a thin film filter spectral tilt monitor Dynamic gain-tilt compensation using electronic variable optical attenuators and a thin film filter spectral tilt monitor P. S. Chan, C. Y. Chow, and H. K. Tsang Department of Electronic Engineering, The

More information

Active mode-locking of miniature fiber Fabry-Perot laser (FFPL) in a ring cavity

Active mode-locking of miniature fiber Fabry-Perot laser (FFPL) in a ring cavity Active mode-locking of miniature fiber Fabry-Perot laser (FFPL) in a ring cavity Shinji Yamashita (1)(2) and Kevin Hsu (3) (1) Dept. of Frontier Informatics, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University

More information

Dr. Rüdiger Paschotta RP Photonics Consulting GmbH. Competence Area: Fiber Devices

Dr. Rüdiger Paschotta RP Photonics Consulting GmbH. Competence Area: Fiber Devices Dr. Rüdiger Paschotta RP Photonics Consulting GmbH Competence Area: Fiber Devices Topics in this Area Fiber lasers, including exotic types Fiber amplifiers, including telecom-type devices and high power

More information

Multiwavelength optical fibre source

Multiwavelength optical fibre source Multiwavelength optical fibre source JAN LAMPERSKI, PIOTR STĘPCZAK Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications Poznan University of Technology ul. Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznań POLAND Abstract: - In this

More information

S-band gain-clamped grating-based erbiumdoped fiber amplifier by forward optical feedback technique

S-band gain-clamped grating-based erbiumdoped fiber amplifier by forward optical feedback technique S-band gain-clamped grating-based erbiumdoped fiber amplifier by forward optical feedback technique Chien-Hung Yeh 1, *, Ming-Ching Lin 3, Ting-Tsan Huang 2, Kuei-Chu Hsu 2 Cheng-Hao Ko 2, and Sien Chi

More information

MULTIFREQUENCY CONTINUOUS WAVE ERBIUM DOPED FIBER NON-RESONANT OPTICAL SOURCE

MULTIFREQUENCY CONTINUOUS WAVE ERBIUM DOPED FIBER NON-RESONANT OPTICAL SOURCE 2007 Poznańskie Warsztaty Telekomunikacyjne Poznań 6-7 grudnia 2007 POZNAN POZNAN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITYOF OF TECHNOLOGY ACADEMIC ACADEMIC JOURNALS JOURNALS No 54 Electrical Engineering 2007 Andrzej DOBROGOWSKI*

More information

An Optical Combiner Module for DWDM Systems

An Optical Combiner Module for DWDM Systems An Optical Combiner Module for DWDM Systems by Hiroshi Matsuura *, Yasuhiro Watanabe *2, Masayoshi Kagawa *, Hajime Kazami *, Kazumi Ida *2 and Nobuaki Sato *2 An optical combiner module with two input

More information

3 General Principles of Operation of the S7500 Laser

3 General Principles of Operation of the S7500 Laser Application Note AN-2095 Controlling the S7500 CW Tunable Laser 1 Introduction This document explains the general principles of operation of Finisar s S7500 tunable laser. It provides a high-level description

More information

Optics and Lasers. Matt Young. Including Fibers and Optical Waveguides

Optics and Lasers. Matt Young. Including Fibers and Optical Waveguides Matt Young Optics and Lasers Including Fibers and Optical Waveguides Fourth Revised Edition With 188 Figures Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest Contents

More information

University of Arizona ECE 430/530: Optical Communication Systems Spring 2010, Ivan B. Djordjevic Introduction to Fiber-Optics Communications

University of Arizona ECE 430/530: Optical Communication Systems Spring 2010, Ivan B. Djordjevic Introduction to Fiber-Optics Communications University of Arizona : Optical Communication Systems Spring 2010, Ivan B. Djordjevic Introduction to Fiber-Optics Communications 1 INTRODUCTION TO FIBER-OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS Optical communication systems

More information

SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication

SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication Subject Code : IA Marks : 25 No. of Lecture Hrs/Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total no. of Lecture Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 UNIT - 1 PART - A OVERVIEW OF OPTICAL FIBER

More information

Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission

Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission Norio Kashima Artech House Boston London Contents Preface Part I Basic Technologies 1 Chapter 1 Introduction to Passive Optical Components 3 1.1

More information

A novel tunable diode laser using volume holographic gratings

A novel tunable diode laser using volume holographic gratings A novel tunable diode laser using volume holographic gratings Christophe Moser *, Lawrence Ho and Frank Havermeyer Ondax, Inc. 85 E. Duarte Road, Monrovia, CA 9116, USA ABSTRACT We have developed a self-aligned

More information