ELEC Transmission i and
|
|
- Gabriel Flowers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ELEC-1104 Lecture 5: Transmission i and Distribution ib ti
2 Power System Layout
3 Transmission and Distribution The transmission system is to transmit a large amount of energy from the power stations s to the load centres. es. The distribution ib ti system is to take energy from the transmission network and supply it to the end consumers.
4 Transmission and Distribution To transmit a given power, the higher the voltage, the smaller is the current, and hence lower is the resistance sta loss. Power Voltage Current Loss = current 2 Resistance To raise the voltage, AC transformer is required. Hence the transmission i and distribution system normally operates in AC.
5 Three phase transmission Advantages of three phase transmission: Only 3 conductors are required to supply a 3-phase line, hence better transmission efficiency. The total t 3-phase power is constant t rather than pulsating, hence smoother operation. For a machine of given size, higher rating can be obtained with 3-phase design.
6 Transmission System The transmission network can take on different forms, it s a compromise between reliability tyand cost. The characteristic of the transmission network is that direction of energy flow is not fixed but depend on generation and load conditions.
7 Transmission System Transmission refers to the highest voltage levels in the system network and could vary from 132 kv (66 kv in HK) upward.» UHV above 750 kv» EHV 400 to 750 kv The higher level transmission network is The higher level transmission network is sometimes refer to as the grid.
8 Today s Transmission System Power plants may be far from the load (e.g. to avoid fuel transportation, building power plants near the coal mines). To enhance reliability of power supply, network structure is adopted for the transmission system. As the transmission capacity is increased (in GW order), the transmission voltage is getting higher and higher.
9 Today s Transmission System Standard voltages are used in each country, which h leads to standard d design of equipment (transformers, generators, motors, circuit breakers etc.) beneficial to investment, operation & maintenance. Higher voltage networks are built on top of existing networks, resulting in layers of transmission and sub-transmission systems.
10 Representation of a electric power system: One-line diagram One-line diagram -- for system diagram, and show parameters, connections. generator transformer impedance line bus (node) L C circuit breaker grounding load
11
12 Transmission lines
13 Distribution System Unlike transmission, the energy flow in distribution is always unidirectional. The sub-transmission system can be simply regarded as a high voltage level distribution. The distribution ib ti system can be divided id dinto:» Primary distribution (1.1~6.6 kv, 3-phase)» Secondary distribution (380/220V)
14 Distribution Domestic and small consumers normally received their supply from the service mains of secondary distribution system. Large consumers may receive their 3-phase supply directly from primary distribution at a higher voltage. V l i th i Very large consumers may receive their supply from the sub-transmission system.
15 Distribution The primary distribution system receives its supply from the distribution substations and branched outas 3-phase feeders. The feeders then branched out as sub- feeders and single-phase laterals. The laterals supply the service mains of the secondary distribution ib ti network through h distribution transformers.
16 Radial Distribution System distributor Distribution transformer feeder Sub-feeder Substation To consumers lateral
17 Ring Distribution System feeder Distribution transformer Substation distributor To consumers
18 Distribution system
19 D.C. vs A.C. in Utilization Most appliances can work equally well on A.C. or D.C. Electronic equipment work on low voltage D.C. (voltage reduction then rectification) AC A.C. motors are more efficient i tthan D.C. DC motors. Lighting at low frequency A.C. would flicker.
20 Average power 1 Power = VI ˆˆ 2 A.C. Transmission power factor A.C. generators are more efficient and can be designed for a higher generating voltage. Voltage drop caused by line inductance. Charging current to line capacitance reduces the useful current carrying capacity of lines.
21 A.C. Transmission Voltage level can be changed easily by the use of transformers. Current value passes through zero twice a cycle facilitates current interruption AC A.C. system must operate in synchronism, and hence can easily run into stability problems.
22 Average Power P dc = V dc I dc D.C. Transmission Not affected by line inductance nor capacitance No easy voltage transformation No easy way to cut off D.C. current
23 D.C. vs A.C. in Transmission D.C. transmission is more efficient. Operationally D.C. is not affected by line capacitance and inductance. D.C. has no stability problem. A.C. system is preferred mainly because of the readiness in transforming the system voltage from one level to another. The difficulty in the cut off of D.C. fault current also works against D.C.
24 H.V.D.C. Transmission To transmit large amount of power at high voltage, advantage of D.C. is significant. To integrate D.C. transmission with the A.C. system, expensive converter stations must be installed at both ends of the D.C. line. Becomes economically viable as distance of transmission i increases.
25 HVDC System
26 H.V.D.C. Applications To link up two A.C. system operating at different frequencies. As a asynchronous link within an A.C. system to improve stability. For submarine cables. For transmission of large amount of power over a long distance.
27 System Voltage To transmit a given power, the higher the voltage, the smaller is the current, and hence lower is the resistance sta loss. Power Voltage Current Loss = current 2 Resistance Hence for same loss, acceptable resistance Voltage i.e. conductorsize 2 resistance voltage
28 System Voltage On the other hand, there are costs that increases with system voltage.» Insulation costs» Transformer so coss costs» Supporting structure costs» Circuit it breaker and switch costs etc.
29 System Voltage Hence corresponding to the amount of power to be handled, there is a certain optimum system voltage. Thus the optimum transmission voltage for CLP is higher than HEC because the load capacity of CLP is greater than HEC. As we go down the distribution ib ti level, l the amount of power to be handled reduces, hence the voltage level el also reduces.
30 System Frequency Electromagnetic machines (generators, motors, transformers) voltage frequency flux For same system voltage, higher frequency lower flux smaller core size lower cost
31 Transmission lines System Frequency There is a component in voltage drop due to line inductance ΔV = (2πf L)I There is also a charging current supplied to line capacitance ΔI = (2πf C)V A lower frequency will reduce the voltage drop along the line and reduce the charging current to charge up the line capacitance.
32 System Frequency Lamp outputs varies at twice the supply frequency. Too low a frequency can cause lamp flickering. Motor speed varies directly with frequency. For constant torque, output frequency. Two main frequency employed: 50 Hz Hong Kong, China, Europe 60 Hz USA, Canada.
33 Power system network in Hong Kong The power system network in Hong Kong operates in» 3-phase A.C. at 50 Hz The highest transmission voltage is» 400 kv for CLP» 275 kv for HEC. The consumer voltage is» 380V/220 V line/phase voltage
34 Overhead Transmission Conductors are bare conductors with no insulation (insulated by air). Conductors are supported from supporting structures (steel towers) by insulator strings. There may be one 3-phase circuit (single circuit line) or two 3-phase circuits (double circuit line) supported by the same tower. Earth wire to protect line from lightning strike.
35 Corona discharge Overhead Transmission Corona is the ionization of air surrounding line conductors due to high voltage stress. Its occurence depends on:» System voltage» Conductor size» Conductor surface condition» Atmospheric condition
36 Corona discharge Overhead Transmission Corona is the ionization of air surrounding line conductors due to high voltage stress and would result in corona loss, radio interference as well as noise pollution. Concern of EM field on health hazards. Sight of supporting towers
37 Underground Transmission Energy is transmitted over insulated cables normally buried underground. At transmission voltage, cables are much more expensive than overhead lines. Commonly used insulations: Oil-filled paper Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) SF 6 Gas insulated ducts
38 Underground Transmission The conductors in underground cables are much closer together and hence the cable capacitance ce is much higher. Charging current to cable capacitance is a major operation concern. Systems with many cables may have excessive reactive power generation during light load periods.
Should we transform our lines to HVDC?
Should we transform our lines to HVDC? HVDC versushvac Gaurav Dabhi 1, Nishit Sanghvi 2, Pinkesh Patel 3 1 Electrical Eng., G.H. Patel college of Eng. & Tech., dabhi60@gmail.com 2 Electrical Eng., G.H.
More informationCONTENTS. 1. Introduction Generating Stations 9 40
CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 8 Importance of Electrical Energy Generation of Electrical Energy Sources of Energy Comparison of Energy Sources Units of Energy Relationship among Energy Units Efficiency Calorific
More informationEE 741. Primary & Secondary Distribution Systems
EE 741 Primary & Secondary Distribution Systems Radial-Type Primary Feeder Most common, simplest and lowest cost Example of Overhead Primary Feeder Layout Example of Underground Primary Feeder Layout Radial-Type
More informationFatima Michael college of Engineering and Technology
Fatima Michael college of Engineering and Technology DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EE2303 TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION SEM: V Question bank UNIT I INTRODUCTION 1. What is the electric
More informationSingle Line Diagram of Substations
Single Line Diagram of Substations Substations Electric power is produced at the power generating stations, which are generally located far away from the load centers. High voltage transmission lines are
More informationPRELIMINARIES. Generators and loads are connected together through transmission lines transporting electric power from one place to another.
TRANSMISSION LINES PRELIMINARIES Generators and loads are connected together through transmission lines transporting electric power from one place to another. Transmission line must, therefore, take power
More informationIII/IV B.Tech (Regular/Supplementary) DEGREE EXAMINATION
Hall Ticket Number: 14EE503 October, 2018 Fifth Semester Time: Three Hours Answer Question No.1 compulsorily. Answer ONE question from each unit. III/IV B.Tech (Regular/Supplementary) DEGREE EXAMINATION
More informationHVDC Transmission. Michael Muhr. Institute of High Voltage Engineering and System Performance Graz University of Technology Austria P A S S I O N
S C I E N C E P A S S I O N T E C H N O L O G Y HVDC Transmission Michael Muhr Graz University of Technology Austria www.tugraz.at 1 Definition HV High Voltage AC Voltage > 60kV 220kV DC Voltage > 60kV
More informationUnit 2. Single Line Diagram of Substations
Unit 2 Single Line Diagram of Substations Substations Electric power is produced at the power generating stations, which are generally located far away from the load centers. High voltage transmission
More informationEH2741 Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems Lecture 2
KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY EH2741 Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems Lecture 2 Lars Nordström larsno@kth.se Course map Outline Transmission Grids vs Distribution grids Primary Equipment
More informationEE 340 Transmission Lines. Spring 2012
EE 340 Transmission Lines Spring 2012 Physical Characteristics Overhead lines An overhead transmission line usually consists of three conductors or bundles of conductors containing the three phases of
More informationCoil Products Beginnings 1960 State of the Art. Customer partnership around the globe. Continuous innovation since 1900
Coil Products Coil Products Customer partnership around the globe More than 250,000 coil products delivered to more than 170 countries. More than 60 years of operational experience. 35,000 in Europe 13,000
More informationEE 340 Transmission Lines
EE 340 Transmission Lines Physical Characteristics Overhead lines An overhead transmission line usually consists of three conductors or bundles of conductors containing the three phases of the power system.
More informationCase Study 1. Power System Planning and Design: Power Plant, Transmission Lines, and Substations
Case Study 1 Power System Planning and Design: Power Plant, Transmission Lines, and Substations Lindsay Thompson, 5203120 Presented to Riadh Habash ELG 4125 11/10/2013 1.0 ABSTRACT A power plant delivers
More informationRoll No. :... Invigilator s Signature :.. CS/B.TECH(EE)/SEM-5/EE-502/ POWER SYSTEM-I. Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70
Name : Roll No. :.... Invigilator s Signature :.. CS/B.TECH(EE)/SEM-5/EE-502/2011-12 2011 POWER SYSTEM-I Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70 The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Candidates
More informationBASIC ELECTRICITY/ APPLIED ELECTRICITY
BASIC ELECTRICITY/ APPLIED ELECTRICITY PREAMBLE This examination syllabus has been evolved from the Senior Secondary School Electricity curriculum. It is designed to test candidates knowledge and understanding
More informationBASIC ELECTRICITY/ APPLIED ELECTRICITY
BASIC ELECTRICITY/ APPLIED ELECTRICITY PREAMBLE This examination syllabus has been evolved from the Senior Secondary School Electricity curriculum. It is designed to test candidates knowledge and understanding
More informationEH27401 Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems Lecture 2. Lars Nordström
EH27401 Communication and Control in Electric Power Systems Lecture 2 Lars Nordström larsn@ics.kth.se 1 Course map 2 Outline 1. Power System Topologies Transmission Grids vs Distribution grids Radial grids
More informationATC s Mackinac Back to Back. Summary
ATC s Mackinac Back to Back HVDC Project Update Michael B. Marz American Transmission Company Summary The Need For Flow Control at Mackinac Mackinac Flow Control Requirements Available Flow Control Technologies
More informationTransmission of Electrical Energy
Transmission of Electrical Energy Electrical energy is carries by conductors such as overhead transmission lines and underground cables. The conductors are usually aluminum cable steel reinforced (ACSR),
More informationElectrical Power Systems
Electrical Power Systems CONCEPT, THEORY AND PRACTICE SECOND EDITION SUBIR RAY Professor MVJ College of Engineering Bangalore PHI Learning Pfcte tofm Delhi-110092 2014 Preface xv Preface to the First Edition
More informationClick to edit Master title style. Click to edit Master title style. Northern Powergrid Asset Recording Guidance
Click to edit Master title style Click to edit Master title style Northern Powergrid Asset Recording Guidance Rules for ICP & IDNO Version 1.0 April 2017 Introduction Accurate records for all assets are
More informationGrounding System Theory and Practice
Grounding System Theory and Practice Course No. E-3046 Credit: 3 PDH Grounding System Theory and Practice Velimir Lackovic, Electrical Engineer System grounding has been used since electrical power systems
More informationGROUNDED ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION. Excerpt from Inverter Charger Series Manual BY: VIJAY SHARMA ENGINEER
GROUNDED ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION Excerpt from Inverter Charger Series Manual BY: VIJAY SHARMA ENGINEER .0 Conductors for Electrical Power Distribution For single-phase transmission of AC power or
More informationINTEGRATED METHOD IN ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE STUDIES
INTEGRATED METHOD IN ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE STUDIES Jinxi Ma and Farid P. Dawalibi Safe Engineering Services & technologies ltd. 1544 Viel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3M 1G4 Tel.: (514) 336-2511
More informationNotes 1: Introduction to Distribution Systems
Notes 1: Introduction to Distribution Systems 1.0 Introduction Power systems are comprised of 3 basic electrical subsystems. Generation subsystem Transmission subsystem Distribution subsystem The subtransmission
More informationElectrical Engineering. Power Systems. Comprehensive Theory with Solved Examples and Practice Questions. Publications
Electrical Engineering Power Systems Comprehensive Theory with Solved Examples and Practice Questions Publications Publications MADE EASY Publications Corporate Office: 44-A/4, Kalu Sarai (Near Hauz Khas
More informationCOURSE PLANNER. Subject: TESTING AND COMMISSIONING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS ( ) B.E. Fourth Year (8 th Sem) Branch Electrical Engineering
COURSE PLANNER Subject: TESTING AND COMMISSIONING OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS (2180901) B.E. Fourth Year (8 th Sem) Branch Electrical Engineering Term: 16/2 (DECEMBER-16 to APRIL-17) Faculty: Prof. U. V.
More informationBusbars and lines are important elements
CHAPTER CHAPTER 23 Protection of Busbars and Lines 23.1 Busbar Protection 23.2 Protection of Lines 23.3 Time-Graded Overcurrent Protection 23.4 Differential Pilot-Wire Protection 23.5 Distance Protection
More informationIntroduce system protection relays like underfrequency relays, rate of change of frequency relays, reverse - power flow
Module 1 : Fundamentals of Power System Protection Lecture 3 : Protection Paradigms - System Protection Objectives In this lecture we will: Overview dynamics in power systems. Introduce system protection
More informationNATIONAL CERTIFICATE (VOCATIONAL) ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE NQF LEVEL 4 NOVEMBER 2009
NATIONAL CERTIFICATE (VOCATIONAL) ELECTRICAL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE NQF LEVEL 4 NOVEMBER 2009 (12041004) 23 November (X-Paper) 09:00 12:00 Calculators may be used. This question paper consists of 7 pages.
More informationPower Transformer Ratings' Calculation and Analysis - IEEE C
Power Transformer Ratings' Calculation and Analysis - IEEE C57.91-1995 Course No. E-3058 Credit: 3 PDH 2017 Decatur Professional Development, LLC. All rights reserved. Power Transformer Ratings Calculation
More informationSubstation: From the Outside Looking In.
1 Substation: From the Outside Looking In. Moderator n Ron Spataro AVO Training Institute Marketing Manager 2 Q&A n Send us your questions and comments during the presentation 3 Today s Presenter n Greg
More informationTransformers TRANS FORM ERS
Transformers TRANS FORM ERS Meiden Transformers are standard design, standard quality. Our Factories on world-wide supply chain Since its founding in 1897 Meidensha Corporation has not only built up a
More informationMAINS SIGNAL PROPAGATION THROUGH DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS. J. Stones*, S. Perera*, V. Gosbell* and N. Browne**
ABSTRACT MAINS SIGNAL PROPAGATION THROUGH DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS J. Stones*, S. Perera*, V. Gosbell* and N. Browne** *School of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong
More informationPower Quality. Case Study. Conrad Bottu Laborelec January 2008
Case Study Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) study Breakdown of low voltage electronic equipment in a 25 kv substation Conrad Bottu Laborelec January 2008 Power Quality Power Quality 1 Introduction Description
More informationELECTRICAL POWER ENGINEERING
Introduction This trainer has been designed to provide students with a fully comprehensive knowledge in Electrical Power Engineering systems. The trainer is composed of a set of modules for the simulation
More informationUProtection Requirements. Ufor a Large scale Wind Park. Shyam Musunuri Siemens Energy
UProtection Requirements Ufor a Large scale Wind Park Shyam Musunuri Siemens Energy Abstract: In the past wind power plants typically had a small power rating when compared to the strength of the connected
More informationHigh Voltage DC Transmission Prof. Dr. S. N. Singh Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
High Voltage DC Transmission Prof. Dr. S. N. Singh Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Module No. # 01 Lecture No. # 02 Comparison of HVAC and HVDC Systems Welcome
More informationNumbering System for Protective Devices, Control and Indication Devices for Power Systems
Appendix C Numbering System for Protective Devices, Control and Indication Devices for Power Systems C.1 APPLICATION OF PROTECTIVE RELAYS, CONTROL AND ALARM DEVICES FOR POWER SYSTEM CIRCUITS The requirements
More informationDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE & NAME : EE 1402 HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING UNIT I
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE & NAME : EE 1402 HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING YEAR / SEM : IV / VII UNIT I OVER VOLTAGES IN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS 1. What
More informationTab 2 Voltage Stresses Switching Transients
Tab 2 Voltage Stresses Switching Transients Distribution System Engineering Course Unit 10 2017 Industry, Inc. All rights reserved. Transient Overvoltages Decay with time, usually within one or two cycles
More informationECE 422/522 Power System Operations & Planning/Power Systems Analysis II 5 - Reactive Power and Voltage Control
ECE 422/522 Power System Operations & Planning/Power Systems Analysis II 5 - Reactive Power and Voltage Control Spring 2014 Instructor: Kai Sun 1 References Saadat s Chapters 12.6 ~12.7 Kundur s Sections
More informationCHAPTER 8: ELECTROMAGNETISM
CHAPTER 8: ELECTROMAGNETISM 8.1: MAGNETIC EFFECT OF A CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR Electromagnets 1. Conductor is a material that can flow.. 2. Electromagnetism is the study of the relationship between.and..
More informationEE 740 Transmission Lines
EE 740 Transmission Lines 1 High Voltage Power Lines (overhead) Common voltages in north America: 138, 230, 345, 500, 765 kv Bundled conductors are used in extra-high voltage lines Stranded instead of
More informationProtection of Electrical Networks. Christophe Prévé
Protection of Electrical Networks Christophe Prévé This Page Intentionally Left Blank Protection of Electrical Networks This Page Intentionally Left Blank Protection of Electrical Networks Christophe Prévé
More informationTHE IMPACT OF NETWORK SPLITTING ON FAULT LEVELS AND OTHER PERFORMANCE MEASURES
THE IMPACT OF NETWORK SPLITTING ON FAULT LEVELS AND OTHER PERFORMANCE MEASURES C.E.T. Foote*, G.W. Ault*, J.R. McDonald*, A.J. Beddoes *University of Strathclyde, UK EA Technology Limited, UK c.foote@eee.strath.ac.uk
More informationSimulation and Analysis of Power System Transients using EMTP-RV
5-Day course Montréal - CANADA October 1-5, 2012 Simulation and Analysis of Power System Transients using EMTP-RV This course is organized by POWERSYS. Place: DELTA MONTREAL http://www.deltahotels.com/en/hotels/quebec/delta-montreal/
More informationPRUDENT PRACTICES TO IMPROVE POWER FACTOR AND REDUCE POWER LOSS.
1 PRUDENT PRACTICES TO IMPROVE POWER FACTOR AND REDUCE POWER LOSS. DEFINATIONS Working /Active Power: Normally measured in kilowatts (kw). It does the "work" for the system--providing the motion, torque,
More informationEarthing for EMC in Installations
Earthing for EMC in Installations Ian McMichael n 1 PQSynergy 2010 Conference Earthing for EMC in Installations Introduction Electromagnetic Compatibility or EMC EMC and installations Standards and References
More informationOverview of Grounding for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Presented By Robert Schuerger, P.E.
Overview of Grounding for Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Presented By Robert Schuerger, P.E. HP Critical Facility Services delivered by EYP MCF What is VOLTAGE? Difference of Electric Potential
More informationHigh Voltage Direct Current Transmission
High Voltage Direct Current Transmission 11 11.0 Historical Background Power Transmission was initially carried out in the early 1880s using Direct Current (d.c.). With the availability of transformers
More informationEducation & Training
Distribution System Operator Certificate This program provides you with a proficient working knowledge in modern electric power distribution systems. These four classes are designed to walk students through
More information10. DISTURBANCE VOLTAGE WITHSTAND CAPABILITY
9. INTRODUCTION Control Cabling The protection and control equipment in power plants and substations is influenced by various of environmental conditions. One of the most significant environmental factor
More informationABSTRACTS of SESSION 6
ABSTRACTS of SESSION 6 Paper n 1 Lightning protection of overhead 35 kv lines by antenna-module long flashover arresters Abstract: A long-flashover arrester (LFA) of a new antenna-module type is suggested
More informationTRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
A Course Material on By Mr. S.VIJAY ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF SASURIE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING VIJAYAMANGALAM 638 056 1 QUALITY CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the e-course material Subject Code
More informationROEVER ENGINEERING COLLEGE ELAMBALUR, PERAMBALUR DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ROEVER ENGINEERING COLLEGE ELAMBALUR, PERAMBALUR 621 212 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EE1003 HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK UNIT-I OVER VOLTAGES IN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM
More informationDetermination of Optimal Account and Location of Series Compensation and SVS for an AC Transmission System
ISSN (e): 2250 3005 Vol, 04 Issue, 5 May 2014 International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) Determination of Optimal Account and Location of Series Compensation and SVS for an AC
More informationA Review Comprehension: Guideline for Testing of HV, EHV and UHV Substation Equipment
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) eissn: 23 0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 02 Feb 2017 www.irjet.net pissn: 072 A Review Comprehension: Guideline for Testing of HV, EHV and UHV
More information2 Grounding of power supply system neutral
2 Grounding of power supply system neutral 2.1 Introduction As we had seen in the previous chapter, grounding of supply system neutral fulfills two important functions. 1. It provides a reference for the
More informationEI HIGH VOLTAGE INSULATION TESTING POLICY
Network(s): Summary: ENGINEERING INSTRUCTION EI 09-0001 HIGH VOLTAGE INSULATION TESTING POLICY EPN, LPN, SPN This engineering instruction details the policy for the on-site insulation testing of new and
More informationG. KOEPPL Koeppl Power Experts Switzerland
PS3: Substation Design: New Solutions and Experiences Bus-Node Substation A Big Improvement in Short-Circuit and Switching Properties at Reduced Substation Costs G. KOEPPL Koeppl Power Experts Switzerland
More informationVSD cables in. Working with. industrial & automation applications
Cable Efficiency in Automation Connectivity Cabinet Control Working with VSD cables in industrial & automation applications Description of a VSD System A functional VSD system consists of at least three
More informationLevel 6 Graduate Diploma in Engineering Electrical Energy Systems
9210-114 Level 6 Graduate Diploma in Engineering Electrical Energy Systems Sample Paper You should have the following for this examination one answer book non-programmable calculator pen, pencil, ruler,
More informationGreat Northern Transmission Line: Behind the (Electrical) Design
Great Northern Transmission Line: Behind the (Electrical) Design November 8, 2017 Christian Winter, P.E. Minnesota Power Sivasis Panigrahi, P.E. POWER Engineers, Inc. What is the Great Northern Transmission
More informationCable Solutions for Servo and Variable Frequency Drives (VFD)
Cable Solutions for Servo and Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) Electric drive systems with continuous torque and speed control are widespread today. They allow an optimal adjustment of the drive with respect
More informationUtility System Lightning Protection
Utility System Lightning Protection Many power quality problems stem from lightning. Not only can the high-voltage impulses damage load equipment, but the temporary fault that follows a lightning strike
More informationMEDIUM & HIGH VOLTAGE
MEDIUM & HIGH VOLTAGE TESTING EQUIPMENT VOLTAGE WITHSTAND SGM Series Resonant Systems The SGM series are used for generating high AC voltages at a fixed frequency (mainly 50 or 60 Hz) by means of an excited
More informationHV AC TESTING OF SUPER-LONG CABLES
HV AC TESTING OF SUPER-LONG CABLES Stefan SCHIERIG, (Germany), schierig@highvolt.de Peter COORS, (Germany), coors@highvolt.de Wolfgang HAUSCHILD, IEC, CIGRE, (Germany), hauschild@highvolt.de ABSTRACT The
More informationMODERN COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF POWER SYSTEM GROUNDING
MODERN COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF POWER SYSTEM GROUNDING J. Ma and F. P. Dawalibi Safe Engineering Services & technologies ltd. 1544 Viel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3M 1G4 Tel.:
More informationThe Importance of the Neutral-Grounding Resistor. Presented by: Jeff Glenney, P.Eng. and Don Selkirk, E.I.T.
The Importance of the Neutral-Grounding Resistor Presented by: Jeff Glenney, P.Eng. and Don Selkirk, E.I.T. Presentation Preview What is high-resistance grounding (HRG)? What is the purpose of HRG? Why
More informationINTEGRATED TRANSMISSION PLAN Glossary
INTEGRATED TRANSMISSION PLAN Glossary SEPTEMBER 2017 GLOSSARY Term AC ACM asset health and asset health index (AHI) automatic underfrequency load shedding (AUFLS) availability bus cable capacitor bank
More informationECET 211 Electric Machines & Controls Lecture 3-1 (Part 1 of 2) Motor Transformers and Distribution Systems
ECET 211 Electric Machines & Controls Lecture 3-1 (Part 1 of 2) Motor Transformers and Distribution Systems Text Book: Electric Motors and Control Systems, by Frank D. Petruzella, published by McGraw Hill,
More informationTo Float or Not to Float? Analysis of a floating vs. grounded output Associated Power Technologies
To Float or Not to Float? Analysis of a floating vs. grounded output Associated Power Technologies Introduction In electrical circuits, voltage is always measured between two points: a point of high potential
More informationThe Impact of Connecting Distributed Generation to the Distribution System E. V. Mgaya, Z. Müller
The Impact of Connecting Distributed Generation to the Distribution System E. V. Mgaya, Z. Müller This paper deals with the general problem of utilizing of renewable energy sources to generate electric
More informationModeling insulation in high-voltage substations
38 ABB REVIEW DESIGNED FOR SAFETY DESIGNED FOR SAFETY Modeling insulation in high-voltage substations The goal of insulation coordination is to determine the dielectric strength of transformers and other
More informationELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION TRAINER
ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION TRAINER ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION TRAINER This training system has been designed to provide the students with a fully comprehensive knowledge in Electrical Power Engineering
More informationHVDC High Voltage Direct Current
HVDC High Voltage Direct Current Typical HVDC Station BACK TO BACK CONVERTER STATION MONO POLAR WITH GROUND RETURN PA Back to Back Converters indicates that the Rectifiers & Inverters are located in the
More informationGuidance for UK Fire and Rescue Services. Dealing with incidents on or near National Grid high voltage overhead lines
Guidance for UK Fire and Rescue Services Dealing with incidents on or near National Grid high voltage overhead lines This document offers guidance to the UK s Fire and Rescue Services for dealing with
More informationHigh voltage engineering
High voltage engineering Overvoltages power frequency switching surges lightning surges Overvoltage protection earth wires spark gaps surge arresters Insulation coordination Overvoltages power frequency
More informationISO Rules Part 500 Facilities Division 502 Technical Requirements Section Aggregated Generating Facilities Technical Requirements
Division 502 Technical Applicability 1(1) Section 502.1 applies to: Expedited Filing Draft August 22, 2017 the legal owner of an aggregated generating facility directly connected to the transmission system
More informationLecture 36 Measurements of High Voltages (cont) (Refer Slide Time: 00:14)
Advances in UHV Transmission and Distribution Prof. B Subba Reddy Department of High Voltage Engg (Electrical Engineering) Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Lecture 36 Measurements of High Voltages
More informationPower transformers. Shunt reactors Proven history for future success
Power transformers Shunt reactors Proven history for future success Shunt reactors an investment for today and for the future 2 Shunt reactors Improving power quality and reducing transmission costs Shunt
More informationNeed for grounding Codes and Standards for grounding Wind Turbine Generator grounding design Foundation + Horizontal Electrode grounding design
IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference 2008 Panel Session Large Wind Plant Collector Design Wind Farm Collector System Grounding by Steven W. Saylors, P.E. Chief Electrical Engineer Vestas Americas
More informationABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION
ELECTROMAGNETIC ANALYSIS OF WIND TURBINE GROUNDING SYSTEMS Maria Lorentzou*, Ian Cotton**, Nikos Hatziargyriou*, Nick Jenkins** * National Technical University of Athens, 42 Patission Street, 1682 Athens,
More information2 METHODOLOGY. The method of reactive power compensation, proposed in this research is suitable
2 METHODOLOGY 2.1 BASE LOAD REACTIVE POWER REQUIREMENT The method of reactive power compensation, proposed in this research is suitable to meet the base reactive power requirement of the network. The base
More informationEMC Philosophy applied to Design the Grounding Systems for Gas Insulation Switchgear (GIS) Indoor Substation
EMC Philosophy applied to Design the Grounding Systems for Gas Insulation Switchgear (GIS) Indoor Substation Marcos Telló Department of Electrical Engineering Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande
More informationSOLID-STATE TRANSFORMERS
SOLID-STATE TRANSFORMERS Mrs. K. S. Gadgil 1 1 Asst Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, AISSMS IOIT, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT Solid State Transformer (SST) has been regarded as one of the
More informationNew Comparison of HVDC and HVAC Transmission System
New Comparison of HVDC and HVAC Transmission System Ravi Khemchandani; Ashish Nipane Research Scholar in Dronacharya College of Engineering Gurgaon, India Email: hiteshkhanna98@yahoo.in ABSTRACT Alternating
More informationHigh Voltage DC Transmission Prof. Dr. S. N. Singh Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
High Voltage DC Transmission Prof. Dr. S. N. Singh Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Module No. # 01 Lecture No. # 03 So, in last two lectures, we saw the advantage
More informationModeling for the Calculation of Overvoltages Stressing the Electronic Equipment of High Voltage Substations due to Lightning
Modeling for the Calculation of Overvoltages Stressing the Electronic Equipment of High Voltage Substations due to Lightning M. PSALIDAS, D. AGORIS, E. PYRGIOTI, C. KARAGIAΝNOPOULOS High Voltage Laboratory,
More informationUnit 3 Magnetism...21 Introduction The Natural Magnet Magnetic Polarities Magnetic Compass...21
Chapter 1 Electrical Fundamentals Unit 1 Matter...3 Introduction...3 1.1 Matter...3 1.2 Atomic Theory...3 1.3 Law of Electrical Charges...4 1.4 Law of Atomic Charges...4 Negative Atomic Charge...4 Positive
More informationCompact Systems for HVDC Applications Dr. Denis Imamovic
13. Symposium Energieinnovation, 12. -14. February 2014, Graz Compact Systems for HVDC Applications Dr. Denis Imamovic Answers for energy. Agenda Main Drivers 3 Fault Clearing in HVDC Multi- Terminals
More informationWhen surge arres t ers are installed close to a power transformer, overvoltage TRANSFORMER IN GRID ABSTRACT KEYWORDS
TRANSFORMER IN GRID When surge arres t ers are installed close to a power transformer, they provide protection against lightning overvoltage ABSTRACT The aim of this research article is to determine the
More informationTrade of Electrician. Introduction to AC
Trade of Electrician Standards Based Apprenticeship Introduction to AC Phase 2 Module No. 2.1 Unit No. 2.1.9 COURSE NOTES Created by Gerry Ryan - Galway TC Revision 1. April 2000 by Gerry Ryan - Galway
More informationPreface...x Chapter 1 Electrical Fundamentals
Preface...x Chapter 1 Electrical Fundamentals Unit 1 Matter...3 Introduction...3 1.1 Matter...3 1.2 Atomic Theory...3 1.3 Law of Electrical Charges...4 1.4 Law of Atomic Charges...5 Negative Atomic Charge...5
More informationPower Quality and Reliablity Centre
Technical Note No. 8 April 2005 Power Quality and Reliablity Centre TRANSIENT OVERVOLTAGES ON THE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY NETWORK CLASSIFICATION, CAUSES AND PROPAGATION This Technical Note presents an overview
More informationImpact of Distributed Generation on Network Voltage Levels
EEE8052 Distributed Generation Taster Material Impact of Distributed Generation on Network Voltage Levels Steady-state rise in network voltage levels Existing practice is to control distribution voltage
More informationEET 3390 COURSE OVERVIEW
EET 3390 COURSE OVERVIEW The Power System The power network consists of several stages: 1. Power must be generated 2. Transformation (voltage must be stepped up for transmission ) 3. Transmitting power
More informationIndustrial and Commercial Power Systems Topic 7 EARTHING
The University of New South Wales School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Topic 7 EARTHING 1 INTRODUCTION Advantages of earthing (grounding): Limitation
More information