Wireless Sensor Network Coverage Optimization Based on Fruit Fly Algorithm

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Wireless Sensor Network Coverage Optimization Based on Fruit Fly Algorithm"

Transcription

1 Wreless Sensor Network Coverage Optmzaton Based on Frut Fly Algorthm Ren Song!! ", Zhchao Xu, Yang Lu Jln Unversty of Fnance and Economcs, Jln, Chna Abstract To solve the defect of tradtonal node deployment strategy, the mproved frut fly algorthm was combned wth wreless sensor network. The optmzaton of network coverage was mplemented. Based on a new type of ntellgent algorthm, the change step of frut fly optmzaton algorthm (CSFOA) was proposed. At the same tme, the mathematcal modelng of two network models was carred out respectvely. The grd coverage model was used. The network coverage and redundancy were transformed nto correspondng mathematcal varables by means of grd partton. Among them, the maxmum effectve radus of sensor nodes was fxed n moble node wreless sensor network. The locaton of nodes was randomly cast. The locaton of sensor nodes was placed n fxed poston nodes. The effectve radus of nodes can be changed dynamcally. Fnally, combned wth the correspondng network model, the mproved algorthm was appled to wreless sensor network. The combnaton of the optmal soluton of the node poston and the perceptual radus was found through the algorthm. The maxmum network coverage was acheved. The two models were smulated and verfed. The results showed that the mproved algorthm was effectve and superor to the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks. Keywords wreless sensor networks; coverage optmzaton; sensor nodes 1 Introducton In recent years, the Internet of Thngs, cloud computng and bg data have developed rapdly. The Internet of thngs s the key technology of the nformaton nteracton between the future realty and the vrtual. It s also the key research drecton to realze the "nformaton socety". The Internet of Thngs manly has three communcaton sensng technologes, namely, ntellgent sensng, dentfcaton technology and pervasve computng. Internet of Thngs technology s wdely used n nformaton processng, n order to acheve a complete ntegraton of the physcal world and the nformaton world. As a core technology of Internet of Thngs, Wreless Sensor Network (WSN) s attractng much attenton. The wreless sensor has three functons, such as nformaton collecton, processng and transmsson. They correspond to the three modern basc nformaton technologes, namely, sensor technology, computer 58

2 technology and communcaton technology. They consttute the "sensory", "bran", and "nerve" of the nformaton technology system. As a new technology, wreless sensor network s wdely used n mltary feld, agrcultural producton, ecologcal montorng and dsaster warnng, nfrastructure status detecton, ndustral feld, ntellgent transportaton, medcal system and smart home. However, because the workng envronment of WSN s so bad that most of them can't deploy sensor nodes n the feld, they can only deploy nodes n large-scale random delvery mode, whch causes many urgent problems. For example, the acquston of wreless sensor networks, processng and transmsson of hgh-qualty sgnals and the constructon of sensor node hardware platform need to be studed. One of the key problems of sensor networks s the deployment optmzaton of nodes. The mprovement of network coverage, the reducton of network energy consumpton and the smplfcaton of network model are the bass of the development of wreless sensor technology. 2 Lterature revew Cheng and others as stated n [1] desgned a delay-aware data collecton network structure for wreless sensor networks. In addton, Sun and others proposed as stated n [2] a cooperatve communcaton for wreless ad hoc and sensor networks. Wreless sensor network s a dstrbuted sensor wreless ad hoc network. The end of the WSN node can perceve and nspect the sensors of the external world. L and Ln as stated n [3] desgned a smart home control system based on wreless sensor networks. Luo and others as stated n [4] appled the opportunstc routng algorthm for relay node se-lecton n wreless sensor networks. Rezvan and others as stated n [5] studed the data aggregaton technque for wreless sensor networks. Srbnovska and others, as stated n [6], proposed envronmental parameters montorng, whch used wreless sensor networks. Shu and others as stated n [7] optmzed the transmt power-tme and bt energy effcency based on cdma wreless sensor networks. Youns and others as stated n [8] dscussed the node clusterng n wreless sensor networks. Yao and others as stated n [9] proposed an energy-effcent and lfetme-balancng data collecton protocol for wreless sensor networks. Zhao and others as stated n [10] desgned a moble data gatherng wth load balanced clusterng and dual data uploadng n wreless sensor networks. By deployng sensors, the nformaton n the montorng area s collected n real tme and processed wth a processng unt. Then, these data are sent to the remote network control center. The locaton of the node can be fxed and removable, and the sensor nodes can be wred or wrelessly connected to the Internet. Wreless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of many sensor nodes deployed n the montorng area. There are three man elements n the network: sensor, percevng object and observer structure. In summary, the exstng research manly stays n the range of sensor coverage, but the problem of path optmzaton and localzaton precson has not been further nvolved. In vew of network coverage optmzaton, the change step of frut fly optmjoe Vol. 14, No. 6,

3 zaton algorthm s desgned based on the frut fly algorthm. Ths method makes up for the shortcomngs of current research on network coverage. It s noted that the new method s effectve and superor to the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks. 3 Methodology 3.1 Wreless sensor network Wreless sensor network s a dstrbuted sensor wreless ad hoc network. The end of the WSN node can perceve and nspect the sensors of the external world. By deployng sensors, the nformaton n the montorng area s collected n real tme and processed wth a processng unt. Then, these data are sent to the remote network control center. The locaton of the node can be fxed and removable, and the sensor nodes can be wred or wrelessly connected to the Internet. Wreless sensor networks (WSN) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes deployed n the montorng area. There are three man elements n the network: sensor, percevng object and observer structure. By percevng, collectng, and processng the nformaton of the percevng object, t s fnally sent to the observer. The structure of the wreless sensor s shown n Fgure 1. Cloud computon Integraton node Internet or satellte Management node Fg. 1. Structure dagram of wreless sensor network In dfferent applcatons, the composton of the sensor nodes s dfferent. However, they are usually made up of 4 parts: the percepton module, the communcaton module, the processor module and the energy supply module. The structure of the node functon of the wreless sensor network s shown n Fgure 2. Percepton module GPS Moble system Communcaton module Sensor A/D Processor Transcever Memory Processor module Energy supply module Fg. 2. The structure of the node functon of the wreless sensor network 60

4 From the horzontal drecton, each part s the management unt of the network. From the vertcal drecton, each part s composed of the communcaton protocol layer of the network. Accordng to the dfference of functon, the communcaton protocol layer can be dvded nto fve layers: physcal layer, data lnk layer, network layer, transmsson layer and applcaton layer. The network management unt s dvded nto three aspects accordng to ts functon: energy management, moblty management and task management. The network system structure of sensor communcaton s shown n Fgure 3. Applcaton layer Transmsson layer Network layer Data lnk layer Physcal layer Fg. 3. The network system structure of sensor communcaton Large scale: A large number of accurate data are collected n the montorng target area, so the wreless sensor network wll deploy sensor nodes on a large scale. The scale of WSN s reflected n two parts: one s the large target montorng area of WSN; the other s the hgh densty of sensor nodes n the target montorng area. Wreless sensor networks (WSN) use a large number of sensor nodes to cooperate to mprove the network communcaton and the qualty of servce. Self-organzaton: In the use of wreless sensor networks, the locaton of the ntal sensor nodes s generally not accurate. The structure between adjacent nodes s also uncertan. Therefore, the self-organzng ablty of the sensor nodes s very mportant. It can automatcally set and control the network. In addton, the cover vod caused by the falure node needs to be remeded to ncrease the sgnal precson n the montorng area. The topology of the network wll also change. The self - organzng ablty of the network ensures that the structure can cope wth these changes. Dynamc: The deployment of wreless sensor network s unpredctable, such as sensor node falure or scrappng, communcaton lnk structure change, WSN three elements (sensor, percevng object and observer) locaton change, new node jonng. Ths requres that the wreless sensor network can restructure the network topology n tme and realze the dynamc change of the network. JOE Vol. 14, No. 6,

5 Coverage performance: The coverage performance of wreless sensor networks s related to the dstrbuton mode and number of sensor nodes and the energy consumpton of the nodes. The mplementaton of target montorng area coverage, the optmal node dstrbuton mode selecton, the optmal number of nodes and the reducton of node energy consumpton are the key to the research of wreless sensor network coverage performance. Connectvty performance: In wreless sensor networks, the workng ablty of a sngle node s very small, and the performance of the percepton range and network communcaton s very poor. On the premse of satsfyng percepton and coverage, wreless sensor networks should also guarantee the connectvty of wreless sensor networks. Connectvty and coverage are the bass for the normal operaton of wreless sensor networks. The lfe tme of the network: The rated power of wreless sensor nodes s usually not hgh. The workng envronment of the node s usually very bad, and t s dffcult to mantan the node. Therefore, the survval of a sngle node wll affect the smooth operaton of the entre network. By mprovng the energy utlzaton of each node, the whole network lfe tme can be extended effectvely. Energy balance: Energy consumpton s one of the most nfluental factors for the desgn and mplementaton of wreless sensor networks. The energy consumpton of each node s dfferent because of the dfferent workng modes of each node. Some nodes wth hgher frequency can be easly damaged, whch makes the network coverage and the qualty of work rapdly declne. Therefore, t s a key problem to ensure the energy balance of each node. Fault tolerance and adaptablty: The workng envronment of wreless sensor networks s generally very bad. It s often nfeasble to mantan or replace a node. Therefore, the network needs strong fault tolerance and self-adaptablty. It can automatcally manage and repar the network through automatc adjustment, and mprove the qualty of servce of the network. The complexty of the algorthm: The wreless sensor network node s a small embedded system module. The computng power and storage space are very lmted. The complexty of the coverage control algorthm must be taken nto account. Too complex algorthm wll brng the network slow speed, storage space and other dsadvantages. Therefore, the complexty of the algorthm s also a key problem that must be consdered when desgnng the network. 3.2 Frut fly algorthm The ntellgent optmzaton algorthm has the global optmzaton performance. It s sutable for parallel processng. The algorthm generally has a strct theoretcal bass. In theory, the optmal soluton or approxmate optmal soluton can be found n a certan tme. Optmzaton algorthm has many calculaton modes, such as genetc algorthm, frut fly algorthm, partcle swarm algorthm, leapfrog algorthm, frefly algorthm and so on. In solvng complex problems, a varety of computng modes can be mxed to maxmze computng power. 62

6 Frut fly optmzaton algorthm (FOA) s a new type of ntellgent optmzaton algorthm researched and developed by Pan Wenchao n It has good global optmzaton performance and can solve many optmzaton problems. Frut fly has sensory awareness superor to other organsms, especally vsual and olfactory. Dependng on the sense of smell, frut fles are well aware of varous odorous molecules n the ar and can even smell food tens of klometers away. At the same tme, wth keen eyesght, t gathers wth other frut fles. Frut fly algorthm s to mtate the foragng process of frut fles and put forward a new type of ntellgent optmzaton algorthm. The frut fly algorthm s less computatonally ntensve, the runnng tme s short, the algorthm complexty s low, and the optmzaton precson s hgh. However, the tme of the frut fly algorthm s short, the algorthm theory and method are not mature, so the algorthm has a lot of defects. The stablty of the frut fly algorthm s not hgh, and t s very easy to fall nto the local optmal. In the later perod, the convergence precson s reduced and the convergence speed s slowed down. These are the contents and mprovements that need to be studed when usng the frut fly algorthm. 3.3 Change the Step of FOA Accordng to the ntroducton of the frut fly algorthm n the last secton, t can be seen that the frut fly algorthm has many advantages over other swarm ntellgence algorthms. However, the frut fly algorthm also has a large defect. The frut fly ndvdual terates from the same startng pont each tme n the frut fly algorthm. Then, the search s carred out n the random drecton, and the random number n the fxed nterval [! H, H ] s searched. When H s large, the algorthm has strong global search ablty and fast convergence speed, but the local search ablty of the algorthm s low, and the convergence accuracy s not enough. On the contrary, f the H s smaller, the local search ablty s stronger. The global search capablty s low. It leads to the slow convergence of the algorthm. Moreover, the algorthm s searched n the area, and the convergence result s easy to fall nto the local optmal error soluton centralzaton. In vew of the above lmtatons, the change step of frut fly optmzaton algorthm (CSFOA) proposed n ths paper dvdes the search nto several cycles. If 50 teratons are taken to a perod of T, the step length n each cycle s changed n the form of Sn (x), whch s as follows: X = X _) xs + (2 & rand () ( 1) & H ) = mod(, T ) '[1, Maxgen] H $! L & (sn( ) + 1) = # L H > L!" ) H % L (1) Among them, L s the algorthm for searchng nterval length, T s the number of teratons of unt cycle, and mod(, T) s the rest of teraton relatve to T. As can be seen from the formula (1), CSFOA frst dvdes the whole search process nto sevjoe Vol. 14, No. 6,

7 eral cycles, whch can ncrease the dversty of the search process. The algorthm can effectvely jump out of local convergence and greatly reduce the possblty of local convergence. Then, CSFOA uses the Sn (x) functon wthn each cycle to make the step change n the unt cycle T. When Sn (x) s ncreasng monotonously, the step length exponentally ncreases. The algorthm has a strong global search ablty and can acheve fast convergence. The convergence result s not easy to fall nto the local optmal. At the same tme, the ncrease of the step length can solve the possble local convergence problem of Sn (x) n the last monotone decreasng nterval. In the Sn (x) monotoncally decreasng nterval, the step length exponental type decreases, whch enables the algorthm to complete a hgh precson search n a small range. The result has better convergence effect. The CSFOA process s shown n Fgure 4. Start Set parameter Intaton locaton Calculate the teraton remander Calculate steps Compare length Y Move locaton N Fnd ndvdual Update locaton N Determne teratons number Y Output data End Fg. 4. The CSFOA process 64

8 4 Result Analyss and Dscusson 4.1 Node model of wreless sensor network a * b, the regon a * b recevng pont, and the locaton of each recevng pont s a, b. N sensor nodes are randomly deployed n the target area, and The grd coverage model s used. In a two-dmensonal regon of s dspersed nto expressed as ) ( the rated effectve radus of the node s R. Each node sends ts own poston to the Snk node and completes the optmzaton operaton by the Snk node. Each group of sensor nodes can be expressed as: W = w, w,..., w, w ) (2) ( 1 2 N as: The dstance between the node w and the recevng pont a, b ) s expressed ( k k d! 2 2, k ( x! ak ) + ( y bk ) = (3) The probablty of recevng pont a, b ) to the node w sgnal s expressed as: ( k k P, k $! 1 = #!" 0 d, k d, k % R > R (4) The probablty that the recever a, b ) can receve the number one sent by ths group of nodes s expressed as: ( k k P a, b ) = 1"!(1 " P ) (5) ( k k,k Fnally, the sgnal coverage rate of the transmtter W to the regon s expressed as: G W! P( ak " bk ) a * b = (6) 4.2 Optmzaton of wreless sensor network coverage for moble nodes The research of wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton s a hot topc at present. Through the study of the coverage optmzaton, the network coverage, energy consumpton and network lfe and stablty can be mproved effectvely. At present, the commonly used algorthms nclude vrtual force algorthm (VFA), partcle JOE Vol. 14, No. 6,

9 swarm optmzaton (PSO), frog leapng algorthm (SFLA) and frefly algorthm (FA). However, these algorthms have some drawbacks n wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton. They are not well ntegrated wth coverage optmzaton models. For example, the structure of partcle swarm optmzaton (PSO) s too complex, whch results n too slow computng speed and too poor real-tme performance. Frog jumpng algorthm performance s poor. The fnal coverage s not satsfactory. It does not meet the user's servce requrements. Some algorthms have many parameters, leadng to the network model s too complcated. In response to these problems, CSFOA s used to avod these drawbacks. It effectvely solves the wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton problem of moble nodes. The flow chart of the coverage algorthm of the moble node based on CSFOA s shown n Fgure 5. Start Intaton parameter Intaton locaton Update locaton functon Determne the step sze Fnd the maxmum N Determne locaton Y Record data Determne teratons number N Y Output data End Fg. 5. The flow chart of the coverage algorthm of the moble node based on CSFOA 66

10 In order to verfy the superorty of CSFOA n the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks n moble nodes, under the condton that the number of teratons s 200, the coverage area s 50 m * 50m and the nomnal effectve radus of node s 5 m, fve algorthms, namely, CSFOA, mproved vrtual force partcle swarm optmzaton (VFPSO), mproved bat algorthm (BA), mproved chaos fsh algorthm and DS-FOA, are used to smulate wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton. The average of the results of 50 experments s taken as the fnal result. The fnal results are shown n Table 1 (set the theoretcal coverage s 1). Table 1. Comparson of algorthm coverage Coverage algorthm Coverage rate (%) CSFOA DS-FOA Improved VFPSO Improved BA Improved fsh swarm algorthm 96.3 As can be seen from Table 1, under the same crcumstances, compared wth other mproved algorthms, the CSFOA has the hghest network coverage, and the theoretcal coverage s 98.24%. Compared wth DS-FOA, mproved VFPSO, mproved BA and mproved fsh algorthm, the CSFOA algorthm ncreased by 2.7%, 0.23%, 8.98% and 1.94% respectvely. Because CSFOA s closely ntegrated wth the hgh performance of wreless sensor network model and algorthm, t has better effect on the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks n moble nodes. Through the data dsplay and analyss of smulaton experments, t can be seen that CSFOA has good performance (convergence accuracy and convergence speed) n the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks for moble nodes. Compared wth other mproved ntellgent optmzaton algorthms, the proposed algorthm can better ntegrate the network model. It has better results and the process s more stable. The network coverage s hgher. Therefore, t s more sutable for moble node wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton. 4.3 Optmzaton of wreless sensor network coverage for fxed poston nodes In addton to the model of the moble node descrbed n the prevous secton, the wreless sensor network coverage model also has a fxed poston node model. At present, many scholars have done a thorough research on the problem of wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton for fxed poston nodes. In a wreless sensor network model wth fxed locaton nodes, a large number of sensor nodes are randomly deployed n the montorng area. After deployment, the locaton of nodes wll not change. There are many problems n ths model. For example, a large number of nodes are redundant, resultng n low utlzaton of nodes and rregular coverage of nodes. The coverage s not enough. The energy consumpton of the nodes s fxed, whch leads to the hgh energy consumpton of the whole network and so on. From JOE Vol. 14, No. 6,

11 the current research, redundant nodes n the coverage model are elmnated by grd coverage and coverage radus nodes. However, the tradtonal algorthm has such problems as hgh complexty or low convergence accuracy. It cannot acheve deal results n coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks wth fxed locaton nodes. In vew of the above problems, the CSFOA algorthm s used to solve the dynamc radus plannng of fxed poston nodes, and the optmzaton of network coverage s realzed. The smulaton experment shows the superorty and effectveness of the CSFOA algorthm n the wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton of fxed poston nodes. Fgure 6 s a comparson of two mproved Drosophla algorthms for DS-FOA and CSFOA n wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton at fxed locaton nodes. It can be seen that after 500 teratons, two algorthms acheve hgh accuracy, and two algorthms have fast convergence speed. Compared wth DS-FOA, CSFOA can better combne the wreless sensor network model wth fxed poston nodes. It has better optmzaton performance. In the frst 50 teratons, CSFOA can quckly acheve hgh precson convergence. In the teratve process, the algorthm can jump out of the local optmal by self-correcton, and further mprove the accuracy and acheve better results. After the 500 teratons, the result of CSFOA s much more accurate than that of DS-FOA. The two knds of frut fly algorthms are compared as shown n Fgure 6. Network consumpton(10 5 ) DS-FOA CSFOA The number of teratons Fg. 6. Comparson of two knds of frut fly algorthms By analyzng the data of the smulaton experment, CSFOA also has good performance on the wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton problem of fxed poston nodes. Whle guaranteeng the coverage of wreless sensor networks, the energy consumpton of the network can be greatly reduced. Compared wth other mproved ntellgent optmzaton algorthms for coverage optmzaton problems n fxed locaton nodes, ths algorthm can better ntegrate network models. It has a better soluton and a smpler soluton process. Fnally, t gets hgh network coverage (generally, t s 100%). A large number of redundant sensor nodes have been elmnated and the energy consumpton of the network s reduced. It s more sutable for wreless sensor network coverage optmzaton of fxed poston nodes. 68

12 5 Conclusons Based on a new type of ntellgent algorthm, the change step of frut fly optmzaton algorthm (CSFOA) s proposed. At the same tme, the mathematcal modelng of two network models s carred out respectvely. Fnally, combned wth the correspondng network model, the mproved algorthm s appled to wreless sensor network. The results show that the mproved algorthm s effectve and superor to the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks. The specfc performance s as follows: Frst, the mproved frut fly algorthm s combned wth two coverage models of wreless sensor networks. Through the comparson test, t s proved that the soluton of ths paper s better than the prevous soluton. Second, based on the foragng behavor of frut fles, the frut fly optmzaton algorthm was proposed. Frut fles have a senstve sense of smell and vson. It can quckly and accurately fnd the food locaton. Therefore, the FOA algorthm has the characterstcs of less parameters, faster convergence rate and hgher accuracy. Thrd, the frut fly optmzaton algorthm has many advantages, there are some obvous drawbacks. For example, the algorthm tends to fall nto the local optmal convergence. The step sze of the algorthm wll have a great nfluence on the optmzaton effcency and the result. Fnally, based on the Drosophla algorthm, the change step of frut fly optmzaton algorthm (CSFOA) s proposed. At the same tme, CSFOA algorthm s appled to the coverage optmzaton problem of wreless sensor network. Through a seres of smulaton experments, the effectveness and superorty of CSFOA on the coverage optmzaton of wreless sensor networks s verfed. The optmzaton of wreless sensor network coverage s realzed. 6 Acknowledgement Ths paper s supportted by Project of the Educaton Department of Jln Provnce, "13th Fve-Year" scence and technology project "n fnance and Economcs Colleges Constructon of cross platform ntegrated smulaton tranng" (contract number: JJKH KJ). 7 References [1] Cheng, C. T., Ch, K. T., & Lau, F. C. M. A delay-aware data collecton network structure for wreless sensor networks. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2017, vol. 11(3), pp [2] Sun, Y., Zhang, S., Xu, H., & Ln, S. Cooperatve communcatons for wreless ad hoc and sensor networks n Internatonal Journal of Dstrbuted Sensor Networks, 2014, vol. 1, pp JOE Vol. 14, No. 6,

13 [3] L, M., & Ln, H. J. Desgn and mplementaton of smart home control systems based on wreless sensor networks and power lne communcatons. IEEE Transactons on Industral Electroncs, 2015, vol. 62(7), pp [4] Luo, J., Hu, J., Wu, D., & L, R. Opportunstc routng algorthm for relay node selecton n wreless sensor networks. IEEE Transactons on Industral Informatcs, 2017, vol. 11(1), pp [5] Rezvan, M., Ignjatovc, A., Bertno, E., & Jha, S. Secure data aggregaton technque for wreless sensor networks n the presence of colluson attacks. Dependable & Secure Computng IEEE Transactons on, 2015, vol. 12(1), pp [6] Cheng, C. T., Ch, K. T., & Lau, F. C. M. A delay-aware data collecton network structure for wreless sensor networks. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2017, vol. 11(3), pp [7] Ruela, A. S., Cabral, R. D. S., Aquno, A. L. L., & Gumarães, F. G. Memetc and evolutonary desgn of wreless sensor networks based on complex network characterstcs, 2017, vol. 1(2), pp [8] Youns, O., Krunz, M., & Ramasubramanan, S. Node clusterng n wreless sensor networks: recent developments and deployment challenges. Network IEEE, 2015, vol. 20(3), pp [9] Yao, Y., Cao, Q., & Vaslakos, A. V. Edal: an energy-effcent, delay-aware, and lfetmebalancng data collecton protocol for wreless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Transactons on Networkng, 2015, vol. 23(3), pp [10] Clment, S., Sanchez, A., Blanc, S., Capella, J. V., & Ors, R. Wreless sensor network wth energy harvestng: modelng and smulaton based on a practcal archtecture usng real radaton levels. Concurrency & Computaton Practce & Experence, 2016, vol. 28(6), pp Authors Ren Song, Zhchao Xu, and Yang Lu are wth Jln Unversty of Fnance and Economcs, Jln, Chna. Artcle submtted 12 January Resubmtted 23 February Fnal acceptance 15 March Fnal verson publshed as submtted by the authors. 70

A New Type of Weighted DV-Hop Algorithm Based on Correction Factor in WSNs

A New Type of Weighted DV-Hop Algorithm Based on Correction Factor in WSNs Journal of Communcatons Vol. 9, No. 9, September 2014 A New Type of Weghted DV-Hop Algorthm Based on Correcton Factor n WSNs Yng Wang, Zhy Fang, and Ln Chen Department of Computer scence and technology,

More information

Research of Dispatching Method in Elevator Group Control System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network. Yufeng Dai a, Yun Du b

Research of Dispatching Method in Elevator Group Control System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network. Yufeng Dai a, Yun Du b 2nd Internatonal Conference on Computer Engneerng, Informaton Scence & Applcaton Technology (ICCIA 207) Research of Dspatchng Method n Elevator Group Control System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network Yufeng

More information

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016, 8(4): Research Article

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016, 8(4): Research Article Avalable onlne www.ocpr.com Journal of Chemcal and Pharmaceutcal Research, 2016, 8(4):788-793 Research Artcle ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Vrtual Force Coverage Enhancement Optmzaton Algorthm Based

More information

Calculation of the received voltage due to the radiation from multiple co-frequency sources

Calculation of the received voltage due to the radiation from multiple co-frequency sources Rec. ITU-R SM.1271-0 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R SM.1271-0 * EFFICIENT SPECTRUM UTILIZATION USING PROBABILISTIC METHODS Rec. ITU-R SM.1271 (1997) The ITU Radocommuncaton Assembly, consderng a) that communcatons

More information

Topology Control for C-RAN Architecture Based on Complex Network

Topology Control for C-RAN Architecture Based on Complex Network Topology Control for C-RAN Archtecture Based on Complex Network Zhanun Lu, Yung He, Yunpeng L, Zhaoy L, Ka Dng Chongqng key laboratory of moble communcatons technology Chongqng unversty of post and telecommuncaton

More information

High Speed, Low Power And Area Efficient Carry-Select Adder

High Speed, Low Power And Area Efficient Carry-Select Adder Internatonal Journal of Scence, Engneerng and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2016 Hgh Speed, Low Power And Area Effcent Carry-Select Adder Nelant Harsh M.tech.VLSI Desgn Electroncs

More information

A Three-Dimensional Network Coverage Optimization Algorithm in Healthcare System

A Three-Dimensional Network Coverage Optimization Algorithm in Healthcare System 204 IEEE 6th Internatonal Conference on e-health Networkng, Applcatons and Servces (Healthcom) A Three-Dmensonal Network Coverage Optmzaton Algorthm n Healthcare System Xaoshuang Lu, Guxa Kang, Nngbo Zhang,

More information

Utility-based Routing

Utility-based Routing Utlty-based Routng Je Wu Dept. of Computer and Informaton Scences Temple Unversty Roadmap Introducton Why Another Routng Scheme Utlty-Based Routng Implementatons Extensons Some Fnal Thoughts 2 . Introducton

More information

Open Access Node Localization Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Hybrid Optimization of Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Algorithm

Open Access Node Localization Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Hybrid Optimization of Differential Evolution and Particle Swarm Algorithm Send Orders for Reprnts to reprnts@benthamscence.ae The Open Automaton and Control Systems Journal, 014, 6, 61-68 61 Open Access Node Localzaton Method for Wreless Sensor Networks Based on Hybrd Optmzaton

More information

Performance Analysis of Multi User MIMO System with Block-Diagonalization Precoding Scheme

Performance Analysis of Multi User MIMO System with Block-Diagonalization Precoding Scheme Performance Analyss of Mult User MIMO System wth Block-Dagonalzaton Precodng Scheme Yoon Hyun m and Jn Young m, wanwoon Unversty, Department of Electroncs Convergence Engneerng, Wolgye-Dong, Nowon-Gu,

More information

Coverage Maximization in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Utilizing Immune Node Deployment Algorithm

Coverage Maximization in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Utilizing Immune Node Deployment Algorithm CCECE 2014 1569888203 Coverage Maxmzaton n Moble Wreless Sensor Networs Utlzng Immune Node Deployment Algorthm Mohammed Abo-Zahhad, Sabah M. Ahmed and Nabl Sabor Electrcal and Electroncs Engneerng Department

More information

Movement - Assisted Sensor Deployment

Movement - Assisted Sensor Deployment Intro Self Deploy Vrtual Movement Performance Concluson Movement - Asssted Sensor Deployment G. Wang, G. Cao, T. La Porta Dego Cammarano Laurea Magstrale n Informatca Facoltà d Ingegnera dell Informazone,

More information

Efficient Large Integers Arithmetic by Adopting Squaring and Complement Recoding Techniques

Efficient Large Integers Arithmetic by Adopting Squaring and Complement Recoding Techniques The th Worshop on Combnatoral Mathematcs and Computaton Theory Effcent Large Integers Arthmetc by Adoptng Squarng and Complement Recodng Technques Cha-Long Wu*, Der-Chyuan Lou, and Te-Jen Chang *Department

More information

An efficient cluster-based power saving scheme for wireless sensor networks

An efficient cluster-based power saving scheme for wireless sensor networks RESEARCH Open Access An effcent cluster-based power savng scheme for wreless sensor networks Jau-Yang Chang * and Pe-Hao Ju Abstract In ths artcle, effcent power savng scheme and correspondng algorthm

More information

熊本大学学術リポジトリ. Kumamoto University Repositor

熊本大学学術リポジトリ. Kumamoto University Repositor 熊本大学学術リポジトリ Kumamoto Unversty Repostor Ttle Wreless LAN Based Indoor Poston and Its Smulaton Author(s) Ktasuka, Teruak; Nakansh, Tsune CtatonIEEE Pacfc RIM Conference on Comm Computers, and Sgnal Processng

More information

Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems Using a Modified TS Algorithm

Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems Using a Modified TS Algorithm Network Reconfguraton n Dstrbuton Systems Usng a Modfed TS Algorthm ZHANG DONG,FU ZHENGCAI,ZHANG LIUCHUN,SONG ZHENGQIANG School of Electroncs, Informaton and Electrcal Engneerng Shangha Jaotong Unversty

More information

Comparative Analysis of Reuse 1 and 3 in Cellular Network Based On SIR Distribution and Rate

Comparative Analysis of Reuse 1 and 3 in Cellular Network Based On SIR Distribution and Rate Comparatve Analyss of Reuse and 3 n ular Network Based On IR Dstrbuton and Rate Chandra Thapa M.Tech. II, DEC V College of Engneerng & Technology R.V.. Nagar, Chttoor-5727, A.P. Inda Emal: chandra2thapa@gmal.com

More information

Micro-grid Inverter Parallel Droop Control Method for Improving Dynamic Properties and the Effect of Power Sharing

Micro-grid Inverter Parallel Droop Control Method for Improving Dynamic Properties and the Effect of Power Sharing 2015 AASRI Internatonal Conference on Industral Electroncs and Applcatons (IEA 2015) Mcro-grd Inverter Parallel Droop Control Method for Improvng Dynamc Propertes and the Effect of Power Sharng aohong

More information

Research on Peak-detection Algorithm for High-precision Demodulation System of Fiber Bragg Grating

Research on Peak-detection Algorithm for High-precision Demodulation System of Fiber Bragg Grating , pp. 337-344 http://dx.do.org/10.1457/jht.014.7.6.9 Research on Peak-detecton Algorthm for Hgh-precson Demodulaton System of Fber ragg Gratng Peng Wang 1, *, Xu Han 1, Smn Guan 1, Hong Zhao and Mngle

More information

sensors ISSN by MDPI

sensors ISSN by MDPI Sensors 2007, 7, 628-648 Full Paper sensors ISSN 1424-8220 2007 by MDPI www.mdp.org/sensors Dstrbuted Partcle Swarm Optmzaton and Smulated Annealng for Energy-effcent Coverage n Wreless Sensor Networks

More information

A Novel Optimization of the Distance Source Routing (DSR) Protocol for the Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET)

A Novel Optimization of the Distance Source Routing (DSR) Protocol for the Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) A Novel Optmzaton of the Dstance Source Routng (DSR) Protocol for the Moble Ad Hoc Networs (MANET) Syed S. Rzv 1, Majd A. Jafr, and Khaled Ellethy Computer Scence and Engneerng Department Unversty of Brdgeport

More information

Intelligent Wakening Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Surveillance

Intelligent Wakening Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Surveillance The Frst Internatonal Workshop on Cyber-Physcal Networkng Systems Intellgent Wakenng Scheme for Wreless Sensor Networks Survellance Ru Wang, Le Zhang, L Cu Insttute of Computng Technology of the Chnese

More information

Research on Controller of Micro-hydro Power System Nan XIE 1,a, Dezhi QI 2,b,Weimin CHEN 2,c, Wei WANG 2,d

Research on Controller of Micro-hydro Power System Nan XIE 1,a, Dezhi QI 2,b,Weimin CHEN 2,c, Wei WANG 2,d Advanced Materals Research Submtted: 2014-05-13 ISSN: 1662-8985, Vols. 986-987, pp 1121-1124 Accepted: 2014-05-19 do:10.4028/www.scentfc.net/amr.986-987.1121 Onlne: 2014-07-18 2014 Trans Tech Publcatons,

More information

Time-frequency Analysis Based State Diagnosis of Transformers Windings under the Short-Circuit Shock

Time-frequency Analysis Based State Diagnosis of Transformers Windings under the Short-Circuit Shock Tme-frequency Analyss Based State Dagnoss of Transformers Wndngs under the Short-Crcut Shock YUYING SHAO, ZHUSHI RAO School of Mechancal Engneerng ZHIJIAN JIN Hgh Voltage Lab Shangha Jao Tong Unversty

More information

MTBF PREDICTION REPORT

MTBF PREDICTION REPORT MTBF PREDICTION REPORT PRODUCT NAME: BLE112-A-V2 Issued date: 01-23-2015 Rev:1.0 Copyrght@2015 Bluegga Technologes. All rghts reserved. 1 MTBF PREDICTION REPORT... 1 PRODUCT NAME: BLE112-A-V2... 1 1.0

More information

Fast and Efficient Data Forwarding Scheme for Tracking Mobile Targets in Sensor Networks

Fast and Efficient Data Forwarding Scheme for Tracking Mobile Targets in Sensor Networks Artcle Fast and Effcent Data Forwardng Scheme for Trackng Moble Targets n Sensor etworks M Zhou 1, Mng Zhao, Anfeng Lu 1, *, Mng Ma 3, Tang Wang 4 and Changqn Huang 5 1 School of Informaton Scence and

More information

NETWORK 2001 Transportation Planning Under Multiple Objectives

NETWORK 2001 Transportation Planning Under Multiple Objectives NETWORK 200 Transportaton Plannng Under Multple Objectves Woodam Chung Graduate Research Assstant, Department of Forest Engneerng, Oregon State Unversty, Corvalls, OR9733, Tel: (54) 737-4952, Fax: (54)

More information

A study of turbo codes for multilevel modulations in Gaussian and mobile channels

A study of turbo codes for multilevel modulations in Gaussian and mobile channels A study of turbo codes for multlevel modulatons n Gaussan and moble channels Lamne Sylla and Paul Forter (sylla, forter)@gel.ulaval.ca Department of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Laval Unversty, Ste-Foy,

More information

Resource Allocation Optimization for Device-to- Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks

Resource Allocation Optimization for Device-to- Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks Resource Allocaton Optmzaton for Devce-to- Devce Communcaton Underlayng Cellular Networks Bn Wang, L Chen, Xaohang Chen, Xn Zhang, and Dacheng Yang Wreless Theores and Technologes (WT&T) Bejng Unversty

More information

To: Professor Avitabile Date: February 4, 2003 From: Mechanical Student Subject: Experiment #1 Numerical Methods Using Excel

To: Professor Avitabile Date: February 4, 2003 From: Mechanical Student Subject: Experiment #1 Numerical Methods Using Excel To: Professor Avtable Date: February 4, 3 From: Mechancal Student Subject:.3 Experment # Numercal Methods Usng Excel Introducton Mcrosoft Excel s a spreadsheet program that can be used for data analyss,

More information

On the Feasibility of Receive Collaboration in Wireless Sensor Networks

On the Feasibility of Receive Collaboration in Wireless Sensor Networks On the Feasblty of Receve Collaboraton n Wreless Sensor Networs B. Bantaleb, S. Sgg and M. Begl Computer Scence Department Insttute of Operatng System and Computer Networs (IBR) Braunschweg, Germany {behnam,

More information

Figure.1. Basic model of an impedance source converter JCHPS Special Issue 12: August Page 13

Figure.1. Basic model of an impedance source converter JCHPS Special Issue 12: August Page 13 A Hgh Gan DC - DC Converter wth Soft Swtchng and Power actor Correcton for Renewable Energy Applcaton T. Selvakumaran* and. Svachdambaranathan Department of EEE, Sathyabama Unversty, Chenna, Inda. *Correspondng

More information

A Parallel Task Scheduling Optimization Algorithm Based on Clonal Operator in Green Cloud Computing

A Parallel Task Scheduling Optimization Algorithm Based on Clonal Operator in Green Cloud Computing A Parallel Task Schedulng Optmzaton Algorthm Based on Clonal Operator n Green Cloud Computng Yang Lu, Wanneng Shu, and Chrsh Zhang College of Informaton Scence and Engneerng, Hunan Cty Unversty, Yyang,

More information

PRACTICAL, COMPUTATION EFFICIENT HIGH-ORDER NEURAL NETWORK FOR ROTATION AND SHIFT INVARIANT PATTERN RECOGNITION. Evgeny Artyomov and Orly Yadid-Pecht

PRACTICAL, COMPUTATION EFFICIENT HIGH-ORDER NEURAL NETWORK FOR ROTATION AND SHIFT INVARIANT PATTERN RECOGNITION. Evgeny Artyomov and Orly Yadid-Pecht 68 Internatonal Journal "Informaton Theores & Applcatons" Vol.11 PRACTICAL, COMPUTATION EFFICIENT HIGH-ORDER NEURAL NETWORK FOR ROTATION AND SHIFT INVARIANT PATTERN RECOGNITION Evgeny Artyomov and Orly

More information

A NSGA-II algorithm to solve a bi-objective optimization of the redundancy allocation problem for series-parallel systems

A NSGA-II algorithm to solve a bi-objective optimization of the redundancy allocation problem for series-parallel systems 0 nd Internatonal Conference on Industral Technology and Management (ICITM 0) IPCSIT vol. 49 (0) (0) IACSIT Press, Sngapore DOI: 0.776/IPCSIT.0.V49.8 A NSGA-II algorthm to solve a b-obectve optmzaton of

More information

D-STATCOM Optimal Allocation Based On Investment Decision Theory

D-STATCOM Optimal Allocation Based On Investment Decision Theory Internatonal Conference on Computer Engneerng, Informaton Scence & Applcaton Technology (ICCIA 2016) D-STATCOM Optmal Allocaton Based On Investment Decson Theory Yongjun Zhang1, a, Yfu Mo1, b and Huazhen

More information

Research on the Process-level Production Scheduling Optimization Based on the Manufacturing Process Simplifies

Research on the Process-level Production Scheduling Optimization Based on the Manufacturing Process Simplifies Internatonal Journal of Smart Home Vol.8, No. (04), pp.7-6 http://dx.do.org/0.457/sh.04.8.. Research on the Process-level Producton Schedulng Optmzaton Based on the Manufacturng Process Smplfes Y. P. Wang,*,

More information

Monitoring large-scale power distribution grids

Monitoring large-scale power distribution grids Montorng large-scale power dstrbuton grds D. Gavrlov, M. Gouzman, and S. Lury Center for Advanced Technology n Sensor Systems, Stony Brook Unversty, Stony Brook, NY 11794 Keywords: smart grd; sensor network;

More information

Low Sampling Rate Technology for UHF Partial Discharge Signals Based on Sparse Vector Recovery

Low Sampling Rate Technology for UHF Partial Discharge Signals Based on Sparse Vector Recovery 017 nd Internatonal Semnar on Appled Physcs, Optoelectroncs and Photoncs (APOP 017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-5-3 Low Samplng Rate Technology for UHF Partal Dscharge Sgnals Based on Sparse Vector Recovery Qang

More information

The Performance Improvement of BASK System for Giga-Bit MODEM Using the Fuzzy System

The Performance Improvement of BASK System for Giga-Bit MODEM Using the Fuzzy System Int. J. Communcatons, Network and System Scences, 10, 3, 1-5 do:10.36/jcns.10.358 Publshed Onlne May 10 (http://www.scrp.org/journal/jcns/) The Performance Improvement of BASK System for Gga-Bt MODEM Usng

More information

Coverage Optimization based on Redundant Sense Area Ratio in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Coverage Optimization based on Redundant Sense Area Ratio in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks T.Srdev et al, / (IJCSIT) Internatonal Journal of Computer Scence and Informaton Technologes, Vol. 5 (), 04, 79-733 Coverage Optmzaton based on Redundant Sense Area Rato n Wreless Multmeda Sensor Networks

More information

Traffic balancing over licensed and unlicensed bands in heterogeneous networks

Traffic balancing over licensed and unlicensed bands in heterogeneous networks Correspondence letter Traffc balancng over lcensed and unlcensed bands n heterogeneous networks LI Zhen, CUI Qme, CUI Zhyan, ZHENG We Natonal Engneerng Laboratory for Moble Network Securty, Bejng Unversty

More information

A Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm or Path Planning of Robot in Dynamic Environment

A Hybrid Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm or Path Planning of Robot in Dynamic Environment Hao Me, Yantao Tan, Lnan Zu A Hybrd Ant Colony Optmzaton Algorthm or Path Plannng of Robot n Dynamc Envronment A Hybrd Ant Colony Optmzaton Algorthm for Path Plannng of Robot n Dynamc Envronment 1 Hao

More information

Uncertainty in measurements of power and energy on power networks

Uncertainty in measurements of power and energy on power networks Uncertanty n measurements of power and energy on power networks E. Manov, N. Kolev Department of Measurement and Instrumentaton, Techncal Unversty Sofa, bul. Klment Ohrdsk No8, bl., 000 Sofa, Bulgara Tel./fax:

More information

IEE Electronics Letters, vol 34, no 17, August 1998, pp ESTIMATING STARTING POINT OF CONDUCTION OF CMOS GATES

IEE Electronics Letters, vol 34, no 17, August 1998, pp ESTIMATING STARTING POINT OF CONDUCTION OF CMOS GATES IEE Electroncs Letters, vol 34, no 17, August 1998, pp. 1622-1624. ESTIMATING STARTING POINT OF CONDUCTION OF CMOS GATES A. Chatzgeorgou, S. Nkolads 1 and I. Tsoukalas Computer Scence Department, 1 Department

More information

Genetic Algorithm for Sensor Scheduling with Adjustable Sensing Range

Genetic Algorithm for Sensor Scheduling with Adjustable Sensing Range Genetc Algorthm for Sensor Schedulng wth Adjustable Sensng Range D.Arvudanamb #, G.Sreekanth *, S.Balaj # # Department of Mathematcs, Anna Unversty Chenna, Inda arvu@annaunv.edu skbalaj8@gmal.com * Department

More information

Procedia Computer Science

Procedia Computer Science Proceda Computer Scence 3 (211) 714 72 Proceda Computer Scence (21) Proceda Computer Scence www.elsever.com/locate/proceda www.elsever.com/locate/proceda WCIT-21 Performance evaluaton of data delvery approaches

More information

An Energy-aware Awakening Routing Algorithm in Heterogeneous Sensor Networks

An Energy-aware Awakening Routing Algorithm in Heterogeneous Sensor Networks An Energy-aware Awakenng Routng Algorthm n Heterogeneous Sensor Networks TAO Dan 1, CHEN Houjn 1, SUN Yan 2, CEN Ygang 3 1. School of Electronc and Informaton Engneerng, Bejng Jaotong Unversty, Bejng,

More information

antenna antenna (4.139)

antenna antenna (4.139) .6.6 The Lmts of Usable Input Levels for LNAs The sgnal voltage level delvered to the nput of an LNA from the antenna may vary n a very wde nterval, from very weak sgnals comparable to the nose level,

More information

The Energy Consumption Research of Sensor Network Nodes Based on Economic Theory

The Energy Consumption Research of Sensor Network Nodes Based on Economic Theory Sensors & ransducers 2013 by IFSA http://www.sensorsportal.com he Energy Consumpton esearch of Sensor Network Nodes Based on Economc heory Xn LIU Economcs and Management School of Wuhan Unversty oom 707,

More information

AN IMPROVED BIT LOADING TECHNIQUE FOR ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN NEXT GENERATION VOICE/VIDEO APPLICATIONS

AN IMPROVED BIT LOADING TECHNIQUE FOR ENHANCED ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN NEXT GENERATION VOICE/VIDEO APPLICATIONS Journal of Engneerng Scence and Technology Vol., o. 4 (6) 476-495 School of Engneerng, Taylor s Unversty A IMPROVED BIT LOADIG TECHIQUE FOR EHACED EERGY EFFICIECY I EXT GEERATIO VOICE/VIDEO APPLICATIOS

More information

A Preliminary Study of Information Collection in a Mobile Sensor Network

A Preliminary Study of Information Collection in a Mobile Sensor Network A Prelmnary Study of Informaton ollecton n a Moble Sensor Network Yuemng Hu, Qng L ollege of Informaton South hna Agrcultural Unversty {ymhu@, lqng1004@stu.}scau.edu.cn Fangmng Lu, Gabrel Y. Keung, Bo

More information

A Comparison of Two Equivalent Real Formulations for Complex-Valued Linear Systems Part 2: Results

A Comparison of Two Equivalent Real Formulations for Complex-Valued Linear Systems Part 2: Results AMERICAN JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH VOL. 1 NO. () A Comparson of Two Equvalent Real Formulatons for Complex-Valued Lnear Systems Part : Results Abnta Munankarmy and Mchael A. Heroux Department of

More information

ANNUAL OF NAVIGATION 11/2006

ANNUAL OF NAVIGATION 11/2006 ANNUAL OF NAVIGATION 11/2006 TOMASZ PRACZYK Naval Unversty of Gdyna A FEEDFORWARD LINEAR NEURAL NETWORK WITH HEBBA SELFORGANIZATION IN RADAR IMAGE COMPRESSION ABSTRACT The artcle presents the applcaton

More information

Dynamic Optimization. Assignment 1. Sasanka Nagavalli January 29, 2013 Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University

Dynamic Optimization. Assignment 1. Sasanka Nagavalli January 29, 2013 Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Dynamc Optmzaton Assgnment 1 Sasanka Nagavall snagaval@andrew.cmu.edu 16-745 January 29, 213 Robotcs Insttute Carnege Mellon Unversty Table of Contents 1. Problem and Approach... 1 2. Optmzaton wthout

More information

Performance Analysis of the Weighted Window CFAR Algorithms

Performance Analysis of the Weighted Window CFAR Algorithms Performance Analyss of the Weghted Wndow CFAR Algorthms eng Xangwe Guan Jan He You Department of Electronc Engneerng, Naval Aeronautcal Engneerng Academy, Er a road 88, Yanta Cty 6400, Shandong Provnce,

More information

Control Chart. Control Chart - history. Process in control. Developed in 1920 s. By Dr. Walter A. Shewhart

Control Chart. Control Chart - history. Process in control. Developed in 1920 s. By Dr. Walter A. Shewhart Control Chart - hstory Control Chart Developed n 920 s By Dr. Walter A. Shewhart 2 Process n control A phenomenon s sad to be controlled when, through the use of past experence, we can predct, at least

More information

PSO and ACO Algorithms Applied to Location Optimization of the WLAN Base Station

PSO and ACO Algorithms Applied to Location Optimization of the WLAN Base Station PSO and ACO Algorthms Appled to Locaton Optmzaton of the WLAN Base Staton Ivan Vlovć 1, Nša Burum 1, Zvonmr Špuš 2 and Robert Nađ 2 1 Unversty of Dubrovn, Croata 2 Unversty of Zagreb, Croata E-mal: van.vlovc@undu.hr,

More information

TECHNICAL NOTE TERMINATION FOR POINT- TO-POINT SYSTEMS TN TERMINATON FOR POINT-TO-POINT SYSTEMS. Zo = L C. ω - angular frequency = 2πf

TECHNICAL NOTE TERMINATION FOR POINT- TO-POINT SYSTEMS TN TERMINATON FOR POINT-TO-POINT SYSTEMS. Zo = L C. ω - angular frequency = 2πf TECHNICAL NOTE TERMINATION FOR POINT- TO-POINT SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION Because dgtal sgnal rates n computng systems are ncreasng at an astonshng rate, sgnal ntegrty ssues have become far more mportant to

More information

A Current Differential Line Protection Using a Synchronous Reference Frame Approach

A Current Differential Line Protection Using a Synchronous Reference Frame Approach A Current Dfferental Lne rotecton Usng a Synchronous Reference Frame Approach L. Sousa Martns *, Carlos Fortunato *, and V.Fernão res * * Escola Sup. Tecnologa Setúbal / Inst. oltécnco Setúbal, Setúbal,

More information

Priority based Dynamic Multiple Robot Path Planning

Priority based Dynamic Multiple Robot Path Planning 2nd Internatonal Conference on Autonomous obots and Agents Prorty based Dynamc Multple obot Path Plannng Abstract Taxong Zheng Department of Automaton Chongqng Unversty of Post and Telecommuncaton, Chna

More information

Design of on-line PH monitoring system based on ZigBee technology

Design of on-line PH monitoring system based on ZigBee technology Internatonal Conference on Advanced Electronc Scence and Technology (AEST 216) Desgn of on-lne PH montorng system based on ZgBee technology a Lad Wang and Xul Zhang College of Electronc and Informaton

More information

Mission-Aware Placement of RF-based Power Transmitters in Wireless Sensor Networks

Mission-Aware Placement of RF-based Power Transmitters in Wireless Sensor Networks Msson-Aware Placement of RF-based Power Transmtters n Wreless Sensor Networks Melke Erol-Kantarc, Member, IEEE and Hussen T. Mouftah, Fellow, IEEE School of Electrcal Engneerng and Computer Scence Unversty

More information

Throughput Maximization by Adaptive Threshold Adjustment for AMC Systems

Throughput Maximization by Adaptive Threshold Adjustment for AMC Systems APSIPA ASC 2011 X an Throughput Maxmzaton by Adaptve Threshold Adjustment for AMC Systems We-Shun Lao and Hsuan-Jung Su Graduate Insttute of Communcaton Engneerng Department of Electrcal Engneerng Natonal

More information

Self-Organized Swarm Robot for Target Search and Trapping Inspired by Bacterial Chemotaxis

Self-Organized Swarm Robot for Target Search and Trapping Inspired by Bacterial Chemotaxis Contents lsts avalable at ScenceDrect Robotcs and Autonomous Systems journal homepage:www.elsever.com/locate/robot Self-Organzed Swarm Robot for Target Search and Trappng Inspred by Bacteral Chemotaxs

More information

Digital Transmission

Digital Transmission Dgtal Transmsson Most modern communcaton systems are dgtal, meanng that the transmtted normaton sgnal carres bts and symbols rather than an analog sgnal. The eect o C/N rato ncrease or decrease on dgtal

More information

A MODIFIED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM IN SPARSE LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS

A MODIFIED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM IN SPARSE LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS A MODIFIED DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALORITHM IN SPARSE LINEAR ANTENNA ARRAY SYNTHESIS Kaml Dmller Department of Electrcal-Electroncs Engneerng rne Amercan Unversty North Cyprus, Mersn TURKEY kdmller@gau.edu.tr

More information

Evaluate the Effective of Annular Aperture on the OTF for Fractal Optical Modulator

Evaluate the Effective of Annular Aperture on the OTF for Fractal Optical Modulator Global Advanced Research Journal of Management and Busness Studes (ISSN: 2315-5086) Vol. 4(3) pp. 082-086, March, 2015 Avalable onlne http://garj.org/garjmbs/ndex.htm Copyrght 2015 Global Advanced Research

More information

Relevance of Energy Efficiency Gain in Massive MIMO Wireless Network

Relevance of Energy Efficiency Gain in Massive MIMO Wireless Network Relevance of Energy Effcency Gan n Massve MIMO Wreless Network Ahmed Alzahran, Vjey Thayananthan, Muhammad Shuab Quresh Computer Scence Department, Faculty of Computng and Informaton Technology Kng Abdulazz

More information

The Impact of Spectrum Sensing Frequency and Packet- Loading Scheme on Multimedia Transmission over Cognitive Radio Networks

The Impact of Spectrum Sensing Frequency and Packet- Loading Scheme on Multimedia Transmission over Cognitive Radio Networks Ths artcle has been accepted for publcaton n a future ssue of ths journal, but has not been fully edted. Content may change pror to fnal publcaton. The Impact of Spectrum Sensng Frequency and Pacet- Loadng

More information

Optimal Sleep Scheduling Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Balanced Energy Consumption

Optimal Sleep Scheduling Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Balanced Energy Consumption 6 JOURAL OF COMPUTER, VOL. 8, O. 6, JUE 3 Optmal leep chedulng cheme for Wreless ensor etworks Based on Balanced Energy Consumpton han-shan Ma College of Computer cence and Technology, Chna Unversty of

More information

The Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Competitive Price Game

The Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Competitive Price Game 8 Y. B. LI, R. YAG, Y. LI, F. YE, THE SPECTRUM SHARIG I COGITIVE RADIO ETWORKS BASED O COMPETITIVE The Spectrum Sharng n Cogntve Rado etworks Based on Compettve Prce Game Y-bng LI, Ru YAG., Yun LI, Fang

More information

Fast Code Detection Using High Speed Time Delay Neural Networks

Fast Code Detection Using High Speed Time Delay Neural Networks Fast Code Detecton Usng Hgh Speed Tme Delay Neural Networks Hazem M. El-Bakry 1 and Nkos Mastoraks 1 Faculty of Computer Scence & Informaton Systems, Mansoura Unversty, Egypt helbakry0@yahoo.com Department

More information

Optimal Placement of PMU and RTU by Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing for Multiarea Power System State Estimation

Optimal Placement of PMU and RTU by Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing for Multiarea Power System State Estimation T. Kerdchuen and W. Ongsakul / GMSARN Internatonal Journal (09) - Optmal Placement of and by Hybrd Genetc Algorthm and Smulated Annealng for Multarea Power System State Estmaton Thawatch Kerdchuen and

More information

Power Minimization Under Constant Throughput Constraint in Wireless Networks with Beamforming

Power Minimization Under Constant Throughput Constraint in Wireless Networks with Beamforming Power Mnmzaton Under Constant Throughput Constrant n Wreless etworks wth Beamformng Zhu Han and K.J. Ray Lu, Electrcal and Computer Engneer Department, Unversty of Maryland, College Park. Abstract In mult-access

More information

Distributed Fault Detection of Wireless Sensor Networks

Distributed Fault Detection of Wireless Sensor Networks Dstrbuted Fault Detecton of Wreless Sensor Networs Jnran Chen, Shubha Kher, and Arun Soman Dependable Computng and Networng Lab Iowa State Unversty Ames, Iowa 50010 {jrchen, shubha, arun}@astate.edu ABSTRACT

More information

Optimum Allocation of Distributed Generations Based on Evolutionary Programming for Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Correction

Optimum Allocation of Distributed Generations Based on Evolutionary Programming for Loss Reduction and Voltage Profile Correction ISSN : 0976-8491(Onlne) ISSN : 2229-4333(rnt) Optmum Allocaton of Dstrbuted Generatons Based on Evolutonary rogrammng for Reducton and Voltage rofle Correcton 1 Mohammad Saleh Male, 2 Soodabeh Soleyman

More information

Study of the Improved Location Algorithm Based on Chan and Taylor

Study of the Improved Location Algorithm Based on Chan and Taylor Send Orders for eprnts to reprnts@benthamscence.ae 58 The Open Cybernetcs & Systemcs Journal, 05, 9, 58-6 Open Access Study of the Improved Locaton Algorthm Based on Chan and Taylor Lu En-Hua *, Xu Ke-Mng

More information

An Energy Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

An Energy Efficient Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks An Energy Effcent Herarchcal Clusterng Algorthm for Wreless Sensor Networks Seema Bandyopadhyay and Edward J. Coyle School of Electrcal and Computer Engneerng Purdue Unversty West Lafayette, IN, USA {seema,

More information

Design of Teaching Platform Based on Information Detection System

Design of Teaching Platform Based on Information Detection System , pp.43-48 http://dx.do.org/1.14257/astl.216.139.8 Desgn of Teachng Platform Based on Informaton Detecton System Zhenjng Yao, Lxn L, Qn Gao & Zhmng Han Insttute of Dsaster Preventon Sanhe, Hebe, People

More information

FPGA Implementation of Ultrasonic S-Scan Coordinate Conversion Based on Radix-4 CORDIC Algorithm

FPGA Implementation of Ultrasonic S-Scan Coordinate Conversion Based on Radix-4 CORDIC Algorithm IACSIT Internatonal Journal of Engneerng and Technology, Vol. 7, No. 3, June 25 FPGA Implementaton of Ultrasonc S-Scan Coordnate Converson Based on Radx-4 CORDIC Algorthm Ruobo Ln, Guxong Lu, and Wenmng

More information

Capacity improvement of the single mode air interface WCDMA FDD with relaying

Capacity improvement of the single mode air interface WCDMA FDD with relaying 2004 Internatonal Workshop on Wreless Ad-Hoc Networks Capacty mprovement of the sngle mode ar nterface WCDMA FDD wth relayng H. Nourzadeh, S. Nourzadeh and R. Tafazoll Centre for Comnurcaton Systems Research

More information

Distributed Channel Allocation Algorithm with Power Control

Distributed Channel Allocation Algorithm with Power Control Dstrbuted Channel Allocaton Algorthm wth Power Control Shaoj N Helsnk Unversty of Technology, Insttute of Rado Communcatons, Communcatons Laboratory, Otakaar 5, 0150 Espoo, Fnland. E-mal: n@tltu.hut.f

More information

A PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR REACTIVE POWER AND VOLTAGE CONTROL CONSIDERING VOLTAGE SECURITY ASSESSMENT

A PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR REACTIVE POWER AND VOLTAGE CONTROL CONSIDERING VOLTAGE SECURITY ASSESSMENT A PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR REACTIVE POWER AND VOLTAGE CONTROL CONSIDERING VOLTAGE SECURITY ASSESSMENT Hrotaka Yoshda Kench Kawata IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol.15, No.4, pp.1232-1239, November

More information

Distributed Adaptive Channel Allocation in Multi-Radio Wireless Sensor Networks

Distributed Adaptive Channel Allocation in Multi-Radio Wireless Sensor Networks Journal of Communcatons Vol., No., November 26 Dstrbuted Adaptve Channel Allocaton n Mult-Rado Wreless Sensor Networks We Peng, Dongyan Chen, Wenhu Sun, and Guqng Zhang2,3 School of Control Scence and

More information

Application of a Modified PSO Algorithm to Self-Tuning PID Controller for Ultrasonic Motor

Application of a Modified PSO Algorithm to Self-Tuning PID Controller for Ultrasonic Motor The Proceedngs of the st Internatonal Conference on Industral Applcaton Engneerng Applcaton of a Modfed PSO Algorthm to Self-Tunng PID Controller for Ultrasonc Motor Djoewahr Alrjadjs a,b,*, Kanya Tanaa

More information

An Optimal Model and Solution of Deployment of Airships for High Altitude Platforms

An Optimal Model and Solution of Deployment of Airships for High Altitude Platforms An Optmal Model and Soluton of Deployment of Arshps for Hgh Alttude Platforms Xuyu Wang, Xnbo Gao, Ru Zong, Peng Cheng. VIPS Lab, School of Electronc Engneerng, Xdan Unversty, X an 77, Chna. Department

More information

An Analytical Method for Centroid Computing and Its Application in Wireless Localization

An Analytical Method for Centroid Computing and Its Application in Wireless Localization An Analytcal Method for Centrod Computng and Its Applcaton n Wreless Localzaton Xue Jun L School of Engneerng Auckland Unversty of Technology, New Zealand Emal: xuejun.l@aut.ac.nz Abstract Ths paper presents

More information

A Preliminary Study on Targets Association Algorithm of Radar and AIS Using BP Neural Network

A Preliminary Study on Targets Association Algorithm of Radar and AIS Using BP Neural Network Avalable onlne at www.scencedrect.com Proceda Engneerng 5 (2 44 445 A Prelmnary Study on Targets Assocaton Algorthm of Radar and AIS Usng BP Neural Networ Hu Xaoru a, Ln Changchuan a a Navgaton Insttute

More information

Application of Intelligent Voltage Control System to Korean Power Systems

Application of Intelligent Voltage Control System to Korean Power Systems Applcaton of Intellgent Voltage Control System to Korean Power Systems WonKun Yu a,1 and HeungJae Lee b, *,2 a Department of Power System, Seol Unversty, South Korea. b Department of Power System, Kwangwoon

More information

Multi-Relay Selection Strategy for Device to Device Communication

Multi-Relay Selection Strategy for Device to Device Communication Internatonal Conference on Computer, Networks and Communcaton Engneerng (ICCNCE 3) Mult-elay Selecton Strategy for Devce to Devce Communcaton Wecheng Xa, Shxang Shao, Jun Sun Jangsu Provncal Key Laboratory

More information

Adaptive Modulation and Coding for Utility Enhancement in VMIMO WSN Using Game Theory

Adaptive Modulation and Coding for Utility Enhancement in VMIMO WSN Using Game Theory Adaptve Modulaton and Codng for Utlty nhancement n VMIMO WSN Usng Game Theory R. Vall and P. Dananjayan mparments. The data transmtted from the sensor nodes s hghly susceptble to error n a wreless envronment

More information

Communication-Aware Distributed PSO for Dynamic Robotic Search

Communication-Aware Distributed PSO for Dynamic Robotic Search Communcaton-Aware Dstrbuted PSO for Dynamc Robotc Search Logan Perreault Montana State Unversty Bozeman, Montana 59715 logan.perreault@cs.montana.edu Mke P. Wtte Montana State Unversty Bozeman, Montana

More information

Adaptive Phase Synchronisation Algorithm for Collaborative Beamforming in Wireless Sensor Networks

Adaptive Phase Synchronisation Algorithm for Collaborative Beamforming in Wireless Sensor Networks 213 7th Asa Modellng Symposum Adaptve Phase Synchronsaton Algorthm for Collaboratve Beamformng n Wreless Sensor Networks Chen How Wong, Zhan We Sew, Renee Ka Yn Chn, Aroland Krng, Kenneth Tze Kn Teo Modellng,

More information

Resource Control for Elastic Traffic in CDMA Networks

Resource Control for Elastic Traffic in CDMA Networks Resource Control for Elastc Traffc n CDMA Networks Vaslos A. Srs Insttute of Computer Scence, FORTH Crete, Greece vsrs@cs.forth.gr ACM MobCom 2002 Sep. 23-28, 2002, Atlanta, U.S.A. Funded n part by BTexact

More information

location-awareness of mobile wireless systems in indoor areas, which require accurate

location-awareness of mobile wireless systems in indoor areas, which require accurate To my wfe Abstract Recently, there are great nterests n the locaton-based applcatons and the locaton-awareness of moble wreless systems n ndoor areas, whch requre accurate locaton estmaton n ndoor envronments.

More information

sensors ISSN

sensors ISSN Sensors 009, 9, 8593-8609; do:10.3390/s91108593 Artcle OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 144-80 www.mdp.com/journal/sensors Dstrbuted Envronment Control Usng Wreless Sensor/Actuator Networks for Lghtng Applcatons

More information

Control of Chaos in Positive Output Luo Converter by means of Time Delay Feedback

Control of Chaos in Positive Output Luo Converter by means of Time Delay Feedback Control of Chaos n Postve Output Luo Converter by means of Tme Delay Feedback Nagulapat nkran.ped@gmal.com Abstract Faster development n Dc to Dc converter technques are undergong very drastc changes due

More information

Adaptive System Control with PID Neural Networks

Adaptive System Control with PID Neural Networks Adaptve System Control wth PID Neural Networs F. Shahra a, M.A. Fanae b, A.R. Aromandzadeh a a Department of Chemcal Engneerng, Unversty of Sstan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. b Department of Chemcal

More information

Webinar Series TMIP VISION

Webinar Series TMIP VISION Webnar Seres TMIP VISION TMIP provdes techncal support and promotes knowledge and nformaton exchange n the transportaton plannng and modelng communty. DISCLAIMER The vews and opnons expressed durng ths

More information