LAPC 2016 Loughborough UK
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1 Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT) Tapered Waveguide Fed Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna LAPC 2016 Loughborough UK Ms. Jasmine Muhammed, Dr. Parambil Abdulla, Ms. Raphika Muhammed School of Engineering Cochin University of Science and Technology November 2016
2 Copyright The use of this work is restricted solely for academic purposes. The author of this work owns the copyright and no reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission by author.
3 Biography Jasmine P. M. is a research scholar at School of Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India. Her research is on the analysis and experiments on coupling enhancement of rectangular waveguide fed dielectric resonator antennas, Abdulla P is working in the capacity of Professor, Division of Electronics, School of Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology. He completed his PhD from Indian Institute of Technology, Karaghpur in the year His research interest includes method of moments, dielectric resonator antennas, EMI/EMC, planar filters etc. Raphika P M is a research scholar at School of Engineering, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India. Her research is the design and analysis of planar lowpass filters.
4 Abstract A cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited by a rectangular waveguide with tapered section is presented in this paper. By introducing a tapered section of waveguide between the rectangular waveguide and square ground plane, the coupling to a low permittivity DRA can be improved substantially. Moreover, it offers a 10 db bandwidth of 6.34% and a maximum gain of 6 dbi. Symmetrical broadside radiation patterns with low levels of cross polarization are maintained in both the planes. The proposed antenna is very much suitable for millimeter wave applications due to the very low losses of waveguide and DRA.
5 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR ANTENNA(DRA) Radio antenna mostly used at microwave frequencies and higher Consists of a block of ceramic material of various shapes mounted on a metallic surface Walls of the resonator are partially transparent to radio waves, allowing the power to radiate into space First proposed by Robert Richtmyer in 1939 First design and test by S.A. Long in
6 SHAPES OF DRAS DRAs of different shapes 6
7 ADVANTAGES OF DRA Wide band nature Reduced size (proportional to λ 0 / ɛ r ) Light weight Low losses High power handling capability Supports wide range of frequencies High radiation efficiency Ease of excitation Ease of integration with active circuitry 7
8 EXCITATION METHODS Coaxial probe Direct microstrip line Aperture coupled microstrip Conformal strip Coplanar waveguide Metallic waveguide 8
9 ADVANTAGES OF WAVEGUIDE FEEDING OVER OTHER COUPLING TECHNIQUES Absence of feed line losses Due to metallic walls waveguide has excellent shielding between the interior and exterior regions avoiding radiation losses even at millimeter wave frequencies DRA and waveguide are of very low losses making them suitable for high frequency applications DRAs can be excited by a slot at the waveguide shorted end or at the broad wall 9
10 LITERATURE REVIEW WAVEGUIDE SHORTED END SLOT COUPLED DRA K. W. Leung, K.W., Lo, H.Y., So, K.K., Luk, K.M.: 'High-permittivity dielectric resonator antenna excited by a rectangular waveguide', Microw. Opt.Tech. Lett., 2002, 34, (3), pp Perspective view top view Dielectric constant of DRA,ε r = 82 reflection coefficient For DRAs with high dielectric constants, direct coupling is sufficient 10
11 LITERATURE REVIEW WAVEGUIDE SHORTED END SLOT COUPELD DRA Abdulla, P., and A. Chakrabarthy, Rectangular waveguide-fed hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna, Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 83, , HDRA excited by a waveguide shorted end slot relative coupled power Dielectric constant of DRA,ε r = 10 For DRAs with low dielectric constants, direct coupling does not provide sufficient coupling 11
12 LITERATURE REVIEW COUPLING ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES OF WAVEGUIDE SHORTED END SLOT COUPLED DRAS K. W. Leung, and K. K. So Rectangular waveguide excitation of dielectric resonator antenna, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 2003, 51, (9), pp Disadvantages o Additional DRA required for coupling enhancement o Placing the DRA inside waveguide is difficult 12
13 LITERATURE REVIEW COUPLING ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES OF WAVEGUIDE SHORTED END SLOT COUPLED DRAS P. Abdulla, Y. K. Singh, and A. Chakrabarthy, Coupling enhancement of waveguide-fed dielectric resonator antenna, Microw. Opt. Tech. Lett., 2011, 53, (4), pp Disadvantages Closed form analytical solution is not possible Width of the capacitive waveguide junction is very low 13
14 REPORTED COUPLING ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES CONTD. A. B. Kakade, and B. Ghosh, Analysis of the rectangular waveguide slot coupled multilayer hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna, IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 2012, 6, (3), pp Inner and outer shells of the three layer hemispherical DRA Disadvantage Fabrication of multi layer DRA is very difficult 14
15 RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE FED CYLINDRICAL DRA USING TAPERED SECTION Longitudinal cross section Fabricated structure Optimum value of Parameters: tp = 22.2 mm, θ = 12 0, sl = 10.5 mm, sw = 0.7 mm, r = 7.0 mm, h = 5.0 mm and dielectric constant, ε r =
16 MEASURED RESULTS: RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE FED CYLINDRICAL DRA USING TAPERED SECTION Reflection Coefficient Gain 16
17 RADIATION PATTERNS OF WAVEGUIDE FED CYLINDRICAL DRA USING TAPERED SECTION xz plane at 9.4 GHz yz plane at 9.4 GHz 17
18 CONCLUSION The proposed coupling enhancement technique using tapered waveguide section provides very good coupling. Simulated structure is verified experimentally and reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results are obtained. Measured resonant frequency is 9.46 GHz with a 10 db bandwidth of 6.34%. The antenna achieves a maximum gain of 6 dbi at 9.3 GHz. Both the E and H field patterns are symmetrical about the broadside direction. The 3 db beamwidths of the E and H plane patterns are and 90 0 respectively. The cross-polarization fields are at least 20 db below the corresponding co-polarization fields in the broadside direction. 18
19 References [1] K. W. Leung, H. Y. Lo, K. K. So, and K. M. Luk, High-permittivity dielectric resonator antenna excited by a rectangular waveguide, Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., pp , Aug [2] P. Abdulla, A. B. Kakade, Y. K. Singh, and A. Chakrabarthy, Analysis of dielectric resonator antenna excited by a slot at the waveguide shorted end, Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 50, pp , May [3] K. W. Leung, and K. K. So, Rectangular waveguide excitation of dielectric resonator antenna, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 51, pp , Sept [4] P. Abdulla, Y. K. Singh, and A. Chakrabarthy, Coupling enhancement of waveguide fed dielectric resonator antenna, Microwave Opt. Technol. Lett, vol.53, pp , April [5] P. M. Jasmine, P. Abdulla and P. M. Raphika, Analysis and experiment of stairshaped waveguide-fed dielectric resonator antenna", IET Microwaves Antennas Propag., vol. 10, pp , [6] ] Kakade, A.B., Ghosh, B.: 'Analysis of the rectangular waveguide slot coupled multilayer hemispherical dielectric resonator antenna', IET Microw. Antennas Propag., 2012, 6, (3), pp [7] R. F. Harrington, Time Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1961, pp
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