Operating and Service Guide

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1 Operating and Service Guide Agilent Technologies 11867A RFLimiter ---~~:{. Agilent Technologies. ~ :.. Manufacturing Part Number: Printed in USA June 1995 Copyright Agilent Technologies, Inc.

2 Notice Hewlett-Packard to Agilent Technologies Transition This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett-Packard. Please note that Hewlett-Packard s former test and measurement, semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. To reduce potential confusion, the only change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix: where a product name/number was HP XXXX the current name/ number is now Agilent XXXX. For example, model number HP8648 is now model number Agilent The material contained in this document is provided as is, and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control. To contact Agilent Technologies please use the information below; Online assistance: Americas Canada Latin America (35) United States Asia Pacific Australia China Hong Kong India Japan 12 (421) 345 Korea Malaysia Singapore Taiwan Thailand Europe & Middle East Austria 43 () Belgium 32 () Denmark Finland 358 () France * *.125 Euros/minute Germany 49 () Ireland Israel /544 Italy Netherlands 31 () Spain 34 (91) Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom 44 () Other European Countries:

3 Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument. Warranty This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective. For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country. Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free. 2

4 LIMITATION OF WARRANTY The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside ofthe environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Should Agilent have a negotiated contract with the User and should any of the contract terms conflict with these terms, the contract terms shall control EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSNE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY. Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members. 3

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6 Contents 1. HP A RF Limiter General Information Introduction. Description... Installation.... Initial Inspection. Electrical Inspection VSWR.... Insertion Loss and Frequency Response Limiting.... Storage and Shipment Environment Original Packaging Mating Connectors Operation... Environment Instructions Repair Diodes Connectors Contents-1

7 Figures 1-1. Typical Insertion Loss Versus Frequency Typical Return Loss Versus Frequency Typical Output Power Versus Input Power at 25 C 1-4. Typical Harmonic Distortion Versus Input Power HP A Illustrated Parts Breakdown Thbles 1-1. HP A RF Limiter Specifications 1-2. Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices Contents-2

8 1 HP 11867A RF Limiter General Information 'Ib obtain optimum performance from this RF limiter, observe these simple precautions: Make connections carefully to avoid misalignment and connector damage or inaccurate measurements. Keep the connectors free of dirt and metallic particles. For information on connector cleaning and care, refer to the Microwave Connector Care Manual. Introduction The HP A RF limiter is an instrument accessory that can be used to protect input circuitry from transients and accidental overloads. This manual explains how to use the limiter, briefly describes tests that can be used to verify the specifications, and explains how to repair the limiter. Instrument specifications are listed in Table 1-1. These specifications are performance standards or limits against which the instrument may be tested. HP A RFLimiter 1 1

9 Frequency Range Insertion Loss Frequency Response* Maximum Input Power Levels Continuous Pulse Limiting Threshold Impedance Reflection Coefficient RF Input Connector t RF Output Connector t Weight Dimensions '.lkble 1-1. HP 11867A RF Limiter Specifications 1 Hz to 18 MHz <1. db <±.25 db about a.25 db/ghz slope 1 watts average ( +4 dbm) <1.3 Vctc with no RF applied. Vctc with RF applied 1 watts peak, pulse width :::; 1J.tsec,. 1 duty cycle 1 mw ( dbm) gives approximately 1 db compression 5 nominal <.13 (1.3:1 VSWR) Type N Female Type N Male 9 grams (.2 lb) 21 mm x 6 mm (.81 in. x 2.38 in.) *For operation to 2.4 GHz, See typical response shown in Figure 1-1. tnevice is not suitable for bilateral operation. Input and output ports may not be interchanged. a.j "Q.25 (f).5 (f) _j z.75 i= a::: w (f) ~ 1. SP CIFICATION LI ~IT \ - r- ~ ' \ I \ FREQUENCY - GHz Figure 1-1. Typical Insertion Loss Versus Frequency 1\ wn32b 1-2 HP 11867A RF Limiter

10 Description The HP A RF limiter is a unidirectional, solid-state, passive device for use from 1 Hz to 18 MHz. It consists of four oxide-passivated silicon diodes: two PIN diodes and two Schottky-Barrier diodes. These diodes are functionally integrated in a 5 transmission line as part of a low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency (Fe) of approximately 2.5 GHz. The limiter has no adjustments, and its diodes are not field-replaceable. For noise considerations, the limiter behaves as a thermal resistance shunted across the transmission line. The excess noise temperature is less than 2 Kelvin. This results in a noise figure that is essentially equal to the insertion loss below the limiting threshold. (Figure 1-1 shows typical insertion loss below the limiting threshold.) The VSWR specification in Table 1-1 applies below the limiting threshold. (Typical VSWR into either port is shown in Figure 1-2.) VSWR above the threshold is unpredictable, since the limiter effects its limiting by reflecting some of the input power. Limiting is non-linear and depends on input power and ambient temperature. The typical limiting curves shown in Figure 1-3 apply at an ambient temperature of 25 C. 5 ill -o 1 (/) 15 (/) _j 17.8 z Ct: ::::J I- w Ct: SP CIFICA TION LI IT v ~ / ~ " v ~ I I FREQUENCY - GHz Figure 1-2. Typical Return Loss Versus Frequency wn33b HP 11867A RF Limiter 1 3

11 (/) f- f- <:: ~.1 ~ w ~... f- :::>... f- :::>.1.1 "' "' "' 1/,;/ /~ / "' "' / "' "' "' "' /"' "',' "' "' "' "'../ ~ ~ / INPUT POWER - WATTS Figure 1-3. Typical Output Power Versus Input Power at 25 C wn34b Installation Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, it should be kept until the content of the shipment has been checked mechanically and electrically. The procedures for checking electrical performance are given in the following section "Electrical Inspection". If there is mechanical damage or defect, or if the instrument does not pass the electrical inspection, notify the nearest HP Sales and Service Office. A list of HP Sales and Service Offices appears at the end of this service guide. If the shipping container is damaged, or the cushioning material shows signs of stress, notify the carrier as well as the HP Sales and Service Office. Keep the shipping materials for inspection by the carrier. The HP office will arrange for repair or replacement without waiting for claim settlement. Electrical Inspection VSWR To check that the limiter meets the VSWR specification listed in Table 1-1, use any test system that can measure return loss. Terminate the unused port with an accurate 5 termination. Incident power must be less than 1 mw (the limiting threshold). Insertion Loss and Frequency Response To check that the limiter meets the insertion loss and frequency response specifications listed in Table 1-1, use any test system that can measure insertion loss. The input and output ports must be provided with a good 5 match. Incident power must be less than 1 mw (the limiting threshold). 1 4 HP11867ARFLimiter

12 Caution During the test of limiting specifications, do not apply more than low average power to the limiter. There should be <1.3 Vnc with no RF applied, and. Vdc when RF is applied. Permanent damage to the diodes could result from exceeding these levels. Limiting The power-limiting performance can be compared against the typical performance shown in Figure 1-3 by using the same test system that is used to check insertion loss. Incident power should be slowly increased from below 1 mw to 1 W while the output power is observed. Storage and Shipment Environment The limiter should be stored in a clean, dry environment. The following environmental limitations apply to both shipping and storage: Temperature: -4 C to +75 C Humidity: <95% relative Altitude: <762 meters (25, feet) Original Packaging Containers and materials identical to those used in factory packaging are available through HP Sales and Service Offices. If the instrument is being returned to Hewlett-Packard for servicing, attach a tag indicating the type of service required, return address, model number, and full serial number. Also, mark the container FRAGILE to assure careful handling. In any correspondence, refer to the instrument by model number and full serial number. Mating Connectors Mating connectors used with the limiter should be Type N connectors that are compatible with US MIL-C HP 11867A RF Limiter 1 5

13 Operation Environment The operating environment should be with the following limitations: Temperature: ooc to +55 C Humidity: <95% relative Altitude: <4572 meters (15, feet) Instructions Caution Do not apply more than 1 W average power or 1 W peak power to the limiter. There should be <1.3 Vdc with no RF applied, and. Vdc when RF is applied. Permanent damage to the diodes could result from exceeding these levels. For reliable operation over its full frequency and power range, the limiter must be used as a unidirectional device. Incident power must be applied as shown on the label of the limiter. The limiter can be used to protect the input mixer of a spectrum analyzer, the sampler of a network analyzer, the power sensor (or thermistor mount) of a power meter, or the input circuitry of any other device that might be subjected to transients and accidental overloads. The use of an attenuator between the limiter and the device it is protecting is recommended to minimize measurement uncertainty that is due to multiple mismatches. For example, set the input attenuator of a spectrum analyzer to at least 1 db. Harmonic distortion is generated by the limiter while it is limiting. If the incident signal exceeds the limiting threshold, use attenuation between the limiter and the source to reduce the signal below 1 m W. Typical harmonic distortion below the limiting threshold is shown in Figure 1-4. The limiter will still prevent transients from damaging the device it is protecting. _J ;-:: [3 :::;; <( ~ 1 r-----~------r-----~----~ ~ :;:) LL 2 5: _J w 3 CD Lj.Q CD <:J I 5 z r= 6 a:: 7 I- (f) a:: w I- ~ :J 8 9 ~~~~~~~+-----~--~ ~ ~----~~=--- ~7p.o I H_~Q--'----+' _,..,. I /~l> Lj.Q POWER - dbm Figure 1-4. Typical Harmonic Distortion Versus Input Power wn35b 1-6 HP A RFLimiter

14 Repair Diodes If the diodes of the limiter fail to function correctly or have been damaged, return the limiter to Hewlett-Packard for repair. Follow the procedure in the section titled "Storage and Shipment". DO NOT attempt to remove or replace the diodes. Connectors If a connector is damaged or worn, it can be disassembled, the worn or damage parts replaced, and the connector reassembled. To disassemble a connector, carefully remove the label, place the limiter in a vise, and remove the connector body, which has right- hand threads. Replace the worn or damaged part (see Figure 1-5) and reassemble the connector. HP 11867A RF Limiter 1 7

15 Item ~ Nut, Figure 1-5 HP 11867A rts Breakd own Dlustrated Pa RF Co =-D~;es~c~r:;,ip;",t~i;,o~n~~~~~~~~~-=-=-=-=-=-=-=J~~-~ R' nnector 3 Hous mg, RF Connector. 'Senes. N ---;-P~Pa.r:=::t~N~o::._. H = Pin Amg. Male Connocto' 125-< """"'' I25<JO I 6 5 Plug ssembly, Male 849I Contact El 849I-21 I;. ' ""'m" 849I-212 s not field l!b p umter Assembly ( 816-<)729 IO """'" replac,.le) m Assembly,,,emale v '.,emale 11;2 Connector.., l~sp~ac~e~r,~o~u~t~e~r~c:onductor 1 (optional,,~n.. o~t shown) HP 11867A RF L". 1m1ter

Keysight 86205B RF Bridge

Keysight 86205B RF Bridge Operating and Service Manual Notices Keysight Technologies 2011, 2014 No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and