INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS QUICK START GUIDE. Multi-transducer, MTR-3. Document no.: B SW version 3.0X.X or later

Transcription

1 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS QUICK START GUIDE Multi-transducer, MTR-3 Document no.: B SW version 3.0X.X or later

2 Table of contents 1. ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT... 3 GENERAL PURPOSE... 3 CONTENTS/OVERALL STRUCTURE WARNINGS AND LEGAL INFORMATION... 4 LEGAL INFORMATION AND RESPONSIBILITY... 4 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE AWARENESS... 4 SAFETY ISSUES... 4 DEFINITIONS... 4 SAFETY WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE... 5 WASTE BASIC DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OF THE MTR INTRODUCTION... 6 USER INFORMATION... 7 DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT... 7 PURPOSE AND USE OF MEASURING TRANSDUCER CONNECTION INTRODUCTION MOUNTING CONNECTION OF INPUT/OUTPUT MODULES COMMUNICATION CONNECTION CONNECTION OF AUXILIARY POWER SUPPLY SETTINGS INTRODUCTION M-SET SOFTWARE SETTING PROCEDURE GENERAL SETTINGS CONNECTION COMMUNICATION SECURITY ENERGY ANALOGUE OUTPUTS ALARMS RESET OPERATIONS MEASUREMENTS INTRODUCTION SUPPORTED MEASUREMENTS AVAILABLE CONNECTIONS EXPLANATION OF BASIC CONCEPTS CALCULATION AND DISPLAY OF MEASUREMENTS PRESENT VALUES APPENDIX A: MODBUS PROTOCOL MODBUS COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL APPENDIX B: CALCULATIONS AND EQUATIONS CALCULATIONS DEIF A/S Page 2 of 49

3 1. About this document General purpose This document is the for the Multi-configurable AC Transducer, the MTR-3. The general purpose of the document is to help the user with the first steps of installing and using the unit. It contains instructions for installations and use of the MTR-3. Please make sure that you read this document before starting to work with the MTR-3. Failure to do this could result in human injury or damage to the equipment. Contents/overall structure This document is divided into chapters, and in order to make the structure simple and easy to use, each chapter will begin from the top of a new page. DEIF A/S Page 3 of 49

4 2. Warnings and legal information This chapter includes important information about general legal issues relevant in the handling of DEIF products. Furthermore, some overall safety precautions will be introduced and recommended. Finally, the highlighted notes and warnings, which will be used throughout this document, are presented. Legal information and responsibility DEIF takes no responsibility for installation or operation of the MTR-3. If there is any doubt regarding installation and use of the system in which the instrument is used for measuring or supervision, please contact the person or company responsible for the installation of such system. The units are not to be opened by unauthorised personnel. If opened anyway, the warranty will be lost. Electrostatic discharge awareness Sufficient care must be taken to protect the terminals against static discharges during the installation. Once the unit is installed and connected, these precautions are no longer necessary. Safety issues Installing the unit implies work with dangerous currents and voltages. Therefore, the installation of the unit should only be carried out by authorised personnel who understand the risks involved in the working with live electrical equipment. Be aware of the hazardous live currents and voltages. Do not touch any AC measurement inputs as this could lead to injury or death. Definitions Throughout this document, a number of notes with helpful user information will be presented. To ensure that these are noticed, they will be highlighted in order to separate them from the general text. Note symbol The notes provide general information which will be helpful for the reader to bear in mind. Warnings The warnings indicate a potentially dangerous situation which could result in death, personal injury or damaged equipment if certain guidelines are not followed. DEIF A/S Page 4 of 49

5 Safety warnings and instructions for use Check the following before switching on the device: Nominal voltage Proper connection of auxiliary supply Nominal frequency Voltage ratio and phase sequence Current transformer ratio and terminals integrity Protection fuse recommended maximal external fuse size is 6 A Proper connection of I/O modules The secondary output of the current transformer should be short-circuited before connecting the transducer. Waste It is forbidden to deposit electrical and electronic equipment as municipal waste. The manufacturer or provider shall take waste electrical and electronic equipment free of charge. The complete procedure after lifetime should comply with the Directive EZ 2002/96/EG about restriction on the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment or a corresponding Url 118/04. DEIF A/S Page 5 of 49

6 3. Basic description and operation of the MTR-3 What is in the delivery? The consignment includes: Multi transducer MTR-3 Label for I/O functionality description Quick Start Guide Introduction Description of symbols In different chapters or tables, different symbols may appear in the installation instructions. According to the position of symbols, they have different meanings. Double insulation in compliance with the SIST EN standard. Functional ground potential. Note: this symbol is also used for marking a terminal for protective ground potential if it is used as a part of connection terminal or auxiliary supply terminals. Compliance of the product with directive 2002/96/EC, as first priority, the prevention of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), and in addition, the reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery of such wastes so as to reduce the disposal of waste. It also seeks to improve the environmental performance of all operators involved in the life cycle of electrical and electronic equipment. Compliance of the product with European CE directives. Subchapter Tables Symbols next to the subchapters indicate accessibility of functions described. Accessibility of functions is indicated with the following symbols: Function accessible via communication (M-Set software) Supported functions and measurements are listed in tables. Symbols in tables indicate support of enabled functions. Additionally, a legend is placed the below table of used symbols. The meaning of symbols is: Function is supported Function is not supported Symbol meaning varies and is described in the legend below the table DEIF A/S Page 6 of 49

7 User information For unknown technical terms, please refer to the below glossary. Glossary Term RMS Modbus M-Set AC PA total PA1, PA2, PA3 PF THD MD Hand-over place M v Sample factor M p Average interval Hysteresis expressed as percentage [%] Explanation Root Mean Square value Industrial protocol for data transmission Software for MTR-3 Alternating voltage and current Angle calculated from total active and apparent power Angle between fundamental phase voltage and phase current Power factor Total Harmonic Distortion Measurement of average values in time interval Connection spot of consumer installation in public network Defines a number of periods for measuring calculation on the basis of measured frequency Defines frequency of refreshing displayed measurements on the basis of a sample factor Percentage specifies increase or decrease of a measurement from a certain limit after exceeding it. Description of the product The measuring transducer is intended for measuring, analysing and monitoring single-phase or three-phase electrical power network. It measures RMS value by means of fast sampling of voltage and current signals, which makes the instrument suitable for acquisition of transient events. A built-in micro controller calculates measurements (voltage, current, frequency, energy, power, power factor, THD phase angles, etc.) from the measured signals. Appearance The measuring transducer can differ from yours depending on the type and functionality. 1 Communication ports 2 Outputs 3 Auxiliary supply 4 Voltage inputs 5 Current inputs 6 Power ON LED Communication ports and LED indicators Serial communication can be connected by using screw-in connector (RS485). A USB can be connected through a USB-mini type connector at the bottom of the transducer. LED indicator is intended for POWER ON signalling (red LED). The USB communication port is NOT galvanically insulated and can be used ONLY UN-connected to aux. supply and power inputs! DEIF A/S Page 7 of 49

8 Universal auxiliary supply Auxiliary supply is connected by two screw-in connectors. For safety purposes, it is important that all wires are firmly fastened. Auxiliary supply is wide range (24V DC-300V DC; 40V AC- 276V AC). Voltage inputs Each voltage input is connected to a measuring circuit through an input resistor chain (3.3 MΩ per phase). Maximum value of input voltage is 600 V L-N (1000 V L-L ). Current inputs Each current input is connected to a measuring circuit through a current transformer (0.01 Ω per phase). Maximum allowed thermal value of input current is 15 A (cont.). Purpose and use of measuring transducer The instrument is used for monitoring and measuring electric quantities of three-phase electrical power distribution system. The meter is provided with 32 programme-adjustable alarms and communication. With the RS485 and USB communication, the transducer can be configured and by RS485 also measurements can be read. The transducer also functions as an energy counter (up to four energy counters). DEIF A/S Page 8 of 49

9 Supported measurements Basic measurements Voltage U 1, U 2, U 3 and U ~ Current I 1, I 2, I 3, I n, I t and I a Active power P 1, P 2, P 3, and P t Phase Reactive power Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, and Q t Apparent power S 1, S 2, S 3, and S t Power factor PF 1, PF 2, PF 3 and PF ~ Power angle φ 1, φ 2, φ 3 and φ ~ THD of phase voltage U f1, U f2 and U f3 THD of power angle I 1, I 2 and I 3 Phase-tophase Energy MD values Measurements Phase-to-phase voltage U 12, U 23, U 31 Average phase-to-phase voltage U ff Phase-to-phase angle φ 12, φ 23, φ 31 THD of phase to phase voltage Counter 1 Counter 2 Counter 3 Counter 4 Active tariff Other measurements Phase current I 1, I 2, I 3 Active power P (Positive) Active power P (Negative) Reactive power Q L Reactive power Q C Apparent power S Frequency Other measurements Internal temperature DEIF A/S Page 9 of 49

10 4. Connection Introduction This chapter deals with the instructions for connection of the measuring transducer. Both the use and connection of the device includes handling with dangerous currents and voltages. Only qualified persons should therefore perform connection. DEIF does not take any responsibility regarding the use and connection. If any doubt occurs regarding connection and use in the system, please contact the person or company responsible for such installations. Before use: check voltages and phase rotation, supply voltage and nominal frequency. Check protective fuse rating (the recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for this equipment is 6 A - Red Spot type or equivalent). Wrong or incomplete connection of supply, measurement or other terminals may cause malfunction or damage the device. After connection, settings are performed via communication (connection mode, current and voltage transformers ratio...). Mounting The MTR-3 is designed for DIN rail mounting. It should be mounted on a 35 mm DIN rail by means of three plastic fasteners. Before installation, fasteners should be in open position (pulled). When the device is in place, lock (push) the fasteners to closed position. Electric connection Voltage inputs of the measuring transducer can be connected directly to a low-voltage network or via an appropriate voltage measuring transformer to a medium or high voltage network. Current inputs of the measuring transducer can be connected directly to a low-voltage network or via a corresponding current transformer. Choose the corresponding connection from the following figures and connect the corresponding voltages and currents. Information on electrical characteristics is given in the data sheet. DEIF A/S Page 10 of 49

11 System/connection Terminal assignment Connection 1b (1W) Single-phase connection Connection 3b (1W3) Three-phase three-wire connection with balanced load Connection 3u (2W3) Three-phase three-wire connection with unbalanced load Connection 4b (1W4) Three-phase four-wire connection with balanced load DEIF A/S Page 11 of 49

12 Connection 4u (3W4) Three-phase four-wire connection with unbalanced load Connection (3W3) Three-phase three-wire connection with unbalanced load Connection of input/output modules Check the module features that are specified on the label, before connecting module contacts. Wrong connection may cause damage or destruction of module and/or device. Connect the module contacts as specified on the label. Examples of labels are given below and describe modules built in the device. Electromechanical relay output module. (Example of alarm module as I/O module 1) Analogue output module with analogue output, proportional to measured quantities. The outputs may be either short- or opencircuited. They are electrically insulated from each other and from all other circuits. (Example of analogue output 1). Fast analogue output module with analogue output, proportional to measured quantities. The outputs may be either short- or opencircuited. They are electrically insulated from each other and from all other circuits. (Example of analogue output 1). DEIF A/S Page 12 of 49

13 Communication connection The MTR-3 is equipped with one standard serial (RS485) communication port and one service communication port (USB). The USB communication port is NOT galvanically insulated and can be used ONLY UN-connected to aux. supply and power inputs! Connect the communication line by means of the corresponding terminals. Connection information is stated on the instrument label. Connector terminals are marked on the label on the upper side of the instrument. The USB connector is positioned on the bottom side of the instrument under removable plastic cover. For driver installation, the below note. The instrument will establish USB connection with the PC approx. 5 seconds after physical connection to the USB port. More detailed information about communication specifications is available in the data sheet. Serial communication port (RS485) SERVICE communication port (USB) RS485 RS485 communication is intended for connection of devices to network where several instruments with RS485 communication are connected to a common communication interface. It is necessary to provide the corresponding connection of individual terminals of the screw terminal connector (see the table below). USB USB communication serves as a fast peer-to-terminal data link. The instrument is detected by host as a USB 2.0 compatible device. The USB connection is provided through a USB standard type mini B connector. When the MTR-3 is connected to a PC through USB communication for the first time, a user is prompted to install a driver. The driver is provided when downloading M-Set. The M-Set software can be downloaded at When the driver is installed, the USB is redirected to a serial port, which should be selected when using M-Set software. DEIF A/S Page 13 of 49

14 Survey of communication connections Connector Terminals Position RS A 11 A 12 C SCREW 13 B 12 NC TERMINAL 13 B USB-mini B Standard USB 2.0 compatible cable recommended (type mini B plug) Connection of auxiliary power supply The MTR-3 multi transducer has universal (AC/DC) auxiliary power supply. Information on electric consumption is given in the data sheet. Auxiliary supply is connected through a screw terminal connector. Connection of universal power supply to terminals 1 and 2. For safety purposes, it is important that both wires (Line and Neutral) are firmly connected. DEIF A/S Page 14 of 49

15 5. Settings Introduction Instrument settings can be remotely modified with communication (RS485 or USB) and M-Set software when connected to a PC. M-Set software M-Set is a software tool for complete monitoring of measuring instruments, connected to a PC via serial or USB communication. A user-friendly interface consists of four segments: device management, instrument settings, real-time measurements and software upgrading. Device management Select the instrument in a favourite s line. Use the network explorer to set and explore the device s network. Communication parameters of all devices and their addresses in the network can be easily set. Instrument settings Multi register edit technology assures a simple modification of settings that are organised in a tree structure. Besides transferring settings into the instrument, storing and reading from the setting files are also available. Real-time measurements All supported measurements can be captured in real time in a table form. For further processing of the results of measurements, copying via a clipboard into standard Windows formats is supported. Software upgrading Always use the latest version of software, both M-Set and software in the instrument. The programme automatically informs you on available upgrades that can be transferred from the website and used for upgrading. More information about the M-Set software can be found in the M-Set help system. DEIF A/S Page 15 of 49

16 M-Set user interface You can download freeware M-Set from Setting procedure In order to modify instrument settings with M-Set, current parameters must be loaded first. Instrument settings can be acquired via a communication link (serial or USB) or can be loaded off-line from a file on a local disk. Settings are displayed in the M-Set setting window - the left part displays a hierarchical tree structure of settings, the right part displays parameter values of the chosen setting group. General settings General settings are essential for the transducer. They are divided into four additional sublevels (Connection, Communication, Display and Security). Description and location Two parameters that are intended for easier recognition of a certain unit. They are especially used for identification of the device or location on which measurements are performed. Average interval The averaging interval defines the refresh rate of measurements on communication and remote display. Temperature unit Choose a unit for temperature display. Maximum demand calculation (MD mode) The instrument provides maximum demand values using thermal function. A thermal function assures exponent thermal characteristic based on simulation of bimetal meters. Maximum values and time of their occurrence are stored in the device. A time constant (t. c.) can be set from 1 to 255 minutes and is 6 times the thermal time constant (t. c. = 6 * thermal time constant). DEIF A/S Page 16 of 49

17 Example: Mode: thermal function Time constant: 8 min. Current MD and maximal MD: reset at 0 min. Thermal function Measured value Time [min.] Present MD MD peak Input Starting current for PF and PA (ma) At all measuring inputs, noise is usually present. It is constant, and its influence on the accuracy is increased by decreasing measuring signals. It is present also when measuring signals are not connected, and it occurs at all further calculations as very sporadic measurements. By setting a common starting current, a limit of input signal is defined where measurements and all other calculations are still performed. Starting current for all powers (ma) Noise is limited with a starting current also at measurements and calculations of powers. Minimum synchronisation voltage If all phase voltages are smaller than this (noise limit) setting, the instrument uses current inputs for synchronisation. If also all phase currents are smaller than Starting current for PF and PA setting, synchronisation is not possible and frequency displayed is 0. Reactive power and energy calculation Two different principles of reactive power and energy calculation are used: Standard method: With this method, a reactive power and energy is calculated, based on the assumption that all power (energy), which is not active, is reactive. Q 2 = S 2 P 2 This also means that all higher harmonics will be measured as reactive power (energy). Delayed current method: With this method, reactive power (energy) is calculated by multiplication of voltage samples and delayed current samples (see chapter 8, Appendix B: Calculations and equations on page 36): Q = U I +90 With this method, reactive power (energy) only represents the true reactive component of apparent power (energy). DEIF A/S Page 17 of 49

18 Connection Settings of connections must reflect actual state, otherwise measurements are not valid. Connection When connection is selected, load connection and the supported measurements are defined (see chapter 6, Measurements regarding connection mode, on page 23). Setting of current and voltage ratios Before setting current and voltage ratios, it is necessary to be familiar with the conditions in which the device is to be used. All other measurements and calculations depend on these settings. Up to five decimal places can be set. Settings range VT primary VT secondary CT primary CT secondary Maximum value kv V ka A Minimum value 0.1 V 1 mv 0.1 A 1 ma Used voltage and current range Setting of the range is connected with all settings of alarms, analogue outputs and a display (calculation) of energy and measurements recording, where 100% represents 500 V 5 A. In case of subsequent change of the range, alarms settings must be correspondingly changed, as well. Nominal frequency A valid frequency measurement is within the range of nominal frequency ±32 Hz. This setting is used for alarms. Energy flow direction This setting allows manual change of energy flow direction (IMPORT to EXPORT or vice versa) in the readings tab. It has no influence on readings sent by communication. CT connection If this setting is set to REVERSED, it has the same influence as if CTs would be reversely connected. All power readings will also change their sign. Communication Serial Communication Define parameters that are important for the operation in the RS485 network. Factory settings of communication are #33\115200,n,8,2 (address 1 to 247\baud rate 2400 to b/s, parity, data bits, stop bit). Modbus table: with this setting, a Modbus table for measurements and settings is defined. Modbus addresses for measurements and settings can be compatible with the previous family of transducers (MTR-2). For a more detailed description, see chapter 7, Appendix A: Modbus protocol, on page 28. USB Communication For description of all settings see Serial Communication, appendix A. For driver installation, see the note on page 13. The instrument will establish a USB connection with the PC approx. 5 seconds after physical connection to the USB port. DEIF A/S Page 18 of 49

19 Security Parameter settings are divided into three groups regarding security level: 1. At the first level (PL1), settings of a real time clock can be changed, and energy meters and MD can be reset. 2. At the second level (PL2), the access to all data that are protected with the first level (PL1) and setting of all other parameters in the»settings«menu is available. 3. A backup password (BP) is used if passwords at levels 1 (PL1) and 2 (PL2) have been forgotten, and it is different for each device (depending on a serial number of the meter). The BP password is available in the support department at DEIF, and is entered instead of the password PL1 or/and PL2. Do not forget to state the meter serial number when contacting the personnel at DEIF. User information A serial number of device is stated on the label and also accessible with the M- Set software. Password setting A password consists of four letters taken from the British alphabet from A to Z. When setting a password, only the letter being set is visible while the others are covered with *. Two passwords (PL1, PL2) and the time of automatic activation could be set. Password modification A password can be modified; however, only that password can be modified to which the access is unlocked at the moment. Password disabling A password is disabled by setting the "AAAA" password. A factory-set password is AAAA at both access levels (L1 and L2). This password does not limit access. Energy After modification of energy parameters, the energy meters must be reset. Otherwise, all further energy measurements could be incorrect. Active tariff When active tariff is set, one of the tariffs (up to four) is defined as active. Common energy exponent Common energy exponent defines minimal energy that can be displayed on the energy counter. On the basis of this and a counter divider, a basic calculation prefix for energy is defined ( 3 is 10 3 Wh = mwh, 4 is 10 4 Wh = 10 kwh). A common energy exponent also influences in setting a number of impulses for energy of pulse output or alarm output functioning as an energy meter. Define the common energy exponent as recommended in the table below, where counter divider is value 10 as default. Values of primary voltage and current determine a proper common energy exponent. DEIF A/S Page 19 of 49

20 Current 1 A 5 A 50 A 100 A 1000 A Voltage 110 V V V kv * * Counter divider should be at least 100 Counter divider Additionally, the counter divider defines precision of a certain counter, according to settings of a common energy exponent. This is done to prevent the counter from having an early energy overflow. An example for kwh of consumed active energy: Divider Exponent Resolution Displayed x 10^0 = 1 W kw x 10^0 = 10 W kw x 10^0 = 100 W MW x 10^0 = 1 kw MW x 10^1 = 10 W kw x 10^2 = 100 W MW x 10^3 = 1 kw MW x 10^4 = 10 kw 0.02 MW x 10^2 = 1 kw MW Analogue outputs Number of analogue outputs depends on the version of MTR-3. Analogue outputs Each of up to four analogue outputs is fully programmable and can be set to any of 6 full-scale ranges. Within each of those 6 ranges, other required output ranges can be set. For example, 4 20 ma range can be set when ±20 ma full-scale range is selected: Output parameter Sets the measured parameter to be transformed onto the analogue output. DEIF A/S Page 20 of 49

21 Output range Defines analogue output full-scale ranges: DC current output DC voltage output ma V ma ma V ma Output characteristics Defines the shape and up to 5 break points of an analogue output. For intrinsic-error for analogue outputs with bent or linear zoom characteristic multiply accuracy class with correction factor (c). Correction factor c (the highest value applies): Linear characteristic y0 1 ye c = or c = 1 x0 1 xe Bent characteristic x 1 x b number of break points (1 to 5) b x b y c = x b b y x b 1 e or c = b 1 x y e 1 Example of settings with linear and bent characteristic: Average interval for analogue output Defines the average interval for measurements on the analogue output. Available settings are from 1 period (0.02 sec by 50 Hz) up to 128 periods (2.56 sec by 50 Hz). Fast analogue output Functionality of the fast analogue output module is the same as with the standard analogue output module. The only difference is its faster response time ( 50 ms), and consequential higher ripple. For a proper behaviour of the fast analogue output module (fast response), the average interval must be set to minimum (1 period). Relay output module Relay output module can be assigned different functions. Alarm notification functionality (alarm output) Pulse output for energy measurement (pulse output) General purpose digital output (digital output) DEIF A/S Page 21 of 49

22 Pulse output functionality A corresponding energy counter (up to 4) can be assigned to a pulse output. A number of pulses per energy unit, pulse length, and a tariff in which output is active are set. Pulse parameters are defined by SIST EN standard. In the section Calculation of recommended pulse parameters below, a simplified rule is described to assist you in setting the pulse output parameters. Calculation of recommended pulse parameters Number of pulses per energy unit should be in certain limits according to expected power. If not so, the measurement from pulse output can be incorrect. Settings of current and voltage transformers can help in estimation of expected power. Principle described below for pulse setting, where e is prefix, satisfies SIST EN : 2001 standards pulse specifications: ew 100 p 1 ewh Examples: Expected power Pulse output settings kw 1 p/1kwh MW 100 p/1mwh MW 10 p/1mwh MW 1 p/1mwh Alarm notification functionality An alarm notification function can also be assigned to output. In case of any alarm occurrence, alarm output will trigger passive electromechanical relay or passive solid-state relay. Two parameters should be defined for each alarm output: The source for assigned alarm (alarm group 1, 2 or both) Type of output signal when alarm is detected. General purpose digital output This functionality allows user to enable/disable output relay by software settings (when appropriate values are set in Modbus table). MODULE NUMBER MODBUS REGISTER REGISTER VALUE Module 1 (if installed) ON 4 - OFF Module 2 (if installed) ON 4 - OFF Module 3 (if installed) ON 4 - OFF Module 4 (if installed) ON 4 - OFF DEIF A/S Page 22 of 49

23 Alarms Alarms are used for alarming exceeded set values of the measured quantities. Alarms setting MTR-3 supports recording and storage of 16 alarms in two groups. For each group of alarms, a time constant of maximal values in thermal mode, a delay time and alarm deactivation hysteresis can be defined. Quantity, value (a current value or a MD thermal function) are defined for every individual alarm. New values of alarms are calculated in percentage at the modification of the connection settings. If used voltage, current range is changed, the limit values of alarms will change proportionally. Reset operations Reset energy counters (E1, E2, E3, E4) All or individual energy meters are reset. Reset MD values Current and stored MDs are reset. Reset the last MD period Current MD value is reset. Reset alarm output All alarms are reset. DEIF A/S Page 23 of 49

24 6. Measurements Introduction In the following chapters, the device operation is explained in more details. Supported measurements Selection of supported measurements is changed with the connection settings. All supported measurements can be read via communication (M-Set and Modbus). Available connections Different electric connections are described in more details in Electric connection in chapter 4 Connection. Connections are marked as follows: Connection 1b (1W) single phase connection Connection 3b (1W3) three-phase three-wire connection with balanced load Connection 4b (1W4) three-phase four-wire connection with balanced load Connection 3u (2W3) three-phase three-wire connection with unbalanced load Connection 4u (3W4) three-phase four-wire connection with unbalanced load Survey of supported measurements regarding connection mode Phase Measurement support depends on the connection mode of the instrument type. Calculated measurements are only informative. Basic measurements Designat. Unit 1b 3b 3u 4b 4u Voltage U 1 U1 V Voltage U 2 U2 V Voltage U 3 U3 V Average voltage U ~ U V Current I 1 I1 A Current I 2 I2 A Current I 3 I3 A Current I n Inc A Total current I t I A Average current I a Iavg A Active power P 1 P1 W Active power P 2 P2 W Active power P 3 P3 W Total active power P t P W Reactive power Q 1 Q1 VAr Reactive power Q 2 Q2 VAr Reactive power Q 3 Q3 VAr Total reactive power Q t Q VAr supported calculated not supported DEIF A/S Page 24 of 49

25 Phase Phase-to-phase Energy Max. values MD Basic measurements Designat. Unit 1b 3b 3u 4b 4u Apparent power S 1 S1 VA Apparent power S 2 S2 VA Apparent power S 3 S3 VA Total apparent power S t S VA Power factor PF 1 PF1/ePF1 Power factor PF 2 PF2/ePF2 Power factor PF 3 PF3/ePF3 Total power factor PF ~ PF/ePF Power angle φ 1 φ1 Power angle φ 2 φ2 Power angle φ 3 φ3 Total power angle φ ~ φ THD of phase voltage U f1 U1 % %THD THD of phase voltage U f2 U2 % %THD THD of phase voltage U f3 U3 % %THD THD of phase current I 1 I1 % %THD THD of phase current I 2 I2 % %THD THD of phase current I 3 I3 % %THD Phase-to-phase voltage U 12 U12 V Phase-to-phase voltage U 23 U23 V Phase-to-phase voltage U 31 U31 V Average phase-to-phase voltage (U ff ) U V Phase-to-phase angle φ 12 φ12 Phase-to-phase angle φ 23 φ23 Phase-to-phase angle φ 31 φ31 THD of phase-to-phase voltage U 12 U12 % %THD THD of phase-to-phase voltage U 23 U23 % %THD THD of phase-to-phase voltage U 31 U31 % %THD Counters 1 4 Wh E1, E2, VAh E3, E4 VArh Active tariff Atar MD current I 1 I1 A MD current I 2 I2 A MD current I 3 I3 A MD active power P (positive) P+ W MD active power P (negative) P W MD reactive power Q L Q VAr MD reactive power Q C Q VAr MD apparent power S S VA supported calculated not supported For 3b and 3u connection modes, only phase-to-phase voltages are measured. Because of that, factor 3 is applied to calculation of quality considering nominal phase voltage. For 4u connection mode, measurement support is the same as for 1b. DEIF A/S Page 25 of 49

26 Explanation of basic concepts Sample factor M V A meter measures all primary quantities with sample frequency which cannot exceed a certain number of samples in a time period. Based on these limitations (65 Hz 128 samples) a sample factor is calculated. A sample factor (M V ), depending on frequency of a measured signal, defines a number of periods for a measurement calculation and thus a number of harmonics considered in THD calculations. Average interval M P Due to readability of measurements from communication, an average interval (M P ) is calculated with regard to the measured signal frequency. The average interval (see Average interval on page 16) defines the refresh rate of displayed measurements based on a sampling factor. Power and energy flow The figure below shows a flow of active power, reactive power and energy for 4u connection. The power and energy flow is defined as standard from a generator s point of view. This means that a consumer using energy will be exporting power. It is possible to change export/import definition via the M-Set, by changing the energy flow direction. Calculation and display of measurements This chapter deals with capture, calculation and display of all supported quantities of measurement. Only the most important equations are described; however, all of them are shown in chapter 8, Appendix B: Calculations and equations on page 36 with additional descriptions and explanations. Calculation and display of measurements depend on the used connection. For more detailed information, see Survey of supported measurements regarding connection mode on page 23. DEIF A/S Page 26 of 49

27 Present values All values are calculated as an average of number of periods set in general settings/average interval. Voltage The instrument measures true RMS values of all phase voltages (U1, U2, U3), connected to the transducer. Phase-to-phase voltages (U12, U23, U31), average phase voltage (Uf) and average phase-to-phase voltage (Ua) are calculated from measured phase voltages (U1, U2, U3). U f = N N 2 u ( ) n u xn u yn n=1 n=1 Uxy = N N 2 All voltage measurements are available via communication. Current Instrument measures true RMS values of phase currents, connected to current inputs. Neutral current (I n ), average current (I a ) and a sum of all phase currents (I t ) are calculated from phase currents. I RMS = N i n=1 N 2 n All current measurements are available via communication. Active, reactive and apparent power Active power is calculated from instantaneous phase voltages and currents. Two different principles of reactive power calculation are used: Standard method: With this method, a reactive power is calculated based on the assumption that all power which is not active is reactive. Q 2 = S 2 P 2 This also means that all higher harmonics will be measured as reactive power. Delayed current method: With this method, reactive power (energy) is calculated by multiplication of voltage samples and delayed current samples (see chapter 8, Appendix B: Calculations and equations on page 36: Q = U I +90 With this method, reactive power (energy) only represents the true reactive component of apparent power (energy). All measurements are seen via communication. For more detailed information about calculation, see chapter 8, Appendix B: Calculations and equations on page 36. DEIF A/S Page 27 of 49

28 Power factor and power angle Power factor is calculated as quotient of active and apparent power for each phase separately (cosϕ 1, cosϕ 2, cosϕ 3 ) and total power angle (cosϕ t ). For correct display of PF via analogue output and application of the alarm, epf (extended power factor) is applied. It illustrates power factor with one value as described in the table below. For a display on the remote display, both of them have an equal display function: between 1 and 1 with the icon for inductive or capacitive load. Load C L Angle [ ] (179.99) PF epf Example of analogue output for PF and epf: The power angle represents the angle between the first voltage harmonic and the first current harmonic for each individual phase. The total power angle is calculated from the total active and reactive power (see equations for total power angle, in chapter 8, Appendix B: Calculations and equations on page 36). A positive sign shows inductive load, and a negative sign shows capacitive load. Frequency Network frequency is calculated from time periods of measured voltage. Frequency is an average of number of periods set in general settings/average interval. Energy The energy of each of four energy counters is available. MD values Measurements of MD values. THD Total Harmonic Distortion THD is calculated for phase currents, phase and phase-to-phase voltages and is expressed as percent of high harmonic components regarding RMS value or relative to first harmonic. The instrument uses a measuring technique of true RMS values that assures exact measurements with the presence of high harmonics up to 31st harmonic. DEIF A/S Page 28 of 49

29 7. Appendix A: Modbus protocol Modbus communication protocol Modbus is enabled via RS485 or USB. The response is the same type as the request. Two versions of Modbus register tables are available: VERSION 1: MTR-3 Modbus registers VERSION 2: Compatibility with previous version of the product, the MTR-2 Modbus Modbus protocol enables operation of device on Modbus networks. For device with serial communication, the Modbus protocol enables point-to-point (for example device to PC) multidrop communication via RS485 communication. Modbus protocol is a widely supported open interconnect originally designed by Modicon. The memory reference for input and holding registers is and respectively. The register tables no the next pages shows both the PLC address and Modbus address to read from the desired register. Example for reading Frequency parameter: PLC: Read address Modbus: Read address with function 4 The Modbus address will always be 1 lower than the PLC address because PLC addresses starts with 1 where Modbus addresses starts with 0. DEIF A/S Page 29 of 49

30 VERSION 1: Register table for the actual measurements Parameter PLC Modbus Reading Address Address Function Start End Start End Type Frequency T5 U T5 U T5 U T5 Uavg (phase to neutral) T5 ϕ12 (angle between U1 and U2) T17 ϕ23 (angle between U2 and U3) T17 ϕ31 (angle between U3 and U1) T17 U T5 U T5 U T5 Uavg (phase to phase) T5 I T5 I T5 I T5 INc T5 INm - reserved T5 Iavg T5 Σ I T5 Active Power Total (Pt) T6 Active Power Phase L1 (P1) T6 Active Power Phase L2 (P2) T6 Active Power Phase L3 (P3) T6 Reactive Power Total (Qt) T6 Reactive Power Phase L1 (Q1) T6 Reactive Power Phase L2 (Q2) T6 Reactive Power Phase L3 (Q3) T6 Apparent Power Total (St) T5 Apparent Power Phase L1 (S1) T5 Apparent Power Phase L2 (S2) T5 Apparent Power Phase L3 (S3) T5 Power Factor Total (PFt) T7 Power Factor Phase 1 (PF1) T7 Power Factor Phase 2 (PF2) T7 Power Factor Phase 3 (PF3) T7 Power Angle Total atan2(pt,qt)) T17 ϕ1 (angle between U1 and I1) T17 ϕ2 (angle between U2 and I2) T17 ϕ3 (angle between U3 and I3) T17 Internal Temperature T17 DEIF A/S Page 30 of 49

31 Register table for the actual measurements (VERSION 1) PLC Modbus Reading Parameter Address Address Start End Start End Function Type Reactive Power Total (Qt) T6 Reactive Power Phase L1 (Q1) T6 Reactive Power Phase L2 (Q2) T6 Reactive Power Phase L3 (Q3) T6 Apparent Power Total (St) T5 Apparent Power Phase L1 (S1) T5 Apparent Power Phase L2 (S2) T5 Apparent Power Phase L3 (S3) T5 Power Factor Total (PFt) T7 Power Factor Phase 1 (PF1) T7 Power Factor Phase 2 (PF2) T7 Power Factor Phase 3 (PF3) T7 Power Angle Total (atan2(pt,qt)) T17 ϕ1 (angle between U1 and I1) T17 ϕ2 (angle between U2 and I2) T17 ϕ3 (angle between U3 and I3) T17 Internal Temperature T17 THD HARMONIC DATA U1 THD% T16 U2 THD% T16 U3 THD% T16 U12 THD% T16 U23 THD% T16 U31 THD% T16 I1 THD% T16 I2 THD% T16 I3 THD% T16 I/O STATUS Alarm Status Flags (No. 1 16) T1 I/O 1 Value T17 I/O 2 Value T17 I/O 3 Value T17 I/O 4 Value T17 ENERGY (see note) Energy Counter 1 Exponent T2 Energy Counter 2 Exponent T2 Energy Counter 3 Exponent T2 Energy Counter 4 Exponent T2 Current Active Tariff T1 Energy Counter T3 Energy Counter T3 Energy Counter T3 Energy Counter T3 Note: Energy counters actual value is calculated: Counter * 10 Exponent DEIF A/S Page 31 of 49

32 Register table for the actual measurements (VERSION 1) Parameter PLC Modbus Reading Address Address Function Start End Start End DYNAMIC DEMAND VALUES Type Time Into Period (minutes) T1 I T5 I T5 I T5 Apparent Power Total (St) T5 Active Power Total (Pt) T6 (positive) Active Power Total (Pt) T6 (negative) Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L T6 Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C T6 MAX DEMAND SINCE LAST RESET I T5 I T5 I T5 Apparent Power Total (St) T5 Active Power Total (Pt) T6 (positive) Active Power Total (Pt) T6 (negative) Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L T6 Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C T6 DEIF A/S Page 32 of 49

33 MEASUREMENTS (IEEE 754) (VERSION 1) Parameter PLC Modbus reading Address Address Function Type Start End Start End Uavg (phase to neutral) T_float Uavg (phase to phase) T_float Sum I T_float Active Power Total (Pt) T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) T_float Apparent Power Total (St) T_float Power Factor Total (PFt) T_float Frequency T_float U T_float U T_float U T_float Uavg (phase to neutral) T_float U T_float U T_float U T_float Uavg (phase to phase) T_float I T_float I T_float I T_float Sum I T_float I neutral (calculated) T_float I neutral (measured) T_float Iavg T_float Active Power Phase L1 (P1) T_float Active Power Phase L2 (P2) T_float Active Power Phase L3 (P3) T_float Active Power Total (Pt) T_float Reactive Power Phase L1 (Q1) T_float Reactive Power Phase L2 (Q2) T_float Reactive Power Phase L3 (Q3) T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) T_float Apparent Power Phase L1 (S1) T_float Apparent Power Phase L2 (S2) T_float Apparent Power Phase L3 (S3) T_float Apparent Power Total (St) T_float Power Factor Phase 1 (PF1) T_float Power Factor Phase 2 (PF2) T_float Power Factor Phase 3 (PF3) T_float Power Factor Total (PFt) T_float CAP/IND P. F. Phase 1 (PF1) T_float CAP/IND P. F. Phase 2 (PF2) T_float CAP/IND P. F. Phase 3 (PF3) T_float CAP/IND P. F. Total (PFt) T_float φ1 (angle between U1 and I1) T_float φ2 (angle between U2 and I2) T_float φ3 (angle between U3 and I3) T_float Power Angle Total atan2(pt,qt)) T_float DEIF A/S Page 33 of 49

34 MEASUREMENTS (IEEE 754) (VERSION 1) Parameter PLC Modbus reading Address Adress Funktion Type Start End Start End φ12 (angle between U1 and U2) T_float φ23 (angle between U2 and U3) T_float φ31 (angle between U3 and U1) T_float Frequency T_float Reserved I1 THD% T_float I2 THD% T_float I3 THD% T_float U1 THD% T_float U2 THD% T_float U3 THD% T_float U12 THD% T_float U23 THD% T_float U31 THD% T_float MAX DEMAND SINCE LAST RESET Active Power Total (Pt) - (positive) T_float Active Power Total (Pt) - (negative) T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C T_float Apparent Power Total (St) T_float I T_float I T_float I T_float DYNAMIC DEMAND VALUES Active Power Total (Pt) - (positive) T_float Active Power Total (Pt) - (negative) T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) - L T_float Reactive Power Total (Qt) - C T_float Apparent Power Total (St) T_float I T_float I T_float I T_float ENERGY Energy Counter T_float Energy Counter T_float Energy Counter T_float Energy Counter T_float Reserved Aktiv Tariff T_float Internal Temperature T_float DEIF A/S Page 34 of 49

35 Register table for the normalised actual measurements (in %) (VERSION 1) Parameter PLC Modbus Reading Address Address Function Start End Start End Type 100% value U T16 Un U T16 Un U T16 Un Uavg (phase to neutral) T16 Un U T16 Un U T16 Un U T16 Un Uavg (phase to phase) T16 Un I T16 In I T16 In I T16 In Σ I T16 It I neutral (calculated) T16 In I neutral (measured) T16 In Iavg T16 In Active Power Phase L1 (P1) T17 Pn Active Power Phase L2 (P2) T17 Pn Active Power Phase L3 (P3) T17 Pn Active Power Total (Pt) T17 Pt Reactive Power Phase L1 (Q1) T17 Pn Reactive Power Phase L2 (Q2) T17 Pn Reactive Power Phase L3 (Q3) T17 Pn Reactive Power Total (Qt) T17 Pt Apparent Power Phase L1 (S1) T16 Pn Apparent Power Phase L2 (S2) T16 Pn Apparent Power Phase L3 (S3) T16 Pn Apparent Power Total (St) T16 Pt Power Factor Phase 1 (PF1) T17 1 Power Factor Phase 2 (PF2) T17 1 Power Factor Phase 3 (PF3) T17 1 Power Factor Total (PFt) T17 1 CAP/IND P. F. Phase 1 (PF1) T17 1 CAP/IND P. F. Phase 2 (PF2) T17 1 CAP/IND P. F. Phase 3 (PF3) T17 1 CAP/IND P. F. Total (PFt) T17 1 ϕ1 (angle between U1 and I1) T ϕ2 (angle between U2 and I2) T ϕ3 (angle between U3 and I3) T Power Angle Total (atan2(pt,qt)) T ϕ12 (angle between U1 and U2) T ϕ23 (angle between U2 and U3) T ϕ31 (angle between U3 and U1) T Frequency 04 T17 Fn+10 Hz I1 THD% T16 100% I2 THD% T16 100% I3 THD% T16 100% U1 THD% T16 100% U2 THD% T16 100% U3 THD% T16 100% DEIF A/S Page 35 of 49