Scope of functions 32R

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1 Scope of functions R Fig. 1 7UM516 generator protection Application The 7UM516 is a numerical generator protection relay and is mainly used with larger generation units. In most cases it is combined with other devices of the 7UM51 and 7UT51 series, where several functions can be implemented as redundant protection. Construction The unit incorporates in its compact construction all components for Acquisition and evaluation of measured values Operator panel with display Event/alarm and command outputs inputs Serial interfaces Auxiliary DC/DC converters. Three housing variants are available. The model for panel flush mounting or cubicle mounting has rear connection terminals. The model for panel surface mounting has 100 screw terminals accessible from the front. A third variant for flush or cubicle mounting without glass cover is available. Functions The following protection functions are integrated: ANSI No.: Impedance protection 21 Out of step protection 78 Reverse power protection 32R Forward power monitor 32 Unbalanced load protection 46 Earth fault protection V 0 > 64 Direct coupling (for separate protection units). Measurement method The influence of harmonics, higher frequency transients, DC transient components and current transformer saturation effects are extensively suppressed. This is achieved using a high performance microprocessor and continuous digital signal processing (measured value acquisition, measured value conditioning and measured value processing). High measurement accuracy is achieved by the use of physical models for process imaging. The correct measurement is ensured by filter adaptation even with deviations from rated frequency (f N 10 Hz). Serial interfaces The unit is equipped with 2 serial interfaces. The front serial interface is suitable for connecting an AT compatible PC. The PC based program DIGSI can be used for convenient and transparent setting, disturbance recording and evaluation as well as commissioning (optional). The rear system interface is available alternatively as an isolated V.24(RS232) interface or as a fibre optic interface for connecting to the SINAUT LSA station control or to a protection data master unit (protocol to DIN ). Setting All setting parameters can be input either via the integrated operator and display panel or a personal computer. The parameters are written into non volatile memory so that the setting values remain secure even during interruption of the supply voltage. Self monitoring All important hardware and software components are continuously monitored, irregularities in hardware and program sequence are detected and alarmed. This significantly improves the security and availability of the protection system. Siemens LSA April 1995 Siemens AG

2 Im Z X t 2 X 1B Z TRIP Characteristic 2 t 1b t 1 X 1 Z Make Z pos t T WARN Unbalanced load Warning stage 2 > Z TRIP R 1 R 1B R P Z Make Re Z T>> TRIP Thermal instigation stage Unbalanced load Instigation stage 2 >> Thermal warning stage 2adm. 2 >> 2 Characteristic 1 Fig. 2 Characteristic of the impedance protection (R 1 0,4 X Tr, X 1 0,7 X Tr ; characteristics X 1B and R 1B are activated via binary input) Impedance protection This protection function operates as short circuit protection and simultaneously takes over reserve protection functions for the main protection or upstream series connected protection equipment (e.g. generator protection, transformer differential protection and network protection). Fault detection is implemented with an overcurrent pick up (with undervoltage seal in) and initiates computation of the loop impedance. Depending on the vector position in the rectangular tripping characteristic, the time to operate is allocated (Fig. 2). The first zone time t 1 should be set undelayed and the grading time t 2 in accordance with the higher order protection. The first zone trip is blocked automatically if tripping of the voltage transformer mcb is detected via binary input, or a power swing is detected by a further integrated algorithm. As a function of the particular switching state of the system, it is desirable to extend the first zone reach or to re route trip signals. An additional impedance stage R 1B, X 1B or an additional logic tripping function can be activated via the binary inputs. Fig. 3 Characteristic of the out of step tripping Out of step protection Depending on the network configuration state and the infeed generators, power swings can occur after disconnection of short circuits. If the centre of the power swing falls within the unit this may lead to inadmissible loading of the generator and requires disconnection from the network. On the other hand network side power swings are less critical. The generator related protection is based on the proven impedance measurement principle and evaluation of the progress of the complex impedance vector. Fig. 3 shows the power swing characteristics. Depending on characteristics, a number of swings are permitted. Exceeding thereof causes a trip signal. Using the tilt of the characteristics it is possible to achieve optimum adaptation to the particular system conditions. For purposes of external evaluation each swing through the power swing characteristic is signalled. Activation of the protection function is performed using the positive sequence components of the current. At the same time no negative sequence components must exist. Fig. 4 Instigation range of unbalanced load protection Unbalanced load protection This protection function detects unsymmetrical loading of three phase machines. It operates on the principle of component splitting and evaluates only the negative phase sequence component of the current. In the evaluation circuit a sensitive alarm stage 2 > and a course stage 2 are provided. In addition the negative sequence component of the current is fed into a thermal replica where the corresponding heating of the rotor surface of a generator is simulated (Fig. 4). For indication (alarm) purposes an indication (alarm) relay can also be parameterized to operate before the tripping limit of the thermal replica is reached. 2 Siemens LSA April 1995

3 Reverse power protection If the driving energy of a generator fails, the generator continues on the network as a motor and covers its friction losses in the form of power withdrawal from the network. This is undesirable from the network and turbine viewpoint, and should be terminated after a short period by opening the generator circuit breaker. Calculation of the effective power is performed using the positive sequence component vectors of current and voltage, so that asymmetric network conditions do not lead to measurement errors. In addition it is possible to compensate angle errors of the current and voltage instrument transformer by using a correction angle. Optimized algorithms ensure high sensitivity. The state of the emergency trip valve can be fed to the relay to control switching between two delay times (long time short time). Earth fault protection The main application is for the acquisition of earth faults in the stator and on the generator terminals. With a high ohmic or ungrounded generator in unit connection the displacement voltage is evaluated. By digital filtering of the input value, only the fundamental component is evaluated. Any harmonics (e.g. third harmonic) are effectively suppressed. Appropriate dimensioning of the load resistor protects 90% of the stator winding (Fig. 5). External signals This enables the processing of signals and commands from the Buchholz and other relays, which are fed to binary inputs. External signals (up to 4) can be separately time delayed and marshalled like a protection function. The advantages are in the trip signal processing and the precise timed event logging. On load measurement The on load measured values generated in the unit such as current, voltage, frequency, active and reactive power, power factor, phase angle, resistance and reactance as well as negative sequence current can be displayed at the LC display or by means of a PC. Fault event data In a protection unit, depending on the parameterization, either the instantaneous values (input values) or rms values (calculated values every 10 ms) are used. The maximum period of a disturbance recording depends on the memory and system frequency. Within the buffer several disturbance records (up to 8) can be stored consecutively. The number is dependent on the parameterization and nature of the fault event data record. The possibility to set a pre and post trigger time and the triggering event (disturbance recording start with activation or trip) permits flexible adaptation to the differing requirements. The disturbance record data can either be transferred to the SINAUT LSA station control or to a PC, and evaluated there depending on the user preference. Trip matrix/trip circuits The unit is equipped with five trip/command relays. The described protection functions can be arbitrarily allocated to these relays. In addition, each protection function can be set to OFF or ON via the operator panel. A third BLOCKED position permits commissioning of the unit with the local indications and the indication (alarm) relay circuits, but without tripping of the circuit breakers. With the many parameterizing possibilities provided, testing of and alternations to the circuit breaker operation can be performed during commissioning, as well as during normal operation without the need for rewiring. Non volatile storage of operational records The unit supplies detailed data for the analysis of disturbances as well as for checking of states during operation. All subsequently listed indication memories are safeguarded against supply voltage failure. Real time clock A standardized, battery buffered clock is provided, it is synchronized via binary input or the system interface. All events are recorded with a date and time tag. Disturbance event indications The indications of the last 3 disturbances are always accessible. Operation indications All indications which do not directly belong to a disturbance, are stored in the operation indication buffer. Assignable indication (alarm) relays, LEDs and binary inputs For user specific output and display of indications, indication (alarm) relays and LEDs can be freely assigned. The storable LED displays are secured against supply voltage failure. All binary inputs are similarly freely assignable. It is thus possible to assign a binary input to several logical inputs. Siemens LSA April

4 Technical data Input circuits Voltage supply via integrated DC/DC converter Setting ranges Impedance protection Out of step protection Rated current N Rated voltage V N, can be parameterized Rated frequency f N, can be parameterized Thermal overload capability in voltage path, continuous in current path, continuous 1s 10 s Power consumption in voltage path in current path Rated auxiliary voltage V aux at V N = 100 V at N = 1 A at N = 5 A Permissible tolerance at rated auxiliary voltage Power consumption Starting: Current > Reset ratio Undervoltage seal in V < Seal in time t Measurement: Resistance (R 1, R 1B ) Reactance (X 1, X 1B ) Times: Delay times t 1, t 1B Reset delay t r Minimum response time Starting: Positive sequence current 1 > Negative sequence current 2 > Power swing polygon Impedances Z a to Z d Angle of inclination P Number of admissible swings Characteristic 1 N1 Characteristic 2 N2 Times: Start holding time t H Holding time of out of step indication t M Reset delay t r 1 or 5 A 100 to 125 V AC 50/60 Hz 140 V AC 4 x N 100 x N 20 x N < 0.3 VA < 0.1 VA < 0.5 VA 24, 48 V DC or 60, 110, 125 V DC or 220, 250 V DC 20 to +15 % max. 16 W 0.2 to 4 x / N to 110 V 0.05 to 65 Ω 0.05 to 130 Ω approx. 80 ms 0.2 to 4 x / N 0.05 to 1 x / N 0.05 to 130 Ω 60 to 90 1 to 4 1 to to 32 s 0.02 to 0.15 s 0.05 to 32 s Unbalance load protection Warning stage 2 > Max. continuous admissible unbalanced load t 1 Tripping stage 2 Tripping time t 2, reset delay time t r Reset ratio Minimum response time Thermal replica Time constant Warning stage Reverse power protection Reverse power P > Delay times t 1, t 2 (without/with emergency tripping) Reset delay t r Reset ratio Minimum response time Earth fault protection Displacement voltage V E > Delay time t, reset delay time t r Reset ratio V E or E Minimum response time 3 to 30 % of 2 / N 10 to 80 % of 2 / N ms 100 to 2500 s max. 70 to 99 % of tripping stage 0.5 to 30 % of S N approx ms 5 to 120 V AC 0.7 or ms Pick up tolerances under rated conditions Current values Voltage values Impedance values Active power values Time values 3 % of setting value 3 % of setting value 3 % of setting value 5 % of setting value or 0.2 % off S N 10 ms 4 Siemens LSA April 1995

5 Technical data (continued) On load measurement Fault recording Contacts Displays, inputs Construction Display of values for current for voltage for frequency for active power for reactive power for load angle for load angle for resistance for reactance for inverse current Instantaneous values (approx. every 1.67 ms at 50 Hz) RMS values (approx. every 10 ms at 50 Hz) Potential free trip/command contacts Switching capacity make break Permissible current continuous 0.5 s Switching voltage Indication contacts Switching capacity make/break Permissible current Switching voltage LED displays on unit front inputs for 24 to 250 V DC operating voltage Current consumption independent of voltage range For panel surface mounting Weight approx. For panel flush mounting/cubicle mounting Weight approx. Protection class to EN L1, L2, L3, pos V L1, V L2, V L3, 3V 0, V pos Freq. P/S N Q/S N p.f. PHI R X 2, 2th. L1, L2, L3, v L1, v L2, v L3, 3v 0 pos, V pos, PHI, 2, R, X, P/S N, Q/S N 3 x 2 NO, 2 x 1 NO (total 5 trip relays) 1000 W/VA 30 W/VA 5 A 30 A 250 A DC 13 (see Fig. 5) 20 W/VA 1 A 250 V DC 16 8 approx. 2.5 ma in housing 7XP kg in housing 7XP kg IP 51 Standards DIN VDE 0435, part 303 and IEC or IEC Insulation tests Disturbance tests Degree of radio interference High voltage test Impulse voltage test High frequency test (1 MHz test) IEC , class III Electrostatic discharges (ESD test) IEC , class III Electromagnetic fields (Radiated electr. magn. field test) IEC (report), class III High speed, transient disturbances (Fast transient test) IEC 41B (CO) 53 (draft), class III DIN VDE 0871, limit value class B 2 kv (rms), 50 Hz; 1 min or alternatively 2.8 kv DC; 1 min 5 kv (peak); 1.2/50 s; 0.5 J; 3 positive and 3 negative shots at intervals of 5s 2.5 kv (peak); 1 MHz; = 15 s; 400 shots per s; duration 2 s 8 kv (peak); 5/30 ns; 10 positive discharges Frequency 27 MHz to 500 MHz; 10 V/m 2 kv (peak); 5/50 ns; 5 khz; 4 mj per pulse; 1 min per polarity Climatic conditions Permissible ambient temperature during service during storage during transport Humidity class 5 to +55 C 25 to +55 C 25 to +70 C Annual average 75% relative humidity; on 30 days/year up to 95% relative humidity; condensation not permissible Mechanical stress DIN Permissible mechanical stress during service during transport 10 to 60 Hz: mm amplitude 60 to 500 Hz: 0.5 g acceleration 5 to 8 Hz: 7.5 mm amplitude 8 to 500 Hz: 2 acceleration Siemens LSA April

6 Selection and ordering data Order No. 7UM516 generator protection relay 7UM516 A A 0 Rated current at 50 to 60 Hz, 100 to 125 V AC 1 A 5 A Rated auxiliary voltage 24, 48 V DC 60, 110, 125 V DC 220, 250 V DC Mechanical design for panel flush mounting or cubicle mounting for surface mounting for panel flush mounting or cubicle mounting, without glass cover Serial interface decoupled, wire connected (V24) integrated fibre optic connection C D E B C 6 Siemens LSA April 1995

7 Excitation system Unit transformer L1 L2 L3 G n I N I L1 I L2 I L3 e R L V L1 V L2 V L3 V N 3 V 0 I L1 I L2 I L3 LED Reset I N Reset thermal image I 2 Block I Pr I > Emergency trip valve contact Voltage transformer mcb Activation overreach stage Z 1Ü External signal 1 L External signal 2 Power supply RxD MR Version for panel surface mounting 3B1 Version for flush mounting/cubicle mounting 2B1 3B2 Alarm relay 1 2B2 3B3 2B3 2C2 2C4 3A1 3A2 2A1 2A2 1A1 1A2 8A2 8A1 8A4 8A3 7A2 7A1 7A4 7A3 8D2 8D1 8D4 8D3 7D2 7D1 7D4 7D3 input 1 input 2 input 3 input 4 input 5 input 6 input 7 input 8 7UM516 Alarm relay 2 Alarm relay 3 Alarm relay 4 Alarm relay 5 Alarm relay 6 Alarm relay 7 Alarm relay 8 Alarm relay 9 Alarm relay 10 Alarm relay 11 Alarm relay 12 Alarm relay 13 (Unit malfunction alarm) Trip/command relay 1 Trip/command relay 2 Trip/command relay 3 4B1 4B2 4A1 4A2 L Trip/command relay 4 Trip/command relay 5 V.24 interface, 2 kv isolated Coupling to central unit Fibre optic interface Coupling to central unit 7B1 8B1 6B1 7B2 8B2 6B2 7B3 8B3 6B3 7B4 8B4 6B4 3D1 4D1 3D2 4D2 3D3 4D3 3D4 4D4 3C1 4C1 3C2 4C2 3C3 4C3 3C4 4C4 6A3 6A1 6A2 5B1 5B3 5B4 5B2 5A1 5A3 5A4 5A2 6D1 6D3 6D4 6D2 5D1 5D2 5D3 5D4 4A3 4A Ind. out of step cl. 1 Ind. out of step cl.2 Trip out of step (cl. 1, cl. 2) Trip impedance protection (Z1) Group alarm (activ. L1, L2, L3) Anti hunt device impedance protection Trip reverse power l Pr l with SS Trip reverse power l Trip unbalanced load ( I 2 I 2th. ) Warning stage unbalanced load ( I 2 I 2th. ) Trip stator earth falut ( V 0 ) Trip coupling (M2) (M1) Internal failure Trip command 1 L Trip command 2 L Trip command 3 L Trip command 4 Trip command 5 TxD MT Optional V.24 or FO connection Fig. 5 Connection diagram for the 7UM516 Siemens LSA April

8 Dimension drawings in mm Diam. 5 or M4 Fibre optic interface Diam Front view Side view Panel cutout Fig. 6 7UM516 with housing 7XP (for panel flush mounting or cubicle mounting) Cutout 20 x 60 (without paint) detail Z: fibre optic interface Z Front view Side view Fig. 7 7UM516 with housing 7XP (for panel surface mounting) 8 Siemens LSA April 1995

9 Conditions of Sale and Delivery Export Regulations Trademarks Dimensions Conditions of Sale and Delivery Subject to the General Conditions of Supply and Delivery for Products and Services of the Electrical and Electronic Industry and to any other conditions agreed upon with the recipients of catalogs. Export Regulations In accordance with present German and US export regulations export licences (dated 03.95) are not required for the products listed in this catalog. Export and re export are therefore The technical data, dimensions and weights are subject to change unless otherwise stated on the individual pages of this catalog. The illustrations are for reference only. permissible without the approval of the relevant authorities except where current German export regulations contain country specific restrictions. We reserve the right to adjust the prices and shall charge the price applying on the date of delivery. A 9.91 a Subject to change. Relevant are the criteria stated in the delivery note and in the invoice. An export licence may be required due to country specific application of the product. Trademarks All product designations used are trademarks or product names of Siemens AG or of suppliers. Dimensions All dimensions in this catalog are given in mm Responsible for Technical contents: Norbert Schuster, Siemens AG, EV S T11, Nürnberg General editing: Claudia Kühn Sutiono, Siemens AG, EV MK 2, Erlangen Siemens LSA April

10 Bereich Energieübertragung und -verteilung Geschäftsgebiet Zähler, Sekundär- und Netzleittechnik P. O. Box D Nürnberg 10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power Transmission and Distribution Order No.: E50001-K5752 A151-A Siemens LSA April 1995 Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany KG K SC 10 En