Wide Area Time distribution Via eloran. NASPI WG Meeting
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1 Wide Area Time distribution Via eloran NASPI WG Meeting March
2 This work is supported through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) and the U.S. Coast Guard. This document does not contain critical or sensitive information and there are no risks with the public release of the information. April 19, 2016
3 Agenda eloran in Brief Overview Differences between Loran-C and eloran Capabilities eloran CRADA Results Description Detailed Results What Does it mean? eloran Timing coverage in the US Potential <1 µs Coverage Potential <100ns Coverage Challenges in high RF environments
4 What is Loran eloran?
5 What is Loran-C? Loran-C: Developed by DOD Global PNT standard: Regional PNT standard: present Radio Frequency (RF) system khz internationally protected spectrum Ground wave signal Very high power Pulsed Stratum-1e frequency standard Positioning, Navigation, Timing
6 What is Enhanced Loran (eloran)? Enhanced Loran: All the good stuff from Loran-C, plus: Time-of-Transmission control Differential corrections (dloran and/or DGPS) Receivers can use all-in-view signals New Infrastructure & Technology 21 st century solid state transmitters Independent of GPS: 3 cesium-based PRS at each transmitting site Precision time & frequency equipment Whole-system UPS Secure telecommunications New Operations Paradigms Unmanned and/or autonomous operation Sites v. Stations Time-of-Emission v. System Area Monitor Terrain effects (ASF) modeling and/or measurement Loran Data Channel (LDC) Additional integrity Transmissions synchronized to UTC
7 GPS and (e)loran How are they similar? Developed by/for DOD Time traceable to UTC Provide PNT Better with Augmentations Stratum-1e Hyperbolic Global Standards Free (when Government provided) Azimuth / Compass Ground Infrastructure Old / Antiquated? TV: Radar: Loran-A: Loran-C: SatNav:
8 GPS (GNSS) and (e)loran How are they different? System: Frequency: Power: Transmissions: Jamming: Spoofing: Integrity: Data Channel: Reach: Accuracy: Positioning: Propagation: View Required: GNSS eloran High Low Very Low Very High Space Terrestrial Easy Very Hard Easy Very Hard None Built In None At least one Global Continental Best Good 3D 2D* Atmosphere Ground Clear Obstructed OK *3D with altimeter
9 Agenda eloran in Brief Overview Differences between Loran-C and eloran Capabilities eloran CRADA Results Description Detailed Results What Does it mean? eloran Timing coverage in the US Potential <1 µs Coverage Potential <100ns Coverage Challenges in high RF environments
10 Evaluate eloran as a Wide Area Timing Source Transmissions from former USCG Loran Support Unit site at Wildwood, NJ 360 KW Effective Radiated Power Two Way Satellite Time Transfer (TWSTT) UTC reference from the US Naval Observatory Receivers Bangor, ME (500 Miles) N. Billerica, MA (310 Miles) Columbus, OH (440 Miles) Washington, DC (USNO) (120 Miles) Leesburg, VA (140 Miles) Ocala, FL (790 Miles) Technology Outdoor E-Field antenna Outdoor Loop antenna Loran Data Channel (LDC) demodulation available GPS and/or 5071A Cesium Primary Reference Standard used as comparison Criteria Meet one microsecond 2014 FRP timing user requirement
11 eloran Timing Evaluation Technology Laydown Wildwood, NJ to: (miles) USNO, DC: 120 Leesburg, VA: 140 N. Billerica, MA: 310 Rochester, NY 325 Gastonia, NC 425 Columbus, OH: 440 Bangor, ME: 500 Ocala, FL 790 LSU eloran transmitter at Wildwood, NJ Synchronized to UTC via Two Way Satellite Time Transfer (TWSTT) provided by US Naval Observatory 360KW of Effective Radiated Power Broadcasting dual rated as 8970 Master and Secondary LDC broadcast only on 8970 Secondary at raw data rate of 56 bps; effective rate of 21 bps Differential eloran Reference sites at: North Billerica, MA Leesburg, VA Gastonia, NC (Temporary)
12 Wildwood, NJ to Washington, DC (USNO) Washington, DC 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: December 2015 Distance to XMTR: 120 miles Mean: 22.9 ns STD: 26.1 ns Max: ns Min: ns
13 Wildwood, NJ to Washington, DC (USNO) Washington, DC 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: April 2016 Distance to XMTR: 120 miles Mean: 41.3 ns STD: 39.4 ns Max: ns Min: ns
14 Wildwood, NJ to Leesburg, VA Leesburg, VA 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: January 2016 Distance to XMTR: 140 miles Mean: ns STD: 79.9 ns Max: ns Min: ns
15 Wildwood, NJ to Leesburg, VA Leesburg, VA 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: April 2016 Distance to XMTR: 140 miles Mean: ns STD: 49.1 ns Max: ns Min: ns
16 Wildwood, NJ to Leesburg, VA Leesburg, VA 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: October November 2016 Distance to XMTR: 140 miles Mean: 79.1 Std : 33.1 Max : Min : -29.0
17 Wildwood, NJ to North Billerica, MA With and Without Differential Corrections ---North Billerica, MA --- With Differential Corrections 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: October November 2016 Distance to XMTR: 310 miles Without Differential corrections Mean: Std : 54.6 Max : Min : Period: October November 2016 Distance to XMTR: 310 miles With Differential corrections Mean: Std : 8.1 Max : 38.0 Min : -95.0
18 Wildwood, NJ to North Billerica, MA With and Without Differential Corrections ---North Billerica, MA --- With Differential Corrections 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: December 2016 Distance to XMTR: 310 miles Without Differential corrections Mean: Std : 92.8 Max : Min : 12.0 Period: December 2016 Distance to XMTR: 310 miles With Differential corrections Mean: -5.1 Std : 9.7 Max : 32.0 Min : -40.0
19 Wildwood, NJ to Columbus, OH Columbus, OH 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: April 2016 Distance to XMTR: 440 miles Mean: ns STD: 56.4 ns Max: ns Min: ns
20 Wildwood, NJ to Columbus, OH Columbus, OH 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: November 2016 Distance to XMTR: 440 miles Mean: 93.8 Std : 74.1 Max : Min :
21 Wildwood, NJ to Bangor, ME Bangor, ME 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: December 2015 Distance to XMTR: 500 miles Mean: 49.7 ns STD: 68.6 ns Max: ns Min: ns
22 Wildwood, NJ to Bangor, ME Bangor, ME 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: April 2016 Distance to XMTR: 500 miles Mean: ns STD: 69.7 ns Max: ns Min: ns
23 Wildwood, NJ to Bangor, ME Bangor, ME 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: August 2016 Distance to XMTR: 500 miles Mean: 87.6 Std : 32.9 Max : Min : 2.0
24 Wildwood, NJ to Bangor, ME Bangor, ME 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: December 2016 Distance to XMTR: 500 miles Mean: -9.1 Std : Max : Min :
25 Wildwood, NJ to Ocala, FL User Receiver Ocala, FL 2014 FRP +/- one microsecond as Y-Axis Period: December 2016 Distance to XMTR: 790 miles Mean: 93.0 Std : Max : Min :
26 eloran CRADA Summary Without differential corrections or augmentations, eloran results have easily demonstrated the ability to meet the (+/-) one microsecond timing synchronization requirement proposed in the 2014 Federal Radionavigation Plan (FRP) Without differential corrections or augmentations, eloran results within a 500 mile range of the test transmitter location have demonstrated (+/-) 500 nanoseconds synchronization to UTC Without differential corrections or augmentations, 95% of all data collected was within 200 Nanoseconds of UTC With differential corrections at certain locations in the vicinity of a Differential eloran Reference Station, eloran demonstrated time synchronization to UTC well within 100 nanoseconds eloran was proven in field trials to be a successful backup to GPS timing in a Wide Area Multilateration (WAM) aviation application, providing equivalent performance to GPS Additional aviation testing is ongoing, with plans underway to demonstrate precise time synchronization, Loran Data Channel (LDC) communication, and compass (heading) applications in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and General Aviation aircraft in 2017 eloran in Smart Grid application Proofs-of-Concept are planned for later in 2017
27 Agenda eloran in Brief Overview Differences between Loran-C and eloran Capabilities eloran CRADA Results Description Detailed Results What Does it mean? eloran Timing coverage in the US Potential <1 µs Coverage Potential <100ns Coverage
28 Potential 1 µs Coverage 4 Station
29 Potential 1 µs Coverage 8 Station
30 Representative 100 ns Coverage Notional Location of Differential eloran Reference Station Site
31 UrsaNav Contact Us for Collaborative Efforts! UrsaNav, Inc. 85 Rangeway Road Building 3, Suite 110 North Billerica, MA
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