9/17/2012. Chapter 5. Amateur Radio Equipment. Generalized Transceiver Categories

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "9/17/2012. Chapter 5. Amateur Radio Equipment. Generalized Transceiver Categories"

Transcription

1 Chapter 5 Amateur Radio Equipment Generalized Transceiver Categories Single Band Dual Band Multimode Multiband Handheld (HT) VHF or UHF FM VHF/UHF FM VHF/UHF HF and VHF/UHF FM (VHF, UHF, or Both) 1

2 Single Band FM Transceiver Probably the most common starter rig. Operates from 12 volts dc, requires external power supply. Requires an external antenna. Can be operated mobile or as a base station. Usually either 2 meters or 70 cm bands. Up to approximately 65 watts output. Dual Band FM Transceiver Same as the single band transceiver but includes additional band(s). Most common are 2 meter and 70 cm bands. Could add 6 meters, 222 MHz or 1.2 GHz. Depending on antenna connectors, might require separate coax for each band or a duplexer for single coax. 2

3 Multimode Transceiver Can be single or multiband. Main difference is that these rigs can operate on all major modes SSB/AM/FM, CW, Data, RTTY etc. More features add complexity and cost. Most flexible type of rig. It will allow you to explore new modes as you gain experience. Best for weak-signal communications. Multiband HF Transceiver Covers many bands can be limited to HF or can be HF/VHF/UHF. Also covers all modes. Frequently 100 watts on HF, some power limitations on high bands (50 watts). Larger units may have internal power supplies, smaller units need external power supply (13.8 V). 3

4 Handheld (HT) Transceiver Small handheld FM units. Can be single band or dual band. Limited power (usually 5 watts or less). External RF power amplifier. Includes power (battery) and antenna in one package. An attractive first starter rig but make sure it is what you want. Rig Vocabulary We will now go through some jargon and vocabulary specific to the functions and controls of a transmitter and receiver. This is a way to discuss how to operate a transceiver. These controls, though separate, are combined in a transceiver. 4

5 Transmitter Controls & Functions Main tuning dial (both TX and RX): Controls the frequency selection via the variable frequency oscillator (VFO). Could be an actual dial or key pad or programmed channels. Variable frequency step size (tuning rate, resolution). Could have more than one VFO (control more that one frequency at a time). Transmitter Controls & Functions Mode selector (both TX and RX for multimode rigs). Multimode rigs only. AM/FM/SSB (LSB or USB) CW Data (RTTY) Could be automatic. Based on recognized band plan. 5

6 Transmitter Controls & Functions Microphone controls Gain How loudly you need to talk to be heard. Speech Compressor or Speech Processor Compacting your speech into a narrow amplitude range to enhance punch. Transmitter Controls & Functions Microphone controls Too much gain or compression can cause problems. Over-deviation Over-modulation Splatter 6

7 Transmitter Controls & Functions Automatic Level Control (ALC). Automatically limits transmitter drive (output level) to prevent problems associated with too much gain or compression. Also can control external power amplifier operation. Transmitter Controls & Functions Transmitter on/off. Push-to-Talk (PTT). Voice-Operated Transmission (VOX). VOX Gain. VOX Delay. Anti-VOX. Key Jack. 7

8 Transmitter Controls & Functions Microphones (Mic). Hand microphones. Desk microphones. Preamplified desk microphones. Speaker-microphones. Headsets or boom-sets. Internal microphones. Some microphones include PTT & power. Not all microphones use same connector. If same connector, not all wired the same. Transmitter Controls & Functions Morse Keys. Straight key. Semi-automatic (Bug). Electronic keyer and paddle. Electronic keyer often built into transceiver. Computer keyboard. 8

9 Transmitter Controls & Functions Transmitter Controls & Functions Transmit Meter. Output power. ALC Level. SWR Final amplifier stage current. 9

10 Receiver Controls & Functions AF Gain or Volume Controls the audio level to the speaker or headphones. RF Gain Controls the strength of radio signal entering the receiver. Used to limit (attenuate) very strong local signals. Usually operated in the full-open position. Not always best practice. Receiver Controls & Functions Automatic Gain Control (AGC) Automatically limits the incoming signals during signal (voice) peaks. Prevents peaks from capturing the receiver and limiting reception of lower level portions of the incoming signal. Fast setting for CW. Slow settings for SSB and AM. Not used for FM. 10

11 Receiver Controls & Functions Squelch. Turns off audio to speaker when signal is not present. Open allows very weak signals to pass through (along with noise). Tight allows only the strongest signals to pass through. Advance the squelch control until the noise just disappears. Used primarily for FM. Receiver Controls & Functions Filters Bandwidth filter Used to narrow the width of signal that is passed. Can attenuate adjacent interference. Notch filter Very narrow filter that can be moved over an interfering signal to attenuate it. Noise blanker or limiter Limits signal spikes that are frequently associated with random naturally generated noise. 11

12 Receiver Controls & Functions Receiver Incremental Tuning (RIT). a.k.a. Clarifier. Used to adjust receiver frequency a small amount without changing the transmit frequency. A single-sideband signal sounds funny if slightly off frequency. Receiver Controls & Functions Receive Meter. Signal strength. Measured in S units. S1 to S9, db over S9. S9 = 1 mv at antenna terminals. S9 = -73 dbm. 0 dbm = 1 mw into 50Ω load. Increase of 1 S-unit = Increase of 6 db. 12

13 Receiver Controls & Functions Receivers can be limited to ham bands or can cover other parts of the spectrum. General coverage receivers cover a wide area of the spectrum and can be used for shortwave listening (SWL). Handheld Transceivers Single, dual and multiband versions (with increasing cost and complexity). Some have expanded receiver coverage (wide-band receive). Very portable and self-contained. Internal microphone and speaker. Rubber duck antenna. Battery powered. 13

14 Handheld Transceivers Nice to have handheld accessories: Extra battery packs. Drop-in, fast charger. Extended antenna. External microphone and speaker. Headset. T2B03 - Which of the following describes the muting of receiver audio controlled solely by the presence or absence of an RF signal? A. Tone squelch B. Carrier squelch C. CTCSS D. Modulated carrier 14

15 T4A01 - Which of the following is true concerning the microphone connectors on amateur transceivers? A. All transceivers use the same microphone connector type B. Some connectors include push-to-talk and voltages for powering the microphone C. All transceivers using the same connector type are wired identically D. Un-keyed connectors allow any microphone to be connected T4B01 - What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high? A. The output power might be too high B. The output signal might become distorted C. The frequency might vary D. The SWR might increase 15

16 T4B02 - Which of the following can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver? A. The keypad or VFO knob B. The CTCSS or DTMF encoder C. The Automatic Frequency Control D. All of these choices are correct T4B03 - What is the purpose of a squelch control on a transceiver? A. To set the highest level of volume desired B. To set the transmitter power level C. To adjust the automatic gain control D. To mute receiver output noise when no signal is being received 16

17 T4B04 - What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver? A. Enable the CTCSS tones B. Store the frequency in a memory channel C. Disable the CTCSS tones D. Use the scan mode to select the desired frequency T4B05 - Which of the following would reduce ignition interference to a receiver? A. Change frequency slightly B. Decrease the squelch setting C. Turn on the noise blanker D. Use the RIT control 17

18 T4B07 - What does the term RIT mean? A. Receiver Input Tone B. Receiver Incremental Tuning C. Receiver Inverter Test D. Remote Input Transmitter T4B08 - What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver? A. Permits monitoring several modes at once B. Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode C. Increases the number of frequencies that can be stored in memory D. Increases the amount of offset between receive and transmit frequencies 18

19 T4B09 - Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter to select in order to minimize noise and interference for SSB reception? A. 500 Hz B Hz C Hz D Hz T4B10 - Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter to select in order to minimize noise and interference for CW reception? A. 500 Hz B Hz C Hz D Hz 19

20 T7A09 - Which of the following devices is most useful for VHF weak-signal communication? A. A quarter-wave vertical antenna B. A multi-mode VHF transceiver C. An omni-directional antenna D. A mobile VHF FM transceiver T7A10 - What device increases the lowpower output from a handheld transceiver? A. A voltage divider B. An RF power amplifier C. An impedance network D. A voltage regulator 20

21 T7B01 - What can you do if you are told your FM handheld or mobile transceiver is over deviating? A. Talk louder into the microphone B. Let the transceiver cool off C. Change to a higher power level D. Talk farther away from the microphone T8D10 - Which of the following can be used to transmit CW in the amateur bands? A. Straight Key B. Electronic Keyer C. Computer Keyboard D. All of these choices are correct 21

22 Data Modes a.k.a. Digital modes. Connecting computers via ham radio. Some systems use radio to connect to internet gateways. The bulk of the work is done by specialized modems or computer software/sound card. Terminal Node Controller (TNC). Multiple Protocol Controller (MPC). Digital Modes Error Correction. Bit Error Rate (BER). BER = number of bit errors / total number of bits. Forward Error Correction (FEC). Adds extra information so that data can be reconstructed. (e.g. - MFSK-16) Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ). If error detected, asks sending station to retransmit data. (e.g. - packet radio) 22

23 Popular Digital Modes Radioteletype (RTTY) PSK31. Packet Radio. Automatic Packet Reporting System (APRS). Winlink. And many, many more. Automatic Packet Reporting System 23

24 Data Station Setup Internet Gateway 24

25 T4A06 - Which of the following would be connected between a transceiver and computer in a packet radio station? A. Transmatch B. Mixer C. Terminal node controller D. Antenna T4A07 - How is the computer s sound card used when conducting digital communications using a computer? A. The sound card communicates between the computer CPU and the video display B. The sound card records the audio frequency for video display C. The sound card provides audio to the microphone input and converts received audio to digital form D. All of these choices are correct 25

26 T7B12 - What does the acronym BER mean when applied to digital communications systems? A. Baud Enhancement Recovery B. Baud Error Removal C. Bit Error Rate D. Bit Exponent Resource T8C11 - What name is given to an amateur radio station that is used to connect other amateur stations to the Internet? A. A gateway B. A repeater C. A digipeater D. A beacon 26

27 T8D01 - Which of the following is an example of a digital communications method? A. Packet B. PSK31 C. MFSK D. All of these choices are correct T8D02 - What does the term APRS mean? A. Automatic Position Reporting System B. Associated Public Radio System C. Auto Planning Radio Set-up D. Advanced Polar Radio System NOTE: This is an error in the question pool. The correct answer should read: Automatic Packet Reporting System. 27

28 T8D02 - What does the term APRS mean? A. Automatic Position Reporting System B. Associated Public Radio System C. Auto Planning Radio Set-up D. Advanced Polar Radio System NOTE: This is an error in the question pool. The correct answer should read: Automatic Packet Reporting System. T8D03 - Which of the following is normally used when sending automatic location reports via amateur radio? A. A connection to the vehicle speedometer B. A WWV receiver C. A connection to a broadcast FM subcarrier receiver D. A Global Positioning System receiver 28

29 T8D06 - What does the abbreviation PSK mean? A. Pulse Shift Keying B. Phase Shift Keying C. Packet Short Keying D. Phased Slide Keying T8D07 - What is PSK31? A. A high-rate data transmission mode B. A method of reducing noise interference to FM signals C. A method of compressing digital television signal D. A low-rate data transmission mode 29

30 T8D08 - Which of the following may be included in packet transmissions? A. A check sum which permits error corrections B. A header which contains the call sign of the station to which the information is being sent C. Automatic repeat request in case of error D. All of these choices are correct T8D09 - What code is used when sending CW in the amateur bands? A. Baudot B. Hamming C. International Morse D. Gray 30

31 T8D11 - What is a parity bit? A. A control code required for automatic position reporting B. A timing bit used to ensure equal sharing of a frequency C. An extra code element used to detect errors in received data D. A triple width bit used to signal the end of a character Break 31

32 Power Supplies House power is ~120 VAC, 60 Hz. Most modern radios require ~12 VDC. Actually 13.8 VDC. A power supply is a device that converts 120 VAC power to the desired DC voltage or voltages. Power Supplies Unregulated supply. Simple circuit. Voltage can vary over a wide range with changing load current. Regulated supply. More complex circuit. Voltage is nearly constant with changing load. Modern rigs work best with a regulated power supply. 32

33 Power Supplies Regulated Power Supplies. Linear. Large & heavy. Inefficient. Generate heat. Easy to repair. Less expensive. Power Supplies Regulated Power Supplies. Switching. Small & lightweight. Very efficient. More difficult to repair. More expensive. 33

34 Power Supplies Ratings: Continuous current. How much current can be supplied over the long term. Intermittent current. How much surge current can be supplied over the short term. Voltage regulation. How well the power supply can handle rapid current changes. Mobile Power Wiring Fuse BOTH positive & negative leads close to the power connection. Connect negative lead to battery or to battery ground connection. Use grommets or sleeves to protect wires where they pass through firewall. Do NOT assume that all metal body parts are grounded. 34

35 Mobile Power Wiring Mobile installations can suffer from noise from the vehicle electrical system. Receive Interference. Ignition noise. Regular noise pulses when spark plugs fire. Alternator whine. High-pitched whine that varies in frequency with engine speed. Transmit Interference. Alternator whine. Generators & Inverters For emergency & portable operations, commercial AC power may not be available. Generator. Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. Inverter. Converts DC voltage to AC voltage. 35

36 Generators & Inverters For emergency & portable operations, commercial AC power may not be available. Generator. Converts mechanical energy to AC or DC electrical energy. Inverter. Converts DC voltage to AC voltage. Generators & Inverters Motor-Generator Sets. AC generator connected to small gasoline engine. Old technology. Less Expensive. Typically very noisy. Output voltage not pure sine wave. Distorted output may damage sensitive electronic equipment. 36

37 Generators & Inverters Motor-Generator-Inverter Sets. DC generator connected to small gasoline engine & DC voltage fed to an inverter. New technology. More expensive. Relatively quiet. Output voltage is pure sine wave. Safe for sensitive electronic equipment. Generators & Inverters 37

38 T4A03 - Which is a good reason to use a regulated power supply for communications equipment? A. It prevents voltage fluctuations from reaching sensitive circuits B. A regulated power supply has FCC approval C. A fuse or circuit breaker regulates the power D. Power consumption is independent of load T4A03 - Which is a good reason to use a regulated power supply for communications equipment? A. It prevents voltage fluctuations from reaching sensitive circuits B. A regulated power supply has FCC approval C. A fuse or circuit breaker regulates the power D. Power consumption is independent of load 38

39 T4A10 - What is the source of a highpitched whine that varies with engine speed in a mobile transceiver s receive audio? A. The ignition system B. The alternator C. The electric fuel pump D. Anti-lock braking system controllers T4A11 - Where should a mobile transceiver s power negative connection be made? A. At the battery or engine block ground strap B. At the antenna mount C. To any metal part of the vehicle D. Through the transceiver s mounting bracket 39

40 T5A06 - How much voltage does a mobile transceiver usually require? A. About 12 volts B. About 30 volts C. About 120 volts D. About 240 volts T6D05 - What type of circuit controls the amount of voltage from a power supply? A. Regulator B. Oscillator C. Filter D. Phase inverter 40

41 T7B09 - What could be happening if another operator reports a variable high-pitched whine on the audio from your mobile transmitter? A. Your microphone is picking up noise from an open window B. You have the volume on your receiver set too high C. You need to adjust your squelch control D. Noise on the vehicle s electrical system is being transmitted along with your speech audio Batteries Create electrical energy through a chemical reaction. Primary cell. Chemical reaction is not reversible. Cannot be recharged. Secondary cell. Chemical reaction is reversible. Can be recharged. 41

42 Batteries Cell voltage depends on chemicals used. Capacity rated in Ampere-hours (AH) or milliampere hours (mah). 500 mah battery will provide: 500 ma for 1 hour. 50 ma for 10 hours. 25 ma for 20 hours. 5 ma for 100 hours. etc. Batteries Lead-Acid. Secondary cell. Approximately 2.12 Volts per cell. 12V battery = 6 cells in series. Open-Circuit at full charge: 12.6 V to 12.8 V Open-circuit at full discharge: 11.8 V to 12.0 V Loaded at full discharge: 10.5 V Float Charge: 13.8 V Daily Charge: 14.2 V to 14.5 V 42

43 Batteries Lead-Acid. If overcharged will release hydrogen gas. Remember the Hindenberg! ALWAYS use in well-ventilated area! Gassing threshold ~14.4 V. Batteries Gel-Cell. a.k.a. Sealed lead-acid (SLA). Electrolyte is in a gel form rather then liquid. Sealed so does not vent hydrogen gas. Avoid over charging to prevent build up of internal pressure. 43

44 Other Types of Batteries Chemistry Cell Voltage Type Carbon-Zinc (obsolete) 1.5V Disposable Alkaline 1.5V Disposable* Nickel-Cadmium (NiCad) Nickel-Metal-Hydride (NiMH) Lithium Ion (LI-Ion) 1.2V Rechargeable 1.2V Rechargeable 3.6V Rechargeable Battery Charging Some batteries can be recharged, some cannot. Use the proper charger for the battery being charged. Batteries will wear out over time. Best if batteries are maintained fully charged. Over-charging will cause heating and could damage the battery. 44

45 Handheld Transceiver Batteries Battery packs packages of several individual rechargeable batteries connected together. NiCd (nickel-cadmium). NiMH (nickel-metal hydride). Li-ion (lithium-ion). For emergencies, have a battery pack that can use disposable batteries (usually AA size). T6A10 - What is the nominal voltage of a fully charged nickel-cadmium cell? A. 1.0 volts B. 1.2 volts C. 1.5 volts D. 2.2 volts 45

46 T6A11 - Which battery type is not rechargeable? A. Nickel-cadmium B. Carbon-zinc C. Lead-acid D. Lithium-ion T0A08 - What is one way to recharge a 12- volt lead-acid station battery if the commercial power is out? A. Cool the battery in ice for several hours B. Add acid to the battery C. Connect the battery to a car s battery and run the engine D. All of these choices are correct 46

47 T0A09 - What kind of hazard is presented by a conventional 12-volt storage battery? A. It emits ozone which can be harmful to the atmosphere B. Shock hazard due to high voltage C. Explosive gas can collect if not properly vented D. All of these choices are correct T0A10 - What can happen if a lead-acid storage battery is charged or discharged too quickly? A. The battery could overheat and give off flammable gas or explode B. The voltage can become reversed C. The memory effect will reduce the capacity of the battery D. All of these choices are correct 47

48 Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Radio frequency signals (RF) causing interference with the proper operation of an electronic device. Your transmitted signal can interfere with electronic devices, even if it is operating properly. Radio frequency signals generated by electrical devices can interfere with your receiver. Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Filters. Used to prevent interfering signals from entering a piece of equipment. High-Pass -- Passes frequencies above a frequency. Low-Pass -- Passes frequencies below a frequency. Band-Pass -- Passes frequencies within a frequency range. Band-Reject -- Passes frequencies outside of a frequency range. 48

49 Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) RF choke. a.k.a. Common-mode choke. a.k.a. Ferrite choke. Special type magnetic material (ferrite) placed around a conductor or cable. The lump in computer cables. Prevents RF from entering or leaving a piece of electronic equipment via the cable. Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Ferrite choke. 49

50 Types of RFI Direct detection. The presence of a strong RF signal can interference with an electronic device even if the transmitter is operating properly. Often caused by the device acting as a receiver even when it is not designed to. Semiconductors in the device can act as diode detectors. This is called direct detection. Types of RFI Direct detection. Telephones. Direct detection is most common type of RFI. Low-pass filter at telephone wall jack. Ferrite choke on telephone cord. Stereos. Touch-activated lamps. Electronic doorbells. 50

51 Types of RFI Overload. Very strong off-frequency signals can overwhelm the input stages of a receiver. Interfering signal may be heard regardless of frequency (channel) receiver is tuned to. Problem lies within the receiver. Add filters to receiver input. e.g. Add band-reject (notch) filter to prevent a 2-meter signal from interfering with broadcast TV. Adding filters to transmitter will not help. Types of RFI Harmonics & Spurious Emissions. All transmitted signals contain harmonics and other spurious emissions (spurs). Goal is to reduce strength of harmonics & spursas much as possible. Good transmitter design. Proper operation. 51

52 Types of RFI Harmonics & Spurious Emissions. Problem lies within the transmitter. Install low-pass filter or band-pass filter between transmitter and antenna to reduce harmonics. Filtering may not reduce strength of spurious emissions (non-harmonic) if close to transmitter frequency. Adding filters to receiver input will not help. Types of RFI Cable TV Interference Usually the result of broken shielding somewhere in the cable. Loose connections. Broken connections. Corroded connections. Usually solved by proper cable maintenance by cable supplier. 52

53 Types of RFI Noise Sources. Most interference to amateur radio receivers is not from transmitters, but from unintentional radiators. Electrical arcs (motors, thermostats, electric fences, neon signs, etc.). Power lines. Motor vehicle ignitions or alternators. Switching power supplies. Computers, networks, and TV sets. Types of RFI Intermodulation. Two signals combine (mix) to produce an interfering signal. Find circuit where mixing is occurring. Add filter(s) to eliminate one or both of the signals being mixed. 53

54 Dealing with RFI Make sure you operate your equipment properly. Eliminate interference in your own home first. Dealing with RFI Take interference complaints seriously. Make sure that you re really not the cause. Demonstrate that you don t interfere within your own home. Offer to help eliminate the RFI, even if you are not at fault. Consult ARRL RFI Resources for help and assistance. 54

55 What the Rules Say RFI from and to unlicensed devices is the responsibility of the users of such devices. Bottom line If your station is operating properly, you are protected against interference complaints. BUT Be a good neighbor because they may (probably) not be familiar with Part 15 rules and regulations. T4A04 - Where must a filter be installed to reduce harmonic emissions? A. Between the transmitter and the antenna B. Between the receiver and the transmitter C. At the station power supply D. At the microphone 55

56 T4A05 - What type of filter should be connected to a TV receiver as the first step in trying to prevent RF overload from a nearby 2 meter transmitter? A. Low-pass filter B. High-pass filter C. Band-pass filter D. Band-reject filter T4A09 - Which would you use to reduce RF current flowing on the shield of an audio cable? A. Band-pass filter B. Low-pass filter C. Preamplifier D. Ferrite choke 56

57 T7B04 - What is the most likely cause of interference to a non-cordless telephone from a nearby transmitter? A. Harmonics from the transmitter B. The telephone is inadvertently acting as a radio receiver C. Poor station grounding D. Improper transmitter adjustment T7B05 - What is a logical first step when attempting to cure a radio frequency interference problem in a nearby telephone? A. Install a low-pass filter at the transmitter B. Install a high-pass filter at the transmitter C. Install an RF filter at the telephone D. Improve station grounding 57

58 T7B06 - What should you do first if someone tells you that your station s transmissions are interfering with their radio or TV reception? A. Make sure that your station is functioning properly and that it does not cause interference to your own television B. Immediately turn off your transmitter and contact the nearest FCC office for assistance C. Tell them that your license gives you the right to transmit and nothing can be done to reduce the interference D. Continue operating normally because your equipment cannot possibly cause any interference T7B07 - Which of the following may be useful in correcting a radio frequency interference problem? A. Snap-on ferrite chokes B. Low-pass and high-pass filters C. Band-reject and band-pass filters D. All of these choices are correct 58

59 T7B08 - What should you do if a Part 15 device in your neighbor s home is causing harmful interference to your amateur station? A. Work with you neighbor to identify the offending device B. Politely inform your neighbor about the rules that require him to stop using the device if it causes interference C. Check your station and make sure it meets the standards of good amateur practice D. All of these choices are correct Electrical Grounding Make sure your home is up to code. Most ham equipment does not require special wiring or circuits. Use 3-wire power cords. Use circuit breakers, circuit breaker outlets, or Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) circuit breakers. Use proper fuse or circuit breaker size. Don t overload single outlets. 59

60 RF Grounding Amateur radio stations require a separate RF ground. Lack of a proper RF ground can result in: RF burns when touching equipment while transmitting. RF feedback resulting in distorted audio on transmitted signal. Erratic operation of computer equipment. RF Grounding All equipment should be connected to a common ground. Ground should be as short as possible. Use wide, flat copper strap or braid. 60

61 Lightning Protection Install a separate ground rod by each leg of your tower. Do NOT run ground rods through concrete base. Ground rods should be bonded to the tower leg & to each other. Connect to station ground. T7B11 - What is a symptom of RF feedback in a transmitter or transceiver? A. Excessive SWR at the antenna connection B. The transmitter will not stay on the desired frequency C. Reports of garbled, distorted, or unintelligible transmissions D. Frequent blowing of power supply fuses 61

62 T4A08 - What type of conductor is best to use for RF grounding? A. Round stranded wire B. Round copper-clad steel wire C. Twisted-pair cable D. Flat strap Questions? 62

63 Next Session Chapter 7 Licensing Regulations Chapter 8 Operating Regulations 63

Technician License Course Chapter 5. Lesson Plan Module 11 Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers

Technician License Course Chapter 5. Lesson Plan Module 11 Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers Technician License Course Chapter 5 Lesson Plan Module 11 Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers Generalized Transceiver Categories Mobile Single Band Dual Band All Band Multimode Handheld (HT) VHF/UHF

More information

Amateur Radio License. Radios, Power, RFI

Amateur Radio License. Radios, Power, RFI Amateur Radio License Radios, Power, RFI Todays Topics Types of Modulation : Chapter 2 Radio Equipment : Chapter 5 Radios Digital Communications Power Supplies and Batteries RF Interference, Grounding

More information

SUBELEMENT T4. Amateur radio practices and station set up. 2 Exam Questions - 2 Groups

SUBELEMENT T4. Amateur radio practices and station set up. 2 Exam Questions - 2 Groups SUBELEMENT T4 Amateur radio practices and station set up 2 Exam Questions - 2 Groups 1 T4A Station setup: connecting microphones; reducing unwanted emissions; power source; connecting a computer; RF grounding;

More information

Operating Station Equipment

Operating Station Equipment Amateur Radio License Class Operating Station Equipment Presented by Steve Gallafent October 3, 2007 Operating Station Equipment Modulation Modulation is the process of adding information to a radio signal

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 3 Operating Station Equipment. Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers PHYS 401 P. Reiff 2009

Technician License Course Chapter 3 Operating Station Equipment. Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers PHYS 401 P. Reiff 2009 Technician License Course Chapter 3 Operating Station Equipment Transmitters, Receivers and Transceivers PHYS 401 P. Reiff 2009 Generalized Transceiver Categories Single Band Dual Band Multi-mode Multi-band

More information

Lesson 9: Base Stations

Lesson 9: Base Stations Lesson 9: Base Stations Preparation for Amateur Radio Technician Class Exam Topics Home Stations Basic Station Layout RTTY and Data Communications Station Accessories Wavelengths Feed Lines Impedance-matching

More information

Elmer Session Hand Out for 3/3/11 de W6WTI. Some Common Controls Found On Amateur Radio Transceivers. (From ARRL web site tutorial)

Elmer Session Hand Out for 3/3/11 de W6WTI. Some Common Controls Found On Amateur Radio Transceivers. (From ARRL web site tutorial) Elmer Session Hand Out for 3/3/11 de W6WTI Some Common Controls Found On Amateur Radio Transceivers. (From ARRL web site tutorial) The placement of the controls may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer

More information

Interference & Suppression Page 59

Interference & Suppression Page 59 INTERFERENCE Interference & Suppression Page 59 Front-End Overload, Cross-Modulation What is meant by receiver overload? Interference caused by strong signals from a nearby transmitter What is one way

More information

Technician Licensing Class. Lesson 4. presented by the Arlington Radio Public Service Club Arlington County, Virginia

Technician Licensing Class. Lesson 4. presented by the Arlington Radio Public Service Club Arlington County, Virginia Technician Licensing Class Lesson 4 presented by the Arlington Radio Public Service Club Arlington County, Virginia 1 Quiz Sub elements T6 & T7 2 Good Engineering Practice Sub element T8 3 A Basic Station

More information

Icom IC-9100 HF/VHF/UHF transceiver

Icom IC-9100 HF/VHF/UHF transceiver 263 Walsall Road, Great Wyrley, Walsall, WS6 6DL Established 1997. Open Monday - Friday 9am - 5pm and Saturday 9.30am - 4pm Tel: 01922 414 796 Fax: 01922 417829 Skype: radioworld_uk Icom IC-9100 HF/VHF/UHF

More information

Radio Station Setup and Electrical Principles

Radio Station Setup and Electrical Principles Radio Station Setup and Electrical Principles Covers sections: T4A-T5D Seth Price, N3MRA February 20, 2016 Outline 4.1 Station Setup 4.2 Operating Controls 4.3 Electronic Principles 4.4 Ohm s Law 4.5 Power

More information

Radio Frequency Interference. ARRL Book Section 3.5

Radio Frequency Interference. ARRL Book Section 3.5 Radio Frequency Interference ARRL Book Section 3.5 Interference Hearing something or signals getting where not suppose to Things like hearing the radio on your telephone or telephone calls on your TV Sometimes

More information

QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Installation 1. Install a ground system for DC noise suppression and RFI suppression 2. Install your DC power supply 3. Install lightning protection. This will help protect more than

More information

Ham Radio Training. Level 1 Technician Level. Presented by Richard Bosch KJ4WBB

Ham Radio Training. Level 1 Technician Level. Presented by Richard Bosch KJ4WBB Ham Radio Training Level 1 Technician Level Presented by Richard Bosch KJ4WBB In this chapter, you ll learn about: What is a radio signal The characteristics of radio signals How modulation adds information

More information

SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER DUAL Conversion SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER

SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER DUAL Conversion SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER DUAL Conversion 146 MHz Image 102.4 MHz Radio Frequency Amplifier Optional Mixer Oscillator Wide Filter 1 st Intermediate Frequency Amplifier 21.8 MHz

More information

GRAND STRAND AMATEUR RADIO CLUB

GRAND STRAND AMATEUR RADIO CLUB The GRAND STRAND AMATEUR RADIO CLUB (GSARC) Myrtle Beach SC is offering used amateur related equipment for sale. Written bids may be submitted to the GSARC up to Friday, November 23 rd, 2018. Only currently

More information

DX AM FM SSB CW PA Amateur Base Station Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL RX / TX 2 4 POWER NF CHANNEL MODE RF POWER OFF CAL OFF OFF CALIBRATE

DX AM FM SSB CW PA Amateur Base Station Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL RX / TX 2 4 POWER NF CHANNEL MODE RF POWER OFF CAL OFF OFF CALIBRATE 1 2 3 6 4050 ULA 6070 TI 80 90 100 9 DX 2517 2517 RX / TX 0 2 4 SWR WATTS SET 81012 22 1 010 3 2030 5 MOD 7 ON dbover 9 SIGNAL +20 +40+60 PA FM AM USB LSB CW POWER ON SWR NB / ANL R.BEEP +10KHz NF CHANNEL

More information

Lesson 2 HF Procedures and Practices Overview

Lesson 2 HF Procedures and Practices Overview Lesson 2 HF Procedures and Practices Overview On Display QSL Cards On Display Icom IC-7000 On Display Buxcomm Rascal Sound card interface: PSK31 SSTV RTTY Packet Digital Voice MFSK16 -more- Operating Techniques

More information

Operation Manual. SlJPER ST AR Channel Mobile 5-Mode Transceiver -----~- --:.. KTSS200NXX ,, I

Operation Manual. SlJPER ST AR Channel Mobile 5-Mode Transceiver -----~- --:.. KTSS200NXX ,, I Operation Manual!.,, SlJPER ST AR 2000 200 Channel Mobile 5-Mode Transceiver -----~- --:.. KTSS200NXX General Description l Frequency/Channel Chart The Super Star -2000 is a combination transmitter-receiver

More information

SPECS FEATURES SUPPLIED ACCESSORIES. HF All Band Transceiver

SPECS FEATURES SUPPLIED ACCESSORIES. HF All Band Transceiver 718 HF All Band Transceiver RX 0.030-29.999999MHz* TX 1.800-1.999999 MHz** 3.500-3.999999 MHz** 7.000-7.300000 MHz 10.100-10.150000 MHz 14.000-14.350000 MHz 18.068-18.168000 MHz 21.000-21.450000 MHz 24.890-24.990000

More information

CON NEX HP. OWNER'S MANUAL Full Channel AM/FM Amateur Mobile Transceiver TABLE OF CONTENTS TUNING THE ANTENNA FOR OPTIMUM S.W.R..

CON NEX HP. OWNER'S MANUAL Full Channel AM/FM Amateur Mobile Transceiver TABLE OF CONTENTS TUNING THE ANTENNA FOR OPTIMUM S.W.R.. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE SPECIFICATIONS... 2 INSTALLATION... 3 LOCATION... 3 CON NEX - 4300HP MOUNTING THE RADIO... 3 IGNITION NOISE INTERFERENCE... 4 ANTENNA... 4 TUNING THE ANTENNA FOR OPTIMUM S.W.R..

More information

Technician Licensing Class T6

Technician Licensing Class T6 Technician Licensing Class T6 Amateur Radio Course Monroe EMS Building Monroe, Utah January 11/18, 2014 January 22, 2014 Testing Session Valid dates: July 1, 2010 June 30, 2014 Amateur Radio Technician

More information

KENWOOD SKY COMMAND SYSTEM

KENWOOD SKY COMMAND SYSTEM KENWOOD SKY COMMAND SYSTEM Operation Manual KENWOOD COMMINICATIONS CORPORATION KENWOOD COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION This operation manual is used for the KENWOOD SKY COMMAND SYSTEM (hereinafter referred

More information

The amazing evolution of the 706 series

The amazing evolution of the 706 series The amazing evolution of the 706 series The IC-706MKIIG carries on the 706 series tradition of base station performance and features in a mobile reg-sized package. Building on this legacy, frequency coverage

More information

Test Equipment. PHYS 401 Physics of Ham Radio

Test Equipment. PHYS 401 Physics of Ham Radio Test Equipment Voltmeter - an instrument that is used to measure voltage. It is used in parallel with a circuit to be measured. a series resistor extends the range of the meter. Ammeter - an instrument

More information

LnR Precision, Inc. 107 East Central Avenue, Asheboro, NC

LnR Precision, Inc. 107 East Central Avenue, Asheboro, NC LD5 CW/SSB QRP Transceiver Quick guide manual Description: At the development base of the digital signal processing unit, an algorithm is embedded for IQ processing of the channels with phase suppression

More information

FT-897 Alignment. Local Oscillator Adjustment. PLL Adjustment

FT-897 Alignment. Local Oscillator Adjustment. PLL Adjustment FT-897 Local Oscillator Adjustment Reference Frequency Adjustment a. Connect a frequency counter to TP1032. b. Adjust the trimmer capacitor (TC5001) for 67.875000MHz ±5Hz on the frequency counter. c. Connect

More information

T6A4. Electrical components; fixed and variable resistors, capacitors, and inductors; fuses, switches, batteries

T6A4. Electrical components; fixed and variable resistors, capacitors, and inductors; fuses, switches, batteries Amateur Radio Technician Class Element Course Presentation ti ELEMENT SUB-ELEMENTS Technician Licensing Class Supplement T Electrical/Electronic Components Exam Questions, Groups T - FCC Rules, descriptions

More information

Radio Receivers. Al Penney VO1NO

Radio Receivers. Al Penney VO1NO Radio Receivers Al Penney VO1NO Role of the Receiver The Antenna must capture the radio wave. The desired frequency must be selected from all the EM waves captured by the antenna. The selected signal is

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 2. Lesson Plan Module 3 Modulation and Bandwidth

Technician License Course Chapter 2. Lesson Plan Module 3 Modulation and Bandwidth Technician License Course Chapter 2 Lesson Plan Module 3 Modulation and Bandwidth The Basic Radio Station What Happens During Radio Communication? Transmitting (sending a signal): Information (voice, data,

More information

Radio and Electronics Fundamentals

Radio and Electronics Fundamentals Amateur Radio License Class Radio and Electronics Fundamentals Presented by Steve Gallafent September 26, 2007 Radio and Electronics Fundamentals Voltage, Current, and Resistance Electric current is the

More information

Technician Licensing Class T9

Technician Licensing Class T9 Technician Licensing Class T9 Amateur Radio Course Monroe EMS Building Monroe, Utah January 11/18, 2014 January 22, 2014 Testing Session Valid dates: July 1, 2010 June 30, 2014 Amateur Radio Technician

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 2. Lesson Plan Module 2 Radio Signals and Waves

Technician License Course Chapter 2. Lesson Plan Module 2 Radio Signals and Waves Technician License Course Chapter 2 Lesson Plan Module 2 Radio Signals and Waves The Basic Radio Station What Happens During Radio Communication? Transmitting (sending a signal): Information (voice, data,

More information

Radio Receivers. Al Penney VO1NO

Radio Receivers. Al Penney VO1NO Radio Receivers Role of the Receiver The Antenna must capture the radio wave. The desired frequency must be selected from all the EM waves captured by the antenna. The selected signal is usually very weak

More information

KWM-2/2A Transceiver THE COLLINS KWM-2/2A TRANSCEIVER

KWM-2/2A Transceiver THE COLLINS KWM-2/2A TRANSCEIVER KWM-2/2A Transceiver Click the photo to see a larger photo Click "Back" button on browser to return Courtesy of Norm - WA3KEY THE COLLINS KWM-2/2A TRANSCEIVER Unmatched for versatility, dependability and

More information

Lesson 11: Antennas. Copyright Winters Version 1.0. Preparation for Amateur Radio Technician Class Exam

Lesson 11: Antennas. Copyright Winters Version 1.0. Preparation for Amateur Radio Technician Class Exam Lesson 11: Antennas Preparation for Amateur Radio Technician Class Exam Topics Antenna ½ wave Dipole antenna ¼ wave Vertical antenna Antenna polarization Antenna location Beam antennas Test Equipment Exam

More information

LD5 CW/SSB QRP Transceiver SDR /DSP

LD5 CW/SSB QRP Transceiver SDR /DSP LD5 CW/SSB QRP Transceiver SDR /DSP Quick guide manual Description: At the development base of the digital signal processing unit, an algorithm is embedded for IQ processing of the channels with phase

More information

Lesson 4: Frequencies & Privileges

Lesson 4: Frequencies & Privileges Lesson 4: Frequencies & Privileges Preparation for Amateur Radio Technician Class Exam Topics Frequency limits Frequencies and Wavelengths Band Sharing Operating Guidelines Emission Types Technician Frequency

More information

SUBELEMENT T6 Electrical components: semiconductors; circuit diagrams; component functions 4 Exam Questions - 4 Groups

SUBELEMENT T6 Electrical components: semiconductors; circuit diagrams; component functions 4 Exam Questions - 4 Groups SUBELEMENT T6 Electrical components: semiconductors; circuit diagrams; component functions 4 Exam Questions - 4 Groups 1 T6A Electrical components: fixed and variable resistors; capacitors and inductors;

More information

Amateur Radio Examination EXAMINATION PAPER No. 272 CANDIDATE S COPY

Amateur Radio Examination EXAMINATION PAPER No. 272 CANDIDATE S COPY 01-9 The holder of a General Amateur Operator Certificate of Competency may: a retransmit public broadcasts b transmit in bands allocated to the Amateur Service c repair radio equipment for profit d transmit

More information

Voice repeater basics

Voice repeater basics Voice repeater basics Peter Parker VK3YE Introduction Repeater operating is one of the most popular facets of amateur radio. For the Foundation licensee, restricted to low power, repeaters offer a means

More information

Module 8 Theory. dbs AM Detector Ring Modulator Receiver Chain. Functional Blocks Parameters. IRTS Region 4

Module 8 Theory. dbs AM Detector Ring Modulator Receiver Chain. Functional Blocks Parameters. IRTS Region 4 Module 8 Theory dbs AM Detector Ring Modulator Receiver Chain Functional Blocks Parameters Decibel (db) The term db or decibel is a relative unit of measurement used frequently in electronic communications

More information

Definitions of Technical Terms

Definitions of Technical Terms Definitions of Technical Terms Terms Ammeter Amperes, Amps Band Capacitor Carrier Squelch Diode Dipole Definitions How is an ammeter usually connected = In series with the circuit What instrument is used

More information

Transceiver selection and Specs.

Transceiver selection and Specs. Transceiver selection and Specs. Transceivers 1956-2018 From TUBES to SDR Covers 20-10 meters in 100Khz segments, 10 available, crystal needed for each. Plug in crystal holder. 100 Watts output, final

More information

Technician Class Course. Session 1

Technician Class Course. Session 1 Technician Class Course Session 1 WHAT IS AMATEUR RADIO? What is Amateur Radio? Amateur (or Ham) Radio is a personal radio service authorized by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). To encourage

More information

Localizer provides signal generation over the Localizer band of to MHz with 90 Hz and 150 Hz tones, amplitude modulated

Localizer provides signal generation over the Localizer band of to MHz with 90 Hz and 150 Hz tones, amplitude modulated The IFR 4000 verifies the operation and installation of ILS, VOR and Marker Beacon receivers and VHF/UHF AM/FM and HF AM/SSB transceivers. The IFR 4000, with its lightweight size (under 8 lbs.), long run

More information

Radio Frequency Interference! Al Penney VO1NO

Radio Frequency Interference! Al Penney VO1NO Radio Frequency Interference! RFI and EMI Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Interference to a receiver caused by actual signals, only one of which is desired. Caused by harmonics, mixing, images, or poor

More information

4/25/2012. Supplement T9. 2 Exam Questions, 2 Groups. Amateur Radio Technician Class T9A: T9A: T9A: T9A:

4/25/2012. Supplement T9. 2 Exam Questions, 2 Groups. Amateur Radio Technician Class T9A: T9A: T9A: T9A: Amateur Radio Technician Class Element 2 Course Presentation ti ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS Technician Licensing Class Supplement T9 Antennas, Feedlines 2 Exam Questions, 2 Groups T1 - FCC Rules, descriptions

More information

Technical Equipment Specification

Technical Equipment Specification STATE OF CALIFORNIA Office of the State Chief Information Officer Public Safety Communications Division Technical Equipment Specification Equipment Type: Transmitter/Receiver Mobile Relay/Base/Control

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 4. Lesson Plan Module 9 Antenna Fundamentals, Feed Lines & SWR

Technician License Course Chapter 4. Lesson Plan Module 9 Antenna Fundamentals, Feed Lines & SWR Technician License Course Chapter 4 Lesson Plan Module 9 Antenna Fundamentals, Feed Lines & SWR The Antenna System Antenna: Transforms current into radio waves (transmit) and vice versa (receive). Feed

More information

Technician Licensing Class. Antennas

Technician Licensing Class. Antennas Technician Licensing Class Antennas Antennas A simple dipole mounted so the conductor is parallel to the Earth's surface is a horizontally polarized antenna. T9A3 Polarization is referenced to the Earth

More information

INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS

INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS 3 Unpacking After unpacking, immediately report any damage to the delivering carrier or dealer. Keep the shipping cartons. For a description and a diagram of accessory equipment

More information

ALACHUA ARES SIMPLEX REPEATER STATION INSTRUCTION MANUAL VERSION 1.0 MARCH

ALACHUA ARES SIMPLEX REPEATER STATION INSTRUCTION MANUAL VERSION 1.0 MARCH ALACHUA ARES SIMPLEX REPEATER STATION INSTRUCTION MANUAL VERSION 1.0 MARCH 23 2017 1 INTRODUCTION A simplex repeater is nothing more than a digital tape recorder that listens to an FM simplex transceiver,

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 3. Lesson Plan Module 7 Types of Radio Circuits

Technician License Course Chapter 3. Lesson Plan Module 7 Types of Radio Circuits Technician License Course Chapter 3 Lesson Plan Module 7 Types of Radio Circuits The Basic Transceiver Combination of transmitter and receiver Abbreviated XCVR (X = trans) Antenna switched between transmitter

More information

DX 73V OWNER S MANUAL FULL FEATURED AM/FM MOBILE TRANSCEIVER. WARRANTY This radio is covered by a two year limited parts and labor warranty.

DX 73V OWNER S MANUAL FULL FEATURED AM/FM MOBILE TRANSCEIVER. WARRANTY This radio is covered by a two year limited parts and labor warranty. WARRANTY This radio is covered by a two year limited parts and labor warranty. Limited means that we will repair problems caused by factory defects or normal use at no charge. Before returning a radio

More information

An Introduction to Radio Frequency Interference

An Introduction to Radio Frequency Interference An Introduction to Radio Frequency Interference Ron Hranac, N0IVN Member, ARRL EMC Committee ARRL Colorado Section Technical Specialist What is RFI? RFI is an abbreviation for radio frequency interference

More information

INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS Section 2

INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS Section 2 STLLTION ND CONNECTIONS Section Unpacking - ntenna jumper cable connection - Selecting a location - Rack mounting handle attachment - Grounding -3 ntenna connection -3 CF (Compact Flash) memory card -3

More information

Pushing performance to the pinnacle

Pushing performance to the pinnacle Pushing performance to the pinnacle The latest DSP technologies developed for the IC-7800/7700 plus over 45 years of analog circuit expertise give the IC-7600 the performance advantage. The flagship's

More information

Amateur Wireless Station Operators License Exam

Amateur Wireless Station Operators License Exam Amateur Wireless Station Operators License Exam Study material 2017 South India Amateur Radio Society, Chennai CHAPTER 5 1 Chapter 5 Amateur Wireless Station Operators License Exam Study Material Chapter

More information

Amateur Radio Examination EXAMINATION PAPER No. 275 MARKER S COPY

Amateur Radio Examination EXAMINATION PAPER No. 275 MARKER S COPY 01-6-(d) An Amateur Station is quoted in the regulations as a station: a for training new radio operators b using amateur equipment for commercial purposes c for public emergency purposes d in the Amateur

More information

IC-F7000. Advanced selective call and ALE make HF communication easier than ever!

IC-F7000. Advanced selective call and ALE make HF communication easier than ever! Page 1 of 5 HF TRANSCEIVER IC-F7000 Advanced selective call and ALE make HF communication easier than ever! The IC-F7000 is an HF land mobile transceiver especially designed forlong distance communications.

More information

Yaesu FT-25R 2-Meter Handheld Transceiver

Yaesu FT-25R 2-Meter Handheld Transceiver Yaesu FT-25R 2-Meter Handheld Transceiver Reviewed by Dan Wall, W1ZFG ARRL LoTW Administration w1zfg@arrl.org The latest entry into the field of small, inexpensive handhelds is the Yaesu FT-25R. This is

More information

Locating and Killing Receiver Interference. Gary Johnson, NA6O January, 2018

Locating and Killing Receiver Interference. Gary Johnson, NA6O January, 2018 Locating and Killing Receiver Interference Gary Johnson, NA6O January, 2018 1 Agenda Types of noise and interference Typical noise sources Finding the noise Noise mitigation Your rights per the FCC References

More information

DELUXE 18CHANNEL SSB/AM CB TRANSCEIVER OWNER'S GUIDE

DELUXE 18CHANNEL SSB/AM CB TRANSCEIVER OWNER'S GUIDE DELUXE 18CHANNEL SSB/AM CB TRANSCEIVER OWNER'S GUIDE General Description The Bush Ranger is a combination transmitter and receiver designed for use in the Australian 27 MHz Citizens radio service. It is

More information

Welcome to Ham Radio 201 New General / Extra Session

Welcome to Ham Radio 201 New General / Extra Session Welcome to Ham Radio 201 New General / Extra Session Sponsored by Agenda New Technician / New Licensee 8:00 Kickoff 8:15 VHF/UHF Gear - George 9:00 VHF/UHF Operating - Beric 9:45 VHF Digital Voice George

More information

ADJUSTING YOUR HF RECEIVER

ADJUSTING YOUR HF RECEIVER ADJUSTING YOUR HF RECEIVER N5KIP January 31, 2017 Disclaimers What works on one model of radio might not work well on another CW (narrow bandwidth) and SSB (wider bandwidth) will require different receiver

More information

i2820h (USA) ie2820(europe)

i2820h (USA) ie2820(europe) January 2007 DUAL BAND TRANSCEIVERS i2820h (USA) ie2820(europe) The above photo shows the IC-2820H. The IC-E2820 differs slightly from this photo. Icom proudly announces the debut of the new dual band

More information

Second Hand Yaesu FTDX5000MP HF base station transceiver

Second Hand Yaesu FTDX5000MP HF base station transceiver 263 Walsall Road, Great Wyrley, Walsall, WS6 6DL Established 1997. Open Monday - Friday 9am - 5pm and Saturday 9.30am - 4pm Tel: 01922 414 796 Fax: 01922 417829 Skype: radioworld_uk Second Hand Yaesu FTDX5000MP

More information

INSTRUCTION MANUAL VHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-7102H UHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-8102H KENWOOD CORPORATION B (M)

INSTRUCTION MANUAL VHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-7102H UHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-8102H KENWOOD CORPORATION B (M) INSTRUCTION MANUAL VHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-7102H UHF FM TRANSCEIVER TK-8102H KENWOOD CORPORATION B62-1596-00 (M) 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 THANK YOU! We are grateful you chose KENWOOD for your personal

More information

Technician License Course Chapter 3 Types of Radios and Radio Circuits. Module 7

Technician License Course Chapter 3 Types of Radios and Radio Circuits. Module 7 Technician License Course Chapter 3 Types of Radios and Radio Circuits Module 7 Radio Block Diagrams Radio Circuits can be shown as functional blocks connected together. Knowing the description of common

More information

Norfolk Amateur Radio Club

Norfolk Amateur Radio Club Norfolk Amateur Radio Club The Transmitter & Transmitter Interference Nick M0HGU & Steve G3PND Plan for the Day The Transmitter Introduction, Block diagrams Oscillators, Buffers & Multipliers Modulation

More information

Cat. No OWNER S MANUAL. HTX-212 Two-Meter Mobile Transceiver. Please read before using this transceiver.

Cat. No OWNER S MANUAL. HTX-212 Two-Meter Mobile Transceiver. Please read before using this transceiver. 19-1125.fm Page 1 Tuesday, August 3, 1999 9:47 AM Cat. No. 19-1125 OWNER S MANUAL HTX-212 Two-Meter Mobile Transceiver Please read before using this transceiver. 19-1125.fm Page 2 Tuesday, August 3, 1999

More information

Instruction Manual PMR-101TX. Private Mobile Radio. TTI Tech. 446MHz, 8 Channels

Instruction Manual PMR-101TX. Private Mobile Radio. TTI Tech. 446MHz, 8 Channels PMR-101TX Instruction Manual Private Mobile Radio 446MHz, 8 Channels? 38 CTCSS Sub Tone? 8 Channels? VOX Mode? Scanning? Monitor? Key Pad Lock? Dual Watch? Auto Power Save Mode? Battery Status Indicator?

More information

ARRL Laboratory Expanded Test-Result Report ICOM IC-756 Pro

ARRL Laboratory Expanded Test-Result Report ICOM IC-756 Pro ARRL Laboratory Expanded Test-Result Report ICOM IC-756 Pro Prepared by: American Radio Relay League, Inc. Technical Department Laboratory 225 Main St. Newington, CT 6111 Telephone: (8) 594-2 Web Site:

More information

DX 33HP. 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL. Download this Manual Free of Charge at

DX 33HP. 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL. Download this Manual Free of Charge at DX 33HP SIG 1 3 TX PWR 5 7 9+30dB POWER HI NB/ANL MED LO HI LO BAND ECHO RX/TX VOL SQ MIC RF FM PA AM D/A E/B F/C ECHO TIME BAND 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver Download this Manual Free of Charge

More information

Antennas and Propagation Chapters T4, G7, G8 Antenna Fundamentals, More Antenna Types, Feed lines and Measurements, Propagation

Antennas and Propagation Chapters T4, G7, G8 Antenna Fundamentals, More Antenna Types, Feed lines and Measurements, Propagation Antennas and Propagation Chapters T4, G7, G8 Antenna Fundamentals, More Antenna Types, Feed lines and Measurements, Propagation =============================================================== Antenna Fundamentals

More information

The 21st Century R-390A/URR Reference Y2K-R3 Edited 7/09: No Technical Changes Chapter 2 - Operation. Page Table Of Contents 2-1

The 21st Century R-390A/URR Reference Y2K-R3 Edited 7/09: No Technical Changes Chapter 2 - Operation. Page Table Of Contents 2-1 Edited 7/09: No Technical Changes Chapter 2 - Operation Page Table Of Contents 2-1 2.1 Introduction. 2-2 2.2 Controls and Indicators 2-2 2.3 Operating Instructions And Control Settings 2-9 2.3.1 Pre-operational

More information

SUPERSTAR TABLE OF CONTENTS AM/FM/USB/LSB/CW AMATEUR MOBILE TRANSCEIVER WITH BUILT-IN FREQUENCY COUNTER OWNER S MANUAL

SUPERSTAR TABLE OF CONTENTS AM/FM/USB/LSB/CW AMATEUR MOBILE TRANSCEIVER WITH BUILT-IN FREQUENCY COUNTER OWNER S MANUAL SUPERSTAR TABLE OF CONTENTS AM/FM/USB/LSB/CW AMATEUR MOBILE TRANSCEIVER WITH BUILT-IN FREQUENCY COUNTER PAGE CHAPTER 1 Specifications............................................... 2 CHAPTER 2 Installation.................................................

More information

DX 29HP. 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL PRINTED IN MALAYSIA PN:A412308CNA

DX 29HP. 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL PRINTED IN MALAYSIA PN:A412308CNA DX 29HP 10 Meter Amateur Mobile Transceiver OWNER S MANUAL PRINTED IN MALAYSIA PN:A412308CNA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Specification.................................... 2 Installation Location.....................................

More information

Model: TP380 User Manual

Model: TP380 User Manual Model: TP380 User Manual 1 UHF RADIO TRANSCEIVER MODEL: TP380 USER MANUAL INTRODUCTION Thank you for selecting the Oregon Scientific TP380 as your product of choice. This product is a portable, easy-to-use

More information

OWNER'S MANUAL Channels All-Mode AM/FM/USB/LSB Built in Frequency Counter Mobile Transceiver with Roger Beep

OWNER'S MANUAL Channels All-Mode AM/FM/USB/LSB Built in Frequency Counter Mobile Transceiver with Roger Beep SUPER STAR 7QOODX OWNER'S MANUAL 3360 Channels All-Mode AM/FM/USB/LSB Built in Frequency Counter Mobile Transceiver with Roger Beep TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Specifications... 2 Installation Location... 4

More information

Pair of PMR446 Two-Way Personal Radios Model: TP391

Pair of PMR446 Two-Way Personal Radios Model: TP391 Pair of PMR446 Two-Way Personal Radios Model: TP391 USER MANUAL MANUALE D USO MANUEL DE L UTILISATEUR BEDIENUNGSANLEITUNG MANUAL DE USUARIO MANUAL DO USUÁRIO HANDLEIDING BRUKSANVISNING P/N:086L004722-016

More information

LBI-31564A. Mobile Communications. DELTA - SX MHz RADIO COMBINATIONS (NEGATIVE GROUND ONLY) Maintenance Manual

LBI-31564A. Mobile Communications. DELTA - SX MHz RADIO COMBINATIONS (NEGATIVE GROUND ONLY) Maintenance Manual A Mobile Communications DELTA - SX 136-174 MHz RADIO COMBINATIONS (NEGATIVE GROUND ONLY) Maintenance Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS MILITARY AND SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS................................. 2-3 COMBINATION

More information

Lesson 2 What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one complete cycle? Wavelength T3B01 HRLM (2-5)

Lesson 2 What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one complete cycle? Wavelength T3B01 HRLM (2-5) Lesson 1 Which agency regulates and enforces the rules for the Amateur Radio Service in the United States? The FCC HRLM (7-2) Lesson 2 What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one

More information

i78 INSTRUCTION MANUAL HF TRANSCEIVER

i78 INSTRUCTION MANUAL HF TRANSCEIVER INSTRUCTION MANUAL HF TRANSCEIVER i78 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)

More information

HF Receivers, Part 2

HF Receivers, Part 2 HF Receivers, Part 2 Superhet building blocks: AM, SSB/CW, FM receivers Adam Farson VA7OJ View an excellent tutorial on receivers NSARC HF Operators HF Receivers 2 1 The RF Amplifier (Preamp)! Typical

More information

General Class License Theory II. Dick Grote K6PBF

General Class License Theory II. Dick Grote K6PBF General Class License Theory II Dick Grote K6PBF k6pbfdick@gmail.com 1 Introduction In the first theory class we talked about basic electrical principles and components. Now we will build on this to learn

More information

G11 I N S T R U C T I O N G U I D E. Midland PMR446 Transceiver

G11 I N S T R U C T I O N G U I D E. Midland PMR446 Transceiver PMR446 Transceiver G11 I N S T R U C T I O N G U I D E Midland PMR446 Transceiver MIDLAND G11 PMR446 Transceiver Thanks for choosing Midland! G11 is a portable transceiver that is free use in almost all

More information

Walkie-Talkie. User Manual and Instruction. Getting Started

Walkie-Talkie. User Manual and Instruction. Getting Started Walkie-Talkie User Manual and Instruction Getting Started Installing the AA Batteries Your radio uses 3 AA Alkaline batteries. 1. With the back of the radio facing you, lift the battery latch up to release

More information

5000 Series. Wireless Microphone System. Delivering Wireless Excellence

5000 Series. Wireless Microphone System. Delivering Wireless Excellence 5 Series Wireless Microphone System Delivering Wireless Excellence 2 5 SERIES Wireless Tuners WT-581 Space Diversity Tuner The WT-581 Wireless Tuner is designed for use on the UHF band, and suitable for

More information

USER'S MANUAL UHF BAND

USER'S MANUAL UHF BAND USER'S MANUAL I UHF BAND MICROPHONE SYSTEM I 1440-8120-01 NOTE. HmmHmmmJ i... 1 FCC Statement MICROPHONE SYSTEM Table of Contents 1. Introduction......... 1 2. Safety... 1 3. Environment... 1 4. Wireless

More information

hallicrafters PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS MODEL: SR-2000 LATEST REVISION: 18 JAN 66 Code ident # Specification #

hallicrafters PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS MODEL: SR-2000 LATEST REVISION: 18 JAN 66 Code ident # Specification # hallicrafters PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS MODEL: SR-2000 LATEST REVISION: 18 JAN 66 Code ident # 26916 Specification # 093-002154 I. GENERAL A. Power input 117V 50-60 cycles from a source capable of delivering

More information

Locate and minimize those nasty RFI problems while transmitting or receiving on HF or VHF

Locate and minimize those nasty RFI problems while transmitting or receiving on HF or VHF RFI in the Ham Shack Tips, Tricks and Traps Radio Frequency Interference Locate and minimize those nasty RFI problems while transmitting or receiving on HF or VHF Rick Lapp, KC2FD rick@ricklapp.net Typical

More information

TS-590SG HF/ 50MHz All-Mode TRANSCEIVER_

TS-590SG HF/ 50MHz All-Mode TRANSCEIVER_ New Product Release Information Oct 2014 TS-590SG HF/ 50MHz All-Mode TRANSCEIVER_ Kenwood introduces Updated to new G version new HF/50MHz All-Mode Transceiver Four years ago we launched our best-selling

More information

OPERATOR S MANUAL KYODO WEST MODEL KG506 FULL-DUPLEX MOBILE. Preliminary

OPERATOR S MANUAL KYODO WEST MODEL KG506 FULL-DUPLEX MOBILE. Preliminary OPERATOR S MANUAL KYODO WEST MODEL KG506 FULL-DUPLEX MOBILE Preliminary 1.0 INTRODUCTION Thank you for purchasing the KYODO WEST MODEL KG506 Full-Duplex Mobile Radio. This manual contains information to

More information

Wireless Microphone Technology. audio-technica.com

Wireless Microphone Technology. audio-technica.com Wireless Microphone Technology Basics A wireless system is both a transmitter and a receiver Both the transmitter and the receiver must be set to the same channel or frequency to work Mixing systems will

More information

UH45 Series. UHF CB Transceiver. For more exciting new products please visit our website: Australia:

UH45 Series. UHF CB Transceiver. For more exciting new products please visit our website: Australia: UH45 Series UHF CB Transceiver For more exciting new products please visit our website: Australia: www.uniden.com.au Controls & Indicators Included in your Package UH45 Series Radio Operating Guide Belt

More information

FCC STATEMENT This device complies with part 74, Subpart H of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1)This device may

FCC STATEMENT This device complies with part 74, Subpart H of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1)This device may FCC STATEMENT This device complies with part 74, Subpart H of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1)This device may not cause harmful interference and (2) This device

More information

SINGLE SIDEBAND FOR THE NON-TECHNICAL

SINGLE SIDEBAND FOR THE NON-TECHNICAL From: http://www.randomcollection.info SINGLE SIDEBAND FOR THE NON-TECHNICAL Eleanor Weiss Updated: May 5, 2015 (Originally posted February 17, 2014) These notes are for people who don't have a background

More information

330 DUAL-CHANNEL CAMERA-MOUNT UHF WIRELESS MICROPHONE SYSTEM

330 DUAL-CHANNEL CAMERA-MOUNT UHF WIRELESS MICROPHONE SYSTEM 330 DUAL-CHANNEL CAMERA-MOUNT UHF WIRELESS MICROPHONE SYSTEM 330UPR - 35BT - 35HT - 35XT INSTRUCTION MANUAL Thank you for purchasing the Azden 330 Dual-Channel Wireless Microphone system. The components

More information