Crack Detection with Wireless Inductively-Coupled Transducers

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Crack Detection with Wireless Inductively-Coupled Transducers"

Transcription

1 Crack Detection with Wireless Inductively-Coupled Transducers Peng Zheng a, David W. Greve b, and Irving J. Oppenheim c* a Dept. of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA b Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA c Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA ABSTRACT In earlier work we developed inductive coupling for surface-mounted Lamb wave transducers operating at relatively low frequencies, such as 300 khz. We now report on similar inductively-coupled transducers at higher (multiple MHz) frequencies. Our investigation was motivated by a particular application, to examine a box girder top flange, using transducers mounted along the flange edge. We employ a pair of transducers in pitch-catch mode, offset to create a diagonal path, and show that a shadow is detected when the path is intercepted by a through-thickness crack. We compare results obtained using conventionally wired transducers and using inductively-coupled transducers, showing that effective performance can be achieved with wireless (inductively-coupled) operation. Superior performance is obtained if plexiglas wedges are used to direct the beam along the diagonal path. Reflection from the crack is evident, as is the shadow effect along the direct diagonal path. Keywords: Box girder, fatigue crack, Lamb waves, longitudinal waves, plate girders, ultrasonics. 1. INTRODUCTION In recent publications [1, 2] we introduced wireless, inductively-coupled, piezoceramic active wafer transducers to serve as transmitters and receivers of Lamb waves in plates, and in related articles [3, 4] we presented their equivalent circuits and studied their electrical behavior. In another paper [5] we extended the technology to higher frequency and observed transducer performance when exciting the edge of a plate [6], and in other publications [7, 8] we studied the longitudinal waves produced by edge excitation. In this paper we apply those findings to the detection of through-thickness flaws in the top flange of a steel box girder member. The inductively-coupled concept is pictured schematically in Figure 1. A PZT wafer transducer is wired to a coil with a ferrite core; the assembly can be encapsulated and permanently mounted to the structure. A probe (containing one coil acting both in transmission and reception, or two separate coils) is then brought into proximity with the transducer. Figure 1 shows the probe coil excited by a pulse generator with internal resistance R s. The pulse is inductively coupled to the PZT wafer and consequently an ultrasonic wave is excited in the structure. Echoes reflected from boundaries or flaws will then be coupled back into the probe coil resulting in a signal v s (t) appearing across the generator resistance R s. Alternately, the received signal v r (t) can measured using a separate winding, possibly with a different turns ratio. Another version of the transducer technology using a planar coil is shown in Figure 2, where the transducer is a threepart assembly: a double-sided printed circuit board forming a flat coil of 32 turns; a ferrite sheet; and a PZT wafer with a patterned top surface. The ferrite sheet is Steward MP , 1 mm thick and 26 mm square, and the PZT wafer is type 5A4E, 1 mm thick. The probe uses a ferrite core (18 mm diameter and 5 mm thick, CWS Bytemark) with 20-turn coils for transmission and reception. Figure 3 shows a laboratory assembly representing a steel plate girder at roughly one-third scale, with a web thickness of 3.2 mm and a flange width of 10 cm. A single transducer is mounted roughly 2.5 cm from a stiffener, approximately 19.5 cm from the web-flange joint, and approximately 28 cm from a free edge. * Contact author: ijo@cmu.edu; ; Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA,

2 (t) v r R s (t) v s v pulse PZT Figure 1. Wireless, inductively-coupled PZT transducer Figure 2. Planar coil transducer and probe 61 cm 10 cm 91 cm 28 cm 19.5 cm transducer crack Figure 3. Laboratory assembly representative of plate girder geometry 2

3 Testing was performed with a National Instruments PCI-6110 DAQ board controlled by LabVIEW, using a five-cycle windowed sinusoid as the excitation for pulse-echo measurements. Figure 4 shows the signals obtained at center frequencies between 250 and 351 khz, after averaging of ten transients. Test results in our first paper [1] showed the signal to be comparable to one obtained in a wired configuration, and undistorted as the gap between the probe and the transducer was changed. Figure 4 shows reflections detected from various boundaries in Figure 3, and arrival time calculations identify different Lamb wave modes (S0 and A0) and different signal paths as noted in Figure 4. Figure 4. Pulse-echo signals obtained at four different excitation center frequencies In our first studies operated the transducers at relatively low frequencies, in the range from 100 khz to 400 khz, surfacemounted on thin plates. For a typical web in a steel plate girder, operation in this frequency range would limit the frequency-thickness product, fd, to values below 1.6 MHz-mm where only the lowest-order Lamb wave modes are generated. One advantage to generating only low-order Lamb modes is that limiting the number of modes makes it easier to interpret reflections. However, operation at low fd also causes the wavelength to be relatively long, typically several cm, which reduces the scattering from small defects. For that reason, we also studied and tested the function of transducers at higher frequencies with correspondingly higher fd products [5] with operation at shorter wavelengths. Figure 5 shows a detailed sketch and a photograph of an inductively-coupled high frequency transducer edge-mounted on a relatively thick plate. The piezoelectric element is 5A4E PZT from Piezo Systems, 15 mm square and 1 mm thick, bonded to the plate edge with cyanoacrylate adhesive, along with an inertial backing consisting of lead sheet 3 mm thick. The coil consists of a ferrite E-core (Magnetics product FR EC) with three turns of wire. (The insulated conductors visible in Figure 5b attach to the PZT element but do not act as part of the inductively-coupled configuration; they permit operation of the same PZT element as a conventional wired transducer for comparison purposes.) coil ferrite lead PZT E-core inductor PZTand lead inertial backing Figure 5a. Sketch of transducer for edge-mounting on a thick plate; 5b. Transducer edge-mounted on plate 19 mm thick 3

4 2. TESTING OF EDGE-MOUNTED INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED TRANSDUCERS To take advantage of inductive coupling, it is necessary that sufficient signal strength be achieved and that the signal not be excessively distorted through the coupling. We first studied these questions, for the low frequency Lamb wave transducer, by finite element simulation of the electromagnetic field and by analysis of the equivalent circuit [3]; we determined that effective coupling and good fidelity would be achieved, and confirmed those results experimentally [4]. Operation of an edge-mounted transducer at much higher frequencies, in the multiple MHz range, raised those questions anew, and we again achieved successful performance [5]. Transducers shown in Figure 5 were tested on a wide steel plate 19 mm thick and 30.5 cm long. An Agilent 33120A waveform generator was used to produce a five-cycle windowed sinusoid for excitation, and a National Instruments PXI data acquisition card was used for data collection. Tests were conducted at different excitation center frequencies and with different gaps between the probe coil and the inductor. Maximum response was observed at a center frequency near 2.2 MHz, reflecting a through-thickness resonance of the PZT wafer, and that excitation frequency was used in our subsequent experiments. The frequency and plate thickness correspond to an fd product of 42 MHz-mm, well into the range at which longitudinal waves with trailing pulses are observed. Figure 6. Pitch-catch test results, steel plate 19 mm thick and 30.5 cm long Figure 6 shows the results of a typical pitch-catch experiment, using a gap of 3 mm between the probe coil and the transducer. The time of first arrival corresponds to the longitudinal bulk wave in steel, and trailing pulses are plainly evident. The train of pulses arriving at approximately 155 μs represents the original disturbance after two boundary reflections, for a total path length of 91.5 cm. Figure 7. Pulse-echo test results using inductive coupling to a commercial transducer, showing reflection from part-thickness slot Figure 7 shows the results of a pulse-echo test on the same steel plate using inductive coupling to a 1 MHz commercial transducer, after machining a part-thickness slot at the middle of the plate, 5.7 mm deep and 12.6 cm long in the transverse direction. The pulse centered at approximately 57 μs is a reflection from that crack, and the pulse train arriving at roughly 110 represents the reflection from the far edge, with a total path length of 61.0 cm. In this experiment a Krautkramer 1 MHz gamma series probe was used, connected to a coil consisting of a ferrite E-core (Magnetics product FR EC) with 18 turns of wire. The probe was driven by a five-cycle windowed sinusoidal voltage at 15.6 VPP, with a 1 MHz center frequency, produced an Agilent 33120A waveform generator. 4

5 3. BOX GIRDER APPLICATION The edge-mounted (high-frequency, inductively-coupled) transducer was developed in the course of a research project to detect through-thickness cracks in the top flange of a steel box girder. As depicted in Figure 8, the box girder is a hollow section with a wearing surface on the top flange that precludes visual inspection. (The opening in the end diaphragm pictured in Figure 8 is not present in the subject structure, where it is impossible to access the interior.) The box girder is 94 cm deep, the flange is 94 cm wide and 18 mm thick, and the wearing surface is 40 mm thick. The goal of the research was to detect through-thickness cracks in the top flange before such cracks exceeded a length of, say, 15 cm. A B Figure 8. Sketch of full-size box girder specimen (94 cm deep, 94 cm wide) with wearing surface on top flange Initial ultrasonic pitch-catch experiments were performed using wired transducers mounted at four different locations: opposite positions on the web plates, opposite soffit positions on the overhanging segments of the top flange, opposite positions on the edges of the top flange as labeled A and B in Figure 8, and opposite positions on the edges of the bottom flange. The experiments were first performed driving the transducers at low frequencies, in the khz range, and in all cases Lamb waves propagated through the flange; in these first experiments we observed that reflections from the web-flange joints were not significant in comparison to the Lamb waves pulses in the flange, and that the wearing surface had little influence on propagation of the Lamb wave pulse. Ultrasonic wave propagation through the flange was then tested using commercial ultrasonic equipment (Krautkramer Gamma series probes and a Krautkramer USPC-2100 system) with transducers mounted on the flange edges. Tests were performed using 1 MHz, 3.5 MHz, and 5 MHz probes and the results were comparable across that range of frequencies. A typical pulse-echo record is shown in Figure 9; the times of first arrival yield a wave speed of 5.9 km/s, corresponding to the longitudinal bulk wave velocity in steel. Figure 9. Pulse-echo results, 5 MHz commercial transducer; longitudinal wave first arrival at 318 μs 5

6 Figure 9 displays trailing pulses associated with boundary reflections from the two plate surfaces, which are termed secondary echoes produced by split-off transverse waves in Krautkramer [6]. Examining any pulse in the train, it becomes evident that energy is transferred to trailing pulses, and therefore the pulses do not propagate indefinitely. Using both simulation studies and experiments, in recent papers [7, 8] we describe the transition from Lamb waves at relatively low frequencies (low fd products) to longitudinal waves with trailing pulses at higher fd. One major advantage of working at higher frequencies is to shorten the wavelength. For example, a 1 MHz longitudinal wave has a wavelength less than 6 mm, which is small compared to the flaw size of interest, whereas a 100 khz Lamb wave has a wavelength that is a substantial fraction of the flaw size. Another major advantage is that the bulk wave (in this case the longitudinal wave with trailing pulses) dominates the response, making it relatively easy to interpret reflections, as contrasted to the case of multiple Lamb wave modes. For these reasons, edge-mounted transducers operating at relatively high frequency were chosen for further development. 4. CRACK DETECTION USING WEDGES FOR OFF-NORMAL BEAMING, WIRED In the subject box girder, under primary bending stress in a region of negative moment, a fatigue crack in the top flange would grow in the transverse (A-B) direction in Figure 8. The radiation pattern of edge-mounted transducers is at its maximum normal to the edge, and a transverse crack would produce little scattering of such a wavefront. Therefore, crack detection requires a wave oriented obliquely, not normally, to the flange edge. We noted earlier that waves excited in the top flange showed little influence of the box girder webs and little influence of the wearing surface, in effect observing the top flange to behave in a manner largely indistinguishable from a long rectangular plate with free edges. This allowed us first to investigate the behavior in an experiment on a plate at 55% scale, 10 mm thick and 50 cm wide. That plate size permitted us to machine slots into the plate as a physical simulation of transverse through-thickness cracks, as pictured in Figure 10. Figure 10. Steel plate (55% scale) with a machined slot to simulate a through-thickness transverse crack We use angle-beam (wedge) transducers to excite or detect ultrasonic pulses oblique to the flange edge. Figure 11 shows a schematic set of three transducers: one transmitter, one receiver on the direct path to detect a crack shadow, and one receiver to detect a crack reflection (echo). The set can be envisioned to advance along the plate with fluid coupling to the plate edges. Alternately, a series of inductively-coupled transducers can be envisioned along each edge, operated in sets of three in the same manner shown in Figure 11. We show each of the receivers as a single transducer, for simplicity, but we can also implement each receiver as an array of 2 or 3 closely-spaced transducers to provide redundancy and to characterize crack length. 6

7 Figure 11. Sketch showing a set of three transducers, translating along plate, to detect shadow and reflection evidence Our wired tests were performed with 1.0 MHz Krautkramer Gamma series probes with 30 o Krautkramer plexiglass wedges, driven by a Krautkramer USPC-2100 system. A longitudinal plane wave in plexiglass at an incidence angle (measured with respect to the normal) of 30 o into steel is above the critical angle for transmitting a longitudinal wave, and transmits only a transverse wave at an angle of 36 o. The transverse wave is polarized in the plane of the steel plate (SH polarization) and therefore will be free of the boundary reflections that produced the trailing pulses seen in Figure 9. Figures 12 and 13 show waveforms received, respectively, by the shadow detector and by the reflection (echo) detector as the set of transducers is advanced over a distance of 12 cm centered about the crack position, for a crack 3.2 cm long in the steel plate at 55% of full size. A relative null is plainly evident in Figure 12, and a strong reflection from the crack is clearly evident in Figure 13. The high signal-noise ratio achieved by commercial ultrasonic transducers and wedges is very effective at detecting the slot that is the physical simulation of a through-thickness crack. We note, as predicted, that the transverse wave polarized in the plane of the plate arrives with no trailing pulses. Figure 12. Waveforms showing shadow (relative null) when transmission path is intercepted by crack, 55%-scale plate experiment Wired experiments were then conducted on the full-size specimen. Figures 14 and 15 show waveforms received, respectively, by the shadow detector and by the reflection detector for a crack 6 cm long in the full size specimen. A relative null is plainly evident at approximately 370 μs in Figure 14, top, and a strong reflection from the crack is evident in Figure 15, top. Again, the high signal-noise ratio of commercial ultrasonic transducers and wedges is effective at detecting the through-thickness crack. Small, premature arrivals are seen in many records in Figures 12 through 15, which we interpret to result from mode conversion when the primary shear wave pulse converts to a quicker longitudinal wave when scattered from the crack, or upon its oblique incidence at the web-flange joint. 7

8 Figure 13. Waveforms showing reflections from crack, 55%-scale plate experiment Figure 14. Waveforms comparing shadow effect at crack (top) to pulse arrival elsewhere (bottom), full size experiment Figure 15. Waveforms comparing reflection from crack (top) to no reflection elsewhere (bottom), full size experiment 8

9 5. CRACK DETECTION USING WEDGES, INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED We conducted one preliminary set of experiments operating commercial angle-beam (wedge) transducers on the full-size specimen with inductive coupling. We used the same transducers and wedges that had been employed in the wired tests, connected to a coil consisting of a ferrite E-core (Magnetics product FR EC) with 18 turns of wire. The Agilent 33120A waveform generator produced a five-cycle windowed sinusoidal voltage waveform at 15.6 VPP with a center frequency of 1 MHz for excitation, and a National Instruments PXI-6115 data acquisition card was used for data collection. Figures 16 and 17 record representative signals obtained in these preliminary experiments for the case of a transverse crack 12 cm long. Figure 16 (top) shows the arrival of a pulse in pitch-catch mode near 370 μs for typical locations where the crack does not intercept the ultrasonic beam, and Figure 16 (bottom) shows the relative null when the crack intercepts the beam and casts a shadow. Figure 17 shows the reflection (echo) from that crack. Figure 16. Preliminary results, angle-beam transducers (Krautkramer 1 MHz gamma series) with inductive coupling; Top: Typical direct pulse arrival near 370 μs, for locations away from crack; Bottom: Shadow effect (relative null) at crack location Figure 17. Preliminary results, angle-beam transducers (Krautkramer 1 MHz gamma series) with inductive coupling; Reflection from crack arriving near 370 μs The results shown in Figures 16 and 17 are presented as evidence that inductive coupling can be used with commercial angle-beam transducers for purposes of flaw detection. The signal strength and signal-noise ratio (SNR) associated with these results are inferior to those observed in Figures 12 through 15, but we note at least three conditions in our preliminary experiments that can be improved in future work. The signals in Figures 12 through 15 were excited by the high-voltage pulser circuit in the Krautkramer USPC-2100, whereas the signals in Figures 16 and 17 were excited, through inductive coupling, by a 15.6 VPP windowed sinusoid. Moreover, the inductor developed for these tests was a first, non-optimized, attempt at tuning the system for coupling. Finally, the noise observed in these preliminary results is a candidate for reduction in future experiments. 9

10 6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS We described our recent experience developing inductively-coupled ultrasonic transducers, which can be subdivided into two major categories. We first described surface-mounted transducers operating at relatively low frequencies on relatively thin plates, with fd products below (say) 2 MHz-mm, to function as active Lamb wave transducers. We next described edge-mounted transducers operating at higher frequencies on thicker plates, with fd products greater than (say) 20 MHz-mm, to generate waves traveling at the velocity of a longitudinal wave, with trailing pulses. We showed that edge-mounted transducers, coupled inductively, performed successfully in pitch-catch and in pulse-echo testing, including detection of a part-thickness flaw in a steel plate. Our purpose was to detect through-thickness transverse cracks in the flange (94 cm wide, 18 mm thick) of a steel box girder, and we first conducted studies on a steel plate at 55% scale with machined slots as physical simulations of through-thickness cracks. The crack orientation, transverse to the longitudinal axis of the beam, precluded detection by a wave propagating normal to the plate edge because little scattering would occur in that geometry. We detected cracks using commercial angle-beam (wedge) transducers, in wired experiments, and observed them to be highly effective at illuminating the cracks and permitting unambiguous crack detection. The performance of the transducers was ample to detect a crack 3.2 cm long in the steel plate, which would be equivalent to a crack 6 cm long in the full-size prototype, well below the target range. Those results were then confirmed, in the wired case, on the full-size box girder specimen with a crack 6 cm long. Finally, successful preliminary experiments were conducted using inductively coupled anglebeam (wedge) transducers on the full-size box girder specimen containing a crack 12 cm long. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish to acknowledge support from Bombardier Total Transit Systems, from the Pennsylvania Office of Economic and Community Development under the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance program, and from the National Science Foundation under grant CMS Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the other sponsors. REFERENCES 1. Greve, D.W., Oppenheim, I.J., Sohn, H., and Yue, C.P., An inductively coupled (wireless) Lamb wave transducer, Third International Workshop on Advanced Smart Materials and Smart Structures, Lake Tahoe, May Greve, D.W., Oppenheim, I.J., Sohn, H., Yue, C.P., and Boscha, A.K., Active sensing with an inductively coupled (wireless) Lamb wave transducer, Fourth World Conf. on Struct. Control and Monitoring, San Diego, July Greve, D. W., Oppenheim, I. J., and Sohn, H., Design Considerations for a Non-Contact Inductively Coupled Lamb Wave Transducer, IEEE Ultrasonics Conference, Vancouver, B.C., October Greve, D. W., Sohn, H., Yue, C. P., and Oppenheim, I. J., An inductively-coupled Lamb wave transducer, IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 7 (2), , February Greve, D. W., Oppenheim, I. J., and Zheng, P., Inductive coupling for wireless Lamb wave and longitudinal wave transducers, 6th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford, September Krautkramer, J., and Krautkramer, H., Ultrasonic Testing of Materials, 4th fully revised Edition, Springer-Verlag, Greve, D. W., Zheng, P., and Oppenheim, I. J., Excitation of longitudinal and Lamb waves in plates by edgemounted transducers, IEEE Ultrasonics Conference, New York, November Greve, D. W., Oppenheim, I. J., and Zheng, P., Lamb Waves and Nearly-Longitudinal Waves in Thick Plates, SPIE Smart Structures/NDE Joint Conference, San Diego, March

A MEMS Transducer for Ultrasonic Flaw Detection

A MEMS Transducer for Ultrasonic Flaw Detection A MEMS Transducer for Ultrasonic Flaw Detection by Akash Jain, David W. Greve, and Irving J. Oppenheim 1 ABSTRACT Metal structures can fail because of fatigue crack propagation or because of section loss

More information

A Wire-Guided Transducer for Acoustic Emission Sensing

A Wire-Guided Transducer for Acoustic Emission Sensing A Wire-Guided Transducer for Acoustic Emission Sensing Ian T. Neill a, I. J. Oppenheim a*, D. W. Greve b a Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

More information

Time Reversal FEM Modelling in Thin Aluminium Plates for Defects Detection

Time Reversal FEM Modelling in Thin Aluminium Plates for Defects Detection ECNDT - Poster 39 Time Reversal FEM Modelling in Thin Aluminium Plates for Defects Detection Yago GÓMEZ-ULLATE, Instituto de Acústica CSIC, Madrid, Spain Francisco MONTERO DE ESPINOSA, Instituto de Acústica

More information

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing of Cylindrical Bars

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing of Cylindrical Bars 18th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 16-2 April 212, Durban, South Africa Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing of Cylindrical Bars Masanari Shoji, Takashi Sawada NTT Energy and Environment Systems

More information

THE ANALYSIS OF ADHESIVE BONDS USING ELECfROMAGNETIC

THE ANALYSIS OF ADHESIVE BONDS USING ELECfROMAGNETIC THE ANALYSIS OF ADHESIVE BONDS USING ELECfROMAGNETIC ACOUSTIC TRANSDUCERS S.Dixon, C.Edwards, S.B.Palmer Dept of Physics University of Warwick Coventry CV 4 7 AL INTRODUCfION EMATs have been used in ultrasonic

More information

Design of a Piezoelectric-based Structural Health Monitoring System for Damage Detection in Composite Materials

Design of a Piezoelectric-based Structural Health Monitoring System for Damage Detection in Composite Materials Design of a Piezoelectric-based Structural Health Monitoring System for Damage Detection in Composite Materials Seth S. Kessler S. Mark Spearing Technology Laboratory for Advanced Composites Department

More information

DETECTION AND SIZING OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS EMANATING FROM RIVET HOLES O. Kwon 1 and J.C. Kim 1 1 Inha University, Inchon, Korea

DETECTION AND SIZING OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS EMANATING FROM RIVET HOLES O. Kwon 1 and J.C. Kim 1 1 Inha University, Inchon, Korea DETECTION AND SIZING OF SHORT FATIGUE CRACKS EMANATING FROM RIVET HOLES O. Kwon 1 and J.C. Kim 1 1 Inha University, Inchon, Korea Abstract: The initiation and growth of short fatigue cracks in a simulated

More information

Structural Integrity Monitoring using Guided Ultrasonic Waves

Structural Integrity Monitoring using Guided Ultrasonic Waves Structural Integrity Monitoring using Guided Ultrasonic Waves Paul Fromme Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London NPL - May 2010 Structural Integrity Monitoring using Guided Ultrasonic

More information

CIRCULAR LAMB AND LINEAR SHEAR HORIZONTAL GUIDED WAVE ARRAYS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING

CIRCULAR LAMB AND LINEAR SHEAR HORIZONTAL GUIDED WAVE ARRAYS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING CIRCULAR LAMB AND LINEAR SHEAR HORIZONTAL GUIDED WAVE ARRAYS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING Thomas R. Hay, Jason Van Velsor, Joseph L. Rose The Pennsylvania State University Engineering Science and Mechanics

More information

Developments in Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection

Developments in Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection Developments in Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection Wireless Structural Health Monitoring Technology for Heat Exchanger Shells using Magnetostrictive Sensor Technology N. Muthu, EPRI, USA; G. Light, Southwest

More information

Paper Title: FIELD MONITORING OF FATIGUE CRACK ON HIGHWAY STEEL I- GIRDER BRIDGE

Paper Title: FIELD MONITORING OF FATIGUE CRACK ON HIGHWAY STEEL I- GIRDER BRIDGE Zhang, Zhou, Fu and Zhou Paper Title: FIELD MONITORING OF FATIGUE CRACK ON HIGHWAY STEEL I- GIRDER BRIDGE Author: Author: Author: Author: Call Title: Yunfeng Zhang, Ph.D. Associate Professor Department

More information

Application of Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Characterization of Defects in Pipeline of Nuclear Power Plants. Younho Cho

Application of Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Characterization of Defects in Pipeline of Nuclear Power Plants. Younho Cho Application of Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Characterization of Defects in Pipeline of Nuclear Power Plants Younho Cho School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Korea ABSTRACT State-of-art

More information

GUIDED WAVES FOR DAMAGE MONITORING IN PLATES FOR NOTCH DEFECTS

GUIDED WAVES FOR DAMAGE MONITORING IN PLATES FOR NOTCH DEFECTS Int. J. Engg. Res. & Sci. & Tech. 2014 Ramandeep Singh et al., 2014 Research Paper ISSN 2319-5991 www.ijerst.com Vol. 3, No. 2, May 2014 2014 IJERST. All Rights Reserved GUIDED WAVES FOR DAMAGE MONITORING

More information

RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF EMATS TO NDE

RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF EMATS TO NDE RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF EMATS TO NDE D. MacLauchlan, S. Clark, B. Cox, T. Doyle, B. Grimmett, J. Hancock, K. Hour, C. Rutherford BWXT Services, Non Destructive Evaluation and Inspection

More information

PVP PVP

PVP PVP Proceedings Proceedings of the ASME of the 2 ASME Pressure 2 Vessels Pressure & Vessels Piping Division & Piping / K-PVP Division Conference PVP2 July July 7-22, 7-2, 2, Baltimore, Maryland, USA USA PVP2-738

More information

Excitation and reception of pure shear horizontal waves by

Excitation and reception of pure shear horizontal waves by Excitation and reception of pure shear horizontal waves by using face-shear d 24 mode piezoelectric wafers Hongchen Miao 1,2, Qiang Huan 1, Faxin Li 1,2,a) 1 LTCS and Department of Mechanics and Engineering

More information

Application of Ultrasonic Guided Wave to Heat Exchanger Tubes Inspection

Application of Ultrasonic Guided Wave to Heat Exchanger Tubes Inspection 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 25-28 Oct 2008, Shanghai, China Application of Ultrasonic Guided Wave to Heat Exchanger Tubes Inspection Ik-Keun PARK 1,a, Yong-Kwon KIM 2,b, Sae-Jun PARK

More information

A SHEAR WAVE TRANSDUCER ARRAY FOR REAL-TIME IMAGING. R.L. Baer and G.S. Kino. Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305

A SHEAR WAVE TRANSDUCER ARRAY FOR REAL-TIME IMAGING. R.L. Baer and G.S. Kino. Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 A SHEAR WAVE TRANSDUCER ARRAY FOR REAL-TIME IMAGING R.L. Baer and G.S. Kino Edward L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 INTRODUCTION In this paper we describe a contacting shear

More information

In-Situ Damage Detection of Composites Structures using Lamb Wave Methods

In-Situ Damage Detection of Composites Structures using Lamb Wave Methods In-Situ Damage Detection of Composites Structures using Lamb Wave Methods Seth S. Kessler S. Mark Spearing Mauro J. Atalla Technology Laboratory for Advanced Composites Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics

More information

Keywords: Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Air-coupled, Contact-free, Bond, Weld, Composites

Keywords: Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Air-coupled, Contact-free, Bond, Weld, Composites Single-Sided Contact-Free Ultrasonic Testing A New Air-Coupled Inspection Technology for Weld and Bond Testing M. Kiel, R. Steinhausen, A. Bodi 1, and M. Lucas 1 Research Center for Ultrasonics - Forschungszentrum

More information

Air Coupled Ultrasonic Inspection of Steel Rubber Interface

Air Coupled Ultrasonic Inspection of Steel Rubber Interface Air Coupled Ultrasonic Inspection of Steel Rubber Interface More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=15204 Bikash Ghose 1, a, Krishnan Balasubramaniam 2, b 1 High Energy Materials Research Laboratory,

More information

PIEZOELECTRIC WAFER ACTIVE SENSORS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

PIEZOELECTRIC WAFER ACTIVE SENSORS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING STATE OF THE ART AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Proceedings of the ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels & Piping Division / K-PVP Conference PVP2010 July 18-22, 2010, Bellevue, Washington, USA PVP2010-25292 PIEZOELECTRIC WAFER ACTIVE SENSORS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH

More information

Generation Laser Scanning Method for Visualizing Ultrasonic Waves Propagating on a 3-D Object

Generation Laser Scanning Method for Visualizing Ultrasonic Waves Propagating on a 3-D Object 1st International Symposium on Laser Ultrasonics: Science, Technology and Applications July 16-18 2008, Montreal, Canada Generation Laser Scanning Method for Visualizing Ultrasonic Waves Propagating on

More information

NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF CLOSED CRACKS USING AN ULTRASONIC TRANSIT TIMING METHOD J. Takatsubo 1, H. Tsuda 1, B. Wang 1

NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF CLOSED CRACKS USING AN ULTRASONIC TRANSIT TIMING METHOD J. Takatsubo 1, H. Tsuda 1, B. Wang 1 NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION OF CLOSED CRACKS USING AN ULTRASONIC TRANSIT TIMING METHOD J. Takatsubo 1, H. Tsuda 1, B. Wang 1 1 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan

More information

A NEW APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF IMPACT-ECHO DATA

A NEW APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF IMPACT-ECHO DATA A NEW APPROACH FOR THE ANALYSIS OF IMPACT-ECHO DATA John S. Popovics and Joseph L. Rose Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802 INTRODUCTION

More information

ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVE ANNULAR ARRAY TRANSDUCERS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING

ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVE ANNULAR ARRAY TRANSDUCERS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVE ANNULAR ARRAY TRANSDUCERS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING H. Gao, M. J. Guers, J.L. Rose, G. (Xiaoliang) Zhao 2, and C. Kwan 2 Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The

More information

Submitted for Identification of Existing and Emerging Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Applications session, sponsored by committee A2F09

Submitted for Identification of Existing and Emerging Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Applications session, sponsored by committee A2F09 Oppenheim, Jain, Greve 1 Submitted for Identification of Existing and Emerging Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Applications session, sponsored by committee A2F09 Design and Testing of a MEMS Ultrasonic

More information

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Applications

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Applications Ultrasonic Guided Wave Applications Joseph L. Rose Penn State University April 29-30, 2013 2013 Center for Acoustics and Vibrations meeting What is a Guided Wave? (Guided wave requires boundary for propagation

More information

DETECTION OF CORROSION IN BOTTOM PLATES OF GAS AND OIL TANKS USING GUIDED ULTRASONIC WAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ULTRASONIC (EMAT) TRANSDUCERS

DETECTION OF CORROSION IN BOTTOM PLATES OF GAS AND OIL TANKS USING GUIDED ULTRASONIC WAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ULTRASONIC (EMAT) TRANSDUCERS DETECTION OF CORROSION IN BOTTOM PLATES OF GAS AND OIL TANKS USING GUIDED ULTRASONIC WAVES AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ULTRASONIC (EMAT) TRANSDUCERS A Presentation prepared for the Jahrestagung der Deutsche Gesellschaft

More information

ASSESSMENT OF WALL-THINNING IN CARBON STEEL PIPE BY USING LASER-GENERATED GUIDED WAVE

ASSESSMENT OF WALL-THINNING IN CARBON STEEL PIPE BY USING LASER-GENERATED GUIDED WAVE ASSESSMENT OF WALL-THINNING IN CARBON STEEL PIPE BY USING LASER-GENERATED GUIDED WAVE DOYOUN KIM, YOUNHO CHO * and JOONHYUN LEE Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University Jangjeon-dong,

More information

Measurement of phase velocity dispersion curves and group velocities in a plate using leaky Lamb waves

Measurement of phase velocity dispersion curves and group velocities in a plate using leaky Lamb waves Measurement of phase velocity dispersion curves and group velocities in a plate using leaky Lamb waves NDE2002 predict. assure. improve. National Seminar of ISNT Chennai, 5. 7. 12. 2002 www.nde2002.org

More information

Array Eddy Current for Fatigue Crack Detection of Aircraft Skin Structures

Array Eddy Current for Fatigue Crack Detection of Aircraft Skin Structures Array Eddy Current for Fatigue Crack Detection of Aircraft Skin Structures Eric Pelletier, Marc Grenier, Ahmad Chahbaz and Tommy Bourgelas Olympus NDT Canada, NDT Technology Development, 505, boul. du

More information

Quasi-Rayleigh Waves in Butt-Welded Thick Steel Plate

Quasi-Rayleigh Waves in Butt-Welded Thick Steel Plate Quasi-Rayleigh Waves in Butt-Welded Thick Steel Plate Tuncay Kamas a) Victor Giurgiutiu b), Bin Lin c) a) Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina 3 Main Str. 2928 Columbia SC b) Mechanical

More information

ACOUSTO-ULTRASONIC EVALUATION OF HYBRID COMPOSITES USING

ACOUSTO-ULTRASONIC EVALUATION OF HYBRID COMPOSITES USING ACOUSTO-ULTRASONIC EVALUATION OF HYBRID COMPOSITES USING OBLIQUE INCIDENCE WAVES INTRODUCTION Yuyin Ji, Sotirios J. Vahaviolos, Ronnie K. Miller, Physical Acoustics Corporation P.O. Box 3135 Princeton,

More information

Table 1 The wheel-set security system of China high-speed railway

Table 1 The wheel-set security system of China high-speed railway 11th European Conference on Non-Destructive Testing (ECNDT 2014), October 6-10, 2014, Prague, Czech Republic More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=16352 Dynamic ultrasonic inspection technology

More information

Validation of a Lamb Wave-Based Structural Health Monitoring System for Aircraft Applications

Validation of a Lamb Wave-Based Structural Health Monitoring System for Aircraft Applications Validation of a Lamb Wave-Based Structural Health Monitoring System for Aircraft Applications Seth S. Kessler, Ph.D. Dong Jin Shim, Ph.D. SPIE 222 2005Third Street Cambridge, MA 02142 617.661.5616 http://www.metisdesign.com

More information

ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT ON NON-INVASIVE ULTRASONIC-DOPPLER FLOW MEASUREMENT BY UTILZING SHEAR WAVES IN METAL PIPE

ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT ON NON-INVASIVE ULTRASONIC-DOPPLER FLOW MEASUREMENT BY UTILZING SHEAR WAVES IN METAL PIPE 4th International Symposium on Ultrasonic Doppler Method for Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Engineering Sapporo, 6.-8. September, 24 ACCURACY IMPROVEMENT ON NON-INVASIVE ULTRASONIC-DOPPLER FLOW MEASUREMENT

More information

DAMAGE DETECTION IN PLATE STRUCTURES USING SPARSE ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER ARRAYS AND ACOUSTIC WAVEFIELD IMAGING

DAMAGE DETECTION IN PLATE STRUCTURES USING SPARSE ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER ARRAYS AND ACOUSTIC WAVEFIELD IMAGING DAMAGE DETECTION IN PLATE STRUCTURES USING SPARSE ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER ARRAYS AND ACOUSTIC WAVEFIELD IMAGING T. E. Michaels 1,,J.E.Michaels 1,B.Mi 1 and M. Ruzzene 1 School of Electrical and Computer

More information

NUMERICAL MODELING OF AIR-COUPLED ULTRASOUND WITH EFIT. D. E. Chimenti Center of Nondestructive Evaluation Iowa State University Ames, Iowa, USA

NUMERICAL MODELING OF AIR-COUPLED ULTRASOUND WITH EFIT. D. E. Chimenti Center of Nondestructive Evaluation Iowa State University Ames, Iowa, USA NUMERICAL MODELING OF AIR-COUPLED ULTRASOUND WITH EFIT M. Rudolph, P. Fellinger and K. J. Langenberg Dept. Electrical Engineering University of Kassel 34109 Kassel, Germany D. E. Chimenti Center of Nondestructive

More information

Multi-Mode and Multi-Frequency Differential Lamb Wave Imaging with in situ Sparse Transducer Arrays

Multi-Mode and Multi-Frequency Differential Lamb Wave Imaging with in situ Sparse Transducer Arrays ECNDT 26 - Tu.1.3.3 Multi-Mode and Multi-Frequency Differential Lamb Wave Imaging with in situ Sparse Transducer Arrays Jennifer E. MICHAELS and Thomas E. MICHAELS, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,

More information

Non-Destructive Method Based on Rayleigh-Like Waves to Detect Corrosion Thinning on Non- Accessible Areas

Non-Destructive Method Based on Rayleigh-Like Waves to Detect Corrosion Thinning on Non- Accessible Areas 19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 Non-Destructive Method Based on Rayleigh-Like Waves to Detect Corrosion Thinning on Non- Accessible Areas Laura TAUPIN 1, Frédéric JENSON 1*, Sylvain

More information

Switch-less Dual-frequency Reconfigurable CMOS Oscillator using One Single Piezoelectric AlN MEMS Resonator with Co-existing S0 and S1 Lamb-wave Modes

Switch-less Dual-frequency Reconfigurable CMOS Oscillator using One Single Piezoelectric AlN MEMS Resonator with Co-existing S0 and S1 Lamb-wave Modes From the SelectedWorks of Chengjie Zuo January, 11 Switch-less Dual-frequency Reconfigurable CMOS Oscillator using One Single Piezoelectric AlN MEMS Resonator with Co-existing S and S1 Lamb-wave Modes

More information

Instantaneous Baseline Damage Detection using a Low Power Guided Waves System

Instantaneous Baseline Damage Detection using a Low Power Guided Waves System Instantaneous Baseline Damage Detection using a Low Power Guided Waves System can produce significant changes in the measured responses, masking potential signal changes due to structure defects [2]. To

More information

Title: Reference-free Structural Health Monitoring for Detecting Delamination in Composite Plates

Title: Reference-free Structural Health Monitoring for Detecting Delamination in Composite Plates Title: Reference-free Structural Health Monitoring for Detecting Delamination in Composite Plates Authors (names are for example only): Chul Min Yeum Hoon Sohn Jeong Beom Ihn Hyung Jin Lim ABSTRACT This

More information

MIRA Purpose MIRA Tomographer MIRA MIRA Principle MIRA MIRA shear waves MIRA

MIRA Purpose MIRA Tomographer MIRA MIRA Principle MIRA MIRA shear waves MIRA Purpose The MIRA Tomographer is a state-of-the-art instrument for creating a three-dimensional (3-D) representation (tomogram) of internal defects that may be present in a concrete element. MIRA is based

More information

LASER GENERATION AND DETECTION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES

LASER GENERATION AND DETECTION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES LASER GENERATION AND DETECTION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES USING GAS-COUPLED LASER ACOUSTIC DETECTION INTRODUCTION Yuqiao Yang, James N. Caron, and James B. Mehl Department of Physics and Astronomy University

More information

Novel Approach to Make Low Cost, High Density PZT Phased Array and Its Application in Structural Health Monitoring

Novel Approach to Make Low Cost, High Density PZT Phased Array and Its Application in Structural Health Monitoring Novel Approach to Make Low Cost, High Density PZT Phased Array and Its Application in Structural Health Monitoring B. XU, S. BUHLER, K. L1TIAU, S. ELROD, S. UCKUN, V. HAFIYCHUK and V. SMELYANSKIY ABSTRACT

More information

New Multi-Technology In-Line Inspection Tool For The Quantitative Wall Thickness Measurement Of Gas Pipelines

New Multi-Technology In-Line Inspection Tool For The Quantitative Wall Thickness Measurement Of Gas Pipelines New Multi-Technology In-Line Inspection Tool For The Quantitative Wall Thickness Measurement Of Gas Pipelines A. Barbian 1, M. Beller 1, F. Niese 2, N. Thielager 1, H. Willems 1 1 NDT Systems & Services

More information

FATIGUE CRACK CHARACTERIZATION IN CONDUCTING SHEETS BY NON

FATIGUE CRACK CHARACTERIZATION IN CONDUCTING SHEETS BY NON FATIGUE CRACK CHARACTERIZATION IN CONDUCTING SHEETS BY NON CONTACT STIMULATION OF RESONANT MODES Buzz Wincheski, J.P. Fulton, and R. Todhunter Analytical Services and Materials 107 Research Drive Hampton,

More information

CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SURFACE WAVE TRANSDUCERS

CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SURFACE WAVE TRANSDUCERS CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SURFACE WAVE TRANSDUCERS T. J. MORAN Air Force Materials Laboratory (AFML/LLP) Wright-Patterson AF8, Ohio 45433 Tom Szabo mentioned during his presentation

More information

Developments in Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection III

Developments in Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection III Developments in Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection III Improved Phased Array Mode Conversion Inspections Using Variable Split Aperture Processing R. ong, P. Cawley, Imperial College, United Kingdom J.

More information

DAMPING, NOISE, AND IN-PLANE RESPONSE OF MEMS ACOUSTIC EMISSION SENSORS

DAMPING, NOISE, AND IN-PLANE RESPONSE OF MEMS ACOUSTIC EMISSION SENSORS DAMPING, NOISE, AND IN-PLANE RESPONSE OF MEMS ACOUSTIC EMISSION SENSORS AMELIA P. WRIGHT, WEI WU*, IRVING J. OPPENHEIM and DAVID W. GREVE* Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, *Dept. of Electrical

More information

Selective Excitation of Lamb Wave Modes in Thin Aluminium Plates using Bonded Piezoceramics: Fem Modelling and Measurements

Selective Excitation of Lamb Wave Modes in Thin Aluminium Plates using Bonded Piezoceramics: Fem Modelling and Measurements ECNDT 6 - Poster 5 Selective Excitation of Lamb Wave Modes in Thin Aluminium Plates using Bonded Piezoceramics: Fem Modelling and Measurements Yago GÓMEZ-ULLATE, Francisco MONTERO DE ESPINOSA, Instituto

More information

Properties of Interdigital Transducers for Lamb-Wave Based SHM Systems

Properties of Interdigital Transducers for Lamb-Wave Based SHM Systems Properties of Interdigital Transducers for Lamb-Wave Based SHM Systems M. MANKA, M. ROSIEK, A. MARTOWICZ, T. UHL and T. STEPINSKI 2 ABSTRACT Recently, an intensive research activity has been observed concerning

More information

APPLICATION OF ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES FOR INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF TIDAL POWER PLANTS

APPLICATION OF ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES FOR INVESTIGATION OF COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTIONAL COMPONENTS OF TIDAL POWER PLANTS The 12 th International Conference of the Slovenian Society for Non-Destructive Testing»Application of Contemporary Non-Destructive Testing in Engineering«September 4-6, 2013, Portorož, Slovenia More info

More information

Rayleigh Wave Interaction and Mode Conversion in a Delamination

Rayleigh Wave Interaction and Mode Conversion in a Delamination Rayleigh Wave Interaction and Mode Conversion in a Delamination Sunil Kishore Chakrapani a, Vinay Dayal, a and Jamie Dunt b a Department of Aerospace Engineering & Center for NDE, Iowa State University,

More information

Piezoelectric-Based In-Situ Damage Detection in Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring Systems

Piezoelectric-Based In-Situ Damage Detection in Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring Systems Piezoelectric-Based In-Situ Damage Detection in Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring Systems Dr. Seth S. Kessler President,Metis Design Corp. Research Affiliate, MIT Aero/Astro Technology

More information

Lamb Wave Ultrasonic Stylus

Lamb Wave Ultrasonic Stylus Lamb Wave Ultrasonic Stylus 0.1 Motivation Stylus as an input tool is used with touchscreen-enabled devices, such as Tablet PCs, to accurately navigate interface elements, send messages, etc. They are,

More information

ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors

ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12714 First edition 1999-07-15 Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection Secondary calibration of acoustic emission sensors Essais non destructifs Contrôle par émission

More information

FATIGUE CRACK DETECTION IN METALLIC MEMBERS USING SPECTRAL

FATIGUE CRACK DETECTION IN METALLIC MEMBERS USING SPECTRAL FATGUE CRACK DETECTON N METALLC MEMBERS USNG SPECTRAL ANAL YSS OF UL TRASONC RAYLEGH WAVES Udaya B. Halabe and Reynold Franklin West Virginia University Constructed Facilities Center Department of Civil

More information

EWGAE 2010 Vienna, 8th to 10th September

EWGAE 2010 Vienna, 8th to 10th September EWGAE 2010 Vienna, 8th to 10th September Frequencies and Amplitudes of AE Signals in a Plate as a Function of Source Rise Time M. A. HAMSTAD University of Denver, Department of Mechanical and Materials

More information

Piezoelectric Fiber Composite Ultrasonic Transducers for Guided Wave Structural Health Monitoring

Piezoelectric Fiber Composite Ultrasonic Transducers for Guided Wave Structural Health Monitoring More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=15125 Piezoelectric Fiber Composite Ultrasonic Transducers for Guided Wave Structural Health Monitoring Ching-Chung Yin a, Jing-Shi Chen b, Yu-Shyan Liu

More information

NONLINEAR C-SCAN ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPE AND ITS APPLICATION TO CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFUSION- BONDED INTERFACES OF DIFFERENT METALS

NONLINEAR C-SCAN ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPE AND ITS APPLICATION TO CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFUSION- BONDED INTERFACES OF DIFFERENT METALS NONLINEAR C-SCAN ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPE AND ITS APPLICATION TO CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFUSION- BONDED INTERFACES OF DIFFERENT METALS K. Kawashima 1, M. Murase 1, Y. Ohara 1, R. Yamada 2, H. Horio 2, T. Miya

More information

Comparative Study of Bio-implantable Acoustic Generator Architectures

Comparative Study of Bio-implantable Acoustic Generator Architectures Comparative Study of Bio-implantable Acoustic Generator Architectures D Christensen, S Roundy University of Utah, Mechanical Engineering, S. Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, USA E-mail: dave.christensen@utah.edu

More information

KAERI Feeder Tube Inspection Using EMAT Generated Circumferential Guided Waves

KAERI Feeder Tube Inspection Using EMAT Generated Circumferential Guided Waves Sonic Sensors www.sonicsensors.com 1of 9 KAERI Feeder Tube Inspection Using EMAT Generated Circumferential Guided Waves Objective: Inspection of small diameter pie with complex curves. The principal defects

More information

FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH MONITORING OF AN ALUMINUM JOINT STRUCTURE

FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH MONITORING OF AN ALUMINUM JOINT STRUCTURE FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH MONITORING OF AN ALUMINUM JOINT STRUCTURE C. J. Lissenden 1, H. Cho 1, and C. S. Kim 1 1 Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University

More information

INTERNAL CONCRETE INSPECTION AND EVALUATION METHODS FOR STEEL PLATE-BONDED SLABS BY USING ELASTIC WAVES VIA ANCHOR BOLTS

INTERNAL CONCRETE INSPECTION AND EVALUATION METHODS FOR STEEL PLATE-BONDED SLABS BY USING ELASTIC WAVES VIA ANCHOR BOLTS More info about this article: h Czech Society for Nondestructive Testing 32 nd European Conference on Acoustic Emission Testing Prague, Czech Republic, September 7-9, 216 INTERNAL CONCRETE INSPECTION AND

More information

Long Range Ultrasonic Testing - Case Studies

Long Range Ultrasonic Testing - Case Studies More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=21145 Prawin Kumar Sharan 1, Sheethal S 1, Sri Krishna Chaitanya 1, Hari Kishore Maddi 1 1 Sievert India Pvt. Ltd. (A Bureau Veritas Company), 16 &

More information

G. A. Alers and D. T. MacLauchlan

G. A. Alers and D. T. MacLauchlan HIGH FREQUENCY, ANGLE BEAM EMATS FOR WELD INSPECTION G. A. Alers and D. T. MacLauchlan Magnasonics, Inc. Albuquerque, New Mexico INTRODUCTION Accompanying the requirements for higher quality welds in structural

More information

ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION

ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION Modeling, optimization, and experimental validation of a resonant piezo-optical ring sensor for enhanced active and passive structural health monitoring Erik Frankforter, Jingjing Bao, Bin Lin, Victor

More information

Fasteners as Damage Indicators in Timber Structures

Fasteners as Damage Indicators in Timber Structures In: Gopu, Vijaya K.A., ed. Proceedings of the international wood engineering conference; 1996 October 28-31; New Orleans LA. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University: Vol. 4: 38-45 Fasteners as Damage

More information

Ultrasonic Air-Coupled Non-Destructive Testing of Aerospace Components

Ultrasonic Air-Coupled Non-Destructive Testing of Aerospace Components ECNDT 2006 - We.1.1.5 Ultrasonic Air-Coupled Non-Destructive Testing of Aerospace Components Rymantas KAZYS, Andrius DEMCENKO, Liudas MAZEIKA, Reimondas SLITERIS, Egidijus ZUKAUSKAS, Ultrasound Institute

More information

ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES FOR AGING WIRE INSULATION ASSESSMENT

ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES FOR AGING WIRE INSULATION ASSESSMENT ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES FOR AGING WIRE INSULATION ASSESSMENT Robert F. Anastasi 1 and Eric I. Madaras 2 1 U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Vehicle Technology Directorate, AMSRL-VT-S, Nondestructive Evaluation

More information

IMAGING OF DEFECTS IN CONCRETE COMPONENTS WITH NON-CONTACT ULTRASONIC TESTING W. Hillger, DLR and Ing. Büro Dr. Hillger, Braunschweig, Germany

IMAGING OF DEFECTS IN CONCRETE COMPONENTS WITH NON-CONTACT ULTRASONIC TESTING W. Hillger, DLR and Ing. Büro Dr. Hillger, Braunschweig, Germany IMAGING OF DEFECTS IN CONCRETE COMPONENTS WITH NON-CONTACT ULTRASONIC TESTING W. Hillger, DLR and Ing. Büro Dr. Hillger, Braunschweig, Germany Abstract: The building industries require NDT- methods for

More information

MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE DISPLACEMENT EXCITED BY EMAT TRANSDUCER

MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE DISPLACEMENT EXCITED BY EMAT TRANSDUCER XIX IMEKO World Congress Fundamental and Applied Metrology September 6 11, 29, Lisbon, Portugal MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE DISPLACEMENT EXCITED BY EMAT TRANSDUCER Petr Fidler 1, Petr Beneš 2 1 Brno University

More information

Simulation of Ultrasonic Testing of Rail Wheel Face using Phased Array and DDF technique

Simulation of Ultrasonic Testing of Rail Wheel Face using Phased Array and DDF technique Simulation of Ultrasonic Testing of Rail Wheel Face using Phased Array and DDF technique Anand Desai, Ph.D. Abstract This paper presents a method of increasing the near surface resolution of a rail wheel

More information

Developments in Electromagnetic Inspection Methods I

Developments in Electromagnetic Inspection Methods I 6th International Conference on NDE in Relation to Structural Integrity for Nuclear and Pressurized Components October 2007, Budapest, Hungary For more papers of this publication click: www.ndt.net/search/docs.php3?mainsource=70

More information

Introduction To NDT. BY: Omid HEIDARY

Introduction To NDT. BY: Omid HEIDARY Introduction To NDT BY: Omid HEIDARY NDT Methods Penetrant Testing Magnetic Particle Testing Eddy Current Testing Ultrasonic Testing Radiographic Testing Acoustic Emission Infrared Testing Visual Testing

More information

Use of Lamb Waves High Modes in Weld Testing

Use of Lamb Waves High Modes in Weld Testing Use of Lamb Waves High Modes in Weld Testing Eduardo MORENO 1, Roberto OTERO 2, Bernaitz ARREGI 1, Nekane GALARZA 1 Benjamín RUBIO 1 1 Fundación Tecnalia R&I, Basque Country, Spain Phone: +34 671 767 083,

More information

Instantaneous Crack Detection under Changing Operational and Environmental Variations

Instantaneous Crack Detection under Changing Operational and Environmental Variations Instantaneous Crack Detection under Changing Operational and Environmental Variations Seung Bum Kim a and Hoon Sohn* b a Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,

More information

DISBOND DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION USING HORIZONT ALL Y

DISBOND DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION USING HORIZONT ALL Y DISBOND DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION USING HORIZONT ALL Y POLARIZED SHEAR WA YES AND EMAT PROBES INTRODUCTION A. Chahbaz, V. Mustafa, 1. Gauthier and D. R. Hay Tektrend International Inc., NDT Technology

More information

The Development of Laser Ultrasonic Visualization Equipment and its Application in Nondestructive Inspection

The Development of Laser Ultrasonic Visualization Equipment and its Application in Nondestructive Inspection 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 25-28 Oct 2008, Shanghai, China The Development of Laser Ultrasonic Visualization Equipment and its Application in Nondestructive Inspection Bo WANG 1,

More information

ACOUSTIC MICRO IMAGING ANALYSIS METHODS FOR 3D PACKAGES

ACOUSTIC MICRO IMAGING ANALYSIS METHODS FOR 3D PACKAGES ACOUSTIC MICRO IMAGING ANALYSIS METHODS FOR 3D PACKAGES Janet E. Semmens Sonoscan, Inc. Elk Grove Village, IL, USA Jsemmens@sonoscan.com ABSTRACT Earlier studies concerning evaluation of stacked die packages

More information

PACKAGING OF STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING COMPONENTS

PACKAGING OF STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING COMPONENTS PACKAGING OF STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING COMPONENTS Seth S. Kessler Metis Design Corporation S. Mark Spearing Massachusetts Institute of Technology Technology Laboratory for Advanced Composites National

More information

THE EXTRACTION METHOD FOR DISPERSION CURVES FROM SPECTROGRAMS USING HOUGH TRANSFORM

THE EXTRACTION METHOD FOR DISPERSION CURVES FROM SPECTROGRAMS USING HOUGH TRANSFORM THE EXTRACTION METHOD FOR DISPERSION CURVES FROM SPECTROGRAMS USING HOUGH TRANSFORM Abstract D.A. TERENTYEV, V.A. BARAT and K.A. BULYGIN Interunis Ltd., Build. 3-4, 24/7, Myasnitskaya str., Moscow 101000,

More information

MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION USING LASER ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES

MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION USING LASER ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION USING LASER ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES NDCM XII VA Tech June 19 to 24, 2011 B. Boro Djordjevic Materials and Sensors Technologies, Inc. Maryland, USA 410 766 5002, Fax. 410766 5009,

More information

ULTRASONIC TESTING OF BARS AND BILLETS

ULTRASONIC TESTING OF BARS AND BILLETS ULTRASONIC TESTING OF BARS AND BILLETS Ultrasonic testing (UT) of bars and billets is a pressing problem to be solved by the metallurgical industry. Manual testing of the above mentioned products is practically

More information

Co-Located Triangulation for Damage Position

Co-Located Triangulation for Damage Position Co-Located Triangulation for Damage Position Identification from a Single SHM Node Seth S. Kessler, Ph.D. President, Metis Design Corporation Ajay Raghavan, Ph.D. Lead Algorithm Engineer, Metis Design

More information

Abstract. 1 Introduction. 1.2 Concept. 1.1 Problematic. 1.3 Modelling

Abstract. 1 Introduction. 1.2 Concept. 1.1 Problematic. 1.3 Modelling Piezo-composite transducer for mode and direction selectivity of Lamb waves Eng. Thomas Porchez, Cedrat Technologies, Meylan, France Dr. Nabil Bencheikh, Cedrat Technologies, Meylan, France Dr. Ronan Le

More information

Guided wave based material characterisation of thin plates using a very high frequency focused PVDF transducer

Guided wave based material characterisation of thin plates using a very high frequency focused PVDF transducer Guided wave based material characterisation of thin plates using a very high frequency focused PVDF transducer Anoop U and Krishnan Balasubramanian More info about this article: http://www.ndt.net/?id=22227

More information

Characterization of Silicon-based Ultrasonic Nozzles

Characterization of Silicon-based Ultrasonic Nozzles Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 123 127 (24) 123 Characterization of licon-based Ultrasonic Nozzles Y. L. Song 1,2 *, S. C. Tsai 1,3, Y. F. Chou 4, W. J. Chen 1, T. K. Tseng

More information

Nondestructive Testing and Flaw Detection in Steel block Using extension of Split Spectrum Processing based on Chebyshev IIR filter

Nondestructive Testing and Flaw Detection in Steel block Using extension of Split Spectrum Processing based on Chebyshev IIR filter Nondestructive Testing and Flaw Detection in Steel block Using extension of Split Spectrum Processing based on Chebyshev IIR filter Revathi.T.S 1, Salim Paul 2 1 M.tech (Signal Processing), Dept. Of ECE,

More information

A Numerical study on proper mode and frequency selection for riveted lap joints inspection using Lamb waves.

A Numerical study on proper mode and frequency selection for riveted lap joints inspection using Lamb waves. More Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=18676 A Numerical study on proper mode and frequency selection for riveted lap joints inspection using Lamb waves. Mohammad. (. SOORGEE Nondestructive

More information

Optimized Semi-Flexible Matrix Array Probes for Large Rotor Shafts and DGS Sizing Diagram Simulation Tool

Optimized Semi-Flexible Matrix Array Probes for Large Rotor Shafts and DGS Sizing Diagram Simulation Tool 19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 Optimized Semi-Flexible Matrix Array Probes for Large Rotor Shafts and DGS Sizing Diagram Simulation Tool Dany DEVOS 1, Guy MAES 1, Patrick TREMBLAY

More information

PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSFORMER FOR INTEGRATED MOSFET AND IGBT GATE DRIVER

PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSFORMER FOR INTEGRATED MOSFET AND IGBT GATE DRIVER 1 PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSFORMER FOR INTEGRATED MOSFET AND IGBT GATE DRIVER Prasanna kumar N. & Dileep sagar N. prasukumar@gmail.com & dileepsagar.n@gmail.com RGMCET, NANDYAL CONTENTS I. ABSTRACT -03- II. INTRODUCTION

More information

Research on An Inspection Method for De-bond Defects in Aluminum. Skin-Honeycomb Core Sandwich Structure with Guided Waves

Research on An Inspection Method for De-bond Defects in Aluminum. Skin-Honeycomb Core Sandwich Structure with Guided Waves 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 5-8 Oct 008, Shanghai, China Research on An Inspection Method for De-bond Defects in Aluminum Skin-Honeycomb Core Sandwich Structure with Guided Waves Fangcheng

More information

SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE STUDIES OF SURFACE CRACKS IN CERAMICS. A. Fahr, S. Johar, and M.K. Murthy

SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE STUDIES OF SURFACE CRACKS IN CERAMICS. A. Fahr, S. Johar, and M.K. Murthy SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE STUDIES OF SURFACE CRACKS IN CERAMICS A. Fahr, S. Johar, and M.K. Murthy Ontario Research Foundation Mississauga, Ontario, Canada W.R. Sturrock Defence Research Establishment, Pacific

More information

1. Introduction. 2. Mobile Ultrasonic Inspection System MUSE

1. Introduction. 2. Mobile Ultrasonic Inspection System MUSE 15th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing Roma (Italy) 15-21 October 2000 Proceedings on CD-ROM Ultrasonic Testing of Composites from Laboratory Research to Field Inspections W. Hillger DLR Braunschweig,

More information

Detectability of kissing bonds using the non-linear high frequency transmission technique

Detectability of kissing bonds using the non-linear high frequency transmission technique 17th World Conference on Nondestructive Testing, 25-28 Oct 28, Shanghai, China Detectability of kissing bonds using the non-linear high frequency transmission technique Dawei YAN 1, Bruce W. DRINKWATER

More information

CRACK DETECTION AND DEFECT CLASSIFICATION USING THE LLT - TECHNIQUE. Wolfgang Gebhardt and Friedhelm Walte

CRACK DETECTION AND DEFECT CLASSIFICATION USING THE LLT - TECHNIQUE. Wolfgang Gebhardt and Friedhelm Walte CRACK DETECTION AND DEFECT CLASSIFICATION USING THE LLT - TECHNIQUE Wolfgang Gebhardt and Friedhelm Walte Fraunhofer-Institut fur zerstorungsfreie Prufverfahren Universitat, Gebaude 37 D-6600 Saarbrucken,

More information