BV4112. Serial Micro stepping Motor Controller. Product specification. Dec V0.a. ByVac Page 1 of 18
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1 Product specification Dec V0.a ByVac Page 1 of 18
2 SV3 Relay Controller BV4111 Contents 1. Introduction Features Electrical interface Serial interface Motor Connector Factory PWM Mode Digital & Step Mode Digital Out ADC In Digital In Stepper Command Set PWM Enable A and B Direct Motor Stepper Steps Stop Steps to go Test ADC Acquisition Delay Voltage reference Digital Output Digital Input Practical Examples DC Motor Configuration Bipolar Stepper Motor Unipolar Stepper Motor Step Input Bipolar micro step: Bipolar non-micro step: Unipolar half step Revisions SV Introduction to SV SV3 Electrical Interface Serial Connections Start Up Command Format October of 18
3 26. Numbers Non/Inverted Mode Data Packet Receiving Data Non-Addressable Commands Command Command Command Addressable Commands Summary Write to EEPROM Address ACK character NACK character Turn off Error reporting CR Character Multi Read EEPROM Device Number Toggle Inverted Reset Version Error Codes Connection and Configuration Multiple Devices Restoring Factory Defaults ByVac Page 3 of 18
4 Rev Dec 2012 Dec 2012 Change Preliminary Revisions 4 n/c 5 Gnd Pin number 1 is the nearest to the edge of the PCB Power can be supplied to the motor controller directly from the board if required at the other end of the PCB. 1. Introduction The is a serial motor controller. This will not drive a motor directly but has the I/O for connecting to a ready built l293 or L298 board. It has a high resolution PWM output so that an exact amount of power can be delivered to the motor through the enable pins. This also enables micro stepping of bipolar type stepper motors and full control over DC and unipolar stepper motors. In addition to this it also has a step and direction pin for direct control of stepper motors. 2. Features Wide voltage range 2.5V to 5.5V 2 x PWM outputs 4 x Motor control outputs DC motor control Stepper motor control Step rate up to 200kHz Step and direction input or analogue and digital pins 1 x 10 bit analogue input (Mode 2) 1 x digital input (mode 2) Addressable many devices can share a single serial bus Automatic Baud rate detection up to User configurable 3. Electrical interface There are two main connections to the board. The serial interface and the relay interface. Pin 3.1. Serial interface 1 RX 2 TX Description 3.2. Motor Connector Pin Use Use Pin 13 (1)Direction (0)Dig. Out 11 (1)Enable (0)ANA in 9 (1)Step (0)Dig. In ENB 14 ENA 12 n/c 10 7 IN2 +V 8 5 GND IN3 6 3 IN1 IN4 4 1 n/c n/c 2 n/c is no connection. These pins have dual purpose The outputs are normally low by default and when active they go high. Host TX RX Device RX (1) TX (2) Ground Ground (5) 3.3V +V (3) Device hardware Ground 5V Some logic / microcntrollers are 3.3V, if this is the case and the device requires 5V then the above shows the power arrangement. If both require the same voltage then the power can be conveniently obtained from the +V pin 3.3. Factory There are a set of 5 holes to the top of the PCB, the left most one has a square pad. For factory reset connect the square pad to the right most hole as indicated by the blue dotted line. For details of the procedure refer to the SV3 Description document. Serial 1 J V ByVac Page 4 of 18
5 4. PWM There are two (pulse width modulated) PWM output channels A and B, these are designed to be connected to the L293 or L298 enable lines. The outputs are on pins 12 and 14 The PWM runs at 32KHz and has a resolution of 10 bits, thus the width can be set from 0 (off) to 1023 (full on) in 1023 discrete steps. By default at reset the outputs are low. 5. Mode 1 The device has two modes of operation depending on the EEPROM value in location 19. If this is set to 1 then the device will obey the step input pin to step the motor. In this mode the serial input will still work but it is not necessary. The device can be set up with the serial interface but after that if the mode bit is set to 1 then the serial section can be ignored. By default the device is in mode 1. Pin Use Use Pin 13 (1)Direction ENB (1)Enable ENA 12 9 (1)Step n/c 10 Mode 1 pin operation 5.1. Digital & Step There is an option for driving a stepper motor using a direction and step control. This is enabled by default and will work without the serial interface. The step, enable and direction are inputs that have high value pull up resistors. A pulse low on the step input will step the motor by 1. A low on the direction pin will change the motor direction and a low on the enable pin will cut power to the motor on the next step. In this way an external host can have direct control over the steps and direction. There is some more practical information in section Mode 0 This mode has to be selected by changing the contents of EEPROM location 19 from 1 to 0. In this mode the following pins are in operation. Pin Use Use Pin 13 (0)Dig. Out ENB (0)ANA in ENA 12 9 (0)Dig. In n/c 10 The motor controller will be operated exclusively from the serial input Digital Out This is an output pin that can be set either high or low using the appropriate commands ADC In There is one analogue input that has a resolution of 10 bits (max value 1023). The negative reference is set to ground but the positive reference can be set to one of 3 different values: 1.024V 2.048V 4.096V The latter of course only being possible if the device is supplied with 5V. This is an accurate voltage reference internal to the processor. Obtaining an ADC value requires 2 stages, the acquisition and the conversion. The conversion time is fixed at 1uS. This is the time it takes to convert the value in a storage device to a digital value. The acquisition time can be set by a command. This is the time that the voltage on the pin will take to charge a capacitor on board the IC and is dependant on the impedance of the input. A low impedance will require less time Digital In A general purpose digital input. This has a high value pull up resistor connected to it so it will read 1 when not connected to anything. 7. Stepper There are a set of commands that will enable any type of stepper motor to be connected, this is because the step pattern is determined by the user. The step pattern is stored in EEPROM locations 30 onwards. Control Location Name Default Content 16 Stop 1 (see text) 17 Micro 1 (see text) 18 Pattern 30 (see text) 19 Mode 1 (see text) 20 Default ENA 0 (see text) 21 Default ENB 0 (see text) Bipolar Location Name Content 30 # Steps 4 31 Step Step Step Step 4 9 ByVac Page 5 of 18
6 Unipolar full step Location Name Content 40 # Steps 4 41 Step Step Step Step 4 8 Unipolar half step Location Name Content 50 # Steps 8 51 Step Step Step Step Step Step Step Step 8 9 The step pattern is a number that is fed to the L1-L4 outputs for the motor driver. Only the first 4 bits least significant bits are used. The table in section 8.2 shows which outputs are active for the 16 possible outputs. The EEPROM is divided up into sections. The first section starting at location 16 has three values: Stop: when this is set to 1 and the motor comes to a halt both enable outputs are set to 0. This means that the motor will not be consuming any current or overheating. It does mean that no breaking will be in effect that may be undesirable for some applications and so this value can be set to 0 to stop this effect. Micro: when this is set to 1 the motor will use micro stepping, each motor step is divided into 8 micro steps and the power to each winding is controlled by the enable outputs. Pattern: there are 3 built in stepping patterns and the value in this location points to one of those patterns. A pattern must being with the number of steps. A user can change the built in pattern or create a new one an place it anywhere in the EEPROM, preferably at a location higher than 58 The direction is controlled by incrementing or decrementing the step number and the speed is determined by the amount of delay between steps. The rate can be controlled in 5uS (200kHz) steps and can range from 0 (5uS) to (325mS). Mode: enables the step and direction pins so that an external host can control a stepper without the serial interface. This is on by default. Default ENA/B: the pwm value of the enable outputs. As these are 10 bits and the EEPROM value is only 8 bits then it is the most significant 8 bits. By default these are set to Command Set NOTE there are two distinct command sets. The system command set and this command set. For the system command set refer to the SV3 Description document, at the back of this text. Default address 101 ( e ) Command Set a (97) b (98) c (99) m (100) n (110) s (115) k (107) f (102) t (116) PWM Enable A PWM enable B PWM Both Direct motor Stepper Steps Stop Number of steps to go Test g (103) Get ADC value [1] q (113) v (118) Set acquisition delay Set voltage ref o (111) Output 1 or 0 [1] i (105) Input value [1] Table 1 Command Set [1] commands not available in mode 1 operation. All of the above commands require a device address to be specified as described in the SV3 description document and command examples are shown using the default address of PWM Enable A and B These are three commands that control the PWM output. The ENA and ENB outputs are intended for the motor enable pins on the L293 or L298 IC. These can of course be used differently if required. One command will affect A and the other B, for convenience there is a command that will effect both at the same time The PWM duty cycle is specified by a decimal number form 0 to At 0 the ENx outputs will be off (0 low) and at 1023 they will be full on. ByVac Page 6 of 18
7 Example: To set both ENA and ENB to 50% power: On a text Terminal: ec511 This is bytes: Command c (99) will set both outputs simultaneously Direct Motor This will set any of the 4 motor lines L1 to L4 (In1 to In4) to either high or low. At reset all of these lines are low. The lines are set by a number following the command as follows: N In4 In3 In2 In As an example to set just In3 high and the rest low, this would be N=4 so the command on a terminal would be: em4 This is bytes: Stepper This command will set the step rate and direction. The command format is: <address><110>rate,direction Rate is the step rate in intervals of 5uS, 0 is 5uS and can be set up to that will give approximately 300mS Direction is either 0 or 1. 0 will step through the step patterns in a forward direction. This command is used to set up the parameters before the steps command. Examples: 1) Set the step rate to 1mS and direction to 0. On a terminal: en200,0 As bytes ) Set the step rate to 0.5mS and direction 1. On a terminal: en100,1 As bytes Steps This command will step the motor either singly or with a specified number of steps. The rate and direction have been previously set using the Stepper command. Command format: <address><115>[number of steps] The number of steps is optional, to single step the motor: On a terminal: es As bytes: To step the motor 15 times: On a terminal: es15 As bytes: Stop This will clear the steps variable and stop the motor. 12. Steps to go The stepping begins and continues without user intervention and other commands can be entered whilst it is in progress. This command shows the number of steps left to go before the motor stops. ByVac Page 7 of 18
8 The output is a decimal ASCII coded number followed by ACK. As an example if there are 2145 steps left to go the output would be in bytes: After sending the command. 13. Test This command is used to make it easier to get the wiring matching the step patterns using trial and error. The command will accept 4 step patterns and then output them with a delay of about 200mS between so it can easily be seen what the motor is doing. A step pattern is 4 bits according to the table in the direct motor control section. To output a test using the 4 patterns 1,4,2,8 as an example. On a terminal: et1,4,2,8 As bytes: If the pattern an wiring are correct the motor will turn in the same direction for each step and each step should make the motor travel the same distance. One the pattern and wiring are established it can then be put into the EEPROM. 14. ADC There is an on board ADC with a 10 bit resolution. This command will return the value as an ASCII coded decimal value. As an example if the value returned was 1023, then this in bytes would be: The ending 6 is the ACK and will be used by the host to determine the end of the value Voltage reference There is a precision voltage reference that is used to measure the ADC against, this can be set to 1 of three values: (1) 1.024V (2) 2.048V (3) 4.096V by specifying either 1, 2 or 3 in the command. If the device is being supplied by 3.3V then the third option will not have any effect. To set the ADC reference to 2.048V on a terminal: ev2 As bytes: Digital Output Sets the digital output pin to high or low. Terminal example: eo1 eo0 // sets output to be high // sets output to be low 18. Digital Input Shows the logic level on the pin. The IC will be damaged if the voltage on the pin exceeds the supply voltage. As an example with the pin disconnected the output from the command would be 1 thus: 49 6 The 6 is the ACK. 15. Acquisition Delay The ADC needs time to acquire the voltage on the pin. This is proportional to the impedance of the input but can be found by trial and error. A consistent result means that the acquisition has had long enough. The delay is set by a decimal value of between 0 and 255 and is in increments of 40uS, so setting it to 10 will give a delay of 0.4mS and setting to 25 will give a delay of 1mS. The default delay is set to 1mS. Command format: <address><113><ascii coded number> As an example to set the delay to 3mS (75): On a terminal: eq75 As bytes ByVac Page 8 of 18
9 19. Practical Examples The Device can be supplied with a motor driver board. M DC Motor Configuration Outputs L1 L4 L2 L3 M Differential control allows forward and reverse of 2 DC motors. The PWM inputs on A and B can be used to independently control the speed of each motor Bipolar Stepper Motor Outputs L1 L2 L4 L3 This is a typical driver board it has 6 inputs and 4 outputs. The input connections are shown below. The unique feature of this board is that it has an on board 5V regulator. The board can then be supplied with the motor power, usually 12V to 35V and with the push button pushed, the on board 5V regulator will supply power for the L298 logic. If 5V is supplied externally then the 5V input is used and the button is in its up most position. The input to this board are as follows: Motor Driver ENA 12 ENB 14 In1 3 In2 7 In3 6 In4 4 GND 5 Pin GND is the centre screw terminal, both boards must share the same ground. The arrangement of the pins on the bv4112 are odd on one side and even on the other, see the table in the motor connector section. Some boards have jumpers on ENA and ENB to 5V, remove these and be sure to connect to the ENx pins not the 5V pins. A bipolar stepper motor has 4 wires and each coil is independent of the other. By energising the coil in one direction a step is obtained, energising it in the other direction another step is obtained. This motor really needs a H-Bridge type driver like the one shown in the picture. It can also be micro stepped. To use a motor like this set up the following EEPROM locations: Control Location Name Default Content 16 Stop 1 or 0 17 Micro 1 18 Pattern Mode 0 20 Default ENA 0 (optional) 21 Default ENB 0 (optional) To set this up using a terminal enter the following: ew16,1 ew17,1 ew18,30 ew19,0 // this is important One winding should be connected to L1-L2 and the other to L3-L4. The only thing that can be wrong is that the polarity of the windings are wrong, in which case simply swap them over. To trial the motor with micro stepping use something like the following commands: en500,0 direction es5000 // step 5000 // this sets up the timing and ByVac Page 9 of 18
10 The easiest way to experiment with a motor is at a terminal. The above commands will set the speed and es will tell the controller to step that many times. If micro stepping is not used, i.e. EEPROM location 17 is 0 (command ew17,0) then you will also need to set power to the motor with this command: ec1023 // full power to both ENA and ENB The delay between steps is much shorter using micro stepping to obtain the same speed, also 8 times as many steps are needed for one revolution. makes no difference. The EEPROM settings should be: Control Location Name Default Content 16 Stop 1 or 0 17 Micro 0 18 Pattern 40 or Mode 0 20 Default ENA 0 (optional) 21 Default ENB 0 (optional) To set this up using a terminal enter the following: ew16,1 ew17,0 ew18,40 ew19,0 // this is important Use a generous timing at first: en2000,0 ec1023 es500 // initial 500 steps Picture shows a bipolar stepper motor connected to a driver and controller. Swap the wires about until it works. In practice because all of the coils are joined together more than one combination will work, particularly when using half stepping Step Input A Unipolar Stepper Motor Outputs L1 L4 L2 L3 B As well as the serial input there is also a step input. There is no need to have anything connected to use this input other than the step and direction pins. Note that in this mode the motor will be fully on (depending on the PWM) for each step and it will be up to the user to control the power. These have 5 or 6 wires, the above shows a 6 wire motor which, if wires A and B are ignored can be used in the same way as a bipolar motor. A 5 wire motor has wires A and B joined up so there is a common wire for both windings, this does mean that in one way or another all of the windings are connected to each other and so the 5 wire type is not suitable for use as a bipolar motor. Micro stepping is also not really appropriate (but will work) but they will half step very nicely and produce some good results. The common wire can be found using resistance as this wire when measured to all of the other wires will produce half the resistance With this type of motor using a H-Bridge there is no need to connect the common wire as it The EEPROM needs setting to appropriate values in order to successfully use it, here are some examples. Control Bipolar micro step: Location Name Default Content 16 Stop no effect 17 Micro 1 18 Pattern Mode 1 20 Default ENA 0 21 Default ENB 0 ByVac Page 10 of 18
11 Using these parameters will give a micro step on each pulse. Micro step will determine the power and so there is no need to set locations 20 and 21. The above is the default settings. Control Bipolar non-micro step: Location Name Default Content 16 Stop no effect 17 Micro 0 18 Pattern Mode 1 20 Default ENA Default ENB 255 Enable Step Direction In this instance the diagram shows that the motor is not disabled until the next step. The actual step pulse does not step the motor if the disable line is held low prior to the falling edge of the step pulse. For an excellent reference see: In this instance the enable (PWM) outputs will need setting to match the power required from the motor. Control Unipolar half step Location Name Default Content 16 Stop no effect 17 Micro 0 18 Pattern Mode 1 20 Default ENA Default ENB 255 The power to the motor is controlled by locations 20 and 21 Enable Step Direction The above shows how the motor changes direction on the next step after the direction input has been changed. Note that the step occurs on the negative edge of the pulse. ByVac Page 11 of 18
12 20. Revisions SV3 Rev Nov 2012 Nov 2012 Change Update from IASI Version Introduction to SV3 Serial Version 3 is an enhancement of the original IASI protocol that allows smaller more compact packets and thus increasing the efficiency. It is backward compatible but some of the superfluous commands have been removed. The default now is to connect to a microcontroller rather than RS232 and some devices do not support RS232 voltage levels any more. The SV3 is a common standard that makes it much easier to control and use hardware from either a standard communication interface (terminal) or a microcontroller. It is based on a very simple command set that does not require hardware handshaking and is therefore very easy to set up. All of the transfers (unless otherwise stated) to and from the host are in text. This makes it easier to interface to common programming languages such as VB or Python. 22. SV3 Electrical Interface The device has very simple requirements. A power supply, transmit and receive lines as shown in table E1. The interface will always interface to 5V logic and may also have a provision for receiving 12V RS232 signals. A five pin connector is used with normally only 3 or four pins being connected at any one time. There may be two receive lines, pin 1 receive line will accept normal 5V logic as presented by a microcontroller pin or UART and pin 4 will accept positive an negative voltages up to 15V that are normally present on a standard RS232 interface. Pin 4 will also invert the logic which is also normal for this interface. The Baud rate is automatically detected at start up on the first or second receipt of Carriage Return (#13). The detection is from a fixed set of standard Baud rates normally: 9600, 14,400, 19,200 and 38,400 and sometimes The transmit pin has an open collector output that has a pull-up resistor on board connected through a jumper. This allows more than one device to be used on the same serial line, only one jumper should be shorted. See the section on multiple devices for further information. The data byte is represented by 1 start bit, 8 data bits and 1 stop bit. The idle state is normally high so a stop bit begins by pulling the serial line low. Pin Description 1 RX receives data from the host 2 TX sends data to the host 3 +V 2.5 to 5.5V (but see data sheet for that device) 4 RX input, can accept _15V and - 15V will also invert the data not implemented on all devices 5 Ground 5 Pin connector The +V pin is in the centre and so if the plug is inadvertently connected backwards there is no consequence. 23. Serial Connections The device is designed to work with a microcontroller or similar device that outputs logic level signals, in turn the device will also output a logic level signal. The power supply to the device depends on the device, the electronics will work from 2.5 to 5.5V, however it may be connected to a peripheral that requires more voltage, relays and some LCD displays require 5V for example. The logic level of the output pin will be the same as the +V pin 5. There is an alternative input provided on some devices for the RS232 standard on pin 4. This is just the input, the output on pin 2 will remain at logic levels. The input on pin 4 can accept up to + and 15V. It will also invert the input as this is what is needed for RS232. Figure 1 Connection to a PC ByVac Page 12 of 18
13 Figure shows the connections to a 9 pin D type connector found on some PC s. This is the RS23 connection. The RX line cannot be used for multiple devices in this configuration. 24. Start Up The Start up procedure will establish the Baud rate of the host. The Baud rate will be selected from a table of standard Baud rates as follows: [1] [1] [1] These two rates are not available on all devices. The device will match the host baud rate by using the following procedure: Send CR with a delay or 50ms between until the device sends back *. This will normally take 3 CR s Pseudo code: for j = 1 to 5 putc( \r ) delay_ms(50) if getc() = * break next CR is 13 or 0x0d or \r * is 42 or 0x2a The auto detect can be overridden with a fixed Baud rate by setting the appropriate value on the devices EEPROM. If multi (see eeprom) is set to 0 then any time CR is sent on its own, the device will respond with *. 25. Command Format All devices have an address which is one byte and can be any value within the range 97 to 122. The user specifies the address and so can be set up for multiple devices. The default address is given in the data sheet for the individual device and all devices must be addressed although there are some global commands that address all of the devices at once. There are basically two sets of commands, those which are common to all devices, these are described here and normally be in the range 65 to 90 and those that are device specific which are described in the devices datasheet. This section deals with the system commands. The command format in general is therefore: <address>{commands}<eol> The device will always (unless reset) respond with ACK which by default is 6. EOL is the end of line character which by default is Numbers Some commands are followed by data. Where this is the case and a number is required it is sent as text. Numbers are also received as text. As an example if a command required two numbers say 12 and 120, the command format may look something like below. <address><command>< 12 ><delimiter>< 12 0 ><EOL> The address would be a single byte corresponding to the devices address. The command would also normally be a single byte. The 12 would be 2 bytes, and 120, 3 bytes. The delimiter between the numbers is normally a, but can be a space or any non digit, just as ling as it separates the two numbers. If the address was 99 and the command say 50 then the actual bytes sent to the device would be: Just to re-iterate, the 12 is sent as text so this is 2 bytes with values of 49 and 50 that correspond to the ASCII values 1 and 2. This is the general rule however for efficiency this may be overridden by the individual device, if that is the case it will be clearly explained in the data sheet for that device. 27. Non/Inverted Mode As previously mentioned the device is capable of operating with a standard RS232 communication port (inverted) and a microcontroller (noninverted - default). The device will accept either signal as it has two inputs but it only has one output. ByVac Page 13 of 18
14 The output can be set as inverted to comply with RS232 but doing so will prevent any other device from working on the same bus. The inverted mode is not the normal way of working as this protocol allows many devices to share a serial bus. The recommended method if an RS232 9 pin connection has to be used is to interface through a conversion device to make the RS232 behave as a microcontroller word. A MX232 for example. 28. Data Packet A packet consists of a series of bytes followed by byte 13 (Carriage Return CR). It follows then that all commands must end with CR for the device to accept the command. The host should then wait for the device to return ACK (6) or NACK (21) before proceeding. Using this protocol means that no hardware handshaking is required, for a microcontroller this means two less lines are required. There are some implications however and that is that the device must wait until the full command is received before acting on it. The buffer size default for a device is 64 bytes but this may vary. The buffer cannot be exceeded so will restrict some forms of communication. 29. Receiving Data Some commands will return information. Where this happens the ACK or NACK will be received at the end of the received data. The ACK will instruct the host that it is okay to collect the data. See the Version command for a simple example of this behaviour. 30. Non-Addressable Commands The interface is completely software driven, all commands and configuration are done through a serial interface. The only exception to this is the hardware factory default restore. The following commands do not require a device address. These are 'global' in that all devices on the bus will respond or take action Command 1 This is the discovery command it purpose is to find out what devices are on the bus in an automated way. It can also be used to check that the devices exist as expected. The command requires two bytes to be sent: 1 13 Following this each device will place its address on the bus in turn using the address value in a delay calculation. Each device has 2mS to place its address on the bus, the lowest address 97 will send its address immediately where as a device with address 122 will take (122-97)*2mS = 50mS. Example, two devices are on the bus: <output from devices> No ACK is given for this command so the host must wait at least 50ms for all the devices to respond Command 2 Toggle inverted. The output signal will be inverted, this is mainly to cater for devices that are connected to RS232 that requires an inverted signal Command 3 This will reset all devices as if they had just been powered up. Following this command one or two CR is required to establish the Baud rate. 31. Addressable Commands The following commands require the device address to be sent first, only the device with that address will respond. The command byte values have been chosen so that they are in the printable range. This makes it easier to debug using a simple terminal emulator. To read the first 6 bytes of the EERPOM for example would simply be: ar0,6<cr> The device will then output readable text Summary Command W (87) R (82) I (73) C (67) V (86) D (68) Description Write to EEPROM Read EEPROM Reserved Toggle inverted Reset device Version Device ID Note that examples will use the default address of 97. The first few bytes of the EEPROM contain system information and can be changed with the above commands. The system details along with the EEPROM address is as follows: EEPROM Address Default Value Description 0 0 0xff causes factory reset 1 97 Device address 2 6 ACK character 3 21 NACK character ByVac Page 14 of 18
15 4 0 Baud rate [1] 5 1 Error reporting 0 is off 6 13 or 0xfc 7 0 Multi Default CR or end of line character Bytes up 10 reserved for device or future use. [1] The Baud rate has the following values: 0. This is the automatic Baud rate. The actual Baud rate will be determined by the host when 13 is first sent. 1. Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at Baud rate is fixed at The latter Baud rate may not be available on all devices Write to EEPROM This device has an internal EEPROM with an address range 0 to 255. The user can use this as general non-volatile storage but should refrain from using addresses below 10 as they may be used for the system. The command has the following format: <address>< eeprom address ><delim>< value ><EOL> If things do go wrong with any of the system values then a hardware factory reset can be performed to restore the EEPROM back to its default settings. As an example to change the address from 97 to 102 the following bytes will be sent by the host: A comma (44) is used as a delimiter to separate the EEPROM address from the value. EEPROM address 1 contains the device address. NOTE: When altering a system EEPROM setting a reset is required for it to take effect Address This EEPROM location contains the device address. It is important to set the address between the values 97 to 122, no checking is made by the device ACK character By default this is 6 but can be changed using the EERPOM Write command. The effect will not be implemented until the device is reset NACK character By default this is 21 but can be changed using the EERPOM Write command. The effect will not be implemented until the device is reset Turn off Error reporting By default error reporting is enabled and this will be reported and an output prefixed by Error, for example Error 2. This may get in the way of the program trying to control the device and so it can be disabled with this command. The effect will not be implemented until the device is reset CR Character By default this is 13 which is the standard ASCII CR and the whole protocol relies on this being at the end of every command. It may be that this is unsuitable in some systems and so this can be changed. Important: This does not apply to the automatic Baud rate detection that must be Multi Where there is only one device, sending EOL (CR) on its own will get a * response back. This is very reassuring when testing and using the device. However in a multi-device environment. This behaviour can have a detrimental effect if all of the devices try to do it at the same time. Setting this value to 1 will turn off this behaviour Read EEPROM The EEPROM values can be read with this command given a starting address and the number of bytes to read. <address><read eeprom>< start >< #bytes > <host> The output from the device will commence after receiving 13 and will consist of a string of data terminated with ACK. The sting will be in the form of text delimited by, and all of the values will be decimal. An example of output for the first 5 bytes of EERPOM would be: 0,97,6,21,0 <ACK> Device Number Returns a number representing the device product number as a string ByVac Page 15 of 18
16 <host> 4111 <ACK> Returned by device Toggle Inverted Pin 2 on the electrical interface that supplies the output information (Tx line), can be supplied inverted or non-inverted (at reset, start up). Inverted is used if the device is connected directly to an RS232 PC Com (where the interface is available) port and non-inverted is used when the device goes through a converter (BV201, BV101) or is connected to a microcontroller. At reset the device is always in the non-inverted mode. Some device do not support this command in which case an error will be generated output is now inverted output is now non-inverted Just ACK will be returned by the device, but this will be an inverted ACK Reset Resets an individual device. The baud rate will need establishing again after this command is used. This is similar to command 3 but works on a single device. A soft reset will normally be the same as a reset at start-up but this may not always be the case. Obviously no ACK will be returned by this command Version Returns the firmware version as a string in the format H.L An example of the transaction would be: <host> <ACK> 32. Error Codes Error codes will be displayed if they have not been switched off. An error code is output as text followed by NACK, as an example if error 2 occurred then the output would be: 0x45 0x72 0x72 0x6f 0x72 0x32 0x15 Code Description 2 Unknown command, the command issued is not in the command table for this device. 3 Bad device address, the address specified is outside the address range. 4 Bad number, out of range for the command specified 5 Incomplete command, usually because not enough bytes have been sent for the specified command. 6 reserved 33. Connection and Configuration Multiple Devices The output of the device is an open collector, this means that many devices can be connected to the same serial bus. The only proviso is that there needs to be a pull up resistor somewhere on the bus. On all SV3 devices there is a built in pull up resistor connected to a jumper that has is shorted out by a PCB track. In practice around three devices can be connected to the same bus without regard to this jumper or pull up. If more devices need to be connected then the cumulative impedance of all of the individual pull up resistors will be too great for the serial bus to overcome. In this instance the track between the jumper pins needs cutting except on one device so as to retain at least one pull up. The above of course applies to the output from the device (input to the host). If this is not required then it doesn t matter about the pull ups. As the normal idle state is high (+V) the pull up system works well as only one device at a time will pull the bud sown to create a signal. This however does not apply to the inverted mode where the idle state is low. In this mode only one device can be connected to the host input. This is why this mode is not recommended. 34. Restoring Factory Defaults The configuration of an SV3 device is contained in the EEPROM. As the user has full access to this it is possible that it may render the device unreachable. If the end of line character has been accidently changed to some unknown value it would take up to 256 attempts to find out what it was. The default values for the eeprom can be reset by the following procedure. 1. Power down the device. 2. Use a shorting link (bit of wire paper clip etc.) on the appropriate pins. 3. Power up the device, this will restore the factory settings. 4. Power down the device. 5. Remove the shorting link. The shorting link position varies from device to device. See the data sheet for where it should go. ByVac Page 16 of 18
17 Figure 2 Example Shorting link ByVac Page 17 of 18
18 ByVac Page 18 of 18
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