EUROPEAN ETS TELECOMMUNICATION January 1991 STANDARD

Transcription

1 EUROPEN ETS TELECOMMUNICTION January 1991 STNDRD Source: ETSI TC-STC RES 2 Reference: DE/RES ICS: , Key words: land mobile radio, analogue speech, testing Radio Equipment and Systems Land mobile service Technical characteristics and test conditions for radio equipment with an internal or external RF connector intended primarily for analogue speech ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute ETSI Secretariat New presentation - see History box Postal address: F Sophia ntipolis CEDEX - FRNCE Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia ntipolis - Valbonne - FRNCE X.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr Tel.: Fax: Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute ll rights reserved.

2 Page 2 Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content, typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to "ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

3 Page 3 Contents Foreword... 7 Introduction Scope Definitions, abbreviations and symbols Definitions bbreviations Symbols General Presentation of equipment for testing purposes Choice of model for type approval Definitions of alignment range and switching range Definition of the categories of the alignment range (R1 and R2) Choice of frequencies Testing of single channel equipment of category R Testing of single channel equipment of category R Testing of two channel equipment of category R Testing of two channel equipment of category R Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R2 (switching range less than alignment range) Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R2 (switching range equals the alignment range) Testing of equipment without an external 50 ê RF connector Equipment with a temporary or internal permanent antenna connector Equipment with a temporary antenna connector Mechanical and electrical design General Controls Transmitter shut-off facility Marking Interpretation of the measurement results Technical characteristics Transmitter parameter limits Frequency error Carrier power (conducted) Effective radiated power Frequency deviation Maximum permissible frequency deviation Response of the transmitter to modulation frequencies above 3 khz djacent channel power Spurious emissions Intermodulation attenuation Transient frequency behaviour of the transmitter Receiver parameter limits Maximum usable sensitivity Maximum usable sensitivity (field strength)... 19

4 Page mplitude characteristic Co-channel rejection djacent channel selectivity Spurious response rejection Intermodulation response rejection Blocking or desensitisation Spurious radiations Duplex operation - receiver limits Receiver desensitisation and maximum usable sensitivity Receiver spurious response rejection Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures Normal and extreme test conditions Test Power source Normal test conditions Normal temperature and humidity Normal test power source Mains voltage Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles Other power sources Extreme test conditions Extreme temperatures Extreme test source voltages Mains voltage Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles Power sources using other types of batteries Other power sources Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures Procedure for equipment designed for continuous operation Procedure for equipment designed for intermittent operation General conditions Normal test modulation rtificial antenna Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements Transmitter automatic shut-off facility rrangement for test signals at the input of the transmitter rrangements for test signals at the input of the receiver Receiver mute or squelch facility Receiver rated audio output power Tests of equipment with a duplex filter Methods of measurement for transmitter parameters Frequency error Definition Method of measurement Carrier power (conducted) Definitions Method of measurement Effective radiated power (field strength) Definitions Method of measurement Frequency deviation Maximum permissible frequency deviation Definition Method of measurement Response of the transmitter to modulation frequencies above 3 khz1) Definition... 27

5 Page Method of measurement djacent channel power Definition Methods of measurement Spurious emissions Definition Method of measuring the power level in a specified load, subclause a Method of measuring the effective radiated power, subclause b Method of measuring the effective radiated power, subclause c Intermodulation attenuation Definition Method of measurement Transient frequency behaviour of the transmitter Definitions Method of measurement Methods of measurement for receiver parameters Maximum usable sensitivity (conducted) Definition Method of measuring the SND/ND ratio Maximum usable sensitivity (field strength) Definition Method of measurement mplitude characteristic of the receiver Definition Method of measurement Co-channel rejection Definition Method of measurement djacent channel selectivity Definition Method of measurement Spurious response rejection Definition Introduction to the method of measurement Method of search over the "limited frequency range" Method of measurement Intermodulation response rejection Definition Method of measurement Blocking or desensitisation Definition Method of measurement Spurious radiations Definition Method of measuring the power level in a specified load, subclause a Method of measuring the effective radiated power, subclause b Method of measuring the effective radiated power, subclause c Duplex operation Receiver desensitisation with simultaneous transmission and reception Definition Method of measurement when the equipment operates with a duplex filter Measuring method when the equipment operates with two antennas Receiver spurious response rejection Measurement uncertainty... 45

6 Page 6 nnex (normative) Radiated measurements Test sites and general arrangements for measurements involving the use of radiated fields Outdoor test site Test antenna Substitution antenna Optional additional indoor site Guidance on the use of radiation test sites Measuring distance Test antenna Substitution antenna rtificial antenna uxiliary cables coustic measuring arrangement Further optional alternative indoor test site using an anechoic chamber Example of the construction of a shielded anechoic chamber Influence of parasitic reflections in anechoic chambers Calibration of the shielded anechoic chamber nnex B (normative) Specifications for adjacent channel power measurement arrangements B.1 Power measuring receiver specification B.1.1 IF filter B.1.2 Variable attenuator B.1.3 Rms value indicator B.1.4 Oscillator and amplifier nnex C Graphic representation of the selection of equipment and frequencies for testing of single and multi channel equipment History... 58

7 Page 7 Foreword This European Telecommunication Standard has been prepared by the Radio Equipment and Systems (RES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). The draft has undergone the ETSI public enquiry process, and is now published. The standard which is based upon CEPT Recommendation T/R 24-01, is a general standard which may be superseded by specific standards covering specific applications. ngle modulation shall be used for radio equipment covered by this standard, but individual national administrations are free to choose the type of modulation. Channel separations, temperature range, maximum transmitter output power/effective radiated power, class of transmitter intermodulation attenuation and the inclusion of automatic transmitter shut-off facility may all be conditions attaching to the issue of a licence by the appropriate administration. dditional standards or specifications may be required for equipment such as that intended for connection to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). This standard does not cover requirements for radiated emissions below 30 MHz. It is anticipated that methods of measurements and minimum standards for such emissions will be covered by specifications supporting EMC Directive 89/336 EEC. nnex provides additional information concerning radiated measurements. nnex B contains normative specifications for adjacent channel power measurement arrangements. nnex C is a graphic representation of the normative subclause 3.1, referring to the presentation of equipment for testing purposes. Introduction This standard is intended to specify the minimum performance and the methods of measurement of radio equipment for use in the land mobile service as specified in the Scope. Clause 4 provides the corresponding limits. These limits have been chosen to ensure an acceptable grade of service and to minimise harmful interference to other equipment and services. They are based on the interpretation of the measurement results described in subclause 3.3. This standard will also be used by accredited test laboratories for the assessment of the performance of the equipment. The performance of the equipment submitted for type testing shall be representative for the performance of the corresponding production model. In order to avoid any ambiguity in that assessment, this standard contains instructions for the presentation of equipment for type testing purposes (clause 3), conditions (clause 5) and measurement methods (clauses 7 and 8). This standard was drafted on the assumption that: - the type test measurements will be performed only once, in one of the accredited test laboratories, and the measurements accepted by the various authorities in order to grant type approval, - if equipment available on the market is required to be checked it shall be tested in accordance with the methods of measurement specified in this standard. This standard covers base stations, mobile stations and two categories of handportable stations. One category is fitted with a 50 ê external antenna socket or connector. The other category has no external antenna socket, but: - either it is fitted with a permanent internal 50 ê RF connector,

8 Page 8 - or it can be fitted with a temporary internal 50 ê RF connector,so that conducted measurements can be performed. The means to access and/or implement the internal connector shall be provided by the manufacturer. Details of the means used during type testing shall be provided by the accredited test laboratory with the test report, subclause

9 Page 9 1 Scope This standard covers the minimum characteristics considered necessary in order to make the best use of the available frequencies. It does not necessarily include all the characteristics which may be required by a user, nor does it necessarily represent the optimum performance achievable. It applies to angle modulation systems for use in the land mobile service, operating on radio frequencies between 30 MHz and 1000 MHz, with channel separations of 12.5 khz, 20 khz and 25 khz, and intended primarily for analogue speech. In this standard different requirements are given for the different radio frequency bands, channel separations, environmental conditions and types of equipment, where appropriate. The types of equipment covered by this standard are as follows: - Base station: equipment fitted with an antenna socket. - Mobile station: equipment fitted with an antenna socket. - Handportable stations: or a) fitted with an antenna socket, b) without an external antenna socket (integral antenna equipment) but fitted with a permanent internal or a temporary internal 50 ê R.F. connector which allows access to the transmitter output and the receiver input. For the type of equipment defined in (b) the additional measurements which shall be made using the equipment antenna connected to the station (and not using any connector) are as follows: - Transmitter effective radiated power - Transmitter radiated spurious emissions - Receiver maximum usable sensitivity (field strength) - Receiver radiated spurious emissions Handportable equipment without an external or internal RF connector and without the possibility of having a temporary internal 50 ê RF connector is not covered by this standard. 2 Definitions, abbreviations and symbols 2.1 Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply: Base station: equipment fitted with an antenna socket, for use with an external antenna, and intended for use in a fixed location. Mobile station: mobile equipment fitted with an antenna socket, for use with an external antenna, normally used in a vehicle or as a transportable station. Handportable station: equipment either fitted with an antenna socket or an integral antenna, or both, normally used on a stand-alone basis, to be carried on a person or held in the hand.

10 Page 10 Integral antenna: an antenna designed to be connected to the equipment without the use of a 50 ê external connector and considered to be part of the equipment. n integral antenna may be fitted internally or externally to the equipment. ngle modulation: either phase modulation (G3) or frequency modulation (F3). Full tests: in all cases except where qualified as "limited", tests shall be performed according to this standard. Limited tests: the limited tests, subclause 3.1, are as follows: - receiver maximum usable sensitivity (conducted), subclause 8.1, - receiver maximum usable sensitivity (field strength), subclause 8.2, integral antenna equipment only, - receiver adjacent channel selectivity, subclause 8.5, - transmitter frequency error, subclause 7.1, - transmitter carrier power conducted, subclause 7.2, - transmitter effective radiated power, subclause 7.3, integral antenna equipment only, - transmitter adjacent channel power, subclause 7.5. Conducted measurements: measurements which are made using a direct 50 ê connection to the equipment under test. Radiated measurements: measurements which involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field. 2.2 bbreviations SND/ND dbc RF IF Tx Rx (signal + noise + distortion)/(noise + distortion), db relative to the carrier power, radio frequency, intermediate frequency, transmitter, receiver. 2.3 Symbols Eo reference field strength, annex, Ro reference distance, annex. 3 General 3.1 Presentation of equipment for testing purposes Each equipment submitted for type testing shall fulfil the requirements of this standard on all channels over which it is intended to operate. To simplify and harmonise the type testing procedures between the different test laboratories, measurements shall be performed, according to this standard, on samples of equipment defined in subclause to These clauses are intended to give confidence that the requirements set out in this standard have been met without the necessity of performing measurements on all channels.

11 Page Choice of model for type approval The manufacturer shall provide one or more production model(s) of the equipment, as appropriate, for type approval testing. If type approval is given on the basis of tests on a preliminary model, then the corresponding production models must be identical in all respects with the preliminary model tested. In the case of handportable equipment without a 50 ê external antenna connector, see subclause Definitions of alignment range and switching range The manufacturer shall, when submitting equipment for test, state the alignment ranges for the receiver and the transmitter. The alignment range is defined as the frequency range over which the receiver and the transmitter can be programmed and/or realigned to operate, without any physical change of components other than programmable read only memories or crystals (for the receiver and the transmitter). The manufacturer shall also state the switching range of the receiver and the transmitter (which may differ). The switching range is the maximum frequency range over which the receiver or the transmitter can be operated without reprogramming or realignment. For the purpose of all measurements, the receiver and transmitter shall be considered separately Definition of the categories of the alignment range (R1 and R2) The alignment range falls into one of two categories. The first category corresponds to a limit of the alignment range, of the receiver and the transmitter, which is less than 10 % of the highest frequency of the alignment range for equipment operating on frequencies up to 500 MHz, or less than 5 % for equipment operating above 500 MHz. This category is defined as R1. The second category corresponds to an alignment range of the receiver and transmitter which is greater than 10 % of the highest frequency of the alignment range for equipment on frequencies up to 500 MHz, or greater than 5 % for equipment operating above 500 MHz. This category is defined as R Choice of frequencies The frequencies for testing shall be chosen by the manufacturer in consultation with the appropriate authority, in accordance with subclauses to and annex C. The manufacturer selects the frequencies for testing and will ensure that the chosen frequencies are within one or more of the national bands for which type approval is required Testing of single channel equipment of category R1. In the case of equipment of the category R1, one sample of the equipment shall be tested. Full tests shall be carried out on a channel within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the alignment range Testing of single channel equipment of category R2 In the case of equipment of the category R2, three samples of the equipment shall be tested. Tests shall be carried out on a total of three channels. The frequency of the channel of the first sample shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the alignment range.

12 Page 12 The frequency of the channel of the second sample shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the alignment range. The frequency of the channel of the third sample shall be within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on all three channels Testing of two channel equipment of category R1 In the case of equipment of category R1, one sample of the equipment shall be tested. Tests shall be carried out on the two channels. The frequency of the upper channel shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the switching range. The frequency of the lower channel shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the switching range. In addition the average of the frequencies of the two channels shall be within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on the upper channel and limited tests on the lower channel Testing of two channel equipment of category R2 In the case of equipment of the category R2, three samples of the equipment shall be tested. Tests shall be carried out on a total of four channels. The highest frequency of the switching range of one sample shall be within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the alignment range. The frequency of the upper channel shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the switching range and the frequency of the lower channel shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the switching range. Full tests shall be carried out on the upper channel and limited tests on the lower channel. The frequency of one of the channels of the second sample shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on this channel. The frequency of one of the channels of the third sample shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on this channel Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R1. In the case of equipment of the category R1, one sample of the equipment shall be tested. The centre frequency of the switching range of the sample shall correspond to the centre frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on a frequency within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the switching range. Limited tests shall be carried out within 100 khz of the lowest and also within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the switching range Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R2 (switching range less than alignment range). In the case of equipment of the category R2, three samples of the equipment shall be tested. Tests shall be carried out on a total of five channels.

13 Page 13 The centre frequency of the switching range of one sample shall be within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the alignment range. The frequency of the upper channel shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the switching range and the frequency of the lower channel shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the switching range. Full tests shall be carried out on the centre channel and limited tests on the upper and lower channel. The frequency of one of the channels of the second sample shall be within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on this channel. The frequency of one of the channels of the third sample shall be within 100 khz of the lowest frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on this channel Testing of multi channel equipment (more than two channels) of category R2 (switching range equals the alignment range). In the case of equipment of the category R2, one sample of the equipment shall be tested. The centre frequency of the switching range of the sample shall correspond to the centre frequency of the alignment range. Full tests shall be carried out on a frequency within 100 khz of the centre frequency of the switching range and within 100 khz of the lowest and also within 100 khz of the highest frequency of the switching range Testing of equipment without an external 50 ê RF connector Equipment with a temporary or internal permanent antenna connector The means to access and/or implement the internal permanent or temporary antenna connector shall be stated by the manufacturer with the aid of a diagram. The fact that use has been made of the internal antenna connection to facilitate measurements shall be recorded in the test report Equipment with a temporary antenna connector The manufacturer, or an authorised representative, may submit one set of equipment with the normal antenna connected, to enable the radiated measurements to be made. The manufacturer, or an authorised representative, shall attend the test laboratory at conclusion of the radiated measurements, to disconnect the antenna and fit the temporary connector. The test laboratory staff shall not connect or disconnect any temporary antenna connector. lternatively the manufacturer, or an authorised representative, may submit two sets of equipment to the test laboratory, one fitted with a temporary antenna connector with the antenna disconnected and the other with the antenna connected. Each equipment shall be used for the appropriate tests.

14 Page Mechanical and electrical design General The equipment submitted by the manufacturer, or his representative, shall be designed, constructed and manufactured in accordance with sound engineering practice, and with the aim of minimising harmful interference to other equipment and services Controls Those controls which if maladjusted might increase the interfering potentialities of the equipment shall not be accessible to the user Transmitter shut-off facility When a timer for an automatic shut-off facility is operative, at the moment of the time-out the transmitter shall automatically be switched off. The activation of the transmitter key shall reset the timer Marking The equipment shall be marked in a visible place. This marking shall be legible, tamperproof and durable. The marking shall include: - the name of the manufacturer or his trade mark - the type number of designation and serial number - the type approval number (when allocated by appropriate authorities). 3.3 Interpretation of the measurement results The interpretation of the results recorded in a test report for the measurements described in this standard shall be as follows. The measured value related to the corresponding limit will be used to decide whether an equipment meets the requirements of the standard. The measurement uncertainty value for the measurement of each parameter shall be included in the test report. The recorded value of the measurement uncertainty shall be, for each measurement, equal to or lower than the figures in subclause 10 (table of measurement uncertainty). NOTE: This procedure for using Maximum cceptable Uncertainty values is valid until superseded by other appropriate publications of ETSI covering this subject. The use of the measured value has been chosen because there is no other ETSI standard covering the subject at the time of publication of this standard. Therefore the measurement uncertainty shall be used as a quality of the actual measurement. The Measurement Uncertainty values can also be used by ccreditation uthorities during their accreditation procedures to ensure compliance/conformity with the requirements of type testing to ETSI Standards.

15 Page 15 4 Technical characteristics This clause contains the limit values of the parameters defined in clauses 7 to Transmitter parameter limits Frequency error For the definition and the measuring method see subclause 7.1. The frequency error shall not exceed the values given in table 1 under normal, extreme or any intermediate set of conditions. For practical reasons the measurements will be performed only under normal and extreme test conditions as stated in subclause 7.1. Table 1: ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³Channel ³ Frequency error limit (khz) ³ ³separationÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄ ³(kHz) ³below ³ 47 ³ above ³ above ³ above ³ ³ ³47MHz ³ to ³ 137 to ³ 300 to ³ 500 to ³ ³ ³ ³ 137MHz ³ 300MHz ³ 500MHz ³ 1000MHz ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ 20 & 25 ³ñ 0.60 ³ ñ 1.35 ³ ñ 2.00 ³ ñ 2.00 ³ ñ 2.50(a)³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ³ ³ ³ñ 1.00(B)³ ñ 1.00 (B)³ No ³ ³ 12.5 ³ñ 0.60 ³ ñ 1.00 ³ ³ ³ value ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ñ 1.50(M)³ ñ 1.50 (a)³ specified³ ³ ³ ³ ³ ³ (M)³ ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ B = base station ³ ³ M = mobile or handportable station ³ ³ (a) For handportable stations having integral power ³ ³ supplies, the frequency error shall not be exceeded ³ ³ over a temperature range of 0 to +30øC. ³ ³ Under extreme temperature conditions (subclause 5.4.1),³ ³ the frequency error shall not exceed ñ 2.50 khz for a ³ ³ channel separation of 12.5kHz between 300 and 500MHz, ³ ³ and ñ 3.00kHz for channel separations of 20 and 25kHz ³ ³ between 500 and 1000MHz. ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Carrier power (conducted) For the definition and the measuring method see subclause 7.2. The carrier output power (conducted) under normal test conditions shall be within ± 1.50 db of the rated output power. Furthermore, the carrier output power (conducted) shall not exceed the maximum value allowed by the dministrations. The carrier output power (conducted) under extreme test conditions shall be within db and db of the rated output power Effective radiated power This measurement applies only to equipment without an external 50 ê antenna connection.

16 Page 16 For the definition and the measuring method see subclause 7.3. The effective radiated power under normal test conditions shall be within ± 7.5 db of the rated effective radiated power. Furthermore, the effective radiated power shall not exceed the maximum value allowed by the dministrations. The measurement shall be carried out under normal conditions only Frequency deviation For the definition and the measuring method see subclause Maximum permissible frequency deviation The maximum permissible frequency deviation for modulation frequencies from the lowest frequency transmitted (f1) by the equipment (as declared by the manufacturer) up to (f2) shall be as given in table 2. Table 2 ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Channel separation ³ Maximum permissible ³ ³ ³ frequency deviation ³ ³ (KHz) ³ (khz) ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ 12.5 ³ ñ 2.5 ³ ³ 20 ³ ñ 4.0 ³ ³ 25 ³ ñ 5.0 ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Response of the transmitter to modulation frequencies above 3 khz The frequency deviation at modulation frequencies between 3.0 khz (for equipment operating with 20 khz or 25 khz channel separations) and 2.55 khz (for equipment operating with 12.5 khz channel separation) and 6.0 khz shall not exceed the frequency deviation at a modulation frequency of 3.0 khz/2.55 khz. t 6.0 khz the deviation shall be not more than 30.0 % of the maximum permissible frequency deviation.

17 Page 17 The frequency deviation at modulation frequencies between 6.0 khz and a frequency equal to the channel separation for which the equipment is intended shall not exceed that given by a linear representation of the frequency deviation (db) relative to the modulation frequency, starting at the 6.0 khz limit and having a slope of db per octave. These limits are illustrated in figure 1. MPFD 30% MPFD f f 6 khz f 1 2 cs Frequency deviation udio frequency Figure 1 bbreviations: f1 lowest appropriate frequency f2 3.0 khz (for 20 khz or 25 khz channel separation), or 2.55 khz (for 12.5 khz channel separation) MPFD maximum permissible frequency deviation, subclause , measured frequency deviation at f2, fcs frequency equal to channel separation djacent channel power For the definition and the measuring method see subclause 7.5. For channel separations of 20 khz and 25 khz, the adjacent channel power shall not exceed a value of 70.0 db below the carrier power of the transmitter without the need to be below 0.20 æw. For channel separations of 12.5 khz, the adjacent channel power shall not exceed a value of 60.0 db below the transmitter carrier power without the need to be below 0.20 æw Spurious emissions For the definition and the measuring method see subclause 7.6. The power of any spurious emission shall not exceed the values given in tables 3 and 4.

18 Page 18 Table 3: Conducted emissions ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ³ ³ above 1 to 4 GHz, or ³ ³Frequency range ³ 9 khz to 1 GHz ³ above 1 to GHz,³ ³ ³ ³ see subclause ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Tx operating ³0.25 æw (-36.0 dbm)³ 1.00 æw (-30.0 dbm) ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Tx standby ³2.0 nw (-57.0 dbm)³ 20.0 nw (-47.0 dbm) ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Table 4: Radiated emissions ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³Frequency range ³ 30 MHz to 1 GHz ³ above 1 to 4 GHz ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³Tx operating ³ 0.25 æw (-36.0 dbm) ³ 1.00 æw (-30.0 dbm) ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³Tx standby ³ 2.0 nw (-57.0 dbm) ³ 20.0 nw (-47.0 dbm) ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ In the case of radiated measurements for handportable stations the following conditions apply: - internal integral antenna: the normal antenna shall be connected, - external antenna socket: an artificial load shall be connected to the socket for the test Intermodulation attenuation This requirement applies only to transmitters to be used in base stations (fixed). For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 7.7. Two classes of transmitter intermodulation attenuation are defined, the equipment shall fulfil one of the requirements as follows: - the intermodulation attenuation ratio shall be at least 40.0 db for any intermodulation component. - for base stations to be used in special service conditions (e.g. at sites where more than one transmitter will be in service) or when the regulatory authority makes it a condition of the licence, the intermodulation attenuation ratio shall be at least 70.0 db for any intermodulation component. In the case where the performance is achieved by additional internal or external isolating devices (such as circulators) these shall be supplied at the time of type testing and shall be used for the measurements.

19 Page Transient frequency behaviour of the transmitter For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 7.8. The transient periods are given in table 5 and shown in figure 4, subclause 7.8. Table 5 ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ³ ³ above ³ above ³ ³ ³ 30 to 300 MHz ³ 300 to 500 MHz ³ 500 to 1000 MHz ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ t1 (ms)³ 5.0 ³ 10.0 ³ 20.0 ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ t2 (ms)³ 20.0 ³ 25.0 ³ 50.0 ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ t3 (ms)³ 5.0 ³ 10.0 ³ 10.0 ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ During the periods t1 and t3 the frequency difference shall not exceed the value of 1 channel separation. During the period t2 the frequency difference shall not exceed the value of half a channel separation. In the case of handportable stations with a transmitter output power of less than 5 W, the frequency deviation during t1 and t3 may be greater than one channel. The corresponding plot of frequency versus time during t1 and t3 shall be recorded in the test report. 4.2 Receiver parameter limits Maximum usable sensitivity For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.1. The maximum usable sensitivity shall not exceed an e.m.f. of 6.0 dbµv under normal test conditions, and an e.m.f. of 12.0 dbæv under extreme test conditions Maximum usable sensitivity (field strength) This measurement applies only to equipment without a 50 ê external antenna connector. For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.2. The maximum usable sensitivity shall not exceed the field strength value shown in table 6. Table 6 ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ³ Field strength in db relative to 1 æv/m ³ ³ Frequency band ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ MHz ³ Normal test ³ ³ ³ conditions ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ 30 to 100 ³ 14.0 ³ ³ 100 to 230 ³ 20.0 ³ ³ 230 to 470 ³ 26.0 ³ ³ 470 to 1000 ³ 32.0 ³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ

20 Page mplitude characteristic For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.3. Within the specified change in radio frequency input signal level, the change of audio output level shall not exceed 3.0 db Co-channel rejection For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.4. The value of the co-channel rejection ratio, expressed in db, at any frequency of the unwanted signal within the specified range, shall be between: db and 0 db for channel separations of 20 khz and 25 khz, db and 0 db for channel separation of 12.5 khz djacent channel selectivity For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.5. For channel separations of 20 khz and 25 khz, the adjacent channel selectivity shall not be less than 70.0 db under normal test conditions and not less than 60.0 db under extreme test conditions. For channel separations of 12.5 khz, the adjacent channel selectivity shall not be less than 60.0 db under normal test conditions and not less than 50.0 db under extreme test conditions Spurious response rejection For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.6. t any frequency separated from the nominal frequency of the receiver by more than one channel, the spurious response rejection ratio shall not be less than 70.0 db Intermodulation response rejection For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.7. The intermodulation response rejection ratio shall not be less than 70.0 db for base stations and 65.0 db for mobile and handportable stations Blocking or desensitisation For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.8. The blocking ratio, for any frequency within the specified ranges, shall not be less than 84.0 db, except at frequencies on which spurious responses are found, subclause 8.6.

21 Page Spurious radiations For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 8.9. The power of any spurious radiation shall not exceed the values given in tables 7 and 8. Table 7: Conducted components ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ ³ ³above 1 to 4 GHz, or³ ³ Frequency range ³ 9 khz to 1 GHz ³above 1 to GHz,³ ³ ³ ³see subclause ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Limit ³2.0 nw (-57.0 dbm) ³ 20.0 nw (-47.0 dbm)³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ Table 8: Radiated components ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Frequency range ³ 30 MHz to 1 GHz ³ above 1 to 4 GHz ³ ÃÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÅÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ³ Limit ³ 2.0 nw (-57.0 dbm)³ 20.0 nw (-47.0 dbm)³ ÀÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÙ In the case of radiated measurements for handportable stations the following conditions apply: - internal integral antenna: the normal antenna shall be connected, - external antenna socket: an artificial load shall be connected to the socket for the test. 4.3 Duplex operation - receiver limits With simultaneous transmission and reception Receiver desensitisation and maximum usable sensitivity. For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 9.1. The desensitisation shall not exceed 3.0 db, and the limit of maximum usable sensitivity under normal test conditions, subclause 4.2.1, shall be met Receiver spurious response rejection For the definition and the measurement method see subclause 9.2. t any frequency separated from the nominal frequency of the receiver by more than two channels, the spurious response rejection ratio shall not be less than 67.0 db. 5 Test conditions, power sources and ambient temperatures 5.1 Normal and extreme test conditions Type approval tests shall be made under normal test conditions, and also, where stated, under extreme test conditions. 5.2 Test Power source During type approval tests the power source of the equipment shall be replaced by a test power source capable of producing normal and extreme test voltages as specified in subclauses and The internal impedance of the test power source shall be low enough for its effect on the test results to be

22 Page 22 negligible. For the purpose of tests, the voltage of the power source shall be measured at the input terminals of the equipment. If the equipment is provided with a permanently connected power cable, the test voltage shall be that measured at the point of connection of the power cable to the equipment. In equipment with incorporated batteries the test power source shall be applied as close to the battery terminals as practicable. During tests the power source voltages shall be maintained within a tolerance of < ± 3 % relative to the voltage at the beginning of each test. The value of this tolerance is critical to power measurements, using a smaller tolerance will provide better measurement uncertainty values. 5.3 Normal test conditions Normal temperature and humidity The normal temperature and humidity conditions for tests shall be any convenient combination of temperature and humidity within the following ranges: - temperature: + 15 C to + 35 C, - relative humidity: 20 % to 75 %. When it is impracticable to carry out the tests under these conditions, a note to this effect, stating the ambient temperature and relative humidity during the tests, shall be added to the test report Normal test power source Mains voltage The normal test voltage for equipment to be connected to the mains shall be the nominal mains voltage. For the purpose of this standard, the nominal voltage shall be the declared voltage or any of the declared voltages for which the equipment was designed. The frequency of the test power source corresponding to the C mains shall be between 49 and 51 Hz Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles When the radio equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power source used on vehicles, the normal test voltage shall be 1.1 times the nominal voltage of the battery (6 V, 12 V etc) Other power sources For operation from other power sources or types of battery (primary or secondary), the normal test voltage shall be that declared by the equipment manufacturer. 5.4 Extreme test conditions Extreme temperatures For tests at extreme temperatures, measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedures specified in subclause 5.5, at the upper and lower temperatures of one of the following ranges: C to + 55 C C to + 55 C C to + 55 C

23 Page 23 For the purpose of subclause (a) an additional extreme temperature range of 0 C to + 30 C shall be used. Type approval test reports shall state which range is used Extreme test source voltages Mains voltage The extreme test voltage for equipment to be connected to an C mains source shall be the nominal mains voltage ± 10 % Regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles When the equipment is intended for operation from the usual types of regulated lead-acid battery power sources used on vehicles the extreme test voltages shall be 1.3 and 0.9 times the nominal voltage of the battery (6 V, 12 V, etc) Power sources using other types of batteries The lower extreme test voltages for equipment with power sources using the following batteries shall be: - for the Leclanché or the lithium type of battery: 0.85 times the nominal voltage of the battery, - for the mercury or nickel-cadmium type of battery: 0.9 times the nominal voltage of the battery. No upper extreme test voltages apply Other power sources For equipment using other power sources, or capable of being operated from a variety of power sources, the extreme test voltages shall be those agreed between the equipment manufacturer and the testing authority and shall be recorded in the test report. 5.5 Procedure for tests at extreme temperatures Before measurements are made the equipment shall have reached thermal balance in the test chamber. The equipment shall be switched off during the temperature stabilising period In the case of equipment containing temperature stabilisation circuits designed to operate continuously, the temperature stabilisation circuits may be switched on for 15 minutes after thermal balance has been obtained, and the equipment shall then meet the specified requirements. For such equipment the manufacturer shall provide for the power source circuit feeding the crystal oven to be independent of the power source to the rest of the equipment. If the thermal balance is not checked by measurements, a temperature stabilising period of at least one hour, or such period as may be decided by the testing authority, shall be allowed. The sequence of measurements shall be chosen, and the humidity content in the test chamber shall be controlled so that excessive condensation does not occur Procedure for equipment designed for continuous operation If the manufacturer states that the equipment is designed for continuous operation, the test procedure shall be as follows. Before tests at the upper extreme temperature the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber and left until thermal balance is attained. The equipment shall then be switched on in the transmit conditions for a period of half an hour after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements.

24 Page 24 For tests at the lower extreme temperature the equipment shall be left in the test chamber until thermal balance is attained, then switched to the standby or receive condition for a period of one minute after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements Procedure for equipment designed for intermittent operation If the manufacturer states that the equipment is designed for intermittent operation, the test procedure shall be as follows. Before tests at the upper extreme temperature the equipment shall be placed in the test chamber and left until thermal balance is attained. The equipment shall then be switched on for one minute in the transmit condition, followed by four minutes in the receive condition, after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements. For tests at the lower extreme temperature the equipment shall be left in the test chamber until thermal balance is attained, then switched to the standby or receive condition for one minute after which the equipment shall meet the specified requirements. 6 General conditions 6.1 Normal test modulation For normal test modulation, the modulation frequency shall be 1 khz and the resulting frequency deviation shall be 60 % of the maximum permissible frequency deviation, subclause The test signal shall be substantially free from amplitude modulation. 6.2 rtificial antenna Tests shall be carried out using an artificial antenna which shall be a substantially non-reactive nonradiating load of 50 ê connected to the antenna connector. 6.3 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements For guidance on radiation test sites see nnex. Detailed descriptions of the radiated measurement arrangements are included in this annex. 6.4 Transmitter automatic shut-off facility If the equipment is fitted with an automatic transmitter shut-off facility it shall be made inoperative for the duration of the type test. 6.5 rrangement for test signals at the input of the transmitter For the purpose of this standard, the transmitter audio frequency modulation signal shall be applied the microphone input terminals with the internal microphone disconnected, unless otherwise stated. 6.6 rrangements for test signals at the input of the receiver Test signal sources which are applied to the receiver shall present an impedence of 50ê to the receiver input. This requirement shall be met irrespective whether one or more signals using a combining network are applied to the receiver simultaneously. The levels of the test signals shall be expressed in terms of the e.m.f. at the receiver input connector. The effects of any intermodulation products and noise produced in the test signal sources shall be negligible.

25 Page Receiver mute or squelch facility If the receiver is equipped with a mute or squelch circuit, this shall be made inoperative for the duration of the type approval tests. 6.8 Receiver rated audio output power The rated audio output power shall be the maximum power, declared by the manufacturer, for which all the requirements of this standard are met. With normal test modulation, subclause 6.1, the audio output power shall be measured in a resistive load simulating the load with which the receiver normally operates. The value of this load shall be declared by the manufacturer. 6.9 Tests of equipment with a duplex filter If the equipment is provided with a built-in duplex filter or a separate associated filter, the requirements of this standard shall be met when the measurements are carried out using the antenna connector of this filter. 7 Methods of measurement for transmitter parameters 7.1 Frequency error Definition The frequency error of the transmitter is the difference between the measured carrier frequency in the absence of modulation and the nominal frequency of the transmitter Method of measurement The carrier frequency shall be measured in the absence of modulation with the transmitter connected to a 50 ê power attenuator. The measurement shall be made under normal test conditions, subclause 5.3, and repeated under extreme test conditions, subclauses and applied simultaneously. 7.2 Carrier power (conducted) It is assumed that dministrations will state the maximum transmitter output power/effective radiated power; this could be a condition for issuing the licence. If the equipment is designed to operate with different carrier powers, the rated power for each level or range of levels shall be declared by the manufacturer. The power adjustment control shall not be accessible to the user. The requirements of this standard shall be met for all power levels at which the transmitter is intended to operate. For practical reasons measurements shall be performed only at the lowest and the highest power level at which the transmitter is intended to operate Definitions The transmitter carrier power (conducted) is the mean power delivered to the artificial antenna during a radio frequency cycle, in the absence of modulation. The rated output power is the carrier power (conducted) of the equipment declared by the manufacturer Method of measurement The transmitter shall be connected to a 50 ê power attenuator, and the power delivered to this artificial antenna shall be measured.