2016 2Q Wireless Communication Engineering. #10 Spread Spectrum & Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

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1 16 Q Wireless Communiction Engineering #1 Spred Spectrum & Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA Kei Skguchi skguchi@mobile.ee. July 9, 16

2 Course Schedule ( Dte ext Contents #7 July Error correction coding #8 July 15 Adptive modultion coding #9 July 4.3 Inter symbol interference nd dptive equlizer #1 July 3.6, 4.5 Spred spectrum nd code division multiple ccess (CDMA #11 July Orthogonl frequency division multiple ccess (OFDM #1 July 9 Arry signl processing nd MIMO sptil multiplexing #13 Aug 5 ll Finl exmintion July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering

3 From Previous Lecture n Multi-pth chnnel with dely spred x( k = i= hi s( k i + n( k n Liner equlizer(zf, MMSE i i= * ~ H 1 = e * y ( k = w x( k i 1 ZF: MMSE: w R h w = x n Mximum likelihood sequence estimtion (MLSE n Frequency domin equlizer(fde h s(k z s( k 1 1 ~ y = F WFx [ ~ ~ ~ W dig1 h 1 h! 1 h ] 1 h 1 = 1 N 1 z 1 h min x( k h ~ ( ~ (, ~ ( 1, ~ is k i s k s k s ( k i ˆ(, ˆ( 1, ˆ( rg s k s k s k = = s( k x(k July, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 3

4 Contents Spred Spectrum (SS system Direct Sequence Spred Spectrum (DSSS nd de-spreding Feture of spreding code Appliction of DSSS Rke receiver Mcro diversity Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA Frequency Hopping SS (FHSS Demonstrtion July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 4

5 IEEE8.11 WLAN WLAN stndrdized by IEEE 8 committee working group (WG 11 Yer of pprovl 8.11b g 8.11n 8.11c RF bnd.4ghz 5GHz.4GHz.4 & 5GHz 5GHz Chnnel bndwidth Modultion Mx dt rte MHz MHz MHz /4MHz /4/8/ 16MHz DSSS, CCK OFDM, AMC OFDM, AMC, CCK MIMO-OFDM, AMC, CCK MIMO-OFDM, AMC56Q, MU-MIMO 11Mbps 54Mbps 54Mbps 6Mbps 6.93Gbps MAC CSMA/CA CSMA/CA CSMA/CA CSMA/CA CSMA/CA +MU-MIMO July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 5

6 Spred Spectrum System m( Digitl mod. s( h(τ dt Digitl demod. y( Spreding Spreding code Spreding code De-spreding Using common spreding code between x & Rx Multi-plth combining using uto-correltion property in spreding code (Rke receiver Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA using cross-correltion property between different spreding codes July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 6

7 Direct Sequence Spred Spectrum (DSSS lock Mth ime Spreding (trnsmitter c( c( De-spreding (receiver s ( s ( y ( ~ y ( t ss t ss t s ss( = c( s( y( k = c( y ss dt s ( s ( y ( ~ y ( t ss t ss t y( C C C 拡散利得 Freq C C July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 7

8 Spreding Code (M Sequence N tp feedbck shift register Z 1 Mximum code length M = N 1 lnce # of 1 = # of + 1 # of successive sequence, 1 1/ 1/ /4 Z 1 Z 1 Register 1 Register Register 3 #1 1 # 1 1 # #4 1 1 #5 1 1 #6 1 #7 1 #8 1 July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 8

9 Feture of Spreding Sequence Spreding sequence with shrp pek in uto-correltion nd smll pek in cross-correltion Auto-correltion Cross-correltion Auto correltion R ( τ = c( c( t + τ dt R = M ( M =17 gold code Cross correltion R τ = c1 c ( t + τ dt c( M =17 gold code ime lg [smples] ime lg [smples] July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 9

10 Dely Spred & De-spreding Receive signl c( y = h( τ c( t τdt + n( ss -pth model h(τ y = h( c( + h( Δτ c( t Δτ + n( ss De-spreding y( Δτ = y ss c( t Δτ dt = h R ( Δτ + h( Δτ R ( n~ ( + Mh( Δτ Auto-correltion y ( t ss c( c( t Δτ c( t Δτ c( t 3Δτ h( h( Δτ h( Δτ h( 3Δτ Multi-pth seprtion by de-spreding July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 1

11 RAKE Receiver Seprtion of multi-pth signls by using uto-correltion property of spreding sequence Diversity combining of multi-pth signls fter de-spreding c( h(τ y ( t ss c( * h ( c( t Δτ h * ( Δτ Diversity combining July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 11

12 SNR Performnce of SS Systems Spreding De-spreding Density: 1 Signl power P P s = ss c( s( 1 C P P C Spreding gin M = C 1 1 C y( k P = Signl power c( y ss dt M P Noise power Noise power N N C SNR before spreding γ = P N Sme SNR N N M C C SNR fter de-spreding July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 1 γ = M P C MN = P N

13 Performnce of Rke Receiver Auto-correltion R -pth model y = h( c( s + h( Δτ c( t Δτ s + n( ss ( τ = c( c( t + τ dt R ( = M y ( t ss c( c( t Δτ * h ( * h ( Δτ SINR of ech Rke brnch γ ( = PR PR ( h( ( Δτ h( Δτ + R ( σ γ ( Δτ = PR PR ( Δτ h( ( h( Δτ + R ( σ SINR fter Rke combining ( ( PM h( + h( Δτ P h( + h( Δτ γ = γ ( + γ ( Δτ σ σ = N M = C C Diversity combining July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 13 = N

14 Mcro Diversity Seprte interference signl by de-spreding t coverge edge rnsmit sme signl from different Ss (mcro diversity Improve SNR t coverge edge by Rke combining h 1 ( τ h ( τ S #1 S # c( h ( h ( τ 1 τ Rke receiver Controller c( July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 14

15 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA Multiple ccess with users using different spreding codes S seprtes users using corresponding spreding codes Improve SIR by fctor of spreding gin User #1 User # c 1 f S c 1 User #1 f c c User # f July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 15

16 Performnce of CDMA User #1 c 1 User # c Receive signl with users y = h c s + h c s + n( ss( Cross-correltion R SINR τ = c1 c ( t + τ dt c( γ = P P c 1 R h R ( h + R 1 ( σ h 1 h f c 1 c SNR [d] July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 16 S it error rte Inter system (user interference ζ = P User #1 User # f ER performnce Rch P1 R f ( h 1 ζ = ζ =.1 ζ =.5

17 Complementry Code Keying (CCK Select spreding sequence bsed on messge m Achieve higher dt rte without expnding bndwidth m 1 Digitl mod. c 1 mx Digitl demod. mˆ1 mˆ m c ( c 1 t c index CCK mod. July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 17

18 Frequency Hopping Spred Spectrum (FHSS Spred spectrum by using hopping crrier frequency in time Inter system interference is reduced due to de-spreding using the sme hopping crrier frequency in receiver t t t f f f m( Digitl mod. Digitl demod. mˆ Hopping sequence Hopping sequence July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 18

19 Summry n Spred spectrum m( Mod. s( h(τ dt Demod. y( Spreding Spreding code Spreding code De-spreding n RAKE receiver γ = γ 1 + γ n Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA γ = P R h P R c ( h + Diversity R γ i = PR 1 ( σ PR ( Δτ h ( h j i Inter system (user interference c July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 19 i + R ( σ y ( t ss c( c( t Δτ c 1 * h ( * h ( Δτ

20 Demo (DSSS efore spreding After spreding efore After July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering

21 Demo (FHSS Spectrum Spectorogrm July 9, 16 Wireless Communiction Engineering 1

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