Event Detection From RF Sensing Space Symposium 2018 Technical Track. 16 April 2018

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1 Event Detection From RF Sensing Space Symposium 2018 Technical Track 16 April 2018

2 RF Sensing Background In 2010 Kratos RT Logic created a commercial network of SATCOM RF EMI Monitoring and Geolocation Services Over the last 8 years we ve realized that RF is useful for more than just SATCOM monitoring RF sensing provides a rich source of data that can be correlated with space and world events 2

3 All satellites transmit RF signals; communications, mission payloads, or telemetry state of health Observing these signals from the ground provides insight into satellite health, position, interference, and RF patterns of life Ground systems must be within the beam footprints; SATCOM beams have unique shapes; TT&C signals are often omni-directional Specialized equipment digitizes the RF signals and transfers the data to processing systems 1 U 1 U 1 U Center Frequency Bandwidth Utilized EIRP C/No, C/N RF Measurement & local processing equipment SSA Site #1, S-Band Antenna Colorado Springs SSA Site #2, S-Band Antenna Cyprus SSA Site #3, S-Band Antenna Philippines RF Sensing Measurements VPN VPN VPN Data Collection Services Network Data Aggregation Modulation Waveform Symbol/Data Rate Es/No, Eb/No Bit Error Rate Data Collection and Processing Kratos RT Logic VPC Processed & Digitized RF Data Storage of raw and processed data products Exposed Web Based Displays, RESTful interface Web Service NoSQL Database Event collection to user access < 2 minutes Processed & Digitized RF Data What is RF Sensing? Project VPC I&W Tool Web Service NoSQL Database Archive for POL I&W RF observations include a variety of measurements collected continuously and archived over long durations Big Data techniques processes terra bytes of measurements into meaningful & actionable information User Satellite events, position, trends, are refined from the RF data and provided to users 3

4 SATCOM EMI is a common RF event; most events are unintentional; some are nefarious EMI includes jamming and piracy In one EMI example; our systems detected stepped CW signals programmed to maximize interference this was intentional EMI Geo-location of the source attributed the culprit to a North Korean jamming site Another type of EMI event is the piracy of SATCOM bandwidth EMI Jamming and Geo-Location Events In this case, our systems noticed the interference in between authorized carriers. Upon investigation it was determined to be a DVBS signal The broadcast was routed to a receiver where a propaganda broadcast video was observed We ve seen SATCOM EMI correlated with: Pirated Sporting Events Missile Testing Arab Spring Uprising Syrian Civil War 4

5 Kinesis Bridge RF Sensing supports Space Situational Awareness SSA and safety of flight is a global concern RF sensing systems have multiple uses Collection of Satellite transmissions can help fill gaps in traditional optical and radar coverage T4 Based Collector/ Packager & Hardware Abstraction Layer Vibranium Platform SSA Data Processing Containers Product Framework/RabittMQ Amazon GovCloud Extension to Space Situational Awareness RF Sensing provides: Ranging and Ephemeris generation - active and passive Maneuvering satellite indication events Satellite anomaly events Plat. Ctrl SSA Data Processing Containers Operational Gateways 5

6 Satellite Health and Anomaly Detection Events RF observations can be the first sign of a failing satellite 17 June 2017 an abrupt loss of signal from AMC-9 occurred Event correlated with satellite breakup observed by Kratos RTL identifies LOS at 7:06 Kratos RTL was monitoring AMC-9 at the time of sudden loss of all carriers 6

7 Frequency Burst Detection Channel Identification Spectrum Classification Signal Classification Time Raw (blind) data identification Spectral patterns exist in UAV with waterfall collections recurring modem problem; moves within transponder Classification of accesses provides insight into how spectrum is consumed Time Categorize data In this view, an access attributed to a UAS with a faulty modem is visible in the waterfalls Spectral classification provides insight into RF events Correlate/Analyze data Visualize / Inform 7

8 In conclusion, RF Sensing provides insight into: Electromagnetic Interference sources Satellite Health and Space Situational Awareness Spectrum usage Questions? Matt Prechtel Spectral Data Products Business Area Director 8

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