1.2 Approach to DWDM Confronted by the need for more capacity, carriers have three possible solutions: 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1000

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "1.2 Approach to DWDM Confronted by the need for more capacity, carriers have three possible solutions: 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1000"

Transcription

1 Volume 4, Issue 6, June 2014 ISSN: X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: Next Gen. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Shaikh Bilal Anees Sameer Khan Shah Akhtar Ali Electronics&Telecom Dept AIKTC Electronics&Telecom Dept AIKTC Electronics&Telecom Dept AIKTC Mumbai University, India Mumbai University, India Mumbai University, India ABSTRACT: One of the major issues in the networking industry today is tremendous demand for more and more bandwidth. Before the introduction of optical networks, the reduced availability of fibers became a big problem for the network providers. However, with the development of optical networks and the use of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technology, a new and probably, a very crucial milestone is being reached in network evolution. The existing SONET/SDH network architecture is best suited for voice traffic rather than today s high-speed data traffic. To upgrade the system to handle this kind of traffic is very expensive and hence the need for the development of an intelligent all-optical network. Such a network will bring intelligence and scalability to the optical domain by combining the intelligence and functional capability of SONET/SDH, the tremendous bandwidth of DWDM and innovative networking software to spawn a variety of optical transport, switching and management related products. The objective of this paper is to summarize the basic optical-networking approaches, briefly report on the WDM deployment strategies, and outline the current research and development trends on WDM optical networks. And to show how the speed of up to 1Tb/s can be achieved. Keywords: DWDM -Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing, IP-Internet Protocol, ITU International Telecommunications Union, SONET -Synchronous Optical Network, ATM -Asynchronous Transfer Mode. I. INTRODUCTION Over the last decade, fiber optic cables have been installed by carriers as the backbone of their interoffice networks, becoming the mainstay of the telecommunications infrastructure. Using time division multiplexing (TDM) technology, carriers now routinely transmit information at 2.4 Gb/s on a single fiber, with some deploying equipment that quadruples that rate to 10 Gb/s.[1] The revolution in high bandwidth applications and the explosive growth of the Internet, however, have created capacity demands that exceed traditional TDM limits. As a result, the once seemingly inexhaustible bandwidth promised by the deployment of optical fiber in the 1980s is being exhausted. To meet growing demands for bandwidth, a technology called Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) has been developed that multiplies the capacity of a single fiber. DWDM systems being deployed today can increase a single fiber s capacity sixteen fold, to a throughput of 40 Gb/s! Which is still not enough to manage the current bandwidth requirements of the corporate, which is up to 1Tb/s? So in this paper we are going to discuss how this enormously high bandwidth and speed could be achieved. This cutting edge technology when combined with network management systems and add-drop multiplexers enables carriers to adopt optically-based transmission networks that will meet the next generation of bandwidth demand at a significantly lower cost than installing new fiber.the potential bandwidth of single mode fiber is 50 Tb/s, so we are going to demonstrate how to achieve less than 1/10 th of this enormous speed which is still quite a lot taking into consideration today s scenario. We are going to show the techniques to achieve the high bandwidth of 1 Tb/s. 1.1 WDM Classification Wherever WDM systems are divided into different wavelength patterns, wide (WWDM), conventional/coarse (CWDM) and dense (DWDM). Conventional WDM systems provide up to 8 channels in the 3 rd transmission window ( C-Band) of silica fibers around 1550 nm. Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) uses the same transmission window but with denser channel spacing. Channel plans vary, but a typical system would use 40 channels at 100 GHz spacing or 80 channels with 50 GHz spacing[2]. 1.2 Approach to DWDM Confronted by the need for more capacity, carriers have three possible solutions: 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1000

2 Install new fiber. Invest in new TDM technology to achieve faster bit rates. Deploy Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing. Installing New Fiber To Meet Capacity Needs For years, carriers have expanded their networks by deploying new fiber and transmission equipment. For each new fiber deployed, the carrier could add capacity up to 2.4 Gb/s. Unfortunately, such deployment is frequently difficult and always costly. The average cost to deploy the additional fiber cable, excluding costs of associated support systems and electronics, has been estimated to be about $70,000 per mile, with costs escalating in densely populated areas. While this projection varies from place to place, installing new fiber can be a daunting prospect, particularly for carriers with tens of thousands of route miles. In many cases, the right-of way of the cable route or the premises needed to house transmission equipment is owned by a third party, such as a railroad or even a competitor. Moreover, single mode fiber is currently in short supply owing to production limitations, potentially adding to costs and delays. For these reasons, the comprehensive deployment of additional fiber is an impractical, if not impossible, solution for many carriers. Higher Speed TDM Deploying STM-64/OC-192 (10 Gb/s) As indicated earlier, STM 64/OC 192 is becoming an option for carriers seeking higher capacity, but there are significant issues surrounding this solution that may restrict its applicability. The vast majority of the existing fiber plant is single-mode fiber (SMF) that has high dispersion in the 1550 nm window, making STM 64/OC 192 transmission difficult. In fact, dispersion has a 16 times greater effect with STM 64/OC 192 equipment than with STM 16/OC 48. As a result, effective STM 64/OC 192 transmission requires either some form of dispersion compensating fiber or entire new fiber builds using non-zero dispersion shifted fiber (NZDSF) which costs some 50 percent more than SMF. The greater carrier transmission power associated with the higher bit rates also introduces nonlinear optical effects that cause degraded wave form quality. The effects of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) which, like other forms of dispersion affects the distance a light pulse can travel without signal Degradation is of particular concern for STM-64/OC 192. This problem, barely noticed until recently, has become significant because as transmission speeds increase, dispersion problems grow exponentially thereby dramatically reducing the distance a signal can travel. PMD appears to limit the reliable reach of STM 64/OC 192 to about 70 kms on most embedded fiber. Although there is a vigorous and ongoing debate within the industry over the extent of PMD problems, some key issues are already known. PMD is particularly acute in the conventional single mode fiber that comprises the vast majority of the existing fiber plant, as well as in aerial fiber. Unlike other forms of dispersion that are fairly predictable and easy to measure, PMD varies significantly from cable to cable. Moreover, PMD is affected by environmental conditions, making it difficult to determine ways to offset its effect on high bit rate systems. As a result, carriers must test nearly every span of fiber for its compatibility with STM 64/OC 192; in many cases, PMD will rule out its deployment altogether. A Third Approach DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is a technology that allows multiple information streams to be transmitted simultaneously over a single fiber at data rates as high as the fiber plant will allow (e.g. 2.4 Gb/s). The DWDM approach multiplies the simple 2.4 Gb/s system by up to 16 times, giving an immense and immediate increase in capacity using embedded fiber! A sixteen channel system (which is available today) supports 40 Gb/s in each direction over a fiber pair, while a 40 channel system under development will support 100 Gb/s[3], the equivalent of ten STM 64/OC 192 transmitters! The benefits of DWDM over the first two options adding fiber plant or deploying STM 64/OC 192 for increasing capacity are clear. 1.3 Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) is a fiber-optic transmission technique. It involves the process of multiplexing many different wavelength signals onto a single fiber. So each fiber have a set of parallel optical channels each using slightly different light wavelengths. It employs light wavelengths to transmit data parallel-by-bit or serial-by-character. DWDM is a very crucial component of optical networks that will allow the transmission of data: voice, video-ip, ATM and SONET/SDH respectively, over the optical layer. Hence with the development of WDM technology, optical layer provides the only means for carriers to integrate the diverse technologies of their existing networks into one physical infrastructure. For example, though a carrier might be operating both ATM and SONET networks, with the use of DWDM it is not necessary for the ATM signal to be multiplexed up to the SONET rate to be carried on the DWDM network. Hence carriers can quickly introduce ATM or IP without having to deploy an overlay network for multiplexing. The Fig 1 below shows the DWDM system 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1001

3 II. DWDM System Fig 1 DWDM System 2.1 Light Sources And Detectors Light emitters and light detectors are active devices at opposite ends of an optical transmission system. Light sources, or light emitters, are transmit-side devices that convert electrical signals to light pulses. The process of this conversion, or modulation, can be accomplished by externally modulating a continuous wave of light or by using a device that can generate modulated light directly. Light detectors perform the opposite function of light emitters. They are receive-side opto-electronic devices that convert light pulses into electrical signals. Two general types of light emitting devices are used in optical transmission, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes, or semiconductor lasers. LEDs are relatively slow devices, suitable for use at speeds of less than 1 Gbps, they exhibit a relatively wide spectrum width, and they transmit light in a relatively wide cone. These inexpensive devices are often used in multi mode fiber communications. Semiconductor lasers, on the other hand, have performance characteristics better suited to single-mode fiber applications. Two types of photo-detectors are widely deployed, the positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) photodiode and the avalanche photodiode (APD). PIN photo diodes work on principles similar to, but in the reverse of, LEDs. That is, light is absorbed rather than emitted, and photons are converted to electrons in a 1:1relationship. APDs are similar devices to PIN photo diodes, but provide gain through an amplification process: One photon acting on the device releases many electrons. PIN photo diodes have many advantages, including low cost and reliability, but APDs have higher receiver sensitivity and accuracy. 2.2 Multiplexers And De-Multiplexers Because DWDM systems send signals from several sources over a single fiber, they must include some means to combine the Incoming signals. This is done with a multiplexer, which takes optical wavelengths from multiple fibers and converges them into one beam. At the receiving end the system must be able to separate out the components of the light so that they can be discreetly detected. De-Multiplexers perform this function by separating the received beam into its wavelength components and coupling them to individual fibers. De-Multiplexing must be done before the light is detected, because photo detectors are inherently broadband devices that cannot selectively detect a single wavelength. Multiplexers and De-Multiplexers can be either passive or active in design. Passive designs are based on prisms, diffraction gratings, or filters, while active designs combine passive devices with tunable filters. The primary challenges in these devices are to minimize cross-talk and maximize channel separation. 2.3 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers Between multiplexing and de-multiplexing points in a DWDM system, as shown in Figure 2, there is an area in which multiple wavelengths exist. It is often desirable to be able to remove or insert one or more wavelengths at some point along this span. An optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) performs this function. Rather than combining or separating all wavelengths, the OADM can remove some while passing others on. OADMs are a key part of moving toward the goal of alloptical networks. OADMs are similar in many respects to SONET ADM, except that only optical wavelengths are added and dropped, and no conversion of the signal from optical to electrical takes place. There are two general types of OADMs. The first generation is a fixed device that is physically configured to drop specific predetermined wavelengths while adding others. The second generation is reconfigurable. 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1002

4 Fig 2 Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers 2.4 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier By making it possible to carry the large loads that DWDM is capable of transmitting over long distances, the EDFA was a key enabling technology. At the same time, it has been a driving force in the development of other network elements and technologies. Erbium is a rare-earth element that, when excited, emits light around 1.54 micrometers the low-loss wavelength for optical fibers used in DWDM. weak signal enters the erbium-doped fiber, into which light at 980 nm or 1480 nm is injected using a pump laser. This injected light stimulates the erbium atoms to release their stored energy as additional 1550-nm light. As this process continues down the fiber, the signal grows stronger. The spontaneous emissions in the EDFA also add noise to the signal; this determines the noise figure of an EDFA. The key performance parameters of optical amplifiers are gain, gain flatness, noise level, and output power. Gain should be flat because all signals must be amplified uniformly. So addition of noise and limited wavelength makes it difficult to use in the ultra high speed optical system. 2.5 Optical Parametric Amplifier Due to attenuation, there are limits to how long a fiber segment can propagate a signal with integrity before it has to be regenerated. Before the arrival of optical amplifiers (OAs), there had to be a repeater for every signal transmitted, as discussed earlier. The OA has made it possible to amplify all the wavelengths at once and without optical-electrical-optical (OEO) conversion. Besides being used on optical links, optical amplifiers also can be used to boost signal power after multiplexing or before de-multiplexing. Current systems are limited by the erbium doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) bands, i.e., about 32 nm[4]. To use larger bandwidths, it is, therefore, necessary to investigate other amplifier types. Fibre optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) offer prospects for amplification over large bandwidths and outside the EDFA bands, which could be useful for future communication systems. However, the nonlinearity of the amplifying medium, coupled with the fact that good phase matching is necessary for parametric amplification, may lead to detrimental nonlinear crosstalk in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems. This crosstalk can be greatly reduced by using highly uniform fibres, low signal power, polarization multiplexing, or short fibres. III. Challenges & Relief Paths Types of distortion in Optical Fiber Cable Chromatic dispersion effect. Dispersion compensating techniques. Optimization of residual dispersion or its map. 3.1 Chromatic Dispersion Chromatic dispersion is a type of dispersion in which the light signal is spitted into different signals due to the prism effect[5]. Due to which signals are affected and distorted at large. Effects of chromatic dispersion spectrum broadening then differences in group velocity. Then pulse broadening (waveform distortion). It could be better understood in the Fig 3 below. Fig 3 Chromatic Dispersion 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1003

5 3.2 Distortion Due To Fiber Non-Linearity This distortion results only if the there are even little manufacturing defects. It also arises when the is joining of two fibers over a common point or when there is a bend in the path of the fiber effects of non-linearity in fibers high power intensity then refractive index changes then frequency chirp then spectrum broadening then waveform distortion due to chromatic dispersion. It is better demonstrated in the Fig 4 below. Fig 4 Fiber Non-Linearties 3.3 Distortion Due To Dispersion Dispersion can be due to many factors in the Optical Fiber cable which can be like Chromatic Dispersion, Non-linearity of Fiber and many more reasons. This dispersion if not controlled can result in complete loss of signal by complete overlapping of noise signal over original signal[6]. Fig 5 Dispersion Losses The meaning of the above shown Fig 5 can be explained below: The first image is the expected or required transmission output but as the signal travel long distance through the fiber the output achieved is image 2, which is combination of noise + original signal which makes this signal difficult to be used without filtering. But if we use a Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) the output received is almost equivalent to the expected output. The DCF works as follows: The Signal travels a long distance say 100km and we get the output as in IMAGE 2 this type of o/p is produced due to positive dispersion property of normal OFC. But if we connect a DCF the o/p is as of IMAGE 3 this tremendous change is because of the negative dispersion property. So in order to achieve the exact signal at the receiver o/p we need to implement DCF in our current long haul OFC systems. If we take an example of 100km OFC line, so in this line to achieve the required and useful o/p we need to implement DCF in it. For example: In 100km around 20km cable should be DFC and other 80km should be normal OFC. A ratio of around 80:20 or 8:2 should be maintained for successful reproduction of data at receiver end. 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1004

6 Fig 6 Dispersion Compensation Fiber Need The above Fig 6 shows the requirement of pre and post Distortion Compensation (DC), the need of is self explanatory that the center wavelength has the least penalty over the longer and shorter wavelengths and the pre and post compensation only provides that so we need to adopt that compensation technique only. For better understanding the need of DCF, We have taken a practical example enlightened below: Fig 7 Trial Field This is a 750km WDM field trial between Berlin and Darmstadt (Ref.: OFC/IOOC 99, Technical Digest TuQ2, A. Ehrhardt, et.al.)[7]. As shown in above Fig 7. In this there are two trials made: 1 st (Before Optimization) in this a normal link is used of 750km. 2 nd (After Optimization) in this a normal link is used but with introduction of Pre and Post Distortion Compensation Fiber. And depending on the trial results a graph has been projected for better understanding of the need of DCF. 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1005

7 Fig 8 Field Trial Results It is clear from the above results shown in graph i.e Fig 8 the dire needs of DCF, there are two sections to be explained: 1 st (Before Optimization) in this result there is the original signal but with it there is a lot of noise which makes it difficult to reproduce, the introduction of noise is due to different distortion factors in normal OFC. 2 nd (After Optimization) in this there is original but in pure form and the concentration of noise is to the least possibility. IV. Modulation Techniques Fig 9 Different Modulation Techniques There are four different modulation techniques[8] as shown in Fig 9 1. Non-return-to-zero (NRZ) 2. Return-to-zero (RZ) 3. Carrier-Suppressed Return-to-zero 4. Optical Duo binary If we compare the above modulation techniques with respect to the above image the RZ seems to be best of all above because: It has the highest bandwidth of signal when compared with others in the image, which is one of the most important factors in OFC communication. Also the noise concentration in it is the least as shown above when compared with Optical Duo binary. Also in the NRZ technique both the upper, lower and the middle part carry the info which results in reduction of bandwidth, but this is not the case in the RZ technique in this the data is carried in the lower and the middle layer also the BW is high. In CS-RZ the carrier is suppressed due to which the data which needs to be carried in the carrier is suppressed again resulting in reduced BW. So in short the RZ technique is the best form of modulation technique which can be used in the Optical Transmission over long distances. 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1006

8 And the main objective of our paper is to show how the speed of 1Tb/s can be achieved. So one of the ways to achieve this speed is to use the modulation technique Return-to-Zero Differential-Phase-Shift- Keying or RZ-DPSK over long haul systems. And the other way is the utilization of Dispersion Compensation Fiber or DCF In the above section we have explained the dire need of DCF in OFC systems, and now we will show how we can or have to do it. The current long haul OFC systems are spread over 100s of Km underground or even under the Sea, so every time the person cannot access the systems to change the settings or configuration of the DCF in the OFC system. So there is need of Automatic Monitoring and Correction Systems[9] which will auto correct the errors or compensate the noise automatically so the user doesn t need to worry about it every now or then, and can sit back and monitor the system without much tension of loss of data due to overlapping or noise. Fig 10 Automatic Dispersion Control In the Automatic Dispersion Control as shown in Fig 10 one new block is used named as Variable Dispersion Controller (VDC). V. Variable Dispersion Controller (VDC) As optical signals travel through optical fibres, their waveforms are broadened by wavelength dispersion. Deterioration in signal quality caused by wavelength dispersion can be compensated for by using variable dispersion to apply a characteristic opposite to the wavelength dispersion in fibres. The dispersion compensator generates inverse wavelength dispersion by dispersing wavelength division multiplexed signals using an AWG fabricated on a PLC, and by controlling the phase of each wavelength. VI. Advantages i. Capacity Increase: Large aggregate transmission capacity. ii. Upgradability: Customer growth without requiring additional fiber to be laid. iii. Flexibility: Optical ADD/DROP multiplexing (OADM) Optical cross connect (OXC) iv. Scalability: The possibility to add new nodes to the network. v. Network Transparency: Independence of data rate, format and protocol. VII. Recent Developments Some technologies are capable of 12.5 GHz spacing (sometimes called ultra dense WDM). Such spacings are today only achieved by free-space optics technology. New amplification options (Raman amplification) enable the extension of the usable wavelengths to the L-band, more or less doubling these numbers. Acknowledgements We express sincere gratitude to our guide Mr. Awaab Fakih and Mrs. Chaya S. Ravindra for their support and valuable guidance. They has motivated us throughout the course of the paper to work harder and achieve set goals. We are also highly grateful to Mr. Ramzan Khatik, Head of EXTC Department and the Director, Mr. Razzak Honnutagi for providing the facilities and conductive environment. Special thanks to our family and friends to encourage us and provide us with practical suggestions for the improvement of our paper. 2014, IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1007

9 REFERENCES [1] Muralikrishna Gandluru Optical Networking And Dense Wavelenght Devision Multiplexing (DWDM). [2] Biswanath Mukherjee WDM Optical Communication Networks: Progress and Challenges. [3] Introduction to DWDM Technology by Cisco ltd. [4] Fibre Optic Essentials by Casimer M. DeCusatis and Carolyn J. Sher DeCusatis. [5] Optical Fibers and RF: A Natural Combination by Malcolm Romeiser. [6] New functionalities for advanced optical interfaces (Dispersion compensation) bykazuo Yamane Photonic systems development dept. FUJITSU. [7] I. P. Kaminow, et al, A Wideband All-Optical WDM Network, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol.14, No. 5, June 1996, pp ) [8] Melián, B., Laguna, M., and Moreno, J.A., "Capacity expansion of fiber optic networks with WDM systems: Problem formulation and comparative analysis", Computers and Operations Research, 31(3) (2004) [9] E. Lowe, "Current European WDM Deployment Trends", IEEE Communications Magazine, Feburary 1998, pp , IJARCSSE All Rights Reserved Page 1008

Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian

Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian m.karbassian@arizona.edu Contents Optical Communications: Review Optical Communications and Photonics Why Photonics?

More information

WDM. Coarse WDM. Nortel's WDM System

WDM. Coarse WDM. Nortel's WDM System WDM wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology which multiplexes a number of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by using different wavelengths (i.e. colors) of laser light.

More information

Module 19 : WDM Components

Module 19 : WDM Components Module 19 : WDM Components Lecture : WDM Components - I Part - I Objectives In this lecture you will learn the following WDM Components Optical Couplers Optical Amplifiers Multiplexers (MUX) Insertion

More information

Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian

Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian Optical Communications and Networks - Review and Evolution (OPTI 500) Massoud Karbassian m.karbassian@arizona.edu Contents Optical Communications: Review Optical Communications and Photonics Why Photonics?

More information

Performance of A Multicast DWDM Network Applied to the Yemen Universities Network using Quality Check Algorithm

Performance of A Multicast DWDM Network Applied to the Yemen Universities Network using Quality Check Algorithm Performance of A Multicast DWDM Network Applied to the Yemen Universities Network using Quality Check Algorithm Khaled O. Basulaim, Samah Ali Al-Azani Dept. of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering,

More information

FIBER OPTICS. Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar. Department of Electrical Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Lecture: 26

FIBER OPTICS. Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar. Department of Electrical Engineering. Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Lecture: 26 FIBER OPTICS Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Lecture: 26 Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) Systems Fiber Optics, Prof. R.K. Shevgaonkar,

More information

Improved Analysis of Hybrid Optical Amplifier in CWDM System

Improved Analysis of Hybrid Optical Amplifier in CWDM System Improved Analysis of Hybrid Optical Amplifier in CWDM System 1 Bandana Mallick, 2 Reeta Kumari, 3 Anirban Mukherjee, 4 Kunwar Parakram 1. Asst Proffesor in Dept. of ECE, GIET Gunupur 2, 3,4. Student in

More information

Wavelength Multiplexing. The Target

Wavelength Multiplexing. The Target The Target Design a MAN* like fiber network for high data transmission rates. The network is partial below sea level and difficult to install and to maintain. Such a fiber network demands an optimized

More information

Thursday, April 17, 2008, 6:28:40

Thursday, April 17, 2008, 6:28:40 Wavelength Division Multiplexing By: Gurudatha Pai K gurudatha@gmail.com Thursday, April 17, 2008, 6:28:40 Overview Introduction Popular Multiplexing Techniques Optical Networking WDM An Analogy of Multiplexing

More information

Optical Transport Tutorial

Optical Transport Tutorial Optical Transport Tutorial 4 February 2015 2015 OpticalCloudInfra Proprietary 1 Content Optical Transport Basics Assessment of Optical Communication Quality Bit Error Rate and Q Factor Wavelength Division

More information

Physics 464/564. Research Project: AWG Technology in DWDM System. By: Andre Y. Ma Date:

Physics 464/564. Research Project: AWG Technology in DWDM System. By: Andre Y. Ma Date: Physics 464/564 Research Project: AWG Technology in DWDM System By: Andre Y. Ma Date: 2-28-03 Abstract: The ever-increasing demand for bandwidth poses a serious limitation for the existing telecommunication

More information

ADVANCED OPTICAL FIBER FOR LONG DISTANCE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS

ADVANCED OPTICAL FIBER FOR LONG DISTANCE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS Presented at AMTC 2000 ADVANCED OPTICAL FIBER FOR LONG DISTANCE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORKS Christopher Towery North American Market Development Manager towerycr@corning.com & E. Alan Dowdell European Market

More information

Fiber Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation Enables Cost-Efficient Submarine Optical Transport

Fiber Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation Enables Cost-Efficient Submarine Optical Transport Fiber Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation Enables Cost-Efficient Submarine Optical Transport By Fredrik Sjostrom, Proximion Fiber Systems Undersea optical transport is an important part of the infrastructure

More information

A Novel Design Technique for 32-Channel DWDM system with Hybrid Amplifier and DCF

A Novel Design Technique for 32-Channel DWDM system with Hybrid Amplifier and DCF Research Manuscript Title A Novel Design Technique for 32-Channel DWDM system with Hybrid Amplifier and DCF Dr.Punal M.Arabi, Nija.P.S PG Scholar, Professor, Department of ECE, SNS College of Technology,

More information

Fundamentals of DWDM Technology

Fundamentals of DWDM Technology CHAPTER 2 The emergence of DWDM is one of the most recent and important phenomena in the development of fiber optic transmission technology. In the following discussion we briefly trace the stages of fiber

More information

Design of an Optical Submarine Network With Longer Range And Higher Bandwidth

Design of an Optical Submarine Network With Longer Range And Higher Bandwidth Design of an Optical Submarine Network With Longer Range And Higher Bandwidth Yashas Joshi 1, Smridh Malhotra 2 1,2School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE) Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore, India

More information

Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET

Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET Dr. Monir Hossen ECE, KUET 1 Outlines of the Class Principles of WDM DWDM, CWDM, Bidirectional WDM Components of WDM AWG, filter Problems with WDM Four-wave mixing Stimulated Brillouin scattering WDM Network

More information

Optical Fiber Enabler of Wireless Devices in the Palms of Your Hands

Optical Fiber Enabler of Wireless Devices in the Palms of Your Hands Optical Fiber Enabler of Wireless Devices in the Palms of Your Hands A Presentation to EE1001 Class of Electrical Engineering Department at University of Minnesota Duluth By Professor Imran Hayee Smartphone

More information

Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates

Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates Performance Evaluation of 32 Channel DWDM System Using Dispersion Compensation Unit at Different Bit Rates Simarpreet Kaur Gill 1, Gurinder Kaur 2 1Mtech Student, ECE Department, Rayat- Bahra University,

More information

Contents for this Presentation. Multi-Service Transport

Contents for this Presentation. Multi-Service Transport Contents for this Presentation SDH/DWDM based Multi-Service Transport Platform by Khurram Shahzad ad Brief Contents Description for this of Presentation the Project Development of a Unified Transport Platform

More information

Design of Ultra High Capacity DWDM System with Different Modulation Formats

Design of Ultra High Capacity DWDM System with Different Modulation Formats Design of Ultra High Capacity DWDM System with Different Modulation Formats A. Nandhini 1, K. Gokulakrishnan 2 1 PG Scholar, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Regional Center, Anna

More information

Fiberoptic Communication Systems By Dr. M H Zaidi. Optical Amplifiers

Fiberoptic Communication Systems By Dr. M H Zaidi. Optical Amplifiers Optical Amplifiers Optical Amplifiers Optical signal propagating in fiber suffers attenuation Optical power level of a signal must be periodically conditioned Optical amplifiers are a key component in

More information

Performance Comparison of Pre-, Post-, and Symmetrical Dispersion Compensation for 96 x 40 Gb/s DWDM System using DCF

Performance Comparison of Pre-, Post-, and Symmetrical Dispersion Compensation for 96 x 40 Gb/s DWDM System using DCF Performance Comparison of Pre-, Post-, and Symmetrical Dispersion Compensation for 96 x 40 Gb/s DWDM System using Sabina #1, Manpreet Kaur *2 # M.Tech(Scholar) & Department of Electronics & Communication

More information

OPTICAL NETWORKS. Building Blocks. A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005

OPTICAL NETWORKS. Building Blocks. A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005 OPTICAL NETWORKS Building Blocks A. Gençata İTÜ, Dept. Computer Engineering 2005 Introduction An introduction to WDM devices. optical fiber optical couplers optical receivers optical filters optical amplifiers

More information

Ph.D. Course Spring Wireless Communications. Wirebound Communications

Ph.D. Course Spring Wireless Communications. Wirebound Communications Ph.D. Course Spring 2005 Danyo Danev associate professor Div. Data Transmission, Dept. Electrical Engineering Linköping University SWEDEN Wireless Communications Radio transmissions Mobile telephony Satellite

More information

32-Channel DWDM System Design and Simulation by Using EDFA with DCF and Raman Amplifiers

32-Channel DWDM System Design and Simulation by Using EDFA with DCF and Raman Amplifiers 2012 International Conference on Information and Computer Networks (ICICN 2012) IPCSIT vol. 27 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore 32-Channel DWDM System Design and Simulation by Using EDFA with DCF

More information

Simulation of Pre & Post Compensation Techniques for 16 Channels DWDM Optical Network using CSRZ & DRZ Formats

Simulation of Pre & Post Compensation Techniques for 16 Channels DWDM Optical Network using CSRZ & DRZ Formats Simulation of Pre & Post Compensation Techniques for 16 Channels DWDM Optical Network using CSRZ & DRZ Formats Richa Arya 1, Malti Rani 2 1 M. Tech, Computer Science Department, Punjab Technical University,

More information

Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier

Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier Performance Analysis of Designing a Hybrid Optical Amplifier (HOA) for 32 DWDM Channels in L-band by using EDFA and Raman Amplifier Aied K. Mohammed, PhD Department of Electrical Engineering, University

More information

Spectral-Efficient 100G Parallel PHY in Metro/regional Networks

Spectral-Efficient 100G Parallel PHY in Metro/regional Networks Spectral-Efficient 100G Parallel PHY in Metro/regional Networks IEEE 802.3 HSSG January 2007 Winston I. Way wway@opvista.com OUTLINE Why spectral efficient DWDM for 100G? DWDM spectral efficiency advancement

More information

RZ BASED DISPERSION COMPENSATION TECHNIQUE IN DWDM SYSTEM FOR BROADBAND SPECTRUM

RZ BASED DISPERSION COMPENSATION TECHNIQUE IN DWDM SYSTEM FOR BROADBAND SPECTRUM RZ BASED DISPERSION COMPENSATION TECHNIQUE IN DWDM SYSTEM FOR BROADBAND SPECTRUM Prof. Muthumani 1, Mr. Ayyanar 2 1 Professor and HOD, 2 UG Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,

More information

Cisco s CLEC Networkers Power Session

Cisco s CLEC Networkers Power Session Course Number Presentation_ID 1 Cisco s CLEC Networkers Power Session Session 2 The Business Case for ONS 15800 3 What s Driving the Demand? Data Voice 4 What s Driving the Demand? Internet 36,700,000

More information

EDFA-WDM Optical Network Analysis

EDFA-WDM Optical Network Analysis EDFA-WDM Optical Network Analysis Narruvala Lokesh, kranthi Kumar Katam,Prof. Jabeena A Vellore Institute of Technology VIT University, Vellore, India Abstract : Optical network that apply wavelength division

More information

Gain Flattening Improvements With Two Cascade Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier In WDM Systems

Gain Flattening Improvements With Two Cascade Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier In WDM Systems International Academic Institute for Science and Technology International Academic Journal of Science and Engineering Vol. 3, No. 1, 2016, pp. 36-42. ISSN 2454-3896 International Academic Journal of Science

More information

Elements of Optical Networking

Elements of Optical Networking Bruckner Elements of Optical Networking Basics and practice of optical data communication With 217 Figures, 13 Tables and 93 Exercises Translated by Patricia Joliet VIEWEG+ TEUBNER VII Content Preface

More information

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOAs) as Power Boosters. Applications Note No. 0001

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOAs) as Power Boosters. Applications Note No. 0001 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (s) as Power Boosters Applications Note No. 0001 Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (s) as Power Boosters There is a growing need to manage the increase in loss budgets associated

More information

Ultra-long Span Repeaterless Transmission System Technologies

Ultra-long Span Repeaterless Transmission System Technologies Ultra-long Span Repeaterless Transmission System Technologies INADA Yoshihisa Abstract The recent increased traffic accompanying the rapid dissemination of broadband communications has been increasing

More information

OFC SYSTEMS Performance & Simulations. BC Choudhary NITTTR, Sector 26, Chandigarh

OFC SYSTEMS Performance & Simulations. BC Choudhary NITTTR, Sector 26, Chandigarh OFC SYSTEMS Performance & Simulations BC Choudhary NITTTR, Sector 26, Chandigarh High Capacity DWDM OFC Link Capacity of carrying enormous rates of information in THz 1.1 Tb/s over 150 km ; 55 wavelengths

More information

UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART CAPABILITY

UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART CAPABILITY UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART CAPABILITY Nicolas Tranvouez, Eric Brandon, Marc Fullenbaum, Philippe Bousselet, Isabelle Brylski Nicolas.tranvouez@alcaltel.lucent.fr Alcatel-Lucent, Centre de Villarceaux,

More information

Implementing of High Capacity Tbps DWDM System Optical Network

Implementing of High Capacity Tbps DWDM System Optical Network , pp. 211-218 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijfgcn.2016.9.6.20 Implementing of High Capacity Tbps DWDM System Optical Network Daleep Singh Sekhon *, Harmandar Kaur Deptt.of ECE, GNDU Regional Campus, Jalandhar,Punjab,India

More information

Chirped Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Optical Long-Haul Networks

Chirped Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Optical Long-Haul Networks 363 Chirped Bragg Grating Dispersion Compensation in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Optical Long-Haul Networks CHAOUI Fahd 3, HAJAJI Anas 1, AGHZOUT Otman 2,4, CHAKKOUR Mounia 3, EL YAKHLOUFI Mounir

More information

Chapter 8. Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers

Chapter 8. Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers Chapter 8 Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM) Part II: Amplifiers Introduction Traditionally, when setting up an optical link, one formulates a power budget and adds repeaters when the path loss exceeds

More information

Analyzing the Non-Linear Effects in DWDM Optical Network Using MDRZ Modulation Format

Analyzing the Non-Linear Effects in DWDM Optical Network Using MDRZ Modulation Format Analyzing the Non-Linear Effects in DWDM Optical Network Using MDRZ Modulation Format Ami R. Lavingia Electronics & Communication Dept. SAL Institute of Technology & Engineering Research Gujarat Technological

More information

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013 ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsse.com Design and Performance

More information

Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University

Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Last Lecture Topics Course introduction Ray optics & optical

More information

Analysis of four channel CWDM Transceiver Modules based on Extinction Ratio and with the use of EDFA

Analysis of four channel CWDM Transceiver Modules based on Extinction Ratio and with the use of EDFA Analysis of four channel CWDM Transceiver Modules based on Extinction Ratio and with the use of EDFA P.P. Hema [1], Prof. A.Sangeetha [2] School of Electronics Engineering [SENSE], VIT University, Vellore

More information

Comparative Analysis Of Different Dispersion Compensation Techniques On 40 Gbps Dwdm System

Comparative Analysis Of Different Dispersion Compensation Techniques On 40 Gbps Dwdm System INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ENHANCEMENTS AND EMERGING ENGINEERING RESEARCH, VOL 3, ISSUE 06 34 Comparative Analysis Of Different Dispersion Compensation Techniques On 40 Gbps Dwdm System Meenakshi,

More information

MAHALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE TIRUCHIRAPALLI

MAHALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE TIRUCHIRAPALLI MAHALAKSHMI ENGINEERING COLLEGE TIRUCHIRAPALLI - 621213 DEPARTMENT : ECE SUBJECT NAME : OPTICAL COMMUNICATION & NETWORKS SUBJECT CODE : EC 2402 1. Define SONET/SDH. [AUC NOV 2007] UNIT V: OPTICAL NETWORKS

More information

Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers

Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers ECE 6323 Introduction Fundamental of optical amplifiers Types of optical amplifiers Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers Semiconductor optical amplifier Others: stimulated Raman, optical parametric Advanced application:

More information

Performance Analysis of 4-Channel WDM System with and without EDFA

Performance Analysis of 4-Channel WDM System with and without EDFA Performance Analysis of 4-Channel WDM System with and without EDFA 1 Jyoti Gujral, 2 Maninder Singh 1,2 Indo Global College of Engineering, Abhipur, Mohali, Punjab, India Abstract The Scope of this paper

More information

A review on optical time division multiplexing (OTDM)

A review on optical time division multiplexing (OTDM) International Journal of Academic Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4197 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 www.academicsjournal.com Volume 3; Issue 1; January 2018; Page No. 520-524 A review on optical time division

More information

Performance Evaluation of Different Hybrid Optical Amplifiers for 64 10, and Gbps DWDM transmission system

Performance Evaluation of Different Hybrid Optical Amplifiers for 64 10, and Gbps DWDM transmission system Performance Evaluation of Different Hybrid Optical Amplifiers for 64 10, 96 10 and 128 10 Gbps DWDM transmission system Rashmi a, Anurag Sharma b, Vikrant Sharma c a Deptt. of Electronics & Communication

More information

Optical Transport Technologies and Trends

Optical Transport Technologies and Trends Optical Transport Technologies and Trends A Network Planning Perspective Sept 1, 2014 Dion Leung, Director of Solutions and Sales Engineering dleung@btisystem.com About BTI Customers 380+ worldwide in

More information

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems Fiber-Optic Communication Systems Second Edition GOVIND P. AGRAWAL The Institute of Optics University of Rochester Rochester, NY A WILEY-iNTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. NEW YORK / CHICHESTER

More information

Optical Fiber Communication

Optical Fiber Communication A Seminar report On Optical Fiber Communication Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of degree Of Mechanical SUBMITTED TO: www.studymafia.org SUBMITTED BY: www.studymafia.org

More information

Multiplexing. Timeline. Multiplexing. Types. Optically

Multiplexing. Timeline. Multiplexing. Types. Optically Multiplexing Multiplexing a process where multiple analog message signals or digital data streams are combined into one signal over a shared medium Types Time division multiplexing Frequency division multiplexing

More information

1.6 Tbps High Speed Long Reach DWDM System by incorporating Modified Duobinary Modulation Scheme

1.6 Tbps High Speed Long Reach DWDM System by incorporating Modified Duobinary Modulation Scheme Research Article International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347-5161 2014 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet 1.6

More information

DWDM Theory. ZTE Corporation Transmission Course Team. ZTE University

DWDM Theory. ZTE Corporation Transmission Course Team. ZTE University DWDM Theory ZTE Corporation Transmission Course Team DWDM Overview Multiplexing Technology WDM TDM SDM What is DWDM? Gas Station High Way Prowl Car Definition l 1 l 2 l N l 1 l 2 l 1 l 2 l N OA l N OMU

More information

30 Gbaud Opto-Electronics and Raman Technologies for New Subsea Optical Communications

30 Gbaud Opto-Electronics and Raman Technologies for New Subsea Optical Communications 30 Gbaud Opto-Electronics and Raman Technologies for New Subsea Optical Communications 30 Gbaud opto-electronics and Raman technologies have quickly become the new standards for terrestrial backbone networks.

More information

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ISSN: 2277 128X International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Research Paper Available online at: Performance Analysis of WDM/SCM System Using EDFA Mukesh Kumar

More information

CWDM Cisco CWDM wavelengths (nm)

CWDM Cisco CWDM wavelengths (nm) Cisco Enhanced Wavelength Division Multiplexing Product Line The Cisco enhanced wavelength-division multiplexing (EWDM) product line allows users to scale the speed and capacity of the services offered

More information

SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication

SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication SYLLABUS Optical Fiber Communication Subject Code : IA Marks : 25 No. of Lecture Hrs/Week : 04 Exam Hours : 03 Total no. of Lecture Hrs. : 52 Exam Marks : 100 UNIT - 1 PART - A OVERVIEW OF OPTICAL FIBER

More information

Study and Simulation of Dispersion Compensation Scheme Effects on the Performance of Optical WDM System

Study and Simulation of Dispersion Compensation Scheme Effects on the Performance of Optical WDM System People s Democratic Republic of Algeria Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University M Hamed BOUGARA Boumerdes Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department of Electronics

More information

DWDM Link with Multiple Backward Pumped Raman Amplification

DWDM Link with Multiple Backward Pumped Raman Amplification International Journal of Computational Engineering Research Vol, 03 Issue, 11 DWDM Link with Multiple Backward Pumped Raman Amplification Awab Fakih 1, Santosh Jagtap 2, Shraddha Panbude 3 1,2,3 Vidyalankar

More information

Wideband Rare-earth-doped Fiber Amplification Technologies Gain Bandwidth Expansion in the C and L bands

Wideband Rare-earth-doped Fiber Amplification Technologies Gain Bandwidth Expansion in the C and L bands Wideband Rare-earth-doped Fiber Amplification Technologies Gain Bandwidth Expansion in the C and L bands Tadashi Sakamoto, Atsushi Mori, Hiroji Masuda, and Hirotaka Ono Abstract We are expanding the gain

More information

HFTA-08.0: Receivers and Transmitters in DWDM Systems

HFTA-08.0: Receivers and Transmitters in DWDM Systems HFTA-08.0: Receivers and Transmitters in DWDM Systems The rapidly growing internet traffic demands a near-continuous expansion of data-transmission capacity. To avoid traffic jams on the data highways,

More information

ANALYSIS OF FWM POWER AND EFFICIENCY IN DWDM SYSTEMS BASED ON CHROMATIC DISPERSION AND CHANNEL SPACING

ANALYSIS OF FWM POWER AND EFFICIENCY IN DWDM SYSTEMS BASED ON CHROMATIC DISPERSION AND CHANNEL SPACING ANALYSIS OF FWM POWER AND EFFICIENCY IN DWDM SYSTEMS BASED ON CHROMATIC DISPERSION AND CHANNEL SPACING S Sugumaran 1, Manu Agarwal 2, P Arulmozhivarman 3 School of Electronics Engineering, VIT University,

More information

Performance Evaluation of Post and Symmetrical DCF Technique with EDFA in 32x10, 32x20 and 32x40 Gbps WDM Systems

Performance Evaluation of Post and Symmetrical DCF Technique with EDFA in 32x10, 32x20 and 32x40 Gbps WDM Systems International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 5161 2017 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Research Article Performance

More information

Optical communications

Optical communications Optical communications Components and enabling technologies Optical networking Evolution of optical networking: road map SDH = Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SONET = Synchronous Optical Network SDH SONET

More information

Simulative Analysis of 40 Gbps DWDM System Using Combination of Hybrid Modulators and Optical Filters for Suppression of Four-Wave Mixing

Simulative Analysis of 40 Gbps DWDM System Using Combination of Hybrid Modulators and Optical Filters for Suppression of Four-Wave Mixing Vol.9, No.7 (2016), pp.213-220 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsip.2016.9.7.18 Simulative Analysis of 40 Gbps DWDM System Using Combination of Hybrid Modulators and Optical Filters for Suppression of Four-Wave

More information

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Oct. 9, 2017

Optical Communications and Networking 朱祖勍. Oct. 9, 2017 Optical Communications and Networking Oct. 9, 2017 1 Optical Amplifiers In optical communication systems, the optical signal from the transmitter are attenuated by the fiber and other passive components

More information

E2-E3 CONSUMER FIXED ACCESS. CHAPTER-4 OVERVIEW OF OFC NETWORK (Date Of Creation: )

E2-E3 CONSUMER FIXED ACCESS. CHAPTER-4 OVERVIEW OF OFC NETWORK (Date Of Creation: ) E2-E3 CONSUMER FIXED ACCESS CHAPTER-4 OVERVIEW OF OFC NETWORK (Date Of Creation: 01-04-2011) Page: 1 Overview Of OFC Network Learning Objective: Optical Fiber concept & types OFC route and optical budget

More information

Optical networking. Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services

Optical networking. Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services Optical networking Emilie CAMISARD GIP RENATER Optical technologies engineer Advanced IP Services Agenda Optical fibre principle Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

More information

OBSERVATION AND MITIGATION OF POWER TRANSIENTS IN 160Gbps OPTICAL BACKHAUL NETWORKS

OBSERVATION AND MITIGATION OF POWER TRANSIENTS IN 160Gbps OPTICAL BACKHAUL NETWORKS OBSERVATION AND MITIGATION OF POWER TRANSIENTS IN 160Gbps OPTICAL BACKHAUL NETWORKS Vikrant Sharma Anurag Sharma Electronics and Communication Engineering, CT Group of Institutions, Jalandhar Dalveer Kaur

More information

Advanced Fibre Testing: Paving the Way for High-Speed Networks. Trevor Nord Application Specialist JDSU (UK) Ltd

Advanced Fibre Testing: Paving the Way for High-Speed Networks. Trevor Nord Application Specialist JDSU (UK) Ltd Advanced Fibre Testing: Paving the Way for High-Speed Networks Trevor Nord Application Specialist JDSU (UK) Ltd Fibre Review Singlemode Optical Fibre Elements of Loss Fibre Attenuation - Caused by scattering

More information

Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs)

Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) Chapter 12: Optical Amplifiers: Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) Prof. Dr. Yaocheng SHI ( 时尧成 ) yaocheng@zju.edu.cn http://mypage.zju.edu.cn/yaocheng 1 Traditional Optical Communication System Loss

More information

UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART

UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART UNREPEATERED SYSTEMS: STATE OF THE ART Hans Bissessur, Isabelle Brylski, Dominique Mongardien (Alcatel-Lucent Submarine Networks), Philippe Bousselet (Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs) Email: < hans.bissessur@alcatel-lucent.com

More information

Multi-format all-optical-3r-regeneration technology

Multi-format all-optical-3r-regeneration technology Multi-format all-optical-3r-regeneration technology Masatoshi Kagawa Hitoshi Murai Amount of information flowing through the Internet is growing by about 40% per year. In Japan, the monthly average has

More information

Module 19 : WDM Components

Module 19 : WDM Components Module 19 : WDM Components Lecture : WDM Components - II Objectives In this lecture you will learn the following OADM Optical Circulators Bidirectional OADM using Optical Circulators and FBG Optical Cross

More information

Introduction to BER testing of WDM systems

Introduction to BER testing of WDM systems Introduction to BER testing of WDM systems Application note 1299 Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a new and exciting technology for migrating the core optical transmission network to higher bandwidths.

More information

Pass Cisco Exam

Pass Cisco Exam Pass Cisco 642-321 Exam Number: 642-321 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 38.8 http://www.gratisexam.com/ Pass Cisco 642-321 Exam Exam Name : Cisco Optical SDH Exam (SDH) Braindumps

More information

S Optical Networks Course Lecture 4: Transmission System Engineering

S Optical Networks Course Lecture 4: Transmission System Engineering S-72.3340 Optical Networks Course Lecture 4: Transmission System Engineering Edward Mutafungwa Communications Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, P. O. Box 2300, FIN-02015 TKK, Finland Tel:

More information

Qualifying Fiber for 10G Deployment

Qualifying Fiber for 10G Deployment Qualifying Fiber for 10G Deployment Presented by: Bob Chomycz, P.Eng. Email: BChomycz@TelecomEngineering.com Tel: 1.888.250.1562 www.telecomengineering.com 2017, Slide 1 of 25 Telecom Engineering Introduction

More information

Downstream Transmission in a WDM-PON System Using a Multiwavelength SOA-Based Fiber Ring Laser Source

Downstream Transmission in a WDM-PON System Using a Multiwavelength SOA-Based Fiber Ring Laser Source JOURNAL OF L A TEX CLASS FILES, VOL. X, NO. XX, XXXX XXX 1 Downstream Transmission in a WDM-PON System Using a Multiwavelength SOA-Based Fiber Ring Laser Source Jérôme Vasseur, Jianjun Yu Senior Member,

More information

40Gb/s Optical Transmission System Testbed

40Gb/s Optical Transmission System Testbed The University of Kansas Technical Report 40Gb/s Optical Transmission System Testbed Ron Hui, Sen Zhang, Ashvini Ganesh, Chris Allen and Ken Demarest ITTC-FY2004-TR-22738-01 January 2004 Sponsor: Sprint

More information

Performance Analysis of Dispersion Compensation using FBG and DCF in WDM Systems

Performance Analysis of Dispersion Compensation using FBG and DCF in WDM Systems Performance Analysis of Dispersion using FBG and DCF in WDM Systems Ranjana Rao 1 Dr. Suresh Kumar 2 1 M. Tech Scholar, ECE Deptt UIET MDU Rohtak, Haryana, India 2 Assistant Professor, ECE Deptt, UIET

More information

Performance Analysis of 48 Channels DWDM System using EDFA for Long Distance Communication

Performance Analysis of 48 Channels DWDM System using EDFA for Long Distance Communication GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering Volume 2 Issue 3 February 2017 ISSN: 2455-5703 Performance Analysis of 48 Channels DWDM System using EDFA for Long Distance Communication

More information

Optical Fiber Amplifiers

Optical Fiber Amplifiers Optical Fiber Amplifiers Yousif Ahmed Omer 1 and Dr. Hala Eldaw Idris 2 1,2 Department of communication Faculty of Engineering, AL-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan Publishing Date: June 15, 2016 Abstract

More information

International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR) (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research)

International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR) (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research) International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research (IASIR) (An Association Unifying the Sciences, Engineering, and Applied Research) International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational

More information

Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier

Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier Practical Aspects of Raman Amplifier Contents Introduction Background Information Common Types of Raman Amplifiers Principle Theory of Raman Gain Noise Sources Related Information Introduction This document

More information

is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic

is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. The

More information

Performance Analysis of WDM RoF-EPON Link with and without DCF and FBG

Performance Analysis of WDM RoF-EPON Link with and without DCF and FBG Optics and Photonics Journal, 2013, 3, 163-168 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/opj.2013.32027 Published Online June 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/opj) Performance Analysis of WDM RoF-EPON Link with and

More information

TRANSMISSION OF NG-PON FOR LONG HAUL NETWORKS USING HYBRID AMPLIFIER

TRANSMISSION OF NG-PON FOR LONG HAUL NETWORKS USING HYBRID AMPLIFIER RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS TRANSMISSION OF NG-PON FOR LONG HAUL NETWORKS USING HYBRID AMPLIFIER Karthick.J Sanjai.V Sivakumar.K Syed Feroze hussain.s UG Scholar UG Scholar UG Scholar Assistant Professor

More information

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 4 CHANNEL WDM_EDFA SYSTEM WITH GAIN EQUALISATION

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 4 CHANNEL WDM_EDFA SYSTEM WITH GAIN EQUALISATION PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 4 CHANNEL WDM_EDFA SYSTEM WITH GAIN EQUALISATION S.Hemalatha 1, M.Methini 2 M.E.Student, Department Of ECE, Sri Sairam Engineering College,Chennai,India1 Assistant professsor,department

More information

SUBMARINE SYSTEM UPGRADES WITH 25 GHZ CHANNEL SPACING USING DRZ AND RZ-DPSK MODULATION FORMATS

SUBMARINE SYSTEM UPGRADES WITH 25 GHZ CHANNEL SPACING USING DRZ AND RZ-DPSK MODULATION FORMATS SUBMARINE SYSTEM UPGRADES WITH 25 GHZ CHANNEL SPACING USING DRZ AND RZ-DPSK MODULATION FORMATS Jiping Wen, Chunmei Yu, Tiegang Zhou, Xiaoyan Fan, Liping Ma (Huawei Marine Networks Co Ltd) Email:

More information

Performance Limitations of WDM Optical Transmission System Due to Cross-Phase Modulation in Presence of Chromatic Dispersion

Performance Limitations of WDM Optical Transmission System Due to Cross-Phase Modulation in Presence of Chromatic Dispersion Performance Limitations of WDM Optical Transmission System Due to Cross-Phase Modulation in Presence of Chromatic Dispersion M. A. Khayer Azad and M. S. Islam Institute of Information and Communication

More information

Performance Analysis of Optical Time Division Multiplexing Using RZ Pulse Generator

Performance Analysis of Optical Time Division Multiplexing Using RZ Pulse Generator Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 10, October 2015,

More information

EDFA-WDM Optical Network Design System

EDFA-WDM Optical Network Design System Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 53 ( 2013 ) 294 302 Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering & Technology 2012, MUCET 2012 Part -1 Electronic and Electrical

More information

DISPERSION COMPENSATION IN OFC USING FBG

DISPERSION COMPENSATION IN OFC USING FBG DISPERSION COMPENSATION IN OFC USING FBG 1 B.GEETHA RANI, 2 CH.PRANAVI 1 Asst. Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering G.Pullaiah College of Engineering Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh billakantigeetha@gmail.com

More information

Recent Advances of Distributed Optical Fiber Raman Amplifiers in Ultra Wide Wavelength Division Multiplexing Telecommunication Networks

Recent Advances of Distributed Optical Fiber Raman Amplifiers in Ultra Wide Wavelength Division Multiplexing Telecommunication Networks IJCST Vo l. 3, Is s u e 1, Ja n. - Ma r c h 2012 ISSN : 0976-8491 (Online) ISSN : 2229-4333 (Print) Recent Advances of Distributed Optical Fiber Raman Amplifiers in Ultra Wide Wavelength Division Multiplexing

More information

Available online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Computer Science 93 (2016 )

Available online at   ScienceDirect. Procedia Computer Science 93 (2016 ) Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Computer Science 93 (016 ) 647 654 6th International Conference On Advances In Computing & Communications, ICACC 016, 6-8 September 016,

More information