Analysis of cognitive radio networks with imperfect sensing
|
|
- Dayna Horn
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Analysis of cognitive radio networks with imperfect sensing Isameldin Suliman, Janne Lehtomäki and Timo Bräysy Centre for Wireless Communications CWC University of Oulu Oulu, Finland Kenta Umebayashi Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology TUAT Tokyo, Japan Abstract Recently, cognitive radio access has received much attention. Spectrum sensing methods are often used for finding free channels to be used by cognitive radios secondary users. State diagram based approach can be used for analyzing the effects of imperfect spectrum sensing with false alarms and misdetections. The state diagram consists of two-tuples like 1,2 meaning one primary user and two secondary users present. We note that state dependent transition rates are very important for accurate modeling. This is because for example in state, all channels occupied by primary users collisions happen with increased probability. Our contribution is as follows. Explicit expressions for state dependent transition rates are presented for the case with three channels. However, the approach can be used also for more channels. Primary termination probability is used for evaluating the level of interference to primary users caused by secondary users. Secondary success probability is used to find out how often does a secondary call start and terminate successfully. and analysis results agree very well. I. INTROUCTION Cognitive radio [1] has been considered as key mechanism in addressing the problem of spectrum scarcity in wireless communication systems [2]. Main system assumption in cognitive radio use is that there is a primary operator who owns or has licensed the frequency band, and an opportunistic system who attempts to use this band on a non-interfering basis, i.e., as a secondary operator. Secondary users i.e. users who have associated with the opportunistic system are users who seeks free frequency channels for their own communication purposes. Fig. 1 shows example of primary user occupancy in N channels and also the free resource that could be utilized for secondary user transmissions. Primary users i.e. users who are associated with the primary operator however, have strict priority over secondary users. This requires accurate detection of the presence of the primary user by the secondary users. ifferent types of spectrum sensing mechanisms have been used for detecting presence of primary users in wireless networks. These mechanisms include energy [] and cyclostationary [4] based methods. For example, in energy detection see, e.g., [5], the detector measures the energy / power of the received signal during some time period and in some frequency channel. Then the measured value of energy / power is compared to a threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, the detector decides that a primary signal was present. Perfect detection of presence of primary users cannot be obtained by Fig. 1. Channel occupancy by primary users in N channels. using spectrum sensing methods. There will be false alarms and misdetections. The interactions between primary and secondary users can be studied by using continuous-time Markov chains CTMC as in [6]. Therein, perfect sensing was assumed. The effects of imperfect sensing can also be analyzed using Markov chains as recently performed in [7]. Therein, a multichannel system was assumed and the system state was reduced to two numbers: the number of channels occupied by primary users and the number of channels occupied by secondary users. State diagram based approach was also used in [8] with perfect radio resource detection for modelling dynamic spectrum access. According to our best knowledge, in the existing literature about Markov based analysis of cognitive radios, the state dependence of events such as collisions with primary users or finding free channels for secondary users is not fully taken into account. In practice, the transition rates do not depends only on the arrival/service rate but also on the system state. For example, if there are several primary users present, then the probability of collision is increased and also the probability of finding a free channel is decreased. In this paper, we apply Markov modeling approach similar to [7], [8]. Our goal is to perform performance analysis of a multichannel cognitive radio system with primary and secondary users and with imperfect sensing and random channel search order. The performance metrics used are the probability that a secondary user call is normally terminated and the primary termination probability. The analysis is carried out /9/ $ IEEE 1616
2 by using the state diagram based approach. The prominent feature of our state diagram is that it has state-dependent transition rates at the nodes. These transition rates are found by going through all the possible search sequences and by taking into account the channel state. We believe that the state dependency is very important for modeling cognitive radio systems with higher accuracy. Explicit state diagram and results are presented for case with three channels. However, the approach can be used also for more channels. II. SYSTEM MOEL False alarm probability P F refers to the probability that a free channel is classified as being occupied. The misdetection probability P M =1 P is the probability that an occupied channel is classified as vacant. The detection probability P is the probability that a occupied channel is correctly classified as occupied. False alarms reduce spectrum utilization of secondary users while misdetections cause interference to the primary users. We assume that there are N channels available. These channels are shared between primary and secondary users, with primary users having priority over the secondary users. Calls of the primary users arrive with rate and secondary calls arrive with rate λ 2. The corresponding service rates are μ 1 and. We have made some simplifications similar to those used in [7] so as to enable finding theoretical solutions. The assumptions are: 1 When primary user arrives to a channel occupied by secondary users, the secondary user will always notice the primary user [7]. Note that this results into a very short collision with the primary user. After this, secondary user starts to search for a new channel. uring this phase, the secondary user will perform detection on the remaining channels with random order until it finds a free channel or all channels are determined to be busy. Free channel is decided to be occupied with false alarm probability P F and occupied channel is determined to free with miss detection probability P M = 1 P, where P is the detection probability 2 All state transitions are instantaneous, i.e., the time it takes to search for a free channel is assumed to be negligible. Note that in practice, the acquisition time can be quite large, depending on the search method used [9]. A secondary user knows the channels occupied by other secondary users and it will not use them. The necessary information can be distributed over, for example, some signaling channel. 4 A primary user knows the channels occupied by other primary users so that there will be no collisions between primary users [7] 5 In case of collisions between primary user and secondary user, both colliding users withdraw from the channel [7]. Note that the collision when primary comes to secondary channel is assumed to be short and does not cause the primary to leave the channel. P M : Misdetection => Collision P S F F P F P P F : False alarm Fig.. Movement from state 1,1 to state 1,. 6 The search order for new free channels is random similar to random search in [9]. The search stops after an idle channel is found or all channels are found to be occupied. In practice, it might be allowed to search all the channels several times until giving up. III. ANALYSIS We use a two-dimensional Markov chain to model the system. The system states are given by two-tuples i, j where: i is number of channels used for primary users calls and j is number of channels used for secondary users calls. For example 1,2 refers to state with one primary user and two secondary users. Let N be the number of channels available in the system. The total number of channel occupied by primary and secondary users does not exceed N. Therefore, we have the following restrictions: i N, j N, i + j N. Let Q i,j denotes the steady state probability that the system is in state i, j, which can be interpreted as the proportion of time that the system spends in state i, j. A. State transition diagram Fig. 2 shows the state transition diagram when there are three channels. The state-dependent transition rates have been derived by going through all the possible sequences of channels and detection events. Some simple examples are given next. Let us consider transition from state 1,1 to state 1,. The detection events and channel search orders that lead to this transition are illustrated in Fig.. There are two possibilities for this transition. In the first possibility, the existing secondary user call ends with rate so that the number of secondary users is reduced by one. In the second possibility, a new primary user comes to the existing secondary user channel forcing it to search for free channels. If the existing secondary user ends up with colliding the existing primary user then both secondary 1617
3 , P F, 2 1, 2 μ 1 + λ 2 P M λ21 P 2 F λ21 PF μ2 2μ2 2 P F 2+ 1 P 2 F λ21 P F 1 + P 2 2μ2 + λ1pm P F 1+P λ21 P F, 1 1, 1 2, 1 μ 1 + λ 2P M P F 2μ 1 + λ 2 1 P 2 μ2 λ1 P 2 F λ1 P P 2 2+P + P F +2P F P λ 2 1 PF μ2 + P M PF λ1 2 P F P 2 k= P k λ21 P F 1 P 2 μ2 + λ1, 1, 2,, μ 1 + λ 2P M 1+PF + PF 2 2μ 1 + λ 2P M 2 + P + P F +2P F P μ 1 + λ 2 1 P Fig. 2. State transition probabilities and primary calls will be terminated thus leaving only the new primary thus resulting to the state 1,. Let us discuss this in more detail and start from the state 1,1. Because primary knows about other primaries, the new primary has two possible channels to use, one which is occupied by secondary user and one which is totally free. Therefore, the new primary user comes to secondary user channel with probability primary is not concerned about secondary users. Then the secondary user goes straight to the existing primary user channel with probability and collision happens with probability P M. Alternative is that the secondary user goes first to the free channel with probability and has false alarm and then goes to the primary user channel and has misdetection. All these terms result into rate of + P M P F Movement from state 2,1 to state,. The new primary user always forces the secondary user to leave the channel and to search new free channels. The secondary user correctly detects that the two other channels are occupied by primary user with probability P 2. Thus the transition rate is P 2. B. Balance equations The balance equations can be written by considering the transition rates using the rule that input must equal output for 1618
4 each state [1]. Additionally, N i= j= N Q i,j =1 1 For example, for the simple case of the state, the balance equation results into Q, = Q [ ] 1, μ1 + λ2pm 1+PF + PF 2 + Q,1 + λ 2 1 PF 2 For the case of state 1,2 we have the following balance equation Probability Q 1,2 λ 1 P +2 + λ 1 P M + μ 1 + λ 2 P M =Q, + Q λ21 P F 1+P 1,1 + Q λ11+21 P F,2 The resulting set of simultaneous linear equations balance equations for every state and the normalization constraint can be easily solved using, for example, MATLAB. C. Primary user termination probability We use the term primary termination probability to refer to the probability that a primary user call, which has not been blocked in start, is terminated due to collisions with secondary users because of misdetections. The probability that a primary user call is terminated due to collisions with secondary users can be found by going through the state diagram states. The result is P PT = N i=1 N i j= + N 1 N i i=1 j=1 Q i,j T i,j i 1,j iμ 1 Q i,j T i,j i,j 1 j 1 QN, 4 where Q i,j is the state probability of state i,j and T i,j i 1,j is the transition from state i,j toi 1,j. IV. NUMERICAL AN SIMULATION RESULTS First, we performed simulation to verify the solution to the state equations. The simulations were performed with MAT- LAB using an event-based approach and Poisson arrival processes. The simulation setup used the assumptions mentioned in Section II, i.e., the acquisition time was negligible. However, during acquisition the channels were randomly searched using the specified false alarm and detection probabilities, i.e., we did not simulate the Fig. 2 directly thus providing verification for the derived state transition probabilities. The theoretical results are compared with simulation in Fig. 4 for the case N =. It can be seen that the theory and simulation agree very well. The state numbers are explained in Table I. Fig. 5 shows the primary termination probability theory and simulation. Of course, when P =1, the primary termination probability is zero. From the results we can see that if 5 % State index Fig. 4. State probabilities, simulation versus theory, P F =.15, P =.71, =7, λ 2 =.5, μ 1 = =4, N =channels. Primary termination probability P Fig. 5. Primary termination probabilities, simulation versus theory, P F =.15, =7, λ 2 =.5, μ 1 = =4, N =channels. is the maximum allowed termination probability caused by secondary users interference, then the detection probability P must be around.95 or greater. Fig. 6 shows the probability that a secondary call is started and terminated normally. It can be seen that as expected the success probability goes down when increases. This means that the high primary arrival rate means that the channels are more often occupied by primary users reducing opportunities for secondary users to access the network. 1619
5 Probability that a secondary call is succesfull =2 =4 = Fig. 6. Probability that a secondary user call is normally terminated, P F =.15, λ 2 =.5, μ 1 =4, N =channels. TABLE I MAPPING BETWEEN i,j AN STATE INEX i,j state index, 1 1, 2 2,, 4,1 5 1,1 6 2,1 7,2 8 1,2 9, 1 REFERENCES [1] J. Mitola III, Cognitive radio: An integrated agent architecture for software defined radio, Ph.. dissertation, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, 2. [2] S. Haykin, Cognitive radio: Brain-empowered wireless communications, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 2, pp , Feb. 25. [] H. Urkowitz, Energy detection of unknown deterministic signals, Proc. IEEE, vol. 55, no. 4, pp , Apr [4] W. A. Gardner, Signal interception: a unifying theoretical framework for feature detection, IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 6, no. 8, pp , Aug [5] J. Lehtomäki, Analysis of energy based signal detection, Ph.. dissertation, Acta Univ Oul Technica C 229. Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Finland, ec. 25. [Online]. Available: [6] B. Wang, Z. Ji, M. Abdulrehem, R. Liu, and T. Clancy, Primaryprioritized markov approach for dynamic spectrum allocation, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 8, pp , Apr. 29. [7] S. Tang and B. L. Mark, Modeling and analysis of opportunistic spectrum sharing with unreliable spectrum sensing, IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 8, pp , 29. [8] Y. Xing, R. Chandramouli, S. Mangold, and S. S. N., ynamic spectrum access in open spectrum wireless networks, IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 24, no., pp , 26. [9] L. Luo and S. Roy, Analysis of search schemes in cognitive radio, in SECON, 27, pp [1] L. Kleinrock, Queueing Systems, Volume I:. John Wiley and Sons, Mar V. CONCLUSIONS AN FUTURE WORK We have presented analysis of cognitive radio networks with imperfect sensing. Our approach employed a multidimensional Markov chain state diagram to obtain exact theoretical probabilities. We used state dependent transition rates provide more accurate analysis. As performance metrics we used the probability that a primary call is terminated by secondary users due to misdetections and the probability that a secondary call is successful. The main results of the paper are that the probability of collision to primary users increases with the probability of miss-detection and that the probability of successful secondary communications decreases with the primary traffic arrival rate. In the future work, it would be useful to investigate the case where secondaries will not always notice the arrival of the primary users and also the case where only the secondary will leave when collisions occur. Additionally, the state equations should be generalized to larger number of channels and the effects of timing offset between primary user arrival and secondary user sensing period could be studied. The simulation setup could be extended to take into account non-negligible acquisition times. 162
Spectrum Sharing with Adjacent Channel Constraints
Spectrum Sharing with Adjacent Channel Constraints icholas Misiunas, Miroslava Raspopovic, Charles Thompson and Kavitha Chandra Center for Advanced Computation and Telecommunications Department of Electrical
More informationAnalysis of Distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access Scheme in Cognitive Radios
Analysis of Distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access Scheme in Cognitive Radios Muthumeenakshi.K and Radha.S Abstract The problem of distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) using Continuous Time Markov Model
More informationCognitive Radio Spectrum Access with Prioritized Secondary Users
Appl. Math. Inf. Sci. Vol. 6 No. 2S pp. 595S-601S (2012) Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences An International Journal @ 2012 NSP Natural Sciences Publishing Cor. Cognitive Radio Spectrum Access
More informationAnalysis of Dynamic Spectrum Access with Heterogeneous Networks: Benefits of Channel Packing Scheme
Analysis of Dynamic Spectrum Access with Heterogeneous Networks: Benefits of Channel Packing Scheme Ling Luo and Sumit Roy Dept. of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 Email:
More informationForced Spectrum Access Termination Probability Analysis Under Restricted Channel Handoff
Forced Spectrum Access Termination Probability Analysis Under Restricted Channel Handoff MohammadJavad NoroozOliaee, Bechir Hamdaoui, Taieb Znati, Mohsen Guizani Oregon State University, noroozom@onid.edu,
More informationReview of Energy Detection for Spectrum Sensing in Various Channels and its Performance for Cognitive Radio Applications
American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2012, 5 (2), 151-156 ISSN: 1941-7020 2014 Babu and Suganthi, This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0
More informationAccessing the Hidden Available Spectrum in Cognitive Radio Networks under GSM-based Primary Networks
Accessing the Hidden Available Spectrum in Cognitive Radio Networks under GSM-based Primary Networks Antara Hom Chowdhury, Yi Song, and Chengzong Pang Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
More informationImperfect Monitoring in Multi-agent Opportunistic Channel Access
Imperfect Monitoring in Multi-agent Opportunistic Channel Access Ji Wang Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements
More informationCombined Channel Aggregation and Fragmentation Strategy in Cognitive Radio Networks
Combined Channel Aggregation and Fragmentation Strategy in Cognitive Radio Networks Lei Li, Sihai Zhang, Kaiwei Wang and Wuyang Zhou Wireless Information Network Laboratory University of Science and Technology
More informationSequential Multi-Channel Access Game in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks
Sequential Multi-Channel Access Game in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks Chunxiao Jiang, Yan Chen, and K. J. Ray Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College
More informationAttack-Proof Collaborative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
Attack-Proof Collaborative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks Wenkai Wang, Husheng Li, Yan (Lindsay) Sun, and Zhu Han Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering University
More informationA survey on broadcast protocols in multihop cognitive radio ad hoc network
A survey on broadcast protocols in multihop cognitive radio ad hoc network Sureshkumar A, Rajeswari M Abstract In the traditional ad hoc network, common channel is present to broadcast control channels
More informationA Game Theory based Model for Cooperative Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio
Research Article International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347-5161 2014 INPRESSCO, All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet A Game
More informationModeling and Analysis of Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing with Unreliable Spectrum Sensing
934 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL 8, NO 4, APRIL 009 Modeling and Analysis of Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing with Unreliable Spectrum Sensing Shensheng Tang, Senior Member, IEEE, andbrianlmark,member,
More informationPrimary-Prioritized Markov Approach for Dynamic Spectrum Access
Primary-Prioritized Markov Approach for Dynamic Spectrum Access Beibei Wang, Zhu Ji, and K. J. Ray Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Systems Research University of
More informationSIMULATION OF COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUES IN COGNITIVE RADIO USING MATLAB
SIMULATION OF COOPERATIVE SPECTRUM SENSING TECHNIQUES IN COGNITIVE RADIO USING MATLAB 1 ARPIT GARG, 2 KAJAL SINGHAL, 3 MR. ARVIND KUMAR, 4 S.K. DUBEY 1,2 UG Student of Department of ECE, AIMT, GREATER
More informationStability Analysis for Network Coded Multicast Cell with Opportunistic Relay
This full text paper was peer reviewed at the direction of IEEE Communications Society subject matter experts for publication in the IEEE ICC 00 proceedings Stability Analysis for Network Coded Multicast
More informationCOGNITIVE Radio (CR) [1] has been widely studied. Tradeoff between Spoofing and Jamming a Cognitive Radio
Tradeoff between Spoofing and Jamming a Cognitive Radio Qihang Peng, Pamela C. Cosman, and Laurence B. Milstein School of Comm. and Info. Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of
More informationModeling Study on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing System Under Interference Temperature Constraints in Underground Coal Mines
Send Orders for Reprints to reprints@benthamscienceae 140 The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal, 2015, 8, 140-148 Open Access Modeling Study on Dynamic Spectrum Sharing System Under Interference Temperature
More informationCooperative Spectrum Sensing and Decision Making Rules for Cognitive Radio
ISSN (Online) : 2319-8753 ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 3, Special Issue 3, March 2014 2014 International Conference
More informationCognitive Relaying and Opportunistic Spectrum Sensing in Unlicensed Multiple Access Channels
Cognitive Relaying and Opportunistic Spectrum Sensing in Unlicensed Multiple Access Channels Jonathan Gambini 1, Osvaldo Simeone 2 and Umberto Spagnolini 1 1 DEI, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, I-20133
More informationEfficient Method of Secondary Users Selection Using Dynamic Priority Scheduling
Efficient Method of Secondary Users Selection Using Dynamic Priority Scheduling ABSTRACT Sasikumar.J.T 1, Rathika.P.D 2, Sophia.S 3 PG Scholar 1, Assistant Professor 2, Professor 3 Department of ECE, Sri
More informationAnalysis of Interference in Cognitive Radio Networks with Unknown Primary Behavior
EEE CC 22 - Cognitive Radio and Networks Symposium Analysis of nterference in Cognitive Radio Networks with Unknown Primary Behavior Chunxiao Jiang, Yan Chen,K.J.RayLiu and Yong Ren Department of Electrical
More informationEffect of Time Bandwidth Product on Cooperative Communication
Surendra Kumar Singh & Rekha Gupta Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, MITS Gwalior E-mail : surendra886@gmail.com, rekha652003@yahoo.com Abstract Cognitive radios are proposed to
More informationSpectrum accessing optimization in congestion times in radio cognitive networks based on chaotic neural networks
Manuscript Spectrum accessing optimization in congestion times in radio cognitive networks based on chaotic neural networks Mahdi Mir, Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,
More informationSpectrum Sensing and Data Transmission Tradeoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
Spectrum Sensing Data Transmission Tradeoff in Cognitive Radio Networks Yulong Zou Yu-Dong Yao Electrical Computer Engineering Department Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken 73, USA Email: Yulong.Zou,
More informationOPPORTUNISTIC SPECTRUM ACCESS IN MULTI-USER MULTI-CHANNEL COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS
9th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 0) Barcelona, Spain, August 9 - September, 0 OPPORTUNISTIC SPECTRUM ACCESS IN MULTI-USER MULTI-CHANNEL COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS Sachin Shetty, Kodzo Agbedanu,
More informationIMPROVED PROBABILITY OF DETECTION AT LOW SNR IN COGNITIVE RADIOS
87 IMPROVED PROBABILITY OF DETECTION AT LOW SNR IN COGNITIVE RADIOS Parvinder Kumar 1, (parvinderkr123@gmail.com)dr. Rakesh Joon 2 (rakeshjoon11@gmail.com)and Dr. Rajender Kumar 3 (rkumar.kkr@gmail.com)
More informationDownlink Erlang Capacity of Cellular OFDMA
Downlink Erlang Capacity of Cellular OFDMA Gauri Joshi, Harshad Maral, Abhay Karandikar Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, India 400076. Email: gaurijoshi@iitb.ac.in,
More informationIMPLEMENTATION OF CYCLIC PERI- ODOGRAM DETECTION ON VEE FOR COG- NITIVE
IMPLEMENAION OF CYCLIC PERI- ODOGRAM DEECION ON VEE FOR COG- NIIVE Agilent echnologies IMPLEMENAION OF CYCLIC PERIODOGRAM DEECION ON VEE FOR COGNIIVE RADIO Zaichen Zhang and iaodan u National Mobile Communications
More informationDynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks. Xiaoying Gan 09/17/2009
Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks Xiaoying Gan xgan@ucsd.edu 09/17/2009 Outline Introduction Cognitive Radio Framework MAC sensing Spectrum Occupancy Model Sensing policy Access policy
More informationDecentralized Cognitive MAC for Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Ad-Hoc Networks: A POMDP Framework
Decentralized Cognitive MAC for Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Ad-Hoc Networks: A POMDP Framework Qing Zhao, Lang Tong, Anathram Swami, and Yunxia Chen EE360 Presentation: Kun Yi Stanford University
More informationSpectrum Sensing Using Bayesian Method for Maximum Spectrum Utilization in Cognitive Radio
5 Spectrum Sensing Using Bayesian Method for Maximum Spectrum Utilization in Cognitive Radio Anurama Karumanchi, Mohan Kumar Badampudi 2 Research Scholar, 2 Assoc. Professor, Dept. of ECE, Malla Reddy
More informationPower Allocation with Random Removal Scheme in Cognitive Radio System
, July 6-8, 2011, London, U.K. Power Allocation with Random Removal Scheme in Cognitive Radio System Deepti Kakkar, Arun khosla and Moin Uddin Abstract--Wireless communication services have been increasing
More informationA new Opportunistic MAC Layer Protocol for Cognitive IEEE based Wireless Networks
A new Opportunistic MAC Layer Protocol for Cognitive IEEE 8.11-based Wireless Networks Abderrahim Benslimane,ArshadAli, Abdellatif Kobbane and Tarik Taleb LIA/CERI, University of Avignon, Agroparc BP 18,
More informationCognitive Radio Techniques
Cognitive Radio Techniques Spectrum Sensing, Interference Mitigation, and Localization Kandeepan Sithamparanathan Andrea Giorgetti ARTECH HOUSE BOSTON LONDON artechhouse.com Contents Preface xxi 1 Introduction
More informationPerformance Analysis of Self-Scheduling Multi-channel Cognitive MAC Protocols under Imperfect Sensing Environment
Performance Analysis of Self-Seduling Multi-annel Cognitive MAC Protocols under Imperfect Sensing Environment Mingyu Lee 1, Seyoun Lim 2, Tae-Jin Lee 1 * 1 College of Information and Communication Engineering,
More informationChannel Sensing Order in Multi-user Cognitive Radio Networks
2012 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks Channel Sensing Order in Multi-user Cognitive Radio Networks Jie Zhao and Xin Wang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
More informationPerformance Analysis of Two Case Studies for a Power Line Communication Network
178 International Journal of Communication Networks and Information Security (IJCNIS) Vol. 3, No. 2, August 211 Performance Analysis of Two Case Studies for a Power Line Communication Network Shensheng
More informationTSIN01 Information Networks Lecture 9
TSIN01 Information Networks Lecture 9 Danyo Danev Division of Communication Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University, Sweden September 26 th, 2017 Danyo Danev TSIN01 Information
More informationEfficiency and detectability of random reactive jamming in wireless networks
Efficiency and detectability of random reactive jamming in wireless networks Ni An, Steven Weber Modeling & Analysis of Networks Laboratory Drexel University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
More informationPerformance Evaluation of Energy Detector for Cognitive Radio Network
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 8, Issue 5 (Nov. - Dec. 2013), PP 46-51 Performance Evaluation of Energy Detector for Cognitive
More informationOptimal Power Control in Cognitive Radio Networks with Fuzzy Logic
MEE10:68 Optimal Power Control in Cognitive Radio Networks with Fuzzy Logic Jhang Shih Yu This thesis is presented as part of Degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering September 2010 Main supervisor:
More informationDelay Performance Modeling and Analysis in Clustered Cognitive Radio Networks
Delay Performance Modeling and Analysis in Clustered Cognitive Radio Networks Nadia Adem and Bechir Hamdaoui School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
More informationApplication of combined TOPSIS and AHP method for Spectrum Selection in Cognitive Radio by Channel Characteristic Evaluation
International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering. ISSN 0974-2166 Volume 10, Number 2 (2017), pp. 71 79 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Application of
More informationAdaptive Duty Cycling in Sensor Networks via Continuous Time Markov Chain Modelling
Adaptive Duty Cycling in Sensor Networks via Continuous Time Markov Chain Modelling Ronald Chan, Pengfei Zhang, Wenyu Zhang, Ido Nevat, Alvin Valera, Hwee-Xian Tan and Natarajan Gautam Institute for Infocomm
More informationA Two-Layer Coalitional Game among Rational Cognitive Radio Users
A Two-Layer Coalitional Game among Rational Cognitive Radio Users This research was supported by the NSF grant CNS-1018447. Yuan Lu ylu8@ncsu.edu Alexandra Duel-Hallen sasha@ncsu.edu Department of Electrical
More informationOn Hierarchical Pipeline Paging in Multi-Tier Overlaid Hierarchical Cellular Networks
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL., NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 9 On Hierarchical Pipeline Paging in Multi-Tier Overlaid Hierarchical Cellular Networks Yang Xiao, Senior Member, IEEE, Hui Chen, Member,
More informationImplementation of Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization
www.semargroups.org, www.ijsetr.com ISSN 2319-8885 Vol.02,Issue.11, September-2013, Pages:1085-1091 Implementation of Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Optimization D.TARJAN
More informationCognitive Radio Techniques for GSM Band
Cognitive Radio Techniques for GSM Band Baiju Alexander, R. David Koilpillai Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Email: {baiju,davidk}@iitm.ac.in Abstract Cognitive
More informationPerformance of OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio
International Journal of Engineering Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 6734, ISSN (Print): 2319 6726 Volume 2 Issue 4 ǁ April. 2013 ǁ PP.51-57 Performance of OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Geethu.T.George
More informationChapter 2 On the Spectrum Handoff for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks Without Common Control Channel
Chapter 2 On the Spectrum Handoff for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks Without Common Control Channel Yi Song and Jiang Xie Abstract Cognitive radio (CR) technology is a promising solution to enhance the
More informationChannel Sensing Order in Multi-user Cognitive Radio Networks
Channel Sensing Order in Multi-user Cognitive Radio Networks Jie Zhao and Xin Wang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook, New York 11794
More informationAn Optimized Energy Detection Scheme For Spectrum Sensing In Cognitive Radio
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-issn: 78-067X, p-issn: 78-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 11, Issue 04 (April 015), PP.66-71 An Optimized Energy Detection Scheme For Spectrum
More informationOFDM Based Spectrum Sensing In Time Varying Channel
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 3, Issue 4(April 2014), PP.50-55 OFDM Based Spectrum Sensing In Time Varying Channel
More informationControl issues in cognitive networks. Marko Höyhtyä and Tao Chen CWC-VTT-Gigaseminar 4th December 2008
Control issues in cognitive networks Marko Höyhtyä and Tao Chen CWC-VTT-Gigaseminar 4th December 2008 Outline Cognitive wireless networks Cognitive mesh Topology control Frequency selection Power control
More informationCognitive Radio: Smart Use of Radio Spectrum
Cognitive Radio: Smart Use of Radio Spectrum Miguel López-Benítez Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool, United Kingdom M.Lopez-Benitez@liverpool.ac.uk www.lopezbenitez.es,
More informationSmart-Radio-Technology-Enabled Opportunistic Spectrum Utilization
Smart-Radio-Technology-Enabled Opportunistic Spectrum Utilization Xin Liu Computer Science Dept. University of California, Davis Spectrum, Spectrum Spectrum is expensive and heavily regulated 3G spectrum
More informationSoft Combination and Detection for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks
452 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 7, NO., NOVEMBER 28 Soft Combination and Detection for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks Jun Ma, Student Member, IEEE, Guodong
More informationA Novel Cognitive Anti-jamming Stochastic Game
A Novel Cognitive Anti-jamming Stochastic Game Mohamed Aref and Sudharman K. Jayaweera Communication and Information Sciences Laboratory (CISL) ECE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM and Bluecom
More informationQoS-based Dynamic Channel Allocation for GSM/GPRS Networks
QoS-based Dynamic Channel Allocation for GSM/GPRS Networks Jun Zheng 1 and Emma Regentova 1 Department of Computer Science, Queens College - The City University of New York, USA zheng@cs.qc.edu Deaprtment
More informationPRIMARY USER BEHAVIOR ESTIMATION AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT FOR DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS IN ENERGY-CONSTRAINED COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORKS
PRIMARY USER BEHAVIOR ESTIMATION AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT FOR DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS IN ENERGY-CONSTRAINED COGNITIVE RADIO SENSOR NETWORKS By XIAOYUAN LI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
More informationTrellis-Coded-Modulation-OFDMA for Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Environment
Trellis-Coded-Modulation-OFDMA for Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Environment Nader Mokari Department of ECE Tarbiat Modares University Tehran, Iran Keivan Navaie School of Electronic & Electrical Eng.
More informationLow Overhead Spectrum Allocation and Secondary Access in Cognitive Radio Networks
Low Overhead Spectrum Allocation and Secondary Access in Cognitive Radio Networks Yee Ming Chen Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
More informationSome Cross-Layer Design and Performance Issues in Cognitive Radio Networks
Some Cross-Layer Design and Performance Issues in Cognitive Radio Networks S.M. Shahrear Tanzil M.A.Sc. Student School of Engineering The University of British Columbia Okanagan Supervisor: Dr. Md. Jahangir
More informationExperimental Study of Spectrum Sensing Based on Distribution Analysis
Experimental Study of Spectrum Sensing Based on Distribution Analysis Mohamed Ghozzi, Bassem Zayen and Aawatif Hayar Mobile Communications Group, Institut Eurecom 2229 Route des Cretes, P.O. Box 193, 06904
More informationCopyright Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Document downloaded from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/37126 This paper must be cited as: Balapuwaduge, IAM.; Jiao, L.; Pla Boscà, VJ.; Li, FY. (2014). Channel Assembling with Priority-based Queues in Cognitive
More informationUtilization of Multipaths for Spread-Spectrum Code Acquisition in Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels
734 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 49, NO. 4, APRIL 2001 Utilization of Multipaths for Spread-Spectrum Code Acquisition in Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels Oh-Soon Shin, Student
More informationPerformance of Wideband Mobile Channel with Perfect Synchronism BPSK vs QPSK DS-CDMA
Performance of Wideband Mobile Channel with Perfect Synchronism BPSK vs QPSK DS-CDMA By Hamed D. AlSharari College of Engineering, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, hamed_100@hotmail.com
More informationDistributed and Coordinated Spectrum Access Methods for Heterogeneous Channel Bonding
Distributed and Coordinated Spectrum Access Methods for Heterogeneous Channel Bonding 1 Zaheer Khan, Janne Lehtomäki, Simon Scott, Zhu Han, Marwan Krunz, and Alan Marshall Abstract Channel bonding (CB)
More informationPerformance Comparison of Time Delay Estimation for Whole and Dispersed Spectrum Utilization in Cognitive Radio Systems
Performance Comparison of Time Delay Estimation for Whole and Dispersed Spectrum Utilization in Cognitive Radio Systems Hasari Celebi and Khalid A. Qaraqe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
More informationPrimary-Prioritized Markov Approach for Dynamic Spectrum Allocation
1854 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 8, NO. 4, APRIL 29 Primary-Prioritized Markov Approach for Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Beibei Wang, Student Member, IEEE, ZhuJi,K.J.RayLiu,Fellow,
More informationBayesian Approach for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio
6th International Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology (ICRTET - 2018) Bayesian Approach for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Mr. Anant R. More 1, Dr. Wankhede Vishal A. 2, Dr. M.S.G.
More informationConsensus Algorithms for Distributed Spectrum Sensing Based on Goodness of Fit Test in Cognitive Radio Networks
Consensus Algorithms for Distributed Spectrum Sensing Based on Goodness of Fit Test in Cognitive Radio Networks Djamel TEGUIG, Bart SCHEERS, Vincent LE NIR Department CISS Royal Military Academy Brussels,
More informationNovel CSMA Scheme for DS-UWB Ad-hoc Network with Variable Spreading Factor
2615 PAPER Special Section on Wide Band Systems Novel CSMA Scheme for DS-UWB Ad-hoc Network with Variable Spreading Factor Wataru HORIE a) and Yukitoshi SANADA b), Members SUMMARY In this paper, a novel
More informationCapacity Analysis of Multicast Network in Spectrum Sharing Systems
Capacity Analysis of Multicast Network in Spectrum Sharing Systems Jianbo Ji*, Wen Chen*#, Haibin Wan*, and Yong Liu* *Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai,.R, China
More informationA Location-Aware Routing Metric (ALARM) for Multi-Hop, Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks
A Location-Aware Routing Metric (ALARM) for Multi-Hop, Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks Eiman Alotaibi, Sumit Roy Dept. of Electrical Engineering U. Washington Box 352500 Seattle, WA 98195 eman76,roy@ee.washington.edu
More informationMaximum Throughput for a Cognitive Radio Multi-Antenna User with Multiple Primary Users
Maximum Throughput for a Cognitive Radio Multi-Antenna User with Multiple Primary Users Ahmed El Shafie and Tamer Khattab Wireless Intelligent Networks Center (WINC), Nile University, Giza, Egypt. Electrical
More informationSpectral efficiency of Cognitive Radio systems
Spectral efficiency of Cognitive Radio systems Majed Haddad and Aawatif Menouni Hayar Mobile Communications Group, Institut Eurecom, 9 Route des Cretes, B.P. 93, 694 Sophia Antipolis, France Email: majed.haddad@eurecom.fr,
More informationSpectrum Sensing Using OFDM Signal and Cyclostationary Detection Technique In Cognitive Radio
ISSN: 2319-7463, Vol. 5 Issue 4, Aril-216 Spectrum Sensing Using OFDM Signal and Cyclostationary Detection Technique In Cognitive Radio Mudasir Ah Wani 1, Gagandeep Singh 2 1 M.Tech Student, Department
More informationA Multi Armed Bandit Formulation of Cognitive Spectrum Access
000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030 031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040 041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
More informationAn Optical CDMA Random Access Protocol for Multi-rate Optical Networks Adopting Multi-coding Techniques
An Optical CDMA Random Access Protocol for Multi-rate Optical Networks Adopting Multi-coding Techniques Amira M. Shata *, Shimaa A. Mohamed *, Ahmed Abdel Nabi*, and Hossam M. H. Shalaby ** Department
More informationSECONDARY TERRESTRIAL USE OF BROADCASTING SATELLITE SERVICES BELOW 3 GHZ
SECONDARY TERRESTRIAL USE OF BROADCASTING SATELLITE SERVICES BELOW 3 GHZ Marko Höyhtyä VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O.Box 1100, FI-90571 Oulu, Finland marko.hoyhtya@vtt.fi ABSTRACT Secondary
More informationA Quality of Service aware Spectrum Decision for Cognitive Radio Networks
A Quality of Service aware Spectrum Decision for Cognitive Radio Networks 1 Gagandeep Singh, 2 Kishore V. Krishnan Corresponding author* Kishore V. Krishnan, Assistant Professor (Senior) School of Electronics
More informationPerformance Analysis of Cognitive Radio based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing
Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio based on Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Sai kiran pudi 1, T. Syama Sundara 2, Dr. Nimmagadda Padmaja 3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sree
More informationQueuing Theory Systems Analysis in Wireless Networks Mobile Stations with Non-Preemptive Priority
Queuing Theory Systems Analysis in Wireless Networks Mobile Stations with Non-Preemptive Priority Bakary Sylla Senior Systems Design Engineer Radio Access Network T-Mobile Inc. USA & Southern Methodist
More informationHow (Information Theoretically) Optimal Are Distributed Decisions?
How (Information Theoretically) Optimal Are Distributed Decisions? Vaneet Aggarwal Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544. vaggarwa@princeton.edu Salman Avestimehr
More informationReducing Location Registration Cost in Mobile Cellular Networks
Reducing Location Registration Cost in Mobile Cellular Networks Ki Ho Seo and Jang Hyun Baek Mobility management is important in mobile cellular networks. In this study, we considered an enhanced location-based
More informationThroughput-Efficient Dynamic Coalition Formation in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks
Throughput-Efficient Dynamic Coalition Formation in Distributed Cognitive Radio Networks ArticleInfo ArticleID : 1983 ArticleDOI : 10.1155/2010/653913 ArticleCitationID : 653913 ArticleSequenceNumber :
More informationA Secure Transmission of Cognitive Radio Networks through Markov Chain Model
A Secure Transmission of Cognitive Radio Networks through Markov Chain Model Mrs. R. Dayana, J.S. Arjun regional area network (WRAN), which will operate on unused television channels. Assistant Professor,
More informationCycloStationary Detection for Cognitive Radio with Multiple Receivers
CycloStationary Detection for Cognitive Radio with Multiple Receivers Rajarshi Mahapatra, Krusheel M. Satyam Computer Services Ltd. Bangalore, India rajarshim@gmail.com munnangi_krusheel@satyam.com Abstract
More informationLink Models for Circuit Switching
Link Models for Circuit Switching The basis of traffic engineering for telecommunication networks is the Erlang loss function. It basically allows us to determine the amount of telephone traffic that can
More informationFULL-DUPLEX COGNITIVE RADIO: ENHANCING SPECTRUM USAGE MODEL
FULL-DUPLEX COGNITIVE RADIO: ENHANCING SPECTRUM USAGE MODEL Abhinav Lall 1, O. P. Singh 2, Ashish Dixit 3 1,2,3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, ASET. Amity University Lucknow Campus.(India)
More informationOpportunistic Communications under Energy & Delay Constraints
Opportunistic Communications under Energy & Delay Constraints Narayan Mandayam (joint work with Henry Wang) Opportunistic Communications Wireless Data on the Move Intermittent Connectivity Opportunities
More informationScaling Laws of Cognitive Networks
Scaling Laws of Cognitive Networks Invited Paper Mai Vu, 1 Natasha Devroye, 1, Masoud Sharif, and Vahid Tarokh 1 1 Harvard University, e-mail: maivu, ndevroye, vahid @seas.harvard.edu Boston University,
More informationSPECTRUM SENSING METHODS IN COGNITIVE RADIO A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
SPECTRUM SENSING METHODS IN COGNITIVE RADIO A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Bachelor of Technology In Electronics and Communication Engineering Under the
More informationWAVELET AND S-TRANSFORM BASED SPECTRUM SENSING IN COGNITIVE RADIO
WAVELET AND S-TRANSFORM BASED SPECTRUM SENSING IN COGNITIVE RADIO S.Raghave #1, R.Saravanan *2, R.Muthaiah #3 School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613402, India #1 raga.vanaj@gmail.com *2
More informationMulti-Radio Channel Detecting Jamming Attack Against Enhanced Jump-Stay Based Rendezvous in Cognitive Radio Networks
Multi-Radio Channel Detecting Jamming Attack Against Enhanced Jump-Stay Based Rendezvous in Cognitive Radio Networks Yang Gao 1, Zhaoquan Gu 1, Qiang-Sheng Hua 2, Hai Jin 2 1 Institute for Interdisciplinary
More informationCo-Operative Spectrum Sensing In Cognitive Radio Network in ISM Band
Co-Operative Spectrum Sensing In Cognitive Radio Network in ISM Band 1 D.Muthukumaran, 2 S.Omkumar 1 Research Scholar, 2 Associate Professor, ECE Department, SCSVMV University, Kanchipuram ABSTRACT One
More informationCooperative Spectrum Sensing and Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio: A Review
International Journal of Computer Applications in Engineering Sciences [VOL I, ISSUE III, SEPTEMBER 2011] [ISSN: 2231-4946] Cooperative Spectrum Sensing and Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio: A Review
More information