80 GBPS DOWNSTREAM TRANSMISSION USING DQPSK AND 40 GBPS UPSTREAM TRANSMISSION USING IRZ/OOK MODULATION IN BIDIRECTIONAL WDM-PON
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1 International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Technology (IJECET) Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2016, pp , Article ID: IJECET_07_06_009 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication 80 GBPS DOWNSTREAM TRANSMISSION USING DQPSK AND 40 GBPS UPSTREAM TRANSMISSION USING IRZ/OOK MODULATION IN BIDIRECTIONAL WDM-PON B. Das Department of Physics, J. K. College, Purulia, West Bengal India Department of Physics, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India A. S. Das and A. S. Patra* Department of Physics, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia, West Bengal, India *Corresponding Author s ardhendu4u@yahoo.com ABSTRACT We have proposed and demonstrated a bidirectional wavelength-division-multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) architecture based on differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation for downlink and inverse return to zero or on-off keying (IRZ or OOK) modulation for uplink employing precoder in the optical network unit (ONU). In downlink 80 Gbps and in uplink 40 Gbps data rates have been transmitted over long haul single-mode-fiber. The transmission performances of OOK and IRZ modulation schemes for uplink transmission are compared. The impressive eye diagrams and low BER values are obtained from the bit error rate (BER) analyzer. Our proposed system is suitable to transmit high data rates over long-haul fiber link. Key words: WDM-PON, DQPSK, OOK, IRZ. Cite this Article: B. Das, A.S. Das and A.S. Patra, 80 GBPS Downstream Transmission Using DQPSK and 40 GBPS Upstream Transmission Using IRZ/OOK Modulation in Bidirectional WDM-PON, International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp INTRODUCTION Wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) has been considered as the most preferable approach to fulfil the high bandwidth requirement, because this scheme has capability of utilizing high bandwidth in low loss spectral region avoiding inter-channel-interference in the fibre backbone [1,2]. DQPSK format is a multilevel signalling, known for its ability to transmit high data rate as it operates at a lower symbol rate for the same total bit rate with high spectral efficiency that is a need in our modern communication world. Lower symbol rate further enhances the tolerance against chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD) [3]. Recently carrier reuse architecture between Received date: Acceptance date: editor@iaeme.com
2 B. Das, A.S. Das and A.S. Patra downstream and upstream wavelength became a striking solution for low-cost achievement [4-6]. A number of such carrier reuse schemes have been proposed such schemes faces additional stage of data erasure, low spectral efficiency, reduced ER (extinction ratio). In this paper we have proposed and demonstrated bidirectional WDM-PON architecture to transmit 80 Gbps in downlink and 40 Gbps in uplink over a 25 km single-mode-fiber (SMF) employing DQPSK modulation with precoder at optical line terminal (OLT) and OOK/IRZ modulation at optical network unit (ONU). The OOK and IRZ modulation techniques have been employed separately for uplink transmission over a 25 km SMF. The uplink and downlink transmission performances are observed by the bit-error-rate (BER) values and the eye diagrams. The power penalties for OOK and IRZ technique are tabulated and the transmission performances are compared. We have compared the performance of transmission system for IRZ and OOK modulation in uplink employing DQPSK modulation in downlink. 2. SIMULATION SET-UP Figure 1 Block diagram of proposed configuration with OOK signal in upstream. The proposed configuration is shown in figure 1. A CW-laser source of central wavelength nm (193.1 THz) is used as carrier wave and fed into MZM1 for DQPSK modulation. Simultaneously, 10 Gbps data signal is generated by the PRBS signal generator of word length (2 31-1) and NRZ pulse generator. The data signal is precoded by the 4 DPSK precoder and generates two signals of equal data rates with four binary patterns and delivered to the phase modulators MZM1 and MZM2 separately. The modulated signal from MZM1 is fed into MZM2 to get the DQPSK modulation at MZM2 output. Thus the DQPSK data signal has been achieved at the output of MZM2 for one channel. Similarly eight channels of 10 Gbps DQPSK modulated signal have been generated at OLT using alike configuration and fed into 8X1 multiplexer. The multiplexed signal passes through the optical circulator (OC1) to bridge with SMF. Then the signal has transmitted over the 25 km SMF, having dispersion of ps/(nm-km) and reached to the ONU. At the end of the fiber link, the transmitted signal passes through OC2 and demultiplexed into eight channels. Each channel divides into two parts by power splitter. One part fed into DQPSK demodulator and passes through the balanced detector and sends to BER tester for analyzing. Other part is remodulated at MZM3 for OOK modulation. The 5 Gbps data signal has been generated by (2 31-1) PRBS and NRZ pulse generator at subscriber end. It has been remodulates the carrier signal at MZM3 and transmitted to OLT over the same SMF via another mux and OC editor@iaeme.com
3 80 GBPS Downstream Transmission Using DQPSK and 40 GBPS Upstream Transmission Using IRZ/OOK Modulation in Bidirectional WDM-PON The upstream signal is received by the PIN photo detector (PD) and converted into electrical signal at the receiving section at OLT. Then the signal passes through the Bessel low pass filter (LPF) and observed by the BER tester. Figure 2 Block diagram of proposed configuration with IRZ signal in upstream Figure above has shown same architecture with IRZ modulation for the upstream transmission. The 5 Gbps IRZ data signal is generated at the AND gate which has combined the NRZ signal of (2 31-1) PRBS and 5 GHz clock signal, generated by clock generator. Then the signal has remodulated the received data signal at MZM3 and generated the uplink signal which passes through the fiber backbone before received by the PD at the OLT. The signal is analyzed by the BERT after passing through the LPF. Our proposed configuration utilizes eight WDM channels having frequencies of THz to THz with the gape of 0.1THz in uplink and downlink. In the transmitter section the DQPSK outputs are multiplied by 8x1 wavelength division multiplexer and splitted by the 1x8 demultiplexer at the receiver end. Similarly the OOK or IRZ outputs are combined by the 8x1 multiplexer at ONU and splitted by the 1x8 demultiplexer at OLT. The transmission performances of each channel has been observed and analyzed by the BERTs. 3. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS The DQPSK signal is generated employing precoder in the OLT. For serial configuration the precoder operates through following equations and produces I(k) (in-phase) and Q(k) (quadrature -phase) signals [7]. = = After precoding the signal splits up into two signals with four binary patterns (00, 01, 10, 11) for the in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) parts of DQPSK signal corresponding to four phases (0, π/2, π, 3π/2). Through the series configuration of the two phase modulators (MZM 1 & MZM 2 ) we achieve π and π/2 phase difference. At the same symbol rate, DQPSK therefore doubles the total bit rate than DPSK editor@iaeme.com
4 B. Das, A.S. Das and A.S. Patra Figure 3 Signal constellation for DQPSK modulation. Constellation points in diagram shows [7], at least 3-dB higher OSNR for the same BER, but DQPSK is used at half the symbol rate of binary modulation to obtain the same bit rate, thus no OSNR penalty. Figure 4 Graph shows OSNR Vs Log (BER) for two downlink channels. 80 Gbps DQPSK downlink obtained after 8x1 WDM multiplexer in OLT. Fig. 5 (b) and (c) have shown the optical spectrums, achieved for the uplink transmissions for 40 Gbps OOK and IRZ data signal respectively after 8x1 multiplexer in ONU. These spectrums are recorded for B-t-B transmission. The clear diagrams have revealed successful transmission of downlink and uplink signal in our proposed system. (a) (b) (c) Figure 5 (a) optical spectrum for 80 Gbps DQPSK downlink transmission (b) spectrum for 40 Gbps OOK uplink transmission and (c) spectrum for 40 Gbps IRZ uplink transmission editor@iaeme.com
5 80 GBPS Downstream Transmission Using DQPSK and 40 GBPS Upstream Transmission Using IRZ/OOK Modulation in Bidirectional WDM-PON (a) (b) Figure 6 Eye diagrams for downlink transmission for (a) B-t-B and (b) 25 km SMF in channel1 Figure 6 (a) and (b) have shown the eye diagrams for B-t-B and 25 km downlink transmission DQPSK data signal of 10 Gbps. The clear eye openings in two diagrams have revealed that the proposed configuration can transmit the 80 Gbps signal beyond the 25 km SMF. (a) (b) Figure 7 Eye diagrams for (a) B-t-B and (b) 25 km uplink transmission of IRZ data signal in channel1. (a) (b) Figure 8 Eye diagrams for (a) B-t-B and (b) 25 km uplink transmission of OOK data signal in channel1. Figure 7 (a) and (b) have shown the eye diagram for the B-t-B and 25 km uplink transmission of 5 Gbps IRZ data signal in channel 1. Similarly fig. 8 (a) and (b) have revealed the eye diagrams for B-t-B and 25 km uplink transmission of 5 Gbps OOK data signal. These figures have shown the differences of uplink transmission performances between IRZ and OOK data signal. It will be clearly realized by the BER curves obtained for different received power at ONU editor@iaeme.com
6 B. Das, A.S. Das and A.S. Patra Figure 8 Comparison of IRZ and OOK uplink transmissions for (a) B-t-B and (b) 25 km Figure 8 has shown the BER curves for uplink transmission of 5 Gbps OOK and IRZ data signal for B- t-b and 25 km respectively. The power penalty between OOK and IRZ data signals has been observed at the BER of 10-9 order. The power penalties are recorded as 1.8 db for B-t-B and 3.6dB for 25 km uplink transmission. These graphs have shown that the IRZ data signal has 1.8 dbm better performance than the OOK in terms of power consumption, as the received power for IRZ is greater than that for OOK at the same BER value. Hence RBS is reduced in IRZ modulation. Table 1 Comparison of power penalty for different modulation technique Log(BER) IRZ(dBm) OOK(dBm) Table.1. shows quality transmission of data in uplink in terms of log(ber) & power penalty for IRZ and OOK modulation technique. 4. CONCLUSION The clear eye diagrams and low BER values revealed that our proposed configuration has successfully transmitted the 80 Gbps DQPSK signal in downlink and 40 Gbps IRZ/OOK signal in uplink over 25 km SMF. The comparison between the OOK and IRZ transmission performance has been done. IRZ has better performance in terms of power consumption though the power penalty between IRZ and OOK is quiet low at the BER of the order of 10-9 hence RBS mitigation can be better for IRZ. Low power penalty causes better receiver sensitivity. 3 db receiver sensitivity enhancements have been achieved in the proposed architecture. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, Purulia and the Science and Engineering Research Board (Under D.S.T), (S.O SR/FTP/PS-092/2010, DY NO. SERB/F/2863/ ), Govt. of India, for supporting the research works. Funded by DST, Govt. of West Bengal (Memo No; 1154(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/3G-1/2015 dated ) editor@iaeme.com
7 80 GBPS Downstream Transmission Using DQPSK and 40 GBPS Upstream Transmission Using IRZ/OOK Modulation in Bidirectional WDM-PON REFERENCE [1] Frigo,N.J.Lamone,P.P,Magill P.D. et al. A wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network with cost-shared components, Photonics Technology Letters, (6), 1994, J. [2] Das,A.S. and Patra,A.S. Simultaneous Signal Transmission of different data-rates in a DWDM System employing external injection locking technique Journal of Optics and Laser technology, vol. (64), December, pp , [3] Van den Borne.D, Jansen.S.L, Gottwald. E, Schmidt E.D, Khoe.G.D, and de Waardt H. DQPSK modulation for robust optical transmission 2008 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference : [2008 [4] OFC/NFOEC] ; San Diego, CA, February [5] Das,A.S. and Patra,A.S. Bidirectional transmission of 10Gb/s using RSOA Based WDM-PON and optical carrier suppression Journal of Optical Communications. Volume 35, Issue 3, Pages , ISSN (Print) , DOI: /joc , [6] Das, A. S. and Patra, A. S. RSOA Based full-duplex WDM-PON for 20 Gbps transmission in two channel over a long haul SMF using external-modulation scheme Journal of Optical Communications. Volume 36, Issue 3, Pages , ISSN (Print) , DOI: /joc , July [7] Bag B, Das A, Das AS, Patra A.S., A novel low-cost bidirectional mutimedia data transmission using optical fiber in ROF system, International Conference of Fiber Optics and Photonics, 2012, WPo.44. [8] Dirk Van Den Borne, Robust optical transmission systems, Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, [9] Joseph Zacharias, Fincy Mariam Koshy and Vijayakuma r Narayanan, OFDM Modulated Full-Duplex WDM-ROF System. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), 7(4), 2016, pp editor@iaeme.com
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