Weatherdock explains: How does real DSC work in an emergency transmitter?

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1 explains: How does real DSC work in an emergency transmitter? 1 DSC Basics 2 AIS S.A.R.T. & DSC easyrescue-pro 3 DSC closed loop 4 DSC open loop

2 1 DSC Basics DSC is short cut for Digital Selective Call Similar to telephone you can dial VHF radio directly MMSI (Maritime Mobile Service Identity) of the vessel is used Vessel s MMSI is given by national tele-communication authorities DSC is an importent element of the GMDSS emergency chain (Global Maritime Distress Safety System) DSC transmission will be done on channel 70 only Emergency transmitter with DSC functionality has programmed mother ship s MMSI Unit Identification number will be transmitter s MMSI Page 2

3 1 DSC Basics closed loop calling own ship After activation of DSC emergency transmitter (1) As a first alert stage DSC distress call is send to own mother ship only (2) Mother ship has got 5 minutes of time for acknowledgement of this distress call (3) DSC transmitter will give a beep to display acknowledgement to the victim (4) If there is no acknowledgement within 5 minutes from mother ship, the DSC transmitter switches automatically into open loop Page 3

4 1 DSC Basics open loop calling all ships / all stations As a second alert stage called open loop, distress call will be send via VHF channel 70 with victim s current GPS position to all ships and stations By means of relay functionality on an DSC ClassA unit on commercial vessels, the distress call could be forwarded This functionality creates a transmission range of 1000 miles up to a coastal SAR center Acknowledgement of coastal SAR center or DSC ClassA unit takes same way back up to the victim Triggering a DSC distress call in open loop will be an implementation into the official GMDSS emergency chain Page 4

5 CLOSED LOOP message to the own ship CLOSED LOOP message to the own ship OPEN LOOP message to all ships OPEN LOOP message to all ships 1 DSC Basics DSC MOB Alert w/o GPS Position DSC MOB Alert with GPS Position For 30min: After 30 min: every 5min every 10 min a DSC transmission with a 2 min window for acknowledgement Time to fix GPS & time to acknowledge by the own ship 5 min for DSC acknowledge by the own ship (not depending on acknowledge of closed loop without GPS fix!) 2 min for DSC acknowledge by base station or Class A radio 3 min waiting time 2 min for DSC acknowledge by base station or Class A radio Page 5

6 2 AIS S.A.R.T. & DSC easyrescue-pro AIS & DSC two communication systems combined in one unit The easyrescue-pro parallel transmits AIS S.A.R.T. Emergency message AIS channel A+B GPS Position Unit-ID COG and SOG Date & Time Updated every minute DSC distress call UWK-channel 70 GPS Position Unit-ID Time Page 6

7 2 AIS S.A.R.T. & DSC easyrescue-pro AIS & DSC Approvals & Standards AIS S.A.R.T. Functionality DSC Functionality BSH approval SOLAS (IMO MED gelistet) United States FCC United States Coast Guard ITU-R M IEC/EN 60945:2002 IEC/EN , FDIS IEC (2003) Certified as Class D VHF radio unit according to EN Compliance with RTCM Standard Page 7

8 2 AIS S.A.R.T. & DSC easyrescue-pro Technical Data Waterproof up to 10 m depth (IP68) Operating temperature: -20 C 65 C Dimensions: (L) 135 mm * (W) 70 mm * (H) 30 mm Weight: ca. 210 g Battery lifespan: 5 years (according SOLAS without activation, system test only) Service after activation or at least after 5 years (according SOLAS) AIS S.A.R.T. Functionality DSC Funktionalität Transmission power: 2 W Transmission range up to 10nm Battery lifetime after activation: min. 96 hours (AIS mode only) AIS channel A+B Transmission power: 0,5 Watt DSC Frequency: 156,525 Mhz UKW channel 70 Battery lifetime after activation: 24 Stunden (mixed mode with AIS) Page 8

9 2 DSC closed loop + AIS S.A.R.T. (1) Man over Board Transmitter is activated automatically (2) Transmitter gets GPS satellite fix for location determination send out with DSC distress call Page 9

10 2 DSC closed loop + AIS S.A.R.T. (3) Transmission of DSC distress call is done # to own mother ship (MMSI is pre-programmed) # on VHF channel 70 # for 5 minutes # content of distress call + GPS coordinates of the MOB + Unit-ID of Transmitter + Time Page 10

11 2 DSC closed loop + AIS S.A.R.T. (4) Incoming DSC distress call is recognized aboard and acknowledged # Emergency transmitter needs to have internal DSC receiver, to get back the acknowledgement and to display it with a beep to the victim # only this way will be real DSC MINUTES! After reception of the mother ship acknowledgement transmitter will shut down DSC functionality. AIS will keep on running Page 11

12 3 DSC open loop + AIS S.A.R.T. (5) Is there no acknowledgement of mother ship after 5 min, switch into open loop will be done automatically This means calling all ships calling all stations and will be an official part of the GMDSS emergency chain By means of the relay functionality of DSC class A units the distress call could be forwarded by any commercial vessel to coastal SAR center Page 12

13 3 DSC open loop + AIS S.A.R.T. (6) As soon as the acknowledgement is done, it will return back to the victim the same way Transmitter gives victim a beep to display the acknowledgement After acknowledgement is received by the transmitter, the DSC mode will be shut down. AIS mode still keeps on running Page 13

14 DSC Important While buying an emergency transmitter with DSC functionality, please make sure that the device will have also an internal DSC receiver beside the DSC transponder. This will be the only way how a victim could be informed about the distress call acknowledgement. According to given DSC standards, an internal DSC receiver is essential needed to shut down DSC after received acknowledgement for not spaming GMDSS frequencies with unstopable transmitting. A unit without receiver is not allowed for open loop. It never triggers a GMDSS emergency chain and therefore it makes not sense. Please ask for professional consulting before you buy. Page 14

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