Low-Power, 1%-Accurate Battery Monitors in µdfn and SC70 Packages
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1 9-3774; Rev 4; 5/9 Low-Power, %-Accurate Battery General Description The low-power, %-accurate battery monitors are available in the ultra-small µdfn package (.mm x.5mm) and SC7 packages. These low-power devices are ideal for monitoring single lithium-ion (Li+) cells, or multicell alkaline/nicd/nimh power sources. These devices offer single (MAX6775/ MAX6776/MAX6777/MAX6778) or dual (MAX6779/ MAX678/MAX678) low-battery outputs and feature fixed or resistor-adjustable hysteresis. Hysteresis eliminates the output chatter sometimes associated with battery voltage monitors, usually due to input-voltage noise or battery terminal voltage recovery after load removal. These devices are available in several versions: with single- or dual-voltage monitors, and with fixed or adjustable hysteresis. The MAX6775/MAX6776 offer a single battery monitor and factory-set hysteresis of.5%, 5%, or %. The MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678 have two battery monitors in a single package and factory-set hysteresis of.5%, 5%, or %. The MAX6777/ MAX6778 offer a single battery monitor with external inputs for the rising and falling thresholds, allowing external hysteresis control. For convenient interface with system power circuitry or microprocessors, both open-drain and push-pull outputs are available. The single-channel devices are available with open-drain or push-pull outputs. The dual-channel devices are available with both outputs open-drain, both outputs push-pull, or one of each (see the Selector Guide). This family of devices is offered in small 5-pin SC7 and ultra-small 6-pin µdfn packages, and is fully specified over the -4 C to +85 C extended temperature range. Applications Battery-Powered Systems (Single-Cell Li+ or Multicell NiMH, NiCd, Alkaline) Cell Phones/Cordless Phones Pagers Portable Medical Devices PDAs Electronic Toys MP3 Players Features.%-Accurate Threshold Specified Over Temperature Single/Dual, Low-Battery Output Options Low 3µA Battery Current Open-Drain or Push-Pull Low-Battery Outputs Fixed or Adjustable Hysteresis Low-Input Leakage Current Allows Use of Large Resistors Guaranteed Valid Low-Battery-Output Logic State Down to = V Immune to Short Battery Transients Fully Specified from -4 C to +85 C Small 5-Pin SC7 or Ultra-Small 6-Pin µdfn (mm x.5mm) Package 3.6V LBI Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX6775XK_+T -4 C to +85 C 5 SC7 MAX6775LT_+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn MAX6776XK_+T -4 C to +85 C 5 SC7 MAX6776LT_+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn MAX6777XK+T -4 C to +85 C 5 SC7 MAX6777LT+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. +Denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. MAX6775/MAX6776/MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678 are available with factory-trimmed hysteresis. Specify trim by replacing _ with A for.5%, B for 5%, or C for % hysteresis. Typical Operating Circuit MAX6775 IN DC-DC CONVERTER SHDN OUT Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at , or visit Maxim s website at
2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS to...-.3v to +6V LBI, LBL, LBH, LBI, LBI2 to...-.3v to minimum of (( +.3V) and +6V),, 2 to (open-drain)...-.3v to +6V,, 2 to (push-pull)...-.3v to minimum of (( +.3V) and +6V) Input Current (all pins)...2ma Output Current (all pins)...2ma Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +7 C) 5-Pin SC7 (derate 3.mW/ C above +7 C)...247mW 6-Pin µdfn (derate 2.mW C above +7 C)...68mW Junction Temperature...+5 C Storage Temperature Range C to +5 C Lead Temperature (soldering, s)...+3 C ( =.6V to 5.5V, T A = -4 C to +85 C, unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at T A = +25 C.) (Note ) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Operating Voltage Range (Note 2) T A = C to +7 C. 5.5 T A = -4 C to +85 C = 3.7V, no load 4 7 Supply Current I Q =.8V, no load V µa FIXED HYSTERESIS (MAX6775/MAX6776/MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678) LBI, LBI_ Falling Threshold (Note 3).5% hysteresis version V LBIF 5% hysteresis version % hysteresis version V LBI Rising Threshold V LBIR V LBI Input Leakage Current.2V V LBI -.2V na ADJUSTABLE HYSTERESIS (MAX6777/MAX6778) LBL, LBH Threshold =.8V to 5.5V V LBL, LBH Input Leakage Current -.2V V LBL/LBH.2V na 2
3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) ( =.6V to 5.5V, T A = -4 C to +85 C, unless otherwise specified. Typical values are at T A = +25 C.) (Note ) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS LOW-ERY OUTPUTS (,, 2) Propagation Delay t PD V LBI_ + mv to V LBI_ - mv 9 µs Startup Time rising above.6v 3 ms Output Low (Push-Pull or Open-Drain) Output High (Push-Pull ) Output Leakage Current (Open-Drain).2V, I SINK = µa.3 V OL 2.7V, I SINK =.2mA.3 4.5V, I SINK = 3.2mA.3 V OH.6V, I SOURCE = µa 2.7V, I SOURCE = 5µA 4.5V, I SOURCE = 8µA.8 x.8 x.8 x Output not asserted, V _ = 5.5V - + na V V Note : Devices are tested at T A = +25 C and guaranteed by design for T A =T MIN to T MAX, as specified. Note 2: Operating range ensures low-battery output is in the correct state. Minimum battery voltage for electrical specification is.6v. Note 3: The rising threshold is guaranteed to be higher than the falling threshold. (T A = +25 C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics SUPPLY CURRENT (µa) = 5V = 3.6V = 3V SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE = 2.4V =.6V TEMPERATURE ( C) MAX6775 toc PROPAGATION DELAY (µs) PROPAGATION DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE =.6V = 5V mv OVERDRIVE TEMPERATURE ( C) MAX6775 toc2 MAXIMUM TRANSIENT DURATION (µs) MAXIMUM TRANSIENT DURATION vs. THRESHOLD OVERDRIVE OUTPUT ASSERTED ABOVE THIS LINE THRESHOLD OVERDRIVE V TH - V CC (mv) MAX6775 toc3 3
4 (T A = +25 C, unless otherwise noted.) THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (mv) NORMALIZED THRESHOLD VOLTAGES vs. TEMPERATURE, MAX67 A NORMALIZED AT T A = +25 C RISING FALLING TEMPERATURE ( C) MAX6775 toc4 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (mv) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) NORMALIZED THRESHOLD VOLTAGES vs. TEMPERATURE, MAX67 B NORMALIZED AT T A = +25 C RISING FALLING TEMPERATURE ( C) MAX6775 toc5 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (mv) - -2 NORMALIZED THRESHOLD VOLTAGES vs. TEMPERATURE, MAX67 C NORMALIZED AT T A = +25 C FALLING RISING TEMPERATURE ( C) MAX6775 toc6.5.4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SINK CURRENT =.8V = 3.3V MAX6775 toc OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. SOURCE CURRENT = 5.V MAX6775 toc8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V).3.2 = 5.V OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) = 3.3V. 2. =.8V SINK CURRENT (ma) SOURCE CURRENT (ma) 4
5 MAX6775/ MAX6776 MAX6777/ MAX6778 MAX6779/ MAX678/ MAX678 µdfn SC7 µdfn SC7 µdfn NAME FUNCTION Pin Description 2 Reserved. Must be connected to. Do not use as the only connection Ground 3 3 LBI Low-Battery Input. Connect to the resistive divider to set the trip level. Low-Battery Output, Active-Low. When V LBI /V LBL falls below the falling threshold, asserts. deasserts when V LBI /V LBH exceeds the rising threshold voltage. 5 5 N.C. No Connection. Not internally connected Battery Input. Power supply to the device. LBH 3 3 LBL LBI2 3 LBI Rising-Trip-Level Input. Connect to a resistive divider to set the rising trip level. Falling-Trip-Level Input. Connect to a resistive divider to set the falling trip level. Low-Battery Input 2. Connect to a resistive divider to set the trip level. Low-Battery Input. Connect to a resistive divider to set the trip level Low-Battery Output, Active-Low. When V LBI falls below the falling threshold voltage, asserts. deasserts when V LBI exceeds the rising threshold voltage. is push-pull on the MAX6779/MAX678 and open-drain for the MAX678. Low-Battery Output 2, Active-Low. When V LBI2 falls below the falling threshold voltage, 2 asserts. 2 deasserts when V LBI2 exceeds the rising threshold voltage. 2 is open-drain for the MAX678/MAX678 and push-pull for the MAX
6 Detailed Description These battery monitors have an active-low output that asserts when the input falls below a set voltage. They also offer hysteresis for noise immunity, and to remove the possibility of output chatter due to battery terminal voltage recovery after load removal. They are available with one or two monitors per package, with push-pull or open-drain outputs, and with internally set or externally adjustable hysteresis (dual-channel devices offer only internally fixed hysteresis). Figures, 2, and 3 show block diagrams and typical connections. See the Selector Guide for details. Low-Battery Output All devices are offered with either push-pull or opendrain outputs (see the Selector Guide). The MAX678 has one push-pull output and one open-drain output, configured as in Table. On all devices with open-drain outputs an external pullup resistor is required. The open-drain pullup resistor can connect to an external voltage up to +6V, regardless of the voltage at. LBI LBI2 HYSTERESIS CONTROL V REF MAX6779 MAX678 MAX678 2 Table. MAX678 Outputs DEVICE 2 MAX678 Push-Pull Open-Drain Figure 2. Dual-Channel Fixed-Hysteresis Block Diagram R H R L LBI HYSTERESIS CONTROL MAX6775 MAX6776 R H R HYST LBL LBH MAX6777 MAX6778 V REF R L V REF Figure. Single-Channel Fixed-Hysteresis Block Diagram Figure 3. Single-Channel Adjustable-Hysteresis Block Diagram 6
7 The MAX6779, MAX678, and MAX678 monitor two battery levels or two independent voltages. A common application for this type of dual-battery monitor is to use one output as an early warning signal and the other as a dead-battery indicator. Hysteresis Input hysteresis defines two thresholds, separated by a small voltage (the hysteresis voltage), configured so the output asserts when the input falls below the falling threshold, and deasserts only when the input rises above the rising threshold. Figure 4 shows this graphically. Hysteresis removes, or greatly reduces, the possibility of the output changing state in response to noise or battery terminal voltage recovery after load removal. Fixed Hysteresis The MAX6775/MAX6776/MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678 have factory-set hysteresis for ease of use, and reduce component count. For these devices, the absolute hysteresis voltage is a percentage of the internally generated reference. The amount depends on the device option. A devices have.5% hysteresis, B devices have 5% hysteresis, and C devices have % hysteresis. Table 2 presents the threshold voltages for devices with internally fixed hysteresis. MAX6775 MAX6776 Adjustable Hysteresis The MAX6777/MAX6778 offer external hysteresis control through the resistive divider that monitors battery voltage. Figure 3 shows the connections for external hysteresis. See the Calculating an External Hysteresis Resistive Divider section for more information. Applications Information Resistor-Value Selection Choosing the proper external resistors is a balance between accuracy and power use. The input to the voltage monitor, while high impedance, draws a small current, and that current travels through the resistive divider, introducing error. If extremely high resistor values are used, this current introduces significant error. With extremely low resistor values, the error becomes negligible, but the resistive divider draws more power from the battery than necessary and shortens battery life. Figure calculates the optimum value for R H using: RH = ea x V IL where e A is the maximum acceptable absolute resistive divider error (use. for %), is the battery voltage at which should activate, and I L is the worstcase LBI leakage current. For example, with.5% accuracy, a 2.8V battery minimum, and 5nA leakage, R H = 2.8MΩ. Calculate R L using: V LBIR V LBIF V HYST RL = VLBIF VLBIF x RH V t PD t PD where V LBIF is the falling threshold voltage from Table 2. Continuing the above example, select V LBIF =.998V (% hysteresis device) and R L =.8MΩ. Figure 4. Hysteresis Table 2. Typical Falling and Rising Thresholds for MAX6775/MAX6776/MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678 DEVICE OPTION PERCENT HYSTERESIS (%) FALLING THRESHOLD (V LBIF ) (V) RISING THRESHOLD (V LBIR ) (V) HYSTERESIS VOLTAGE (V HYST ) (mv) A B C
8 Calculating an External Hysteresis Resistive Divider Setting the hysteresis externally requires three external resistors, as shown in Figure 3. Select R H using the following formula: ea V _ RISING RH IL where ea is the allowable error due to input leakage current (typically.5 or less), V_RISING is the desired rising threshold, and I L is the worst-case leakage current (5nA). Then calculate R LO (which is the sum of R L and R HYST ): V R R LBI LO = H V _ FALLING VLBI where VLBI is.222v and _FALLING is the desired falling threshold. Calculate R L using: ( ) VLBI RH + RLO RL = V _ RISING and finally, calculate R HYST : RHYST = RLO RL Monitoring a Battery Voltage Higher Than the Allowable For monitoring higher voltages, supply power to that is within the specified supply range, and power the input resistive divider from the high voltage to be monitored. Do not exceed the Absolute Maximum Ratings. Adding External Capacitance to Reduce Noise and Transients If monitoring voltages in a noisy environment, add a bypass capacitor of.µf from to as close as possible to the device. For systems with large transients, additional capacitance may be required. A small capacitor (<nf) from LBI_ to may provide additional noise immunity. Selector Guide PART OUTPUT OUTPUT TYPE HYSTERESIS PIN-PACKAGE MAX6775XK_+T Single Push-Pull Fixed 5 SC7 MAX6775LT_+T Single Push-Pull Fixed 6 µdfn MAX6776XK_+T Single Open-Drain Fixed 5 SC7 MAX6776LT_+T Single Open-Drain Fixed 6 µdfn MAX6777XK+T Single Push-Pull Adjustable 5 SC7 MAX6777LT+T Single Push-Pull Adjustable 6 µdfn MAX6778XK+T Single Open-Drain Adjustable 5 SC7 MAX6778LT+T Single Open-Drain Adjustable 6 µdfn MAX6779LT_+T Dual Push-Pull Fixed 6 µdfn MAX678LT_+T Dual Open-Drain Fixed 6 µdfn MAX678LT_+T Dual Mixed Fixed 6 µdfn 8
9 PART MAX6775XKA+T MAX6775XKB+T MAX6775XKC+T MAX6775LTA+T MAX6775LTB+T MAX6775LTC+T MAX6776XKA+T MAX6776XKB+T MAX6776XKC+T MAX6776LTA+T MAX6776LTB+T MAX6776LTC+T TOP MARK ASA ASB ASC BU BW BX ASJ ASK ASL BY BZ CA PART MAX6777XK+T MAX6777LT+T MAX6778XK+T MAX6778LT+T MAX6779LTA+T MAX6779LTB+T MAX6779LTC+T MAX678LTA+T MAX678LTB+T MAX678LTC+T MAX678LTA+T MAX678LTB+T MAX678LTC+T Top Marks TOP MARK ASD CB ASI CC BL BM BN BO BP BQ BR BS BT Ordering Information (continued) PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX6778XK+T -4 C to +85 C 5 SC7 MAX6778LT+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn MAX6779LT_+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn MAX678LT_+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn MAX678LT_+T -4 C to +85 C 6 µdfn +Denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. T = Tape and reel. MAX6775/MAX6776/MAX6779/MAX678/MAX678 are available with factory-trimmed hysteresis. Specify trim by replacing _ with A for.5%, B for 5%, or C for % hysteresis. PROCESS: BICMOS Chip Information 9
10 TOP VIEW LBH 2 LBI MAX6775 MAX SC7 6 N.C N.C MAX6775 MAX6776 μdfn Pin Configurations 6 4 LBI LBL 2 MAX6777 MAX MAX6777 MAX MAX6779 MAX678 MAX SC7 LBH μdfn LBL LBI2 μdfn LBI Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 5 SC7 X µdfn L6-2-47
11 REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION Revision History PAGES CHANGED 4 5/9 Updated Calculating an External Hysteresis Resistive Divider section 8 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. Maxim Integrated Products, 2 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Heaney
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19-3474; Rev 2; 8/07 Silicon Oscillator with Low-Power General Description The dual-speed silicon oscillator with reset is a replacement for ceramic resonators, crystals, crystal oscillator modules, and
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19-1617; Rev 2; 11/03 Resistor-Programmable General Description The are fully integrated, resistorprogrammable temperature switches with thresholds set by an external resistor. They require only one external
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