10 GHz Microwave Link
|
|
- Samantha McGee
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1
2 10 GHz Microwave Link Project Project Objectives System System Functionality Testing Testing Procedures Cautions and Warnings Problems Encountered Recommendations Conclusion
3 PROJECT OBJECTIVES Implement a 10 GHz Wireless Communication Link Test the functionality of the link Implement it in an 10 Mbps Ethernet Network
4 SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY System acts as a pair of wireless transceivers using Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCOs) VCOs used are MACOM MA87728-MO1 MO1 Gunnplexer Units VCOs directly generate FM waves while being controlled by DC voltages
5 SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY During transmission, VCO acts as an FM carrier During reception, VCO acts as a local oscillator Both transmission and reception cannot be done simultaneously
6 SIGNAL TRANSMISSION Before applying a modulating signal to the VCO, it must be made to be compatible For this application, level shifting and amplification must be performed Signal is then transmitted out an X-X band waveguide opening
7 SIGNAL RECEPTION VCO acts as a local oscillator Frequency of VCO must be 145 MHz away from the frequency of the transmitter FM signal is thus mixed down to 145 MHz
8 SIGNAL RECEPTION To recover original signal, IF signal must be demodulated Since the carrier frequency is reduced to 145 MHz, standard FM circuit components can be used Recovered signal must still be level shifted and amplified to reverse what is done in transmission
9 VCO UNITS Also called Gunnplexers Consist of 3 diodes and a resonant cavity Resonant cavity is where electric field is produced and emitted
10 VCO UNITS Gunn diode creates carrier signal Varactor (PIN) diode takes in modulating signal Mixer (Schottky) diode produces mixed down output using Gunn signal as local oscillator
11 ANTENNA DESIGN Horn antennas are ideal for the experiment Reflector antennas could be interesting for increased range Standard 10 db horns used for initial setup
12 ANTENNA DESIGN A cutout of a 15 db horn is provided Has not been used as of yet Higher gain antennas could be designed if need be
13 ATTENUATION CONSIDERATIONS It is desired to know how much attenuation is needed over a given distance Knowing the gain of the antennas and the wavelength of the signal as well as the distance, attenuation can be determined
14 ATTENUATION CONSIDERATIONS This is done using Friis free space transmission equation P r P t = G G t r 4 λ o πr 2
15 ATTENUATION CONSIDERATIONS For a distance of 100 meters, a frequency of approximately 10 GHz (wavelength is about 3cm) and 10 db antennas on either end: Friis says that the attenuation is db
16 TESTING PROCEDURES The project which we began came with certain testing procedures. Our system differs from the original. We therefore came up with some alternate testing methods which will briefly be discussed.
17 Calibrating the Gunns The VCOs are the first component of the system that is tested. The transceiver modules are currently being repaired. Upon return they should be calibrated. This is an extremely vulnerable part of the testing, since the mixer diodes on the Gunns are very sensitive to shock, static charge etc. There is a certain procedure to this. However, beforehand a test must be performed to ensure that the Gunnplexers are in working order.
18 Ensuring that the Mixer Diodes are Functional The detector diodes are very sensitive, and in general they should not be closer than one meter from one another. Diode readings should be taken. Specified measurements can then be compared to designated values to see if the diodes are damaged and need to be replaced.
19 Calibrating the Gunn Frequency There are three methods to perform the Gunn calibration. Any one of the three can be used.
20 Method 1 Using a Spectrum Analyzer. If one is available: Using the microwave spectrum analyzer, the screw of the first Gunnplexer is tuned to GHz, and the other Gunnplexer is tuned to GHz.
21 Method 2 Using an Oscilloscope If a spectrum analyzer is not available to perform the tests, calibration can be done in the following manner. The two Gunnplexers are placed at least one meter from one another with their apertures facing one another. Using an oscilloscope, measurements are taken until 145 MHz can be read off the mixer diode. A 10X probe will work better at picking up a signal since it is a better match to the impedance of the Gunnplexers.
22 Method 3 Using a Voltmeter. If a 145 MHz frequency generator can be obtained: the FSK demodulator circuitry should be aligned first. The mixer diode is connected to the test point of the demodulator assembly. If all was done correctly to date, a zero volt reading across pins 4 & 5 of the chip indicates 145 MHz.
23 FSK Demodulator Calibration The FSK demodulator is a circuit that takes in a 145 MHz signal from the mixer diode of the Gunnplexer and extracts an amplified, level shifted version of the desired Ethernet signal. Our circuit contains a fixed inductor. Thus we can only verify that this circuit is working properly, unless the inductor is changed for the tunable type There are several models of tunable inductors that we found and have included in the project document.
24 FSK Demodulator calibration A test signal emulating the Ethernet signal is needed Given the fact that the overall bandwidth of the 145 MHz signal is 40 MHz and the fact that the carried signal is 10 MHz, the sensitivity can be determined. This sensitivity is used to simulate a modulated signal.
25 FSK Demodulator calibration A signal that is 10 MHz that has 500mV peak to peak is taken as a test signal. It is passed to the two AUI input pins on the FSK modulator circuit board. From the pin that says To Varactor, It should be verified on an oscilloscope that the signal at that point is a level shifted, amplified version of the original signal. Using a stand alone FM generator, this test signal is modulated on 145 MHz
26 FSK Demodulator calibration On a spectrum analyzer the carrier should be centered at 145 MHz, with the lower end at 125 MHz and the upper end at 165 MHz. The signal must be applied to the pin labeled From Mixer. The output of the FSK Demodulator circuit should be tested on an oscilloscope. If the original test signal reappears then the FSK Demodulator is working properly.
27 Modulation Using the Gunn Diodes If demodulation is not occurring as expected, the inductor will have to be replaced with a tunable one The tunable inductor must be tuned until a 0V difference across pins 4 & 5 of the MC13155 is reached. If the circuits have covers, the cover of the circuit board should be installed and it should be verified that the values don t t change with the cover on. If they do change, compensate the inductor accordingly. This is similar to preloading the tank circuit with extra inductance.
28 FSK Modulator Deviation Adjustment The gain of the modulator is 3.6. This can be verified by testing the peak to peak output of a known input signal. This step has been completed but should be repeated to be thorough. Repeat the FSK modulation test with an actual Ethernet signal once one is available.
29 Enclosure of Power Supplies Before any testing should be done, metallic enclosures should be purchased for the circuits. These enclosures should not contain free wires and there should be bypass capacitors at their entrance points to block out any potential noise.
30 Finishing up Testing Make sure any testing equipment needed is promptly located and reserved The testing should be done with the confidence that a working system is ultimately going to be achieved. As the link is connected the test stages should be repeated to ensure continuous functionality
31 Cautions and Warnings Gunnplexers Use appropriate voltage polarity (+8V 10mW; -8V 100mW) Secure shorting strap between mixer and ground when not in use Avoid using waveguides as transmitting medium
32 Cautions and Warnings Circuitry If using polarized capacitors, verify that they are installed correctly RF Amplifiers may be damaged from when they were mounted.
33 Problems Encountered Damaged Mixer Diodes Initial testing through an attenuated waveguide produced no results Diode tests on mixer diodes showed they had been damaged Initial supplier of Gunnplexers could not furnish replacement diodes Found alternate MA-COM supplier Shipped Gunnplexers to be repaired
34 Problems Encountered Lack of Test Equipment Basic lab equipment useless for RF Had trouble getting RF quality test equipment 10 MHz signal generator Functional FM signal generator Oscilloscope with at least 145 MHz bandwidth Received a Tektronix 300 MHz scope Had to make a 10 MHz source using a crystal
35 Problems Encountered Components Mounted Incorrectly Testing of FSK Modulator section resulted in smoking component Cause: Polarized capacitor mounted backwards Problem not isolated to this sub circuit
36 Problems Encountered Noise and RF Interference Initially hypothesized that PCB will attract noise Hypothesis proven to be true Ground plane picking up interference Presence of noise may disrupt signal Causing distortion of waveform Resulting in an unrecoverable signal Solution #1: Cut PCB s and place in aluminum enclosures Solution #2: Restart design of circuitry implementation
37 Problems Encountered Little Documentation on PCBs No clear labels on any connector pads Had trace through circuitry to determine proper connections Connector have been labeled with a permanent marker No indication on the type of connectors to be used
38 Problems Encountered AUI Network Cards Difficult to find One available in H-847H May be able to find another one elsewhere in the school
39 PROJECT TIMELINE
40 RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The two main PCB s s should be made into the three smaller ones contained within it. After being cut they should be mounted in a metal enclosure similar to Hammond Diecast Aluminum 1590 series enclosures. Purpose? Doing this would be to reduce noise picked up by the system. Perhaps LEDs could be added to indicate that each voltage bus is on and working properly.
41 RECOMMENDATIONS 2. The power supplies could be placed in an enclosure that has some form of ventilation to keep the regulators cool. Use cheaper plastic enclosures that are also available from Hammond. 3. Decoupling capacitors should be added to all power components both at the point where the power cable exits the power supply and where it enters any sealed box containing circuitry. The decoupling capacitors on the sealed boxes would eliminate any potential RF noise that may enter the box
42 RECOMMENDATIONS 4. Build horn antennas to the specifications that were presented in this report. If necessary modify the design. A horn can be built with aluminum sheeting or an easier way is to male it with cardboard and cover it in aluminum foil.
43 RECOMMENDATIONS 5. It would be a good idea to use reflectors to try to maximize range. Standard reflectors should be readily available. Horn antennas should thus be designed to act as good feeds for the reflectors. This should take into account the aperture of the reflector as well as its focal point
44 RECOMMENDATIONS 6. The Gunnplexer s s Gunn diode could be upgraded from the 10 mw to the 100 mw model. This will further increase the range of the system by increasing the transmit power. CAUTION should be taken to ensure that they are mounted properly, that is backwards, so that the main connector will now require -8V instead of +8V
45 RECOMMENDATIONS 7. All necessary test equipment discussed in this report should be requested as early as possible. This is to enable the department plenty of time to process and grant the request for any given equipment. Also, should there be a problem; it could be dealt with earlier.
46 CONCLUSION Despite the fact that the microwave link system is not complete, much progress has been made to it. No additional hardware needs to be installed and, in theory, all the necessary test equipment should be available. If all goes well, very little work should need to be done to get the microwave link operational and, should anyone try to pursue this project, the probability of them achieving success is relatively high.
47 THANK YOU
Exercise 1: RF Stage, Mixer, and IF Filter
SSB Reception Analog Communications Exercise 1: RF Stage, Mixer, and IF Filter EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION On the circuit board, you will set up the SSB transmitter to transmit a 1000 khz SSB signal
More information433MHz front-end with the SA601 or SA620
433MHz front-end with the SA60 or SA620 AN9502 Author: Rob Bouwer ABSTRACT Although designed for GHz, the SA60 and SA620 can also be used in the 433MHz ISM band. The SA60 performs amplification of the
More informationThe Discussion of this exercise covers the following points:
Exercise 3-2 Frequency-Modulated CW Radar EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be familiar with FM ranging using frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FM-CW) radar. DISCUSSION
More informationMICROWAVE MICROWAVE TRAINING BENCH COMPONENT SPECIFICATIONS:
Microwave section consists of Basic Microwave Training Bench, Advance Microwave Training Bench and Microwave Communication Training System. Microwave Training System is used to study all the concepts of
More informationReceiver Design. Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21
Receiver Design Prof. Tzong-Lin Wu EMC Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University 2011/2/21 MW & RF Design / Prof. T. -L. Wu 1 The receiver mush be very sensitive to -110dBm
More informationALX-SSB 5 Band Filter Assembly Manual 19 November 2018
ALX-SSB 5 Band Filter Assembly Manual 19 November 2018 Contents Theory of Operation:... 1 Figure 1... 2 Parts Included:... 4 Board Overview:... 5 Figure 2... 5 Figure 3... 5 Board Assembly:... 6 Cable
More informationWeek 8 AM Modulation and the AM Receiver
Week 8 AM Modulation and the AM Receiver The concept of modulation and radio transmission is introduced. An AM receiver is studied and the constructed on the prototyping board. The operation of the AM
More informationRange Considerations for RF Networks
TI Technology Days 2010 Range Considerations for RF Networks Richard Wallace Abstract The antenna can be one of the most daunting components of wireless designs. Most information available relates to large
More informationOverview of the MSA 12/30/10
Overview of the MSA 12/30/10 Introduction The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of the capabilities and construction of the MSA to help potential builders get oriented. Much more detailed
More informationCOMM 704: Communication Systems
COMM 704: Communication Lecture 1: Introduction Dr. Mohamed Abd El Ghany, Mohamed.abdel-ghany@guc.edu.eg Course Objective Give an introduction to the basic concepts of electronic communication systems
More informationAN1995 Evaluating the SA605 SO and SSOP demo-board
RF COMMUNICATIONS PRODUCTS Evaluating the SA605 SO and SSOP demo-board Alvin K. Wong 997 Oct 9 Philips Semiconductors Author: Alvin K. Wong INTRODUCTION With the increasing demand for smaller and lighter
More informationExercise 4. Angle Tracking Techniques EXERCISE OBJECTIVE
Exercise 4 Angle Tracking Techniques EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be familiar with the principles of the following angle tracking techniques: lobe switching, conical
More informationANALOG COMMUNICATION
ANALOG COMMUNICATION TRAINING LAB Analog Communication Training Lab consists of six kits, one each for Modulation (ACL-01), Demodulation (ACL-02), Modulation (ACL-03), Demodulation (ACL-04), Noise power
More informationAntenna Matching Within an Enclosure Part II: Practical Techniques and Guidelines
Antenna Matching Within an Enclosure Part II: Practical Techniques and Guidelines By Johnny Lienau, RF Engineer June 2012 Antenna selection and placement can be a difficult task, and the challenges of
More information6.101 Project Proposal April 9, 2014 Kayla Esquivel and Jason Yang. General Outline
6.101 Project Proposal April 9, 2014 Kayla Esquivel and Jason Yang General Outline We will build a superheterodyne AM Radio Receiver circuit that will have a bandwidth of the entire AM spectrum, and whose
More informationExercise 1-3. Radar Antennas EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE DISCUSSION OF FUNDAMENTALS. Antenna types
Exercise 1-3 Radar Antennas EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be familiar with the role of the antenna in a radar system. You will also be familiar with the intrinsic characteristics
More informationAMPLIFIERS, ANTENNAS, MULTIPLIERS, SOURCES, WAVEGUIDE PRODUCTS MILLIMETER-WAVE COMPONENTS FERRITE PRODUCTS AND SUB-SYSTEMS
AMPLIFIERS, ANTENNAS, MULTIPLIERS, SOURCES, WAVEGUIDE PRODUCTS MILLIMETER-WAVE COMPONENTS FERRITE PRODUCTS AND SUB-SYSTEMS 766 San Aleso Avenue, Sunnyvale, C A 94085 Tel. (408) 541-9226, Fax (408) 541-9229
More informationINVENTION DISCLOSURE- ELECTRONICS SUBJECT MATTER IMPEDANCE MATCHING ANTENNA-INTEGRATED HIGH-EFFICIENCY ENERGY HARVESTING CIRCUIT
INVENTION DISCLOSURE- ELECTRONICS SUBJECT MATTER IMPEDANCE MATCHING ANTENNA-INTEGRATED HIGH-EFFICIENCY ENERGY HARVESTING CIRCUIT ABSTRACT: This paper describes the design of a high-efficiency energy harvesting
More informationTransmission lines. Characteristics Applications Connectors
Transmission lines Characteristics Applications Connectors Transmission Lines Connect They allow us to conduct RF Signals between our station components, they connect: Transceivers Antennas Tuners Amplifiers
More informationLNB and its ham radio usage
http://ea4eoz.blogspot.gr/2012/09/lnb-and-its-ham-radio-usage.html LNB and its ham radio usage The letters LNB means Low Noise Block, but we must call it LNC, this is Low Noise Converter, because a LNB
More informationMicrowave Variable-Frequency Measurements and Applications
Telecommunications Microwave Variable-Frequency Measurements and Applications Courseware Sample 39974-F0 Order no.: 39974-00 First Edition Revision level: 02/2015 By the staff of Festo Didactic Festo Didactic
More informationSPECIFICATIONS: Subcarrier Frequency 5.5MHz adjustable, FM Modulated +/- 50KHz. 2nd 11MHz >40dB down from 5.5MHz
Mini-kits AUDIO / SUBCARRIER KIT EME75 Version4 SPECIFICATIONS: Subcarrier Frequency 5.5MHz adjustable, FM Modulated +/- 50KHz Subcarrier Output 1.5v p-p Output @ 5.5MHz DESCRIPTION & FEATURES: The Notes
More informationTechnician Licensing Class. Lesson 4. presented by the Arlington Radio Public Service Club Arlington County, Virginia
Technician Licensing Class Lesson 4 presented by the Arlington Radio Public Service Club Arlington County, Virginia 1 Quiz Sub elements T6 & T7 2 Good Engineering Practice Sub element T8 3 A Basic Station
More informationKULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING
KULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION LABORATORY (ECE 4103) EXPERIMENT NO 3 RADIATION PATTERN AND GAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISH (PARABOLIC)
More information7. Experiment K: Wave Propagation
7. Experiment K: Wave Propagation This laboratory will be based upon observing standing waves in three different ways, through coaxial cables, in free space and in a waveguide. You will also observe some
More informationand GHz. ECE Radiometer. Technical Description and User Manual
E-mail: sales@elva-1.com http://www.elva-1.com 26.5-40 and 76.5-90 GHz ECE Radiometer Technical Description and User Manual November 2008 Contents 1. Introduction... 3 2. Parameters and specifications...
More informationList of Figures. Sr. no.
List of Figures Sr. no. Topic No. Topic 1 1.3.1 Angle Modulation Graphs 11 2 2.1 Resistor 13 3 3.1 Block Diagram of The FM Transmitter 15 4 4.2 Basic Diagram of FM Transmitter 17 5 4.3 Circuit Diagram
More informationKeywords: ISM, RF, transmitter, short-range, RFIC, switching power amplifier, ETSI
Maxim > Design Support > Technical Documents > Application Notes > Wireless and RF > APP 4929 Keywords: ISM, RF, transmitter, short-range, RFIC, switching power amplifier, ETSI APPLICATION NOTE 4929 Adapting
More informationDEM Part Number L144-28INTCK 144 MHz Transverter Kit and complete kit
DEM Part Number L144-28INTCK 144 MHz Transverter Kit and complete kit Power Out: Noise Figure and Gain: DC Power Requirement: 50 mw linear minimum 3.5 db NF nominal, 5 dbg maximum 12-15.5 VDC, 13.8 nominal
More informationAgilent AN 1275 Automatic Frequency Settling Time Measurement Speeds Time-to-Market for RF Designs
Agilent AN 1275 Automatic Frequency Settling Time Measurement Speeds Time-to-Market for RF Designs Application Note Fast, accurate synthesizer switching and settling are key performance requirements in
More informationComplete your carrier-current audio system with an AM or FA4 receiver:
r LAST MONTH WE WENT OVER the operating theory of a carrier-current transmitter, and then showed you how to build one. Now we will describe two receivers that can be used with that transmitter. One receiver
More informationFREQUENCY AGILE FM MODULATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK IB
FMT615C FREQUENCY AGILE FM MODULATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK IB1215-02 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION SUBJECT 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Installation & Operating Instructions 3.0 Specification 4.0 Functional Description
More information1. General Outline Project Proposal April 9, 2014 Kayla Esquivel and Jason Yang
1. General Outline 6.101 Project Proposal April 9, 2014 Kayla Esquivel and Jason Yang The invention and mass application of radio broadcast was triggered in the first decade of the nineteenth century by
More informationDinesh Micro Waves & Electronics
MICROWAVE TRAINING KITS Dinesh Microwaves and Electronics manufacturers of three centimeter waveguidetraining system to provide users an in depth training on microwave waveguide device. The training kit
More informationMAHAVEER INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. Microwave and Digital Communications Lab. Department Of Electronics and Communication Engineering
MAHAVEER INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Microwave and Digital Communications Lab Department Of Electronics and Communication Engineering MICROWAVE ENGINEERING LAB List of Experiments: 1.Reflex Klystron
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION OF HYBRID CIRCUITS FOR MICROWAVE RADIO LINKS
Electrocomponent Science and Technology 1977, Vol. 4, pp. 79-83 (C)Gordon and Breach Science Publishers Ltd., 1977 Printed in Great Britain DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION OF HYBRID CIRCUITS FOR MICROWAVE RADIO
More informationApplications Note RF Transmitter and Antenna Design Hints
This application note covers the TH7107,TH71071,TH71072,TH7108,TH71081,TH72011,TH72031,TH7204 Single Frequency Transmitters. These transmitters have different features and cover different bands but they
More informationM302RM OPERATING MANUAL
M302RM OPERATING MANUAL The Model 302RM is a Linear, high voltage, differential amplifier designed to drive a capacitive load such as Conoptics 350, 360, 370 series E.O. modulators. The amplifier is DC
More informationMultilayer chip antenna application guide
1. introduction Shenzhen Sunlord electronics Co. LTD Multilayer chip antenna application guide The chip antenna series is designed for the applications of ISM band 2.4GHz and CMMB, just like as Bluetooth
More informationPART MAX2605EUT-T MAX2606EUT-T MAX2607EUT-T MAX2608EUT-T MAX2609EUT-T TOP VIEW IND GND. Maxim Integrated Products 1
19-1673; Rev 0a; 4/02 EVALUATION KIT MANUAL AVAILABLE 45MHz to 650MHz, Integrated IF General Description The are compact, high-performance intermediate-frequency (IF) voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs)
More informationCHAPTER - 6 PIN DIODE CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
CHAPTER - 6 PIN DIODE CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS 2 NOTES 3 INTRODUCTION PIN DIODE CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS Chapter 6 discusses PIN Control Circuits
More informationATV Modulator User Manual
ATV Modulator User Manual FMTV Modulator by Grant ZL1WTT & Keith ZL1BQE 20 February 2004 Page 1 Display board layout The controller consists of a 2x 16 LCD display with three push buttons and a rotary
More informationAgilent 8902A Measuring Receiver
Agilent 8902A Measuring Receiver Technical Specifications Agilent 11722A Sensor Module Agilent 11792A Sensor Module Agilent 11793A Microwave Converter Agilent 11812A Verification Kit The Agilent Technologies
More informationTechnician License Course Chapter 3 Types of Radios and Radio Circuits. Module 7
Technician License Course Chapter 3 Types of Radios and Radio Circuits Module 7 Radio Block Diagrams Radio Circuits can be shown as functional blocks connected together. Knowing the description of common
More informationHigh performance low power mixer FM IF system
DESCRIPTION The is a high performance monolithic low-power FM IF system incorporating a mixer/oscillator, two limiting intermediate frequency amplifiers, quadrature detector, muting, logarithmic received
More informationMicrowave Circuit Design and Measurements Lab. INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS: DETECTION OF RF POWER AND STANDING WAVES Lab #2
EE 458/558 Microwave Circuit Design and Measurements Lab INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS: DETECTION OF RF POWER AND STANDING WAVES Lab #2 The purpose of this lab is to gain a basic understanding
More informationOBJECTIVES EQUIPMENT LIST
1 Reception of Amplitude Modulated Signals AM Demodulation OBJECTIVES The purpose of this experiment is to show how the amplitude-modulated signals are demodulated to obtain the original signal. Also,
More informationExercise 2: Demodulation (Quadrature Detector)
Analog Communications Angle Modulation and Demodulation Exercise 2: Demodulation (Quadrature Detector) EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be able to explain demodulation
More informationFMR622S DUAL NARROW BAND SLIDING DE-EMPHASIS DEMODULATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK IB
FMR622S DUAL NARROW BAND SLIDING DE-EMPHASIS DEMODULATOR INSTRUCTION BOOK IB 1222-22 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 INSTALLATION & OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3.0 SPECIFICATIONS 4.0 FUNCTIONAL
More informationDhanalakshmi College of Engineering Department of ECE EC6701 RF and Microwave Engineering Unit 5 Microwave Measurements Part A
Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering Department of ECE EC6701 RF and Microwave Engineering Unit 5 Microwave Measurements Part A 1. What is the principle by which high power measurements could be done by
More informationUnderstanding RF and Microwave Analysis Basics
Understanding RF and Microwave Analysis Basics Kimberly Cassacia Product Line Brand Manager Keysight Technologies Agenda µw Analysis Basics Page 2 RF Signal Analyzer Overview & Basic Settings Overview
More informationLecture 16 Microwave Detector and Switching Diodes
Basic Building Blocks of Microwave Engineering Prof. Amitabha Bhattacharya Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture 16 Microwave Detector
More informationMICROWAVE AND RADAR LAB (EE-322-F) LAB MANUAL VI SEMESTER
1 MICROWAVE AND RADAR LAB (EE-322-F) MICROWAVE AND RADAR LAB (EE-322-F) LAB MANUAL VI SEMESTER RAO PAHALD SINGH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BALANA(MOHINDERGARH)123029 Department Of Electronics and Communication
More informationImproving CDM Measurements With Frequency Domain Specifications
Improving CDM Measurements With Frequency Domain Specifications Jon Barth (1), Leo G. Henry Ph.D (2), John Richner (1) (1) Barth Electronics, Inc, 1589 Foothill Drive, Boulder City, NV 89005 USA tel.:
More informationAgilent 8360B/8360L Series Synthesized Swept Signal/CW Generators 10 MHz to 110 GHz
Agilent 8360B/8360L Series Synthesized Swept Signal/CW Generators 10 MHz to 110 GHz ity. l i t a ers V. n isio c e r P. y t i l i ib Flex 2 Agilent 8360 Synthesized Swept Signal and CW Generator Family
More informationTopic Advanced Radio Receivers. Explain that an RF amplifier can be used to improve sensitivity;
Learning Objectives: At the end of this topic you will be able to; Explain that an RF amplifier can be used to improve sensitivity; Explain that a superheterodyne receiver offers improved selectivity and
More informationDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL BULLETIN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR SHF SIGNAL GENERATOR AN/USM-47 (HEWLETT-PACKARD MODEL 626A) (NSN )
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY TECHNICAL BULLETIN CALIBRATION PROCEDURE FOR SHF SIGNAL GENERATOR AN/USM-47 (HEWLETT-PACKARD MODEL 626A) (NSN 6625-00-455-6917) Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington,
More informationOverview of experiments and projects
Overview of experiments and projects Pathways: Experiments Experiment EE ECE Media Eng D: Op Amps 1 1 F: Digital Communications 1 1 1 S: Pulses and Bandwidth 1 J: Transformers 1 K: Wave Propagation 1 Software
More informationExercise 1-4. The Radar Equation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE DISCUSSION OF FUNDAMENTALS
Exercise 1-4 The Radar Equation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be familiar with the different parameters in the radar equation, and with the interaction between these
More informationCubic Astro 103 Restoration Notes
Cubic Astro 103 Restoration Notes W7CPA February 2016 I restored a Cubic Astro 103 a few years ago and have enjoyed operating it for years. It s a very nice geezer wireless and the last amateur radio product
More informationEVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE 10MHz to 1050MHz Integrated RF Oscillator with Buffered Outputs. Typical Operating Circuit. 10nH 1000pF MAX2620 BIAS SUPPLY
19-1248; Rev 1; 5/98 EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE 10MHz to 1050MHz Integrated General Description The combines a low-noise oscillator with two output buffers in a low-cost, plastic surface-mount, ultra-small
More informationEMC Near-field Probes + Wideband Amplifier
1 Introduction The H20, H10, H5 and E5 are magnetic field (H) and electric field (E) probes for radiated emissions EMC precompliance measurements. The probes are used in the near field of sources of electromagnetic
More informationLRL Model 550B-SS Microwave Training Kit
MICROWAVES FOR EVERYONE LRL Model 550B-SS Microwave Training Kit Microwave Training Kit 5 Experiments I-95 Industrial Park 651 Winks Lane Bensalem, PA 1900 800.53.399 15.638.1100 3rd edition INITIAL SET-UP
More informationQM Radio Transmitter Module
Features Miniature SIL Package Unique QM (Quasi AM/FM) Design Data Rates Up To 10kbits/S Optimal Range 200m 433.92 / 868 / 916.5 MHz Versions Saw Stabilised Quasi AM/FM Transmission 3 To 9 Volt Supply
More informationUNIT-3. Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation
UNIT-3 1. Draw the Block Schematic of AF Wave analyzer and explain its principle and Working? ANS: The wave analyzer consists of a very narrow pass-band filter section which can Be tuned to a particular
More information12kHz LIF Converter V2.43 9Mhz version
12kHz LIF Converter V2.43 9Mhz version Please Note: This document supersedes all previously released documents and drawings on the LIF subject. This is the latest and most up-to-date document at this time.
More informationExercise 2: FM Detection With a PLL
Phase-Locked Loop Analog Communications Exercise 2: FM Detection With a PLL EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be able to explain how the phase detector s input frequencies
More informationMAX1002/MAX1003 Evaluation Kits
9-50; Rev 0; 6/97 MAX00/MAX00 Evaluation Kits General Description The MAX00/MAX00 evaluation kits (EV kits) simplify evaluation of the 60Msps MAX00 and 90Msps MAX00 dual, 6-bit analog-to-digital converters
More informationExperiment 19. Microwave Optics 1
Experiment 19 Microwave Optics 1 1. Introduction Optical phenomena may be studied at microwave frequencies. Using a three centimeter microwave wavelength transforms the scale of the experiment. Microns
More informationExperiment-4 Study of the characteristics of the Klystron tube
Experiment-4 Study of the characteristics of the Klystron tube OBJECTIVE To study the characteristics of the reflex Klystron tube and to determine the its electronic tuning range EQUIPMENTS Klystron power
More informationChapter-15. Communication systems -1 mark Questions
Chapter-15 Communication systems -1 mark Questions 1) What are the three main units of a Communication System? 2) What is meant by Bandwidth of transmission? 3) What is a transducer? Give an example. 4)
More informationHAMTRONICS TB901 FM EXCITER INSTALLATION, OPERATION, & MAINTENANCE
HAMTRONICS TB901 FM EXCITER INSTALLATION, OPERATION, & MAINTENANCE GENERAL INFORMATION. The TB901 is a single-channel low power fm transmitter (exciter) designed to provide 300-600 milliwatts continuous
More informationPAMS. User s Manual. Portable Attenuation Measurement System. The solution for making easy shielding effectiveness measurements.
PAMS Portable Attenuation Measurement System User s Manual The solution for making easy shielding effectiveness measurements. 310-010042-001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Warranty Statement 1 Chapter 1 General Information
More informationApplication Note 5525
Using the Wafer Scale Packaged Detector in 2 to 6 GHz Applications Application Note 5525 Introduction The is a broadband directional coupler with integrated temperature compensated detector designed for
More information2m Weak Signal Sources January 2018
2m Weak Signal Sources January 2018 Rick Campbell This white paper describes a set of signal sources at power levels from -30dBm to +12dBm in the 144 MHz amateur radio band. All are legal for direct connection
More informationAgilent 8703B Lightwave Component Analyzer Technical Specifications. 50 MHz to GHz modulation bandwidth
Agilent 8703B Lightwave Component Analyzer Technical Specifications 50 MHz to 20.05 GHz modulation bandwidth 2 The 8703B lightwave component analyzer is a unique, general-purpose instrument for testing
More informationRadio Receivers. Al Penney VO1NO
Radio Receivers Al Penney VO1NO Role of the Receiver The Antenna must capture the radio wave. The desired frequency must be selected from all the EM waves captured by the antenna. The selected signal is
More informationThe 144MHz Anglian 3 transverter
The 144MHz Anglian 3 transverter A high performance 144/28MHz transverter G4DDK document issue 1 12/9/16 Introduction Anglian 3 is an update to the 144MHz Anglian 2 transverter. The Anglian 2 is no longer
More informationA 7ns, 6mA, Single-Supply Comparator Fabricated on Linear s 6GHz Complementary Bipolar Process
A 7ns, 6mA, Single-Supply Comparator Fabricated on Linear s 6GHz Complementary Bipolar Process Introduction The is an ultrafast (7ns), low power (6mA), single-supply comparator designed to operate on either
More informationA SDR-based receiver for Es hail-2 and the BACAR 6, 10 GHz beacons 30 July 2018
A SDR-based receiver for Es hail-2 and the BACAR 6, 10 GHz beacons 30 July 2018 Hannes Coetzee, ZS6BZP Introduction If all goes according to plan the Qatar Satellite Company (Es hailsat) will place its
More informationTelevision and video engineering
Television and video engineering Unit-4 Television Receiver systems Objectives: To learn the requirements of TV receiver Study of monochrome and Colour TV receivers. To learn functions of Tuning circuits
More informationHolography Transmitter Design Bill Shillue 2000-Oct-03
Holography Transmitter Design Bill Shillue 2000-Oct-03 Planned Photonic Reference Distribution for Test Interferometer The transmitter for the holography receiver is made up mostly of parts that are already
More informationVaractor-Tuned Oscillators. Technical Data. VTO-8000 Series
Varactor-Tuned Oscillators Technical Data VTO-8000 Series Features 600 MHz to 10.5 GHz Coverage Fast Tuning +7 to +13 dbm Output Power ± 1.5 db Output Flatness Hermetic Thin-film Construction Description
More informationericssonz LBI-38640E MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR VHF TRANSMITTER SYNTHESIZER MODULE 19D902780G1 DESCRIPTION
MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR VHF TRANSMITTER SYNTHESIZER MODULE 19D902780G1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DESCRIPTION........................................... Front Cover GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS...................................
More informationMFJ-219/219N 440 MHz UHF SWR Analyzer TABLE OF CONTENTS
MFJ-219/219N 440 MHz UHF SWR Analyzer TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction...2 Powering The MFJ-219/219N...3 Battery Installation...3 Operation Of The MFJ-219/219N...4 SWR and the MFJ-219/219N...4 Measuring
More informationRFID Systems: Radio Architecture
RFID Systems: Radio Architecture 1 A discussion of radio architecture and RFID. What are the critical pieces? Familiarity with how radio and especially RFID radios are designed will allow you to make correct
More information6 GHz to 26 GHz, GaAs MMIC Fundamental Mixer HMC773ALC3B
FEATURES Conversion loss: 9 db typical Local oscillator (LO) to radio frequency (RF) isolation: 37 db typical LO to intermediate frequency (IF) isolation: 37 db typical RF to IF isolation: db typical Input
More informationPXA Configuration. Frequency range
Keysight Technologies Making Wideband Measurements Using the Keysight PXA Signal Analyzer as a Down Converter with Infiniium Oscilloscopes and 89600 VSA Software Application Note Introduction Many applications
More informationApplication Note AN-00502
Proper PCB Design for Embedded Antennas Application Note AN-00502 Introduction Embedded antennas are ideal for products that cannot use an external antenna. The reasons for this can range from ergonomic
More informationKeysight Technologies N9320B RF Spectrum Analyzer
Keysight Technologies N9320B RF Spectrum Analyzer 9 khz to 3.0 GHz Data Sheet Definitions and Conditions The spectrum analyzer will meet its specifications when: It is within its calibration cycle It has
More informationMAINTENANCE MANUAL RF BOARD 19D901835G1 ( MHz) 19D901835G2 ( MHz) FOR MVS
D MAINTENANCE MANUAL F BOAD 19D901835G1 (136-153 MHz) 19D901835G2 (150-174 MHz) FO MVS TABLE OF CONTENTS DESCIPTION............................................... Front Cover CICUIT ANALYSIS..............................................
More informationAgilent N9320B RF Spectrum Analyzer
Agilent N9320B RF Spectrum Analyzer 9 khz to 3.0 GHz Data Sheet Definitions and Conditions The spectrum analyzer will meet its specifications when: It is within its calibration cycle It has been turned
More information2100L Broadband Power Amplifier
2100L Broadband Power Amplifier HIGH RF VOLTAGES MAY BE PRESENT AT THE OUTPUT OF THIS UNIT. All operating personnel should use extreme caution in handling these voltages and be thoroughly familiar with
More informationPRODUCT APPLICATION NOTES
Extending the HMC189MS8 Passive Frequency Doubler Operating Range with External Matching General Description The HMC189MS8 is a miniature passive frequency doubler in a plastic 8-lead MSOP package. The
More informationMaintenance Manual TRANSMITTER/RECEIVER BOARD CMN-233 FOR MLSH041
Maintenance Manual TRANSMITTER/RECEIVER BOARD CMN-233 FOR MLSH041 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page DESCRIPTION... 2 CIRCUIT ANALYSIS... 2 Transmitter... 2 9-volt Regulator... 2 Exciter... 2 40-Watt PA... 2 Antenna
More informationNEW DESIGN***DEM Part Number FRS***NEW DESIGN Low power 144 MHz Transverter for the Flex Radio System SDR-1000 Operating Specifications:
NEW DESIGN***DEM Part Number 144-28FRS***NEW DESIGN Low power 144 MHz Transverter for the Flex Radio System SDR-1000 Operating Specifications: Operating Voltage: 12.0-15.5 VDC, 13.8 nominal Current Drain:
More informationRadar Shield System Design
University of California, Davis EEC 193 Final Project Report Radar Shield System Design Lit Po Kwong: lkwong853@gmail.com Yuyang Xie: szyuyxie@gmail.com Ivan Lee: yukchunglee@hotmail.com Ri Liang: joeliang914@gmail.com
More informationExercise 1: Frequency and Phase Modulation
Exercise 1: Frequency and Phase Modulation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be able to describe frequency modulation and an FM circuit. You will also be able to describe
More informationE-200D ALIGNMENT. See the end of the procedure for the location of the calibration points. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
E-200D ALIGNMENT NOTE: This is not an official B&K alignment procedure. This procedure was created by experimenting with an E-200D. However when this procedure is followed, the resulting calibration should
More information87415A microwave system amplifier A microwave. system amplifier A microwave system amplifier A microwave.
20 Amplifiers 83020A microwave 875A microwave 8308A microwave 8307A microwave 83006A microwave 8705C preamplifier 8705B preamplifier 83050/5A microwave The Agilent 83006/07/08/020/050/05A test s offer
More information