Interferometer for LCGT 1st Korea Japan Workshop on Korea University Jan. 13, 2012 Seiji Kawamura (ICRR, Univ. of Tokyo)

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1 Interferometer for LCGT 1st Korea Japan Workshop on Korea University Jan. 13, 2012 Seiji Kawamura (ICRR, Univ. of Tokyo) JGW G v01

2 Outline Resonant Sideband Extraction interferometer Length sensing and control system Alignment sensing and control system Detuning optimization Curvature of the mirrors Lock acquisition Noise coupling reduction Quantum noise optimization Summary

3 Outline Resonant Sideband Extraction interferometer Length sensing and control system Alignment sensing and control system Detuning optimization Curvature of the mirrors Lock acquisition Noise coupling reduction Quantum noise optimization Summary

4 Interferometer for LCGT Main interferometer Laser Mode cleaner

5 Resonant Sideband Extraction (RSE) interferometer Power recycling Mirror (PRM) Fabry Perot arm cavity Signal Extraction Mirror (SEM) Beam splitter Photodetector

6 Michelson interferometer (MI) The maximum arm length on earth is only a few km. Beam splitter Photodetector

7 Shot noise of MI Strain MI White noise: Statistical fluctuation of photon counting Frequency

8 Fabry Perot Michelson interferometer (FPMI) The effective arm length is increased GW signal is increased Optical configuration for ilcgt Fabry Perot arm cavity resonant High reflectivity low transmissivity

9 Shot noise of FPMI MI Strain FPMI Frequency f 1 frequency dependence Cavity pole: GW signal cancels above this frequency

10 Power recycled Fabry Perot Michelson interferometer (PRFPMI) Power Recycling Mirror (PRM) The effective light power is increased The shot noise is reduced Bright fringe Dark fringe Optical configuration for iligo, Virgo, and TAMA300

11 Shot noise of PRFPMI Strain FPMI PRFPMI Cavity pole frequency does not change Frequency

12 PRFPMI C LSB USB GW sidebands are differentially produced Only the carrier is recycled C LSB LSB C USB USB

13 RSE interferometer The GW signal is frequencydependently extracted before it is cancelled The shot noise is optimized Signal Extraction Mirror (SEM)

14 RSE C LSB USB Only the GW sidebands are affected C SEM LSB C USB LSB USB

15 RSE GW signal sees SEM If the SEC is resonant, the reflectivity of the SEC can be lower than that of input mirror C Signal extraction cavity (SEC) LSB USB

16 RSE Make the finesse of the arm cavity very high to increase the carrier power and extract the GW signal before cancellation by SEM

17 Shot noise of RSE Strain PRFPMI (Low finesse) RSE RSE has more carrier power than PRFPMI (Low finesse) PRFPMI (High finesse) Frequency RSE increases the cavity pole frequency

18 Shot noise of PRFPMI (High recycling gain) PRFPMI (Low finesse, Low recycling gain) Strain PRFPMI (Low finesse, High recycling gain) RSE and PRFPMI (Low finesse High recycling gain) give the same sensitivity Frequency

19 RSE and PRFPMI (Low finesse, High recycling gain) RSE High finesse PRFPMI Low Recycling gain High recycling gain Low finesse Combination of finesse and recycling gain is limited by the loss of the optics the same sensitivity

20 Advantage of RSE (1) RSE PRFPMI Low Recycling gain High finesse High recycling gain Low finesse Lower Power at BS and Input Mirrors Less Thermal Problem

21 Advantage of RSE (2) RSE Low Recycling gain High finesse Strain Shot noise Detuning RSE Detuned RSE Shot noise can be optimized Frequency

22 Optical parameters Arm cavity finesse: 1500 Power recycling gain: 10 Signal band gain (no detuned case): 24

23 Important subsystems/functions Length sensing and control system Alignment sensing and control system Detuning optimization Curvature of the mirrors Lock acquisition Noise coupling reduction Quantum noise optimization Etc.

24 Summary We use RSE interferometer for LCGT RSE has advantages over PFPMI Many subsystems/functions have been already developed

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