SEL-T400L Time-Domain Line Protection

Transcription

1 SEL-T400L Time-Domain Line Proecion Ulra-High-Speed Transmission Line Relay Traveling-Wave Faul Locaor High-Resoluion Even Recorder Major Feaures and Benefis The SEL-T400L is a sae-of-he-ar ime-domain line proecive relay operaing wihin a few milliseconds for a wide range of faul and sysem condiions. Available in boh 5 A and 1 A models, he SEL-T400L incorporaes faul locaing wih accuracy ypically wihin one ower span. Wih only a handful of seings and preconfigured proecion logic, he SEL-T400L is simple o apply, ye i suppors a variey of applicaions and proecion philosophies. Ulra-High-Speed Line Proecion. Apply a raveling-wave line curren differenial scheme wih a poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel o rip fauls in 1 5 ms depending on he line lengh. Apply an incremenal-quaniy Zone 1 elemen wih a 2 5 ms operaing ime wihou communicaion. Apply a permissive overreaching ransfer rip scheme wih any sandard eleproecion channel using raveling-wave and incremenal-quaniy direcional elemens operaing in ms. Versaile Applicaions. Apply he SEL-T400L o wo-erminal overhead ransmission lines, including series compensaion, single- and dual-breaker erminaions, and hree-pole and single-pole ripping. Simple Configuraion. Use preconfigured relay logic and se only a few proecion seings wihou he need for exensive shor-circui sudies. Accurae Faul Locaing. Locae fauls o he neares ower. High-Resoluion Oscillography. Record line currens and volages wih a 1 MHz sampling rae, sorage for as many as 50 evens, and a duraion of 1.2 seconds per even.

2 2 Feaures and Benefis Traveling-Wave Differenial Proecion Scheme The raveling-wave differenial (TW87) proecion scheme uses curren raveling waves (TWs) and a poino-poin fiber-opic channel o deec in-zone fauls wih operaing imes in he range of 1 5 ms depending on he line lengh. The TW87 scheme is independen from exernal ime sources and provides inernal synchronizaion of daa over he communicaions channel. The TW87 scheme is suiable for series-compensaed lines and can be used for single-pole ripping applicaions. The TW87 scheme uses radiional CTs and wiring. I uses volage signals and works well wih capaciively coupled volage ransformers (CCVTs). The TW87 scheme can be applied on wo-erminal apped lines owing o is firs-ever locaion-dependen supervision. Operaing Time (ms) Figure 1 Lengh Line Lengh TW87 Operaing Time as a Funcion of Line Incremenal-Quaniy Disance Proecion Elemen km mi The incremenal-quaniy disance (TD21) proecion elemen uses incremenal volages and currens o provide underreaching disance proecion. The elemen can be se as high as 80 percen of he line lengh, has a ransien overreach below 10 percen, and operaes beween 2 5 ms depending on he faul locaion, sysem shor-circui level, faul resisance, and poin on wave. The TD21 elemen is suiable for series-compensaed lines and can be se using he line impedance, neglecing he in-line capaciors. The elemen is suiable for single-pole ripping applicaions. Median Operaing Time (ms) SIR Values Figure 2 TD21 Elemen Median Operaing Time for Varying Faul Locaion and Differen Source-o-Line Impedance Raios Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip Proecion Scheme The permissive overreaching ransfer rip (POTT) scheme uses a dedicaed fiber-opic SEL MIRRORED BITS communicaions por for communicaing over TDM muliplexers and ulra-high-speed and sensiive direcional elemens for faul direcion discriminaion. The raveling-wave direcional elemen (TW32) operaes in 0.1 ms and he incremenal-quaniy direcional elemen (TD32) operaes in 1 3 ms depending on sysem condiions. Boh direcional elemens are suiable for series-compensaed lines. The POTT scheme can be applied in single-pole ripping applicaions. Being phasesegregaed, he POTT scheme performs very well on evolving and inercircui fauls. POTT Operaing Time (ms) Faul Locaion as Percenage of Line Lengh 500 km 400 km 300 km 200 km 100 km Figure 3 POTT Operaing Time as a Funcion of Faul Locaion for Differen Line Lenghs Assuming TW32 Keying and a 115,200 bps MIRRORED BITS Channel Over Fiber-Based SONET/SDH

3 3 Direc Transfer Trip Proecion Scheme The direc ransfer rip (DTT) scheme works wih a fiberopic MIRRORED BITS communicaions por and uses phase-segregaed signaling for single-pole ripping. DTT logic uses exra securiy o guard agains undeeced bi errors in he communicaions channel. Trip Logic A preconfigured rip logic processed en imes per millisecond allows for easy configuraion of he relay for single-pole and hree-pole ripping applicaions wih a flexibiliy o accommodae differen proecion philosophies. Program he relay by using simple bi masks (liss) o accommodae various preferences and requiremens for a wide variey of applicaions. Arming Logic The SEL-T400L includes arming logic o check for normal line operaing condiions before allowing he ulrahigh-speed and sensiive proecion elemens o operae for a faul. The arming logic is fully preconfigured and does no require user cusomizaion. If line operaing condiions prior o he faul preven secure applicaion of he ulra-high-speed proecion elemens, he arming logic deassers and blocks proecion elemens while alering he user o he problem. Loss-of-Poenial Logic Based on incremenal quaniies and TWs, he SEL-T400L is inherenly secure when loss-of-poenial (LOP) condiions develop. A zero-seing LOP logic blocks he volage-dependen elemens o preven misoperaion on swiching evens or fauls following a loss of poenial. Load-Encroachmen Condiions Based on incremenal quaniies and TWs, he SEL-T400L is secure under high-load condiions. The relay does no include, nor require, a load-encroachmen blocking elemen. Heavy line loading does no impair dependabiliy of he SEL-T400L. Power-Swing Condiions Based on incremenal quaniies and TWs, he SEL-T400L is secure during power-swing condiions. The relay does no include, nor require, a power-swing blocking elemen. Under sable or relaively slow, unsable power swings, he SEL-T400L remains armed and coninues o provide proecion for he line. Dual-Breaker Applicaions The SEL-T400L includes wo ses of CT inpus and wo ses of ripping oupus o proec lines conneced in breaker-and-a-half, double-bus double-breaker, and ringbus configuraions. High-Speed Trip-Raed Oupus The SEL-T400L includes six high-speed rip-raed oupus for single-pole ripping of wo breakers. For fas operaion, connec he oupus direcly o he breaker rip coils. The rip logic provides a seal-in mechanism for he rip oupus wihou he need o wire he breaker saus conacs o he relay. Proecion, Securiy, and Dependabiliy The SEL-T400L is designed for speed and securiy. The TW87, TD21, TD32, and TW32 elemens are highly dependable, bu by naure of heir operaing principles hey canno be 100 percen dependable. Apply a companion relay such as he SEL-411L or SEL-421 wih phasor-based proecion o cover he cases for which he SEL-T400L elemens may fail o operae, such as fauls a volage zero-crossing. Breaker Failure, Auoreclosing, and Swich-Ono-Faul Proecion The SEL-T400L provides MIRRORED BITS communicaions pors o communicae wih a companion relay for breaker failure and auoreclose iniiaion. Use he companion relay for hese proecion funcions. Meering The SEL-T400L provides basic volage, curren, and frequency meering for he line and curren meering for each of he wo breakers. Traveling-Wave-Based Faul Locaing The SEL-T400L incorporaes a single-ended ravelingwave-based faul-locaing (TWFL) mehod, which works on local curren TWs and analyzes he firs TW as well as a number of successive TW reflecions. The relay also

4 4 incorporaes a double-ended mehod, which uses only he firs TWs a boh line erminals, bu requires communicaions. This double-ended mehod is available if he poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel is insalled and operaional. The TW-based faul locaor does no require exernal ime sources. The TW-based faul-locaing echnology used in he SEL-T400L has a field-proven accuracy in he order of abou one ower span regardless of he line lengh. High-Resoluion Oscillography The SEL-T400L provides ime-samped faul recording a a 1 MHz sampling rae wih back-o-back recording capabiliy, sorage for as many as 50 evens wih a duraion of 1.2 seconds per even, IEEE C COMTRADE file forma, and a user-configurable rigger. This 1 MHz, 18-bi recording capabiliy allows analysis of high-frequency power sysem evens including lighning srikes, breaker resrikes, and breaker ransien recovery volages. Sequenial Evens Recorder The relay records as many as 10,000 ime-samped Sequenial Evens Recorder (SER) evens, including elemen saes, alarms, digial inpus, and MIRRORED BITS communicaions inpus and oupus. The evens are logged every 100 µs. File Access The relay suppors File Transfer Proocol (FTP) for access o sored records over he Eherne communicaions por. Elecromagneic Inerference Monioring Sampling a 1 MHz and using TWs for proecion and faul locaing, he SEL-T400L moniors elecromagneic inerference (EMI) noise in is inpu currens and volages for securiy. Excessive noise ha canno be correlaed wih normal power sysem evens is flagged, logged, alarmed on, and opionally recorded. If he sanding EMI can compromise relay securiy, he TW proecion elemens are auomaically disarmed and remain ou of service unil he noise subsides. This firsever funcion provides users wih invaluable insigh ino he overall condiion of he subsaion insallaion. Buil-In Tes Funcions Simplify SEL-T400L commissioning, roubleshooing, and approval esing wih buil-in esing and commissioning funcions. Tes and roubleshoo digial eleproecion channels wih he SEL sandard MIRRORED BITS por loopback mode. Apply he TW es mode o es and commission he TW87 proecion scheme wih highfrequency signal componens alone, wihou he need o simulaneously injec he fundamenal frequency currens and volages. Tes proecion and faul-locaing funcions wihou he need for a physical relay es se by using he buil-in even playback funcion and evens recorded in he field or simulaed wih elecromagneic ransien programs.

5 5 Funcional Overview Line Fiber-Opic MIRRORED BITS 3 DTT TD21 POTT Direc Fiber-Opic Connecion o Remoe Relay Remoe & Local Daa TD32 TW32 TW87 FL SER Meering DFR 1 SEL-T400L ANSI NUMBERS/ACRONYMS AND FUNCTIONS 1 TD21 TD32 TW32 TW87 TD50 TD67 DTT POTT RIO LOP TWDD DFR SER FL MET HMI Arming and Saring Logic Incremenal-Quaniy Disance Incremenal-Quaniy Direcional Traveling-Wave Direcional Traveling-Wave Differenial Incremenal-Quaniy Nondirecional Overcurren Supervision Incremenal-Quaniy Direcional Overcurren Supervision Direc Transfer Trip Logic Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip Logic High-Speed Trip-Raed Oupus SEL MIRRORED BITS Communicaions Loss-of-Poenial Logic Traveling-Wave Disurbance Deecion 1 MHz Even Recorder Sequenial Evens Recorder Faul Locaor (wih raveling-wave and impedance mehods, single-ended and double-ended) Meering Operaor Inerface Fron-Panel USB (engineering access) IRIG-B 1 Gbps Eherne SFP (engineering access, SCADA, and FTDV sreaming) ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS Preconfigured Trip Logic Single-Pole Tripping Logic Open-Pole Deecion Logic Adapive Auoreclose Cancel Logic Traveling-Wave Tes Mode Even Playback Fron-Panel USB 2.0 Por for Engineering Access Eherne Por for Engineering and SCADA Access Mulilevel Passwords for Secure Access Elecromagneic Inerference Monioring Enhanced Self-Monioring Fas Time-Domain Values (FTDV) Figure 4 Funcional Diagram Proecion Feaures The SEL-T400L provides wo communicaions-based proecion schemes (TW87 and POTT) and one incremenal-quaniy disance proecion elemen (TD21). These ime-domain elemens work by using raveling waves and incremenal quaniies and use paened SEL echnology. Incremenal-Quaniy Elemens These elemens use incremenal quaniies he differences beween he insananeous volages and currens and heir one-cycle-old values. As such, he incremenal quaniies conain only he faul-induced componens of volages and currens. The SEL-T400L low-pass filers he incremenal quaniies so ha when deriving he TD32 and TD21 operaing equaions, he proeced line and he sysem can be represened by an equivalen resisive-inducive (RL) circui. The incremenal-quaniy calculaions and logic are run a 10 khz. TD32 Direcional Elemen To realize he TD32 elemen, he SEL-T400L calculaes a replica curren as a volage drop from he incremenal curren ( i) a he relay locaion across a uniy impedance (1 ) RL circui represening he line and he sysem. As shown in Figure 5, he incremenal replica curren is direcly proporional o he incremenal volage ( v) a he relay locaion. For forward fauls, he incremenal replica curren and he incremenal volage are of opposie polariies (Figure 5(a)). They are of maching polariies for reverse fauls (Figure 5(b)).

6 6 (a) Replica Curren Δi Δv Δv F slower speed and reduced dependabiliy. When applied in weak sysems, he effecive resisive coverage of he elemen increases as he source-o-line-impedance raio (SIR) increases up o a poin beyond which he elemen reach becomes gradually reduced. For high SIRs, he elemen auomaically shus down, favoring securiy over dependabiliy. (b) Δi Owing o is operaing principle, he TD21 elemen is no affeced by CCVT ransiens. Δv F Δv Replica Curren (a) Acual Volage Change Calculaed Volage Change Figure 5 TD32 Direcional Elemen Operaing Principle: (a) Forward and (b) Reverse Fauls The SEL-T400L implemenaion of he TD32 elemen uses six measuremen loops o cover all faul ypes, calculaes and inegraes an operaing orque, and applies adapive hresholds for opimum sensiiviy and speed. These adapive forward and reverse hresholds are fracions of he expeced operaing orques for a forward and reverse faul, respecively, and are calculaed using impedance hreshold seings. The TD32 elemen operaes dependably and quickly for fauls a any poin on wave and for resisive fauls. The elemen sensiiviy is effecively se by he overcurren supervision embedded in he POTT logic. TD21 Disance Elemen To realize he TD21 elemen, he SEL-T400L calculaes an insananeous volage change a he inended reach poin using he incremenal replica curren, he incremenal volage, and he line RL parameers. Prefaul volage is he highes value possible for he change in volage a he faul poin. Wih reference o Figure 6, if he calculaed volage is higher han he prefaul volage a he reach poin, he faul mus be closer han he se reach, m 1. If so, he elemen is allowed o operae assuming he TD32 direcional elemen assers forward and oher proprieary securiy condiions are me. The SEL-T400L implemenaion of he TD21 elemen uses six measuremen loops o cover all faul ypes and applies insananeous prefaul volage a he reach poin as a resrain for sensiiviy and speed. The TD21 elemen operaes as fas as 2 ms for close-in fauls in srong sysems, and in a few milliseconds for fauls closer o he reach poin and in weaker sysems. The elemen provides independen reach seings for he ground and phase measuremen loops. The TD21 elemen is dependable for meallic fauls in relaively srong sysems. The elemen responds o resisive fauls and in weaker sysems, bu wih a slighly (b) Local Bus Δv Figure 6 TD21 Underreaching Elemen Operaing Principle: (a) In-Zone and (b) Ou-of-Zone Fauls Traveling-Wave Elemens Δi Calculaed Volage Change Local Bus Δv These elemens respond o high-frequency conen in he relay inpu currens and o a lesser degree volages. Traveling waves can be undersood as sharp changes in he inpu signals wih he rise ime in he order of a few microseconds. The SEL-T400L exracs TWs from he 1 MHz signals using a dedicaed filer. The relay runs he TW calculaions every microsecond and he associaed logic every 100 µs. TW87 Differenial Scheme The TW87 scheme compares ime-aligned curren TWs a boh ends of he proeced line. For an exernal faul, a TW ha enered one erminal wih a given polariy leaves he oher erminal wih he opposie polariy exacly afer he known line TW propagaion ime (see Figure 7). To realize he TW87 scheme, he SEL-T400L exracs curren TWs from he local and remoe currens, idenifies he firs TWs in he local and remoe currens, searches for exiing TWs ha arrive a he opposie line erminal afer he line propagaion ime, and calculaes he operaing and resraining signals from he firs and exiing TWs. Δi m 1 m 1 Acual Volage Change Remoe Bus Remoe Bus

7 7 (a) Local TW + (a) (b) Line TW Propagaion Time (T) A TW A TW Remoe TW B TW B TW (b) Local TW + Δ < T C TW C TW Remoe TW Figure 7 Curren TW Timing and Polariies for (a) Exernal and (b) Inernal Fauls The SEL-T400L implemenaion of he TW87 scheme uses real-ime faul-locaion informaion obained wih a double-ended mehod similar o he one used in he faullocaing algorihm. I also uses oher proprieary securiy condiions in addiion o he pickup and slope seings cusomary in any differenial proecion logic. The TW87 logic applies a facory-seleced securiy slope and provides for user-seleced ground and phase minimum pickup seings. The minimum pickup hresholds apply o he low-frequency incremenal replica curren. The supervision confirms ha he in-zone even is acually a faul and no a swiching even or a nearby lighning srike. + Figure 8 TW Paern for (a) a Single-Line-o-Ground Faul in Phase A and (b) a Line-o-Line Faul Beween Phases B and C TW32 Direcional Elemen The TW32 direcional elemen compares he relaive polariy of he curren TWs versus he volage TWs. For a forward even, he wo TWs are of opposie polariies, and for a reverse even, hey are of maching polariies. To realize he TW32 elemen, he SEL-T400L inegraes a orque calculaed from he curren and volage TWs, and checks he value of he inegral a few ens of microseconds ino he faul (see Figure 9). As a resul, he relay responds o he TW aciviy during he few ens of microseconds following he firs TW. Once assered, he TW32 elemen is kep assered for a shor period of ime o ac as an acceleraor for he dependable TD32 direcional elemen in he POTT scheme. (a) (b) The TW87 scheme uses prefaul volage for addiional securiy o verify if he polariy of he curren TWs agrees wih he polariy of he volage a he place and ime of he faul. Volage TW Volage TW The TW87 scheme is suiable for series-compensaed lines. In applicaions o series-compensaed lines, he TW87 elemen is inernally supervised wih he TD32 elemens. The TW87 scheme incorporaes a buil-in faul-ype idenificaion logic based on TWs o suppor single-pole ripping applicaions. This logic analyzes magniudes and polariy paerns of hree-phase curren TWs (see Figure 8). These curren TWs are ime-aligned sums of he firs local and he firs remoe TWs recorded by he scheme. As such, hese TWs approximae he oal curren TWs launched from he faul locaion. Curren TW Inegraed Torque TW32 a few ens of μs Curren TW Figure 9 Volage and Curren TWs for (a) a Forward Faul and (b) a Reverse Faul Inegraed Torque TW32 When applied wih CCVTs, he TW32 elemen benefis from he sray capaciances across he CCVT uning reacor and sep-down ransformer. These capaciances creae a pah for high-frequency signal componens, allowing some volage TW signals o appear a he secondary CCVT erminals. The elemen uses only he

8 8 polariy and iming of he firs volage TW, and herefore he elemen is suiable for CCVTs despie heir poor reproducion of volage TW magniudes in general. The TW32 elemen acceleraes he POTT signal and is no criical for SEL-T400L dependabiliy. The elemen may no asser for fauls a he volage zero-crossing or wih some CCVTs. The TD32 elemen ensures dependabiliy under hese operaing condiions. Saring Elemen and Faul Idenificaion Logic The SEL-T400L combines a faul-ype idenificaion logic wih a nondirecional saring logic. The combined saring and faul idenificaion logic is based on incremenal volages in six measuremen loops. The logic calculaes incremenal volages a a cerain elecrical disance away from he relay using he volages and currens a he relay locaion and he line RL daa (see Figure 10). For he incremenal-quaniy proecion elemens o sar, he change in hese calculaed incremenal volages mus be higher han a facory-seleced minimum value. By comparing he volage changes in all six measuremen loops, he relay idenifies he faul ype. Figure 10 Δv Overcurren Supervision Z X Δv START Saring and Faul-Type Idenificaion Logic The SEL-T400L supervises he TW87, TD21, and POTT schemes wih ulra-high-speed overcurren elemens. These elemens respond o he incremenal replica currens and measure he curren level in he low-frequency specrum (below 1 khz). Their primary purpose is o verify ha he even is a faul and no a swiching or oher low-energy even. The overcurren supervision allows he SEL-T400L o remain secure during swiching evens ha may launch TWs or cause high-frequency incremenal quaniies. Δv Z X Δi Z Z X Δi Z The SEL-T400L overcurren elemens are implemened in ime domain, observing ha he incremenal replica currens are no affeced by he decaying dc componen and are a zero before he faul happens. The relay uses his characerisic of he currens o implemen he novel overcurren principle illusraed in Figure 11. Δi Δi d Figure 11 Insananeous Overcurren Elemen Principle of Operaion Tripping Schemes The SEL-T400L provides rip logic o convenienly roue proecion elemens inended for ripping o he oupu conacs (see Figure 12). The logic allows for hree-pole and single-pole ripping, responds o fauls during he open-pole condiion following a single-pole rip, and maximizes seleciviy of single-pole ripping during evolving and inercircui fauls. The rip logic incorporaes a curren-reversal securiy logic and provides sealin for he rip oupus using a imer and he ac curren level. TW87 TD21 TW32 TD32 OC TRIP lis IP/3P POTT TX/RX TRIP LOGIC DTT TX/RX Figure 12 Preconfigured SEL-T400L Trip Logic Allows Implemening Various Proecion Philosophies Wihou he Need for Programmable Logic 200% of Pickup Pickup = 100% 50% of Pickup TRIP 1 TRIP 2 A B C A B C

9 9 The logic incorporaes communicaions-assised ripping from he POTT and DTT schemes hrough use of digial communicaion over a serial fiber-opic MIRRORED BITS communicaions por and/or he TW87 poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel. The DTT scheme applies exra securiy agains undeeced bi errors in he communicaions channel before acceping he received DTT bis. Boh he POTT and DTT use phase-segregaed communicaion o improve seleciviy of single-pole ripping. Proecion Seings The proecion elemens of he SEL-T400L are easy o se. The relay requires only a handful of proecion seings, and mos of hem are nameplae daa such as CT and PT raios, line lengh and impedance, nominal volage and frequency, and series capacior reacance and locaion. The few seings ha require proecion judgmen and knowledge are eiher muliple-choice preferences or simple overcurren or impedance hresholds. The muliple-choice seings include values such as a rip mask, single-pole or hree-pole ripping preference, and presence of exernal series compensaion in he viciniy of he proeced line. Table 1 liss he numerical proecion seings and briefly explains heir purpose and recommendaions. Table 1 Key Proecion Seings Name Purpose Recommendaion for Typical Applicaions TD21MP Phase TD21 reach Se o 0.7 o 0.8 pu TD21MG Ground TD21 reach Se o 0.6 o 0.75 pu TD32ZF Forward TD32 impedance hreshold Se o a quarer of he ne posiive-sequence impedance of he sronges local sysem TD32ZR Reverse TD32 impedance hreshold Se o a hird of he ne posiive-sequence impedance of he line TP67G POTT overcurren supervision for ground loops Se o ride hrough swiching of in-line reacors and in-line series capaciors TP67P POTT overcurren supervision for phase loops Se o ride hrough swiching of in-line reacors and in-line series capaciors TWLPT TW line propagaion ime Measure using he SEL-T400L during commissioning TP50G TW87 overcurren supervision for ground loops Se below he minimum ground faul curren level TP50P TW87 overcurren supervision for phase loops Se below he minimum phase faul curren level Faul Locaing The SEL-T400L incorporaes an advanced ravelingwave-based faul-locaing algorihm wih accuracy in he order of one ower span, allowing for reduced operaing expenses and faser line resoraion afer a faul. Upon he asserion of a user-programmable rigger, including a preconfigured rip command, he relay execues a single-ended TW-based faul-locaing algorihm and if he poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel is available and operaional a double-ended algorihm. The faullocaing calculaions are compleed wihin 30 ms afer he faul incepion, i.e., before he circui breakers finish clearing he faul. The TW-based faul-locaing algorihm uses ime samps of curren TWs o calculae he disance o he faul. The algorihm inerpolaes he ime-samp daa o obain high-precision ime samps, wih resoluion and accuracy in he order of a small fracion of a microsecond. The SEL-T400L faul-locaing accuracy, including olerances in he curren and ime inpu circuiries, is in he order of ±10 m (±33 f). Applicaion errors such as line daa inaccuracy or line sag may increase he oal faullocaing error in any given applicaion. SEL field experience wih he TW-based faul-locaing echnology proves he oal accuracy in he range of ±300 m (±1,000 f). The relay compensaes he faul locaion for he lengh of he CT secondary wires as provided by he user seing. The SEL-T400L faul-locaing funcion does no depend on exernal ime sources. SEL-T400L even summaries include faul locaion, faul ype, prefaul and faul volage and curren levels, and oher cusomary daa. The faul-locaing informaion is available in he even summary and available via he SEL ASCII proocol. The even summary is also provided in he IEEE COMTRADE header file.

10 10 The SEL-T400L selecs he bes resul from he doubleended TW-based faul-locaing algorihm and he singleended TW-based algorihm, and if required i falls back on he impedance-based algorihm if no reliable TWs are presen in he inpu currens. Double-Ended TWFL Algorihm The double-ended TW-based faul-locaing algorihm calculaes he faul locaion using he ime difference beween he firs curren TWs recorded a boh he line erminals, as shown in Figure 13 and defined by he following equaion: M L S R = T where M is he disance o he faul from Terminal S in line lengh unis, S and R are ime samps of he firs TWs, and L and T are user seings specifying he line lengh and he TW propagaion ime for he enire line lengh. The double-ended algorihm requires a poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel o exchange he faul-locaing daa and o align he ime samps from boh line ends. The algorihm does no require exernal ime sources and is no impaced by heir poenial iming errors. Δ 2 Δ 1 B S S M L M Figure 13 Bewley Diagram Illusraing TW Faul- Locaing Principles Single-Ended TWFL Algorihm The single-ended algorihm calculaes he faul locaion using he ime difference beween he firs TW and he firs reflecion from he faul as shown in Figure 13 and defined by he following equaion: F M L 1 = T The single-ended algorihm does no need remoe daa, and herefore i works wihou communicaions and is no affeced by he iming errors beween he wo line erminals. However, i relies on reliable idenificaion of he firs reflecion from he faul among many oher TWs ha may arrive a he local relay erminal, especially from disconinuiies behind he relay (Bus B in Figure 13). R R Applicaions Ulra-High-Speed Proecion Wih Auxiliary Proecion and Conrol Funcions The SEL-T400L is designed for speed, securiy, and ease of use. Is purpose is o provide ulra-high-speed and secure line proecion. Use a mulifuncion line proecive relay in parallel wih he SEL-T400L o provide a full suie of proecion, conrol, and monioring funcions, including bu no limied o ime-coordinaed backup proecion, breaker failure proecion, reclosing wih synchronism check, swich-ono-faul proecion, and bay conrol. Figure 14 illusraes a ypical SEL-T400L applicaion wih a MIRRORED BITS communicaions-compaible companion relay, such as he SEL-411L or SEL-421, and a digial proecion channel, such as he SEL ICON muliplexer. In his applicaion, he SEL-T400L rips he circui breaker direcly and uses a fiber-opic MIRRORED BITS communicaions por o communicae wih he remoe SEL-T400L over ICON for he POTT and DTT applicaions. The SEL-T400L uses anoher MIRRORED BITS communicaions por o signal he companion SEL relay and uses a poin-o-poin fiber-opic connecion wih he remoe SEL-T400L o provide he TW87 proecion.

11 11 SEL-2814 SEL-T400L MB2 TRIP Poin-o-Poin Fiber (TW87, POTT, DTT, FL) MB1 SEL-2814 POTT DTT MUX SEL ICON Series-Compensaed Lines Apply he SEL-T400L o series-compensaed lines. Series capaciors represen a very small reacance a higher frequencies, allowing he SEL-T400L proecion principles o work well. Use he relay wih series capaciors locaed anywhere along he line and wih eiher lineside or bus-side volage ransformers. BFI ARI Figure 14 Recommended All-SEL Applicaion of he SEL-T400L Use SEL-2814 Fiber-Opic Transceivers o connec he fiber-opic MIRRORED BITS communicaions pors of he SEL-T400L wih he companion SEL relay and he muliplexer. Program he companion SEL relay o receive he SEL-T400L rip commands and o inerpre hem as breaker failure iniiae (BFI) and auoreclose iniiae (ARI) signals. The SEL companion relay eiher direcly rips he circui breaker or passes he rip command back o he SEL-T400L via he MIRRORED BITS communicaions connecion. Figure 15 illusraes a ypical SEL-T400L applicaion wih a generic relay, no capable of MIRRORED BITS communicaions, and a generic proecion channel, such as a power line carrier. In his applicaion, he companion relay and he proecion channel equipmen use conac inpus and oupus o signal he SEL-T400L. In his applicaion, use he SEL-2507 (or SEL-2505) Remoe I/O Module o conver he fiber-opic MIRRORED BITS communicaions inpus and oupus o conac I/O, and wire he companion relay and he communicaions equipmen accordingly. SEL-2507 BFI ARI MB I/O TRIP SEL-T400L MB2 TRIP TRIP SEL Relay Poin-o-Poin Fiber (TW87, POTT, DTT, FL) MB1 Proecive Relay SEL-2507 POTT DTT I/O Pilo Channel Figure 15 Recommended Applicaion of he SEL-T400L Using Conac I/O Signaling Configure only a few seings in applicaions on seriescompensaed lines as follows: Ener he reacance value of he in-line capaciors as a seing o le he TD21 elemen resrain properly for series-compensaed lines. Use he TD21 reach a 70 or 80 percen of he physical line lengh, neglecing he in-line series capaciance. Se he impedance hresholds in he TD32 elemens o facor in he values of he in-line and exernal capaciors. Se he POTT overcurren supervision hresholds above incremenal currens caused by capacior swiching. Opionally, ener he locaion of he series capaciors o allow he TW87 scheme o coordinae wih he series capacior plaform proecion. When applying he relay o lines wih adjacen series compensaion, se he exernal series compensaion seing o Y o allow he SEL-T400L o apply proper securiy measures. Hybrid Overhead/Underground Lines The SEL-T400L is designed o proec overhead ransmission lines. However, wih careful engineering and analysis, you may consider he SEL-T400L for applicaions on underground cables and feeders wih a combinaion of overhead secions and underground cable secions. Proecion of Hybrid Lines Consider he following proecion applicaions: Apply boh he TD21 elemen (for uncondiional ripping) and he TD32 elemen in he POTT scheme o lines where he posiive- and zerosequence impedance of he underground cable secions is less han abou 20 percen of he oal line impedance, and he line seady-sae, posiivesequence charging curren is less han 300 A. Apply he TW87 scheme o lines where posiiveand zero-sequence impedance of he cable secion is less han abou 5 percen of he oal line impedance or 2 km, whichever is shorer.

12 12 Conac SEL Engineering Services o learn more abou relay seing consuling and ransien simulaion services for special relay applicaions. Local Cable Overhead Remoe Faul Locaing on Hybrid Lines Use he double-ended raveling-wave-based faul locaor o locae fauls on hybrid lines. In reference o Figure 16, he SEL-T400L faul-locaing algorihm correcs for he nonhomogeneiy of he propagaion velociy in he overhead secions and underground cable secions of he line. Ener he oal line lengh (LL) and he oal ravelingwave line propagaion ime (TWLPT) as seings, and provide he breakdown of hese values for each secion of he line. TWLPT AR Auoreclosing Canceled Figure 17 SEL-T400L Wih Double-Ended Faul Locaor Allows Adapive Auoreclose for Hybrid Lines Mulierminal Lines The SEL-T400L is designed o proec wo-erminal lines. However, wih careful engineering and analysis, you may also consider he SEL-T400L for applicaions on mulierminal and apped lines. m TW Time SEL-T400L SEL-T400L LL Lengh SEL-T400L Local Cable Overhead Remoe Figure 16 SEL-T400L Double-Ended Faul Locaor Correcs for Differences in Traveling-Wave Propagaion Velociies Beween Overhead and Cable Secions Adapive Auoreclosing on Hybrid Lines Use he double-ended raveling-wave-based faul locaor o adapively conrol auoreclosing by allowing reclosing for fauls on overhead secions and inhibiing reclosing for fauls on underground cable secions. Se he blocking inervals for he auoreclosing based on he locaion of he underground cable secions. The SEL-T400L provides a preconfigured adapive auoreclose cancel bi in he MIRRORED BITS communicaions oupu o an exernal auorecloser. This feaure requires double-ended raveling-wave-based faul locaing, and herefore i works only if he poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel is insalled and operaional. The SEL-T400L assers he adapive auoreclose cancel bi in less han 30 ms following he faul. MIRRORED BITS Channel TW87 Channel Figure 18 Principle of Applying he SEL-T400L POTT o Three-Terminal Lines Consider he following proecion applicaions: Apply he TW87 scheme o proec he line beween he wo main erminals. Make he scheme insensiive o fauls downsream from he aps by seing blocking inervals around he aps using he scheme s locaion-dependen supervision. Use he TD21 elemens on mulierminal lines, assuming proper reach seing analysis is performed. Deploy he POTT scheme on mulierminal lines as per he sandard pracice. Wih hree MIRRORED BITS pors, apply he SEL-T400L o lines wih as many as four erminals. Conac SEL Engineering Services o learn more abou relay seing consuling and ransien simulaion services for special relay applicaions.

13 13 Sandalone DFR and Faul Locaor Use he SEL-T400L as a sandalone high-resoluion digial faul recorder (DFR) or faul locaor. Trigger he DFR wih a conac inpu or MIRRORED BITS communicaions o capure six currens and hree volages a a 1 MHz sampling rae and 18 bis of rue analogo-digial resoluion. Connec he curren inpus of he SEL-T400L o breaker CTs o sudy breaker resrike, especially for reacor and capacior banks, generaors, or oherwise sressed or marginally raed breakers. Figure 20 shows he curren hrough one phase of a breaker while de-energizing a shun reacor. Observe he resrike occurring a 50.2 ms, indicaing he inabiliy of he breaker o inerrup his curren a he firs zero-crossing. Trigger he faul locaor wih a conac inpu or MIRRORED BITS communicaions o perform singleended or double-ended faul locaing wih high accuracy. Complemen your exising line proecion sysems for overhead lines wih he SEL-T400L insalled as a singleended faul locaor (see Figure 19). The SEL-T400L is an economical and easy-o-apply soluion for ulra-accurae faul locaing. The SEL-T400L uses sandard CTs and wiring and performs he faul-locaing calculaions auomaically wihou human inervenion and wihou he need for communicaion wih he remoe line end. SEL-2812 TRIP MB SEL-T400L MB TRIP SEL Relay Faul Locaion Figure 19 Sandalone Single-Ended Faul-Locaing Rerofi Applicaion SCADA EMS Curren (A) Curren (A) Time (ms) Figure Time (ms) Breaker Resrike While De-Energizing a Shun Reacor Meering and Monioring Meering The SEL-T400L provides fundamenal frequency phasor meering values (magniude and angle) for he relay inpu volages and currens. Phase quaniies as well as symmerical componens are available. Curren meering is available for each of he wo CT inpus separaely, as well as for he combined erminal line curren. When he poin-o-poin fiber-opic connecion is available o he remoe SEL-T400L, he local relay also provides meering daa for he remoe volages and line currens.

14 14 The meering daa are useful during commissioning and roubleshooing and are available on he fron-panel HMI, in response o a command, and via he SEL Fas Meer proocol. Recording Time-synchronized faul and SER records simplify posfaul analysis and help improve undersanding of proecion scheme operaions and power sysem disurbance analysis. These feaures also aid in esing and roubleshooing relay seings and proecion schemes. Record oscillograms a 1 MHz and 10 khz resoluions. Use SEL SYNCHROWAVE Even Sofware or any IEEE COMTRADE-compaible program for pos-even analysis. Oscillography Capure volages and currens wih 1 MHz oscillography using a rigger seleced from inernal Relay Word bis or using an inpu o he relay, including MIRRORED BITS communicaions. The capured daa are available in he IEEE COMTRADE forma and are sored in nonvolaile memory. The 1 MHz COMTRADE file conains volage, curren, acive seings, faul locaion, and even summary daa. The SEL-T400L sores as many as 50 evens wih a backo-back recording capabiliy and a duraion of 1.2 seconds per even. The SEL-T400L also offers a 10 khz COMTRADE file ha conains currens and volages sampled a 10 khz, seleced operaing quaniies for he incremenal-quaniy elemens, Relay Word bis, acive seings, faul locaion, and even summary daa. When he poin-o-poin fiberopic channel is available, he local 1 MHz and 10 khz records conain remoe volages and line currens as well. The samples in he oscillography files are ime-samped wih a microsecond resoluion and 100 ns accuracy. Use he SEL-T400L Eherne Por 5 for fas download of he oscillography files. Even Summary Each ime he SEL-T400L creaes an even repor, i also generaes a corresponding even summary. The even summary conains key informaion including relay idenificaion, ime and dae, even ype, faul locaion, and prefaul and faul volage and curren phasors. The even summary is available as a file and is also included in he header file of he IEEE COMTRADE record. Sequenial Evens Recorder Monior he relay elemen operaion wih he SER. Selec Relay Word bis ha rigger an SER enry including inpu/oupu change of sae and elemen operaion. The SER auomaically records device evens such as powerup and seings changes. The relay SER sores he laes 10,000 enries in nonvolaile memory. The evens are ime-samped wih a 100 µs resoluion and 100 ns accuracy. Fas Time-Domain Values Sreaming Fas Time-Domain Values (FTDV) are precisely imesamped insananeous volages and currens obained wih a 1 µs resoluion and sreamed over Eherne for remoe monioring and research applicaions. These applicaions run coninuously in real ime on highperformance compuing plaforms and provide capabiliies such as coninuous monioring, recording, signal feaure exracion, and visualizaion. Conac SEL o obain deailed forma descripions and ools (such as he preliminary SEL-5611 SYNCHROWAVE MegaScope clien sofware) o experimen wih his advanced SEL-T400L funcionaliy. High-Accuracy Timekeeping To keep rack of absolue ime, he SEL-T400L acceps a high-accuracy, demodulaed, IEEE C complian IRIG-B exernal iming signal from a global posiioning saellie clock, such as an SEL-2488 Saellie-Synchronized Nework Clock or an SEL ICON sysem. The relay keeps inernal ime wih an accuracy of 100 ns wih respec o he ime inpu. All even repors and summary imes are repored in UTC. The exernal ime source is used only for precise imesamping of relay records. The SEL-T400L proecion and faul-locaing funcions do no depend on he exernal ime inpu. When conneced using he poin-o-poin fiber-opic channel, he wo SEL-T400L relays synchronize o one anoher over he fiber-opic channel, enabling he relays o provide he TW87 proecion and doubleended faul locaing independenly from he exernal ime sources.

15 Buil-In Tesing and Commissioning Tools Loopback Mode for Digial Teleproecion Channels Simplify esing and roubleshooing of digial eleproecion channels wih a por loopback mode. The loopback mode allows he relay o receive is own packes while eiher permiing he eleproecion bis o be received as sen or forcing he received bis o fail-safe values. Pu he SEL-T400L por under es ino loopback mode and loop he ransmi pah back o he receive pah a various poins in he communicaions chain o pinpoin problems relaed o daa clocking, daa corrupion, noise, or misconnecions beween relays. Use he por communicaions repor o obain he presen channel saus and he saisical daa colleced over ime during normal operaion and while in loopback mode. Traveling-Wave Tes Mode Commission he TW87 proecion wih only highfrequency signals, using a es source such as he SEL-T4287 Traveling-Wave Tes Sysem, wihou he need o simulaneously injec fundamenal frequency volages and currens ino he relay. While operaing in he TW es mode, he TW87 logic suspends securiy condiions ha require fundamenal frequency volages and currens, hus allowing he TW87 proecion scheme o operae on he high-frequency signals alone. The TW es mode mainains securiy of in-service relays by requiring your esing and commissioning personnel o acknowledge he TW es mode iniiaion sen over he engineering por on he relay fron panel, hus prevening an uninenional or malicious iniiaion of he TW es mode. Monior he ALARM oupu o deec he TW es mode in progress. The TW es mode expires afer 30 minues, should your esing and commissioning personnel leave he relay in he TW es mode uninenionally. Even Playback Tes proecion and faul-locaing funcions in he relay using even playback (firmware revision R102 and newer). In playback mode, he relay subsiues he volage and curren samples from he analog-o-digial converer wih values uploaded o he relay memory prior o he playback es. Use hisorical field records or cases simulaed using any sandard elecromagneic ransien program as your es cases. Use he Playback File Conversion Uiliy in ACSELERA- TOR QuickSe SEL-5030 Sofware o conver a complian C COMTRADE file o he SEL playback file forma. Use he Even Playback Tes Dashboard in QuickSe o upload and manage playback es files in he relay memory and o execue even playback ess. Provide a leas 50 ms of pre-even seady-sae daa in your es file, and allow he relay o loop he periodic preeven daa for 1 second o simulae he pre-even seady sae. This sabilizes he relay measuremens and logic prior o he es even. Allow relay oupus during he even playback es, or suppress hem o ensure securiy of in-service relays. Tes a single relay using manual rigger mode (on demand), or es an SEL-T400L scheme by uploading es files o muliple relays and scheduling simulaneous es riggers based on relay ime (end-o-end esing). Even playback mainains securiy of in-service relays by requiring your esing and commissioning personnel o acknowledge he iniiaion of he even playback session sen over he engineering por on he relay fron panel, hus prevening an uninenional or malicious iniiaion of even playback. Monior he ALARM oupu o deec even playback in progress. The even playback mode expires afer one hour, prevening uninenional or malicious playback afer he inenional esing session. 15 User Inerfaces Sofware Configuraion and Engineering Tool Use QuickSe o perform he following: Develop SEL-T400L seings offline, and hen connec o your devices o ransfer seings and monior device performance. Design and organize SEL-T400L seings using Device Manager feaures, helping your proecion and conrol deparmen o organize all of heir relevan device informaion in a cenral daabase wih hisorical informaion of changes. Use inegraed ools in QuickSe o compare, conver, merge, and amend muliple SEL-T400L seings files o help reduce he overall life-cycle coss of he device. Access SEL-T400L daa locally or remoely from he convenience of your PC using he inegraed HMI feaure. Conver complian C COMTRADE files ino SEL playback files for even playback, upload and manage he even playback es files in he

16 16 SEL-T400L memory, and execue he even playback ess in he relay. Seamlessly inegrae QuickSe daa ino your company s workflow wih cusomizable reporing ools. Use SEL Compass suppor o keep your sofware, drivers, and SEL documenaion up o dae. Fron-Panel Display and Targes The SEL-T400L fron-panel LCD shows meering, faul locaion, evens, communicaions saisics, and relay self-es messages. The LEDs display relay arge informaion as shown in Figure 21. Line ripped Proecion elemen asserion Faul ype Figure 21 Device healhy and operaional Saus and Trip Targe LEDs Loss of poenial DTT or POTT KEY received Time-domain proecion armed Poin-o-poin fiber connecion OK MIRRORED BITS communicaions OK Time synchronizaion OK Nework Connecion and Inegraion Figure 22 presens an overview of he SEL-T400L communicaions pors, communicaions media, and associaed funcionaliy. Por 6 o Remoe SEL-T400L Por 5 Remoe Access, Even Collecion, Relay Configuraion o Local Relay o SEL ICON or Pilo Equipmen Local IEDs Por F Engineering Access or Relay Configuraion SEL-2488 or Oher High-Accuracy Time Source Poin-o-Poin Fiber-Opic Proecion Channel 1 Gbps SFP SEL Proprieary Proocol Relay Configuraion 1 Gbps Eherne SFP FTP, Telne, Fas Meer, FTDV Serial Communicaion Mulimode Fiber-Opic Serial MIRRORED BITS Fron-Panel Access USB 2.0 SEL ASCII, Fas Meer, Fas SER SEL-T400L Communicaion High-Accuracy Time Inpu BNC IRIG-B Figure 22 SEL-T400L Communicaions Overview MIRRORED BITS Communicaions Pors. Mulimode fiber-opic PORT 1, 2, and 3 allow for exchanging proecion bis wih he remoe SEL-T400L for POTT and DTT applicaions and wih local relays for breaker failure iniiaion and oher applicaions. Poin-o-Poin Proecion Channel. The raveling-wave line curren differenial scheme, POTT and DTT schemes, and double-ended raveling-wave-based faul locaing use he direc fiber-opic, 1 Gbps PORT 6. This por acceps small form-facor pluggable (SFP) fiberopic ransceivers (ordered separaely) and uses a proprieary SEL proocol. PORT 6 is mean exclusively for connecing local and remoe SEL-T400L relays. This proecion channel suppors seamless exchange of 1 MHz daa, allowing each of he relays o coninuously monior boh ends of he line. Link delay is minimal, deermined by he ligh propagaion speed in he singlemode fiber. Order and insall he correc SFP ransceiver o apply he relay wih poin-o-poin fiber-opic channels of differen lenghs. The maximum reach exceeds 100 km wihou opical signal amplificaion. Conac SEL for a full lis of suppored SFP modules. The communicaions link beween he wo relays is privae, secure, and requires a dedicaed pair of single-mode fibers. The link also provides ime synchronizaion services, allowing he wo relays o say synchronized wih each oher and share common UTC ime.

17 17 Remoe Access Over Eherne. Use Eherne PORT 5 for relay configuraion, even collecion, and sreaming of fas ime-domain values (FTDV) over he nework. Connec QuickSe and run FTP, Fas Meer, and Telne applicaions using PORT 5. Local Access. Use fron-panel USB 2.0 Type B PORT F for local relay configuraion and even collecion. In addiion, PORT F can be used for connecing o QuickSe and for running SEL ASCII and Fas Meer applicaions. Exernal Time Inpu. Connec an IEEE C complian IRIG-B ime signal from an exernal clock o he rear-panel BNC por for precise imekeeping. Cybersecuriy. The SEL-T400L suppors four levels of access for various funcions, including viewing saus, diagnosics, and changing seings. The relay suppors srong passwords wih as many as 12 characers, using any prinable characer, allowing users o selec complex passwords if hey so choose. The SEL-T400L is compaible wih SEL cybersecuriy producs, such as he SEL-3620 Eherne Securiy Gaeway. Fron- and Rear-Panel Diagrams Figure 23 SEL-T400L Fron Panels POWER Figure 24 SEL-T400L Rear Panel Diagrams

18 18 Dimensions Figure 25 SEL-T400L Rack-Moun Chassis Dimensions Specificaions Compliance Designed and manufacured under an ISO 9001 cerified qualiy managemen sysem 47 CFR 15B Class A This equipmen has been esed and found o comply wih he limis for a Class A digial device, pursuan o par 15 of he FCC Rules. These limis are designed o provide reasonable proecion agains harmful inerference when he equipmen is operaed in a commercial environmen. This equipmen generaes, uses, and can radiae radio frequency energy and, if no insalled and used in accordance wih he insrucion manual, may cause harmful inerference in which case he user will be required o correc he inerference a his own expense. UL Lised o U.S. and Canadian safey sandards (File E212775; NRGU, NRGU7) CE Mark General AC Analog Inpus Sampling Rae: 1 MHz A/D Resoluion: 18 bis AC Curren Inpus Raed Inpu Curren: 1 A Model: 1 A 5A Model: 5A Coninuous Thermal Raing: 1A Model: 3A 5 A Model: 15 A A/D Measuremen Limi: 1 A Model: 50 A peak (17.67 A rms fully offse ac curren) 5 A Model: 250 A peak (88.4 A rms fully offse ac curren) One-Second Thermal Wihsand: 1 A Model: 100 A rms 5 A Model: 500 A rms Burden: 1 A Model: <0.1 VA a 1 A, 60 Hz 5 A Model: <0.5 VA a 5 A, 60 Hz AC Volage Inpus Connecion: Four-wire wye wih a common neural, dc coupled Raed Volage Range: V LN (VNOM = V LL) Coninuous Thermal Raing: 175 V rms LN A/D Measuremen Limi: 280 V peak LN Ten-Second Thermal Wihsand: 350 V rms LN Burden: <0.1 VA a 120 V LN Power Supply Raed Volage: Vdc Vac Operaional Volage Range: Vdc Vac Raed Frequency: 50/60 Hz

19 19 Operaional Frequency Range: Hz Vdc Inpu Ripple: 15% per IEC :2013 Inerrupion: Vdc, Vdc per IEC :2013 Burden: <35 W, <90 VA Conrol Oupus Noe: IEEE C and IEC :2013 Updae Rae: 10 khz Make (Shor Duraion Conac Curren): 30 Adc Limiing Making Capaciy: 1000 W a 250 Vdc (L/R = 40 ms) Mechanical Endurance: 10,000 operaions Fas Hybrid (High-Speed, High-Curren Inerruping) Form A Raed Volage: Vdc Operaional Volage Range: Vdc Operaing Time: Pickup ime 10 µs (resisive load) Dropou 8 ms (resisive load) Shor Time Thermal Wihsand: 50 Adc for 1 s Coninuous Conac Curren: Conac Proecion: Limiing Breaking Capaciy/Elecrical Endurance: Raed Volage 6 Adc a 70 C (158 F) 4 Adc a 85 C (185 F) MOV proecion across open conacs 300 Vdc coninuous volage 10,000 operaions 4 operaions in 1 second, followed by 2 minues idle Alarm Oupu (Form C) Raed Volage: Vdc Operaional Volage Range: Vdc Operaing Time: Pickup ime 6 ms (resisive load) Dropou 6 ms (resisive load) Shor Time Thermal Wihsand: 50 Adc for 1 s Coninuous Conac Curren: Conac Proecion: Limiing Breaking Capaciy/Elecrical Endurance: Resisive Break Inducive Break 125 Vdc 10 Adc 10 Adc (L/R = 40 ms) 250 Vdc 10 Adc 10 Adc (L/R = 20 ms) Raed Volage 6 Adc a 70 C (158 F) 4 Adc a 85 C (185 F) MOV proecion across open conacs 300 Vdc coninuous volage 10,000 operaions 4 operaions in 1 second, followed by 2 minues idle Resisive Break Inducive Break 125 Vdc 0.30 Adc 0.30 Adc (L/R = 40 ms) 250 Vdc 0.20 Adc 0.20 Adc (L/R = 20 ms) Conrol Inpus Opoisolaed (Bipolar Operaion) Connecion: 5 inpus wih a shared common erminal Volage Opion: 125 Vdc Curren Draw: 5 ma a nominal volage Sampling Rae: 10 khz DC Threshold 125 Vdc: Pickup Vdc; Dropou <75 Vdc Communicaions Pors Fiber-Opic Serial Pors (Pors 1 3) Daa Rae: o bps Fiber Connecor Type: ST Fiber Type: Mulimode Fiber Wavelengh: 820 nm Fiber Size: 62.5/125 µm Minimum Receiver Sensiiviy: 24 dbm Transmier Power: 18.5 dbm (minimum) 10.5 dbm (maximum) USB Por (Por F) Connecor Type: Type B USB Type: 2.0 Fiber Eherne Por 5 Maximum Daa Rae: 1 Gbps Connecor Type: SFP Wavelengh: 850 nm Disance: 0.3 km mulimode Fiber Por 6 (Transceivers Ordered Separaely) Daa Rae: 1 Gbps Connecor Type: SFP Wavelengh: nm depending on ransceiver Disance: km depending on ransceiver Por 5 and Por 6 SFP Transceivers 0.3 km, 850 nm, mulimode 0.5 km, 1310 nm, mulimode 10 km, 1310 nm, single-mode 20 km, 1310 nm, single-mode 30 km, 1310 nm, single-mode 40 km, 1310 nm, single-mode 50 km, 1550 nm, single-mode 80 km, 1550 nm, single-mode 160 km, 1550 nm, single-mode 200 km, 1550 nm, single-mode Time Inpu IRIG-B Inpu BNC Connecor Inpu: Demodulaed IRIG-B Raed I/O Volage: 5 Vdc Operaing Volage Range: 0 8 Vdc Inpu Impedance: 1 k Operaing Temperaure Relay: 40 o +85 C ( 40 o +185 F) Noe: LCD conras impaired for emperaures below 20 C ( 4 F) and above +70 C (+158 F). SFP Transceivers: 40 o +70 C ( 40 o +158 F) Humidiy 5% o 95% wihou condensaion Overvolage Caegory Caegory III Insulaion Class I Polluion Degree 2