Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Experiments Using the National Instruments PXI-based Vector Signal Analyzer *

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Experiments Using the National Instruments PXI-based Vector Signal Analyzer *"

Transcription

1 OpenStax-CNX module: m Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Experiments Using the National Instruments PXI-based Vector Signal Analyzer * Robert Kubichek This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 Abstract This module discusses the use of National Instruments PXI system for understanding QAM signal transmission. The PXI system discussed here has been congured as a software-dened transmitter/receiver system and is used to implement both a spectrum analyzer and a vector signal analyzer under LabView control. It is thus extremely well suited for studying and learning how QAM signals work. 1 Objective The purpose of this module is to study Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ( QAM) through hands-on experiments using a National Instruments (NI) PXI system congured as a software-dened vector signal analyzer (VSA). LabView Virtual Instruments (VI's) provide an extensive set of software application capabilities for studying signals and their spectra using this equipment. In this module, students will gain a basic understanding of using the PXI system, while investigating the properties of M-QAM, constellation graphs and eye diagrams, and the eects of pulse shaping lters on the signal spectrum. QAM systems are used extensively in modern communication systems where maximum throughput is required under limited bandwidth conditions. Examples include V.92 modems included with most personal computer systems, and digital HDTV cable signals that use 64 or 256-QAM. This lab module comprises three sets of experiments. After describing details about the equipment setup, the rst part investigates a provided National Instruments VI to generate a QAM signal using the arbitrary waveform generator. In the second part, the capabilities of the VSA are explored, with application to spectral analysis of QAM signals. Finally, the third part provides experiments with digital QAM receivers and develops better understanding of the QAM waveform. * Version 1.1: May 4, :56 pm

2 OpenStax-CNX module: m Equipment The National Instruments NI PXI-1042Q is a powerful system that integrates one or more signal analysis and control modules into one system. For example, a fully software-dened transmitter, receiver, and analyzer system such as we study here include the following hardware modules: Arbitrary Waveform Generator (AWG, NI PXI-5421), Upconverter (NI PXI-5610), Downconverter (NI PXI-5600), and Digitizer (NI PXI- 5620). These modules are housed in a single chassis and integrated through an Embedded Controller (NI PXI-8186) and high-speed data bus. A typical conguration for the system is shown below in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 Figure 1. Typical set up for PXI system.

3 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 2 Figure 2. Front of National Instruments as congured in Figure 1. Connections between hardware units are made using rigid coax. The Up Converter and Down Converter can be directly connected if an RF channel is not desired, or can be bypassed completely. For example, for the particular NI-provided VI's discussed in this module, the AWG is directly connected to the Down Converter and bypasses the Up Converter. The hardware modules are briey described as follows: AWG: Arbitrary Waveform Generator. Capable of generating a wide range of test signals, from simple sine waves to complex M-PSK or M-QAM signals. The AWG output is xed at an intermediate frequency (IF) of 15 MHz. Up Converter: This device modulates the 15 MHz IF signal to any desired output frequency between 250 khz to 2.7 GHz. Down Converter: This device down converts a pass-band signal lying anywhere in the range 9 khz to 2.7 GHz to the digitizer input frequency at 15 MHz. Digitizer: Digitizes the 15 MHz IF signal and makes it available for further real-time digital signal processing by LabView application software. Controller: This is a Windows XP-based system that is tightly integrated with the other PXI modules. It provides device control and real-time analysis of digital signals under LabView Control.

4 OpenStax-CNX module: m Part 1: M-QAM Generation and Constellation Graph The Modulation Toolkit provided by NI includes a wide variety of example VI's that implement many dierent communication system functions. The rst exercise will familiarize the user with a VI tool that generates QAM signals, and to look at some of the important QAM parameters. Using the Windows File Explorer, locate the FGEN examples directory, which contains the signal generation VI's. In most installations it can be reached through the Start Menu as follows: 1. Start -> All Programs -> National Instruments -> Modulation -> LabVIEW Support -> Modulation Examples Folder -> FGEN examples. 2. Double click on the MT nifgen QAM Signal Generation.vi, which brings up the front panel for M-QAM generation shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 Figure 3. Front panel of MT nifgen QAM Signal Generation.vi 3.1 Parameter Setup Getting the VI to run properly depends on correct settings of the front-panel parameters. The following explains some of the more important parameter values.

5 OpenStax-CNX module: m NI-FGen Resource Name: the resource name of the device to use. In most installations, it should be set up as AWG, which refers to the NI PXI-5421 Arbitrary Waveform Generator. PN Sequence Order: The VI generates a repeating bit data stream based on a Pseudo-Noise (PN) sequence. The length of the sequence is L = 2 m 1, where m is the PN Sequence Order. For example, when m=5, the length of the repeating bit sequence is 2 m 1 = 31 bits. Symbol Rate, Hz: the number of transmitted symbols per second. Samples Per Symbol: the ratio of the sampling rate employed by system to the transmitter symbol rate. M-QAM: the modulation format. For example, 16-QAM utilizes log 2 16 = 4 bits per symbol. The supported M value ranges from 4 to 256 in increments of powers of two. TX Filter: the type of band-limiting lter employed at the transmitter for pulse-shaping the symbols output by the modulator. Three types are supported, None, Raised Cosine, and Root Raised Cosine. See the theory section. Alpha: the lter parameter for Raised Cosine and Root Raised Cosine. It ranges from 0 to 1. See the theory section. Filter Length: the length of the transmit pulse shaping lter in symbols. IF Frequency, Hz: the center frequency around which the analog passband signal is centered. This should be 15 MHz, which is entered as 15.0M (NOTE: the more detailed description of above parameters can be obtained by right clicking on the panel, then Properties and then Documentation.) 3.2 Theory Review Pulse shaping: Although square pulses can be used to represent the digital data (no lter option), this is not typically done in practice due the excessive bandwidth required. Instead, most systems employ pulse shaping to control bandwidth as well as to minimize Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI). The most common pulse shape has a raised-cosine frequency response, P(f), which can be shown to have zero ISI. The pulse shape, p(t), is derived by inverse Fourier transforming P(f). In many applications, this is implemented by using a pulse shape p r (t) computed from the inverse Fourier transform of the square root of P(f), which is called a root-raised cosine pulse. The receiver front-end lter frequency response is also designed to be the square root of P(f), which means that the overall transmitterreceiver response is P(f), and has zero ISI. Importantly, since the receiver's frequency response matches the pulse response, the result is called a matched lter receiver, which is known to give optimal performance in white noise. Filter length: the raised cosine or root-raised cosine pulses are derived from the P(f) or root P(f) by inverse Fourier transform. Unfortunately, the pulses p(t) and p r (t) are innite in time extent and can only be implemented by truncating them to some convenient nite length. In this VI, pulse length is referred to as the Filter Length, and is specied in terms of the number of symbols. For example, if lter length is set to 8, and there are 16 samples/symbol, then the pulse length is K=8x16=128 samples. Choosing K to be too small causes excessive distortion of the pulse shape and resulting signal spectrum. On the other hand, choosing the length to be too long causes noticeable delays in VI operation due to the increased computational expense of a longer lter. M-QAM: QAM works by using M dierent combinations of voltage magnitude and phase to represent N bits, as described by the relationship M = 2 N. When N is an even integer, the constellation is regular with I and Q each representing 2 N 1 bits. When N is an odd integer, the constellation is not necessarily symmetrical, and nding an optimal distribution of sample points is not straightforward. 3.3 Exercises It is recommended that students go through at least the following exercises. Of course, students are encouraged to play around with the parameters to build a rm understanding of this modulation technique.

6 OpenStax-CNX module: m Exercise 1: Choose M=4 (i.e., 4-QAM), with no pulse shaping. Note that this case corresponds to QPSK since amplitude values are equal for all symbols and four dierent phases are used to encode the binary data. Study carefully the constellation diagram. It shows In-phase (I) voltage on the horizontal axis and Quadrature (Q) voltage on the vertical axis. Signal values at the center of each symbol interval are marked with a dot, and lines are used to show transitions between symbols. An example constellation diagram is shown in Figure 4, and displays in-phase and quadrature voltages on the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. Note that the two voltage levels on the in-phase axis represent one bit, while the two quadrature voltage levels represent the second bit, for a total of two bits per pulse. Figure 4 Figure 4. Constellation graph of 4-QAM with no pulse shaping.

7 OpenStax-CNX module: m Exercise 2: Choose M=4 and pulse shaping with Raised Cosine. In Figure 5, note that transition paths are now arcs, corresponding to the more gradual voltage change between pulses. This reduces the required bandwidth for the signal. Figure 5 Figure 5. Constellation graph of 4-QAM with Raised Cosine pulse shaping. Exercise 3: Choose M=4 and pulse shaping with Root-Raised Cosine. As shown in Figure 6, the sample points (dots) are spread out and depend on the value of previous bits. This indicates that the current symbol is being interfered with by previous symbols, in other words we see inter-symbol interference. This is because the root-raised cosine pulse does not have the zero ISI property. Fortunately, the receivers root P(f) lter will restore zero-isi and this will not be a problem.

8 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 6 Figure 6. Constellation graph of 4-QAM with Root Raised Cosine pulse shaping. Exercise 4: Choose M=16. Now there are 4 in-phase voltage levels and 4 quadrature voltage levels at each sample point. This means that 2 bits can be represented by the I component and 2 bits by the Q component giving 4 bits per symbol. Since sample points are closer together than for M=4, the 16-QAM system is inherently more susceptible to noise. On the other hand, 16-QAM represents 4 bits/symbol compared to 2 bits/symbol for 4-QAM, providing double the throughput for the same transmission bandwidth. Example diagrams are shown in Figures 7-9.

9 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 7 Figure 7. Constellation graph of 16-QAM without pulse shaping.

10 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 8 Figure 8. Constellation graph of 16-QAM with Raised Cosine pulse shaping.

11 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 9 Figure 9. Constellation graph of 16-QAM with Root Raised Cosine pulse shaping. 4 Part 2: Spectrum Analysis The RFSA Demo VI provides a powerful spectrum analysis tool. When the Down Converter is connected to an appropriate antenna (and optionally a preamplier), the VI provides an eective way to look at many types of external RF signals and their spectra. When the Down Converter is attached directly to the AWG as in this set of exercises, the VI allows us to analyze the spectrum of a wide variety of signals that are generated using VI's in the Modulation Toolkit.

12 OpenStax-CNX module: m Theory Review The bandwidth of a QAM signal depends directly on the symbol rate, i.e., the number of symbols per second. The relationship of bandwidth to the data rate depends on the number of bits per symbol. For example, a 1 Mbps signal using 4-QAM has the same bandwidth as a 2 Mbps signal using 16-QAM since 16-QAM has twice as many bits per symbol. When rectangular pulse shapes are used (i.e., TX lter is none), the spectrum displays large side lobes compared to the main lobe, resulting in signicant band spread. The rst null is always the reciprocal of the pulse width τ, and the main lobe width is 1/2τ Hz wide. For example, using the default pulse rate of R=100,000 symbols/sec, the pulse width is τ =1/100000=.01ms, and the main lobe bandwidth is 2/.01ms = 200 khz. When raised-cosine or root raised-cosine pulses are used, the bandwidth is approximately B=(1+alpha) R, where alpha is the roll-o parameter set in the nifgen VI discussed in Part I. As discussed above, these pulses not only reduce inter-symbol interference, but do so with signicantly reduced bandwidth resulting from rounded pulse shape. Bandwidth ranges from R (alpha=0) to 2R (alpha=1) Hz. The trade o is that pulses for alpha close to 0 are very spread out, which increases susceptibility to ISI. Furthermore, the pulse is truncated when implemented in software, and this causes other unwanted artifacts. 4.2 Setup Go through the following steps to analyze the spectrum of the signal generated in Part Make sure the nifgen VI described in Part 1 is still running, and set the IF Frequency to be 15 MHz, set M-QAM to be 16, set TX Filter to be none, and keep all other parameters to the default. 2. Run the RFSA Demo Panel using the Windows Start button: Start - > All Programs -> National Instruments -> NI-RFSA -> RFSA Demo Panel. 3. Set up the Demo Panel parameters as follows: Center Frequency: the center frequency of displayed spectrum. It should be the same as the AWG IF of 15 MHz. Span: frequency span of the displayed spectrum. Initially set this to 2 MHz by entering 2.0 M into the parameter box. Alternatively, try checking the Start/Stop box. This changes the parameter boxes to be Starting Frequency and Stopping Frequency. The following diagram shows the front panel of the spectrum analyzer.

13 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 10 Figure 10. Spectrum of 16-QAM without pulse shaping. 4.3 Exercises and Questions: 1. Once you have a spectrum display, determine the frequencies of the rst and second zero crossings (nulls). Conrm that the main lobe bandwidth matches that given in the Theory Review. Are the nulls spaced by 1/2τ as discussed earlier? What is the amplitude of the second lobe relative to the highest lobe? 2. In the nifgen VI, change the type of TX Filter to raised cosine, and examine the corresponding spectrum. Try dierent values of Alpha and explain the changes. Recall that bandwidth is approximately B = (1+alpha) R. 3. Try dierent values of Filter Length in nifgen. As discussed in the Theory section in Part 1, this determines how much the pulse shape is truncated. What changes are seen in the spectrum when this parameter is made smaller? 4. Try dierent values of M in nifgen to change the number of bits per symbol, and repeat the above procedure. Explain the changes in bandwidth.

14 OpenStax-CNX module: m Part 3: 3-D Eye Diagram In this nal section, we investigate some of the digital receiver VI's that are available. Since the focus here is QAM, two VI's are of most interest: MT RFSA QAM Eye Diagram.vi and MT RFSA QAM 3D Eye Diagram.vi. We'll focus on the 3D Eye VI since it can produce all types of eye diagrams and constellation diagrams. Eye diagrams are useful in analysis and understanding digital communication waveforms. When eye diagrams and constellation diagrams are used together, they provide a nearly complete picture of the signal. One of the NI VI's, 3D Eye, combines these into a powerful 3-dimensional display that shows the tight link between these two types of diagrams. Eye diagrams can be thought of as an oscilloscope display where old traces are not erased but persist over time. Two eye diagrams are necessary for viewing the complete QAM signal, one to show the in-phase voltage waveform as a function of time, and one to show the quadrature waveform. In contrast, the constellation diagram shows the quadrature waveform on the vertical axis plotted against the in-phase waveform on the horizontal axis, without explicit dependence on time. The QAM signal is thus seen to be a three-dimensional I vs. Q vs. Time signal. Accordingly, the 3DEye Vi allows users to select I vs. Time, Q vs. Time, or I vs. Q. Most interestingly, users can click and drag the screen display to view the 3-D signal from any aspect. Although only a few exercises are suggested here, the main goal is to get users to play with dierent viewing angles in order to gain a more complete understanding of QAM and its properties. In particular note that when pulse shaping is used, the trajectories between sample points are smoothly curving across all dimensions. (Remember, a smooth waveform leads to reduced bandwidth). 1. To begin these exercises keep the coax cables hooked up the same as before. Exit the spectrum analysis VI, but make sure that the nifgen VI from Part 1 is still running. As described in Part 1, set up this VI with IF Frequency to be 15M Hz, set M-QAM to be 16, set TX Filter to be none, and keep all other parameters to the default. Run the module. 2. Go to the RFSA examples folder by using the Windows Start button: Start -> All Programs -> National Instruments -> Modulation -> LabVIEW Support -> Modulation Examples Folder -> RFSA examples. 3. Start the MT RFSA QAM 3DEye.vi, which brings up the front panel for 3-D Eye Diagram. To stop the module, click the STOP button. It takes a little while before the module stops, so just wait. 4. In the front panel, the Down Converter Device Number should be 2, and Digitizer Resource name is DAQ::5. These two parameters should already be set as the default. If not, change these two parameters properly and right click it. Go to Data Operations and then Make Current Value Default, this will make these values default. 5.1 Examples and Exercises The following examples illustrate some of the wide variety of analysis plots that are available in the 3D eye VI. To explore various waveforms, it is easy to adjust the QAM parameters in nifgen.vi in real time and observe the resulting eye diagram. The following diagram shows the 3D Eye front panel. Be sure to set up the receiver parameters (samples per symbol, M-QAM, etc.) to match those in the transmitter VI. To see the types of displays available, on the right side of the panel under Views click Constellation to get a constellation diagram. Then choose I-Eye or Q-Eye.

15 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 11 Figure 11. 3D Eye VI front panel Exercise 1: 4-QAM (no pulse shaping). While generating 4-QAM without pulse shaping, select a Constellation diagram. The result should resemble that in Figure 12. Then select I-Eye and Q-Eye diagrams. An example is shown in Figure 13. Since a square pulse is being used, the diagrams display the output of the lossy integrator implemented in the receiver. This results in ramp waveforms at symbol transitions.

16 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 12 Figure 12. Constellation graph of 4-QAM without pulse shaping.

17 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 13 Figure 13. In-phase eye diagram of 4-QAM without pulse shaping. Exercise 2: 4-QAM (with pulse shaping). While generating 4-QAM, change the nifgen to use pulse shaping with a raised cosine pulse. Select a constellation diagram, and verify that the result resembles that in Figure 14 Then view the I-Eye and Q-Eye diagrams. In this case, there is no receiver lter or integrator, so the constellation and eye diagrams directly reect the raised-cosine pulse waveform. An example eye diagram is shown in Figure 15. Now change the transmitter to use root raised-cosine pulses. Do you see any dierence in the receiver diagrams? Note that in this case the receiver applies a matched lter to produce the displayed output. The result should resemble the raised cosine pulse result seen in Figures 14 and 15.

18 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 14 Figure 14. Constellation diagram of 4-QAM with Raised Cosine pulse shaping.

19 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 15 Figure 15. In-phase eye diagram of 4-QAM with Raised Cosine pulse shaping. Exercise 3: 3D Eye diagram (16-QAM with no pulse shaping). Finally, we experiment with the 3D Eye capability of this VI. Begin by selecting 16-QAM and no pulse shaping in the transmitter VI. Select I-Eye as shown in Figure 16, and then Q-Eye and Constellation (not shown).

20 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 16 Figure 16. In-phase eye diagram for 16-QAM and no pulse shaping. To create a 3D eye diagram, simply use the mouse to hover the curser over the display. Click the left mouse button and drag the cursor around and a 3 dimensional view emerges. By moving the display around, one can generate in-phase vs. time, quadrature vs. time, in-phase vs. quadrature, and any combination of these views. An example is shown in Figure 17.

21 OpenStax-CNX module: m Figure 17 Figure 17. 3D Eye Diagram showing all 3 dimensions of the I/Q signal. Exercise 4: Playing around with the 3D Eye diagram. Take some time to play around with the 3D display. It is not only fascinating, but it provides valuable insight into how QAM really works. Try generating M-QAM signals for dierent values of M and check out the 3D Eye diagram from dierent observation angles. Next, use pulse shaping and try to understand how the constellation plots are consistent with the dierent eye diagram views.

Exploring QAM using LabView Simulation *

Exploring QAM using LabView Simulation * OpenStax-CNX module: m14499 1 Exploring QAM using LabView Simulation * Robert Kubichek This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 1 Exploring

More information

PGT313 Digital Communication Technology. Lab 3. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 8-Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK)

PGT313 Digital Communication Technology. Lab 3. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 8-Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK) PGT313 Digital Communication Technology Lab 3 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 8-Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK) Objectives i) To study the digitally modulated quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and

More information

Advanced Lab LAB 6: Signal Acquisition & Spectrum Analysis Using VirtualBench DSA Equipment: Objectives:

Advanced Lab LAB 6: Signal Acquisition & Spectrum Analysis Using VirtualBench DSA Equipment: Objectives: Advanced Lab LAB 6: Signal Acquisition & Spectrum Analysis Using VirtualBench DSA Equipment: Pentium PC with National Instruments PCI-MIO-16E-4 data-acquisition board (12-bit resolution; software-controlled

More information

LOOKING AT DATA SIGNALS

LOOKING AT DATA SIGNALS LOOKING AT DATA SIGNALS We diplay data signals graphically in many ways, ranging from textbook illustrations to test equipment screens. This note helps you integrate those views and to see how some modulation

More information

Laboratory Experiment #1 Introduction to Spectral Analysis

Laboratory Experiment #1 Introduction to Spectral Analysis J.B.Francis College of Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department 22-403 Laboratory Experiment #1 Introduction to Spectral Analysis Introduction The quantification of electrical energy can be accomplished

More information

II. LAB. * Open the LabVIEW program (Start > All Programs > National Instruments > LabVIEW 2012 > LabVIEW 2012)

II. LAB. * Open the LabVIEW program (Start > All Programs > National Instruments > LabVIEW 2012 > LabVIEW 2012) II. LAB Software Required: NI LabVIEW 2012, NI LabVIEW 4.3 Modulation Toolkit. Functions and VI (Virtual Instrument) from the LabVIEW software to be used in this lab: niusrp Open Tx Session (VI), niusrp

More information

LAB #7: Digital Signal Processing

LAB #7: Digital Signal Processing LAB #7: Digital Signal Processing Equipment: Pentium PC with NI PCI-MIO-16E-4 data-acquisition board NI BNC 2120 Accessory Box VirtualBench Instrument Library version 2.6 Function Generator (Tektronix

More information

Lab 2: Digital Modulations

Lab 2: Digital Modulations Lab 2: Digital Modulations Due: November 1, 2018 In this lab you will use a hardware device (RTL-SDR which has a frequency range of 25 MHz 1.75 GHz) to implement a digital receiver with Quaternary Phase

More information

Experiment # 5 Baseband Pulse Transmission

Experiment # 5 Baseband Pulse Transmission ECE 417 c 2017 Bruno Korst CommLab Name: Experiment # 5 Baseband Pulse Transmission Experiment Date: Student No.: Day of the week: Time: Name: Student No.: Grade: / 10 CHANNEL BIT SOURCE EYE DIAGRAM TX

More information

NI USRP Lab: DQPSK Transceiver Design

NI USRP Lab: DQPSK Transceiver Design NI USRP Lab: DQPSK Transceiver Design 1 Introduction 1.1 Aims This Lab aims for you to: understand the USRP hardware and capabilities; build a DQPSK receiver using LabVIEW and the USRP. By the end of this

More information

Digital Wireless Measurement Solution

Digital Wireless Measurement Solution Product Introduction Digital Wireless Measurement Solution Signal Analyzer MS2690A/MS2691A/MS2692A/MS2840A/MS2830A Vector Modulation Analysis Software MX269017A Vector Signal Generator MS269xA-020, MS2840A-020/021,

More information

Fig. 1. NI Elvis System

Fig. 1. NI Elvis System Lab 2: Introduction to I Elvis Environment. Objectives: The purpose of this laboratory is to provide an introduction to the NI Elvis design and prototyping environment. Basic operations provided by Elvis

More information

Digital Communication System

Digital Communication System Digital Communication System Purpose: communicate information at required rate between geographically separated locations reliably (quality) Important point: rate, quality spectral bandwidth, power requirements

More information

PAM Transmitter and Receiver Implementing Coherent Detection

PAM Transmitter and Receiver Implementing Coherent Detection OpenStax-CNX module: m18652 1 PAM Transmitter and Receiver Implementing Coherent Detection Ed Doering This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0

More information

Recap of Last 2 Classes

Recap of Last 2 Classes Recap of Last 2 Classes Transmission Media Analog versus Digital Signals Bandwidth Considerations Attentuation, Delay Distortion and Noise Nyquist and Shannon Analog Modulation Digital Modulation What

More information

Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory Lab#1: An introduction to basic digital baseband communication through MATLAB simulation Objective

Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory Lab#1: An introduction to basic digital baseband communication through MATLAB simulation Objective Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory Lab#1: An introduction to basic digital baseband communication through MATLAB simulation Objective The objective is to teach students a basic digital communication

More information

EE 4440 Comm Theory Lab 5 Line Codes

EE 4440 Comm Theory Lab 5 Line Codes EE 4440 Comm Theory Lab 5 Line Codes Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to investigate the properties of various line codes. Specific parameters investigated will be wave shape, bandwidth, and transparency.

More information

Mobile & Wireless Networking. Lecture 2: Wireless Transmission (2/2)

Mobile & Wireless Networking. Lecture 2: Wireless Transmission (2/2) 192620010 Mobile & Wireless Networking Lecture 2: Wireless Transmission (2/2) [Schiller, Section 2.6 & 2.7] [Reader Part 1: OFDM: An architecture for the fourth generation] Geert Heijenk Outline of Lecture

More information

Lecture 10 Performance of Communication System: Bit Error Rate (BER) EE4900/EE6720 Digital Communications

Lecture 10 Performance of Communication System: Bit Error Rate (BER) EE4900/EE6720 Digital Communications EE4900/EE6720: Digital Communications 1 Lecture 10 Performance of Communication System: Bit Error Rate (BER) Block Diagrams of Communication System Digital Communication System 2 Informatio n (sound, video,

More information

CT-516 Advanced Digital Communications

CT-516 Advanced Digital Communications CT-516 Advanced Digital Communications Yash Vasavada Winter 2017 DA-IICT Lecture 17 Channel Coding and Power/Bandwidth Tradeoff 20 th April 2017 Power and Bandwidth Tradeoff (for achieving a particular

More information

MAKING TRANSIENT ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS

MAKING TRANSIENT ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS MAKING TRANSIENT ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS Roger Dygert, Steven R. Nichols MI Technologies, 1125 Satellite Boulevard, Suite 100 Suwanee, GA 30024-4629 ABSTRACT In addition to steady state performance, antennas

More information

Getting Started Guide

Getting Started Guide MaxEye ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) Measurement Suite Version 1.0.5.3 Getting Started Guide Table of Contents 1. Introduction...3 2. Installed File Location...3 3. Soft Front Panel...5 3.1 MaxEye ZigBee Signal

More information

Chapter 7. Multiple Division Techniques

Chapter 7. Multiple Division Techniques Chapter 7 Multiple Division Techniques 1 Outline Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) Division Multiple Access (TDMA) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Comparison of FDMA, TDMA, and CDMA Walsh

More information

Outline. EECS 3213 Fall Sebastian Magierowski York University. Review Passband Modulation. Constellations ASK, FSK, PSK.

Outline. EECS 3213 Fall Sebastian Magierowski York University. Review Passband Modulation. Constellations ASK, FSK, PSK. EECS 3213 Fall 2014 L12: Modulation Sebastian Magierowski York University 1 Outline Review Passband Modulation ASK, FSK, PSK Constellations 2 1 Underlying Idea Attempting to send a sequence of digits through

More information

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall 2016 Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued 1 Topics Definitions Analog Transmission of Digital Data Digital Transmission of Analog Data Multiplexing 2 Different Types of

More information

Outline / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 5: Physical Layer Signal Propagation and Modulation

Outline / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 5: Physical Layer Signal Propagation and Modulation Outline 18-452/18-750 Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 5: Physical Layer Signal Propagation and Modulation Peter Steenkiste Carnegie Mellon University Spring Semester 2017 http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/wirelesss17/

More information

Lab 3.0. Pulse Shaping and Rayleigh Channel. Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology. The Communications Department

Lab 3.0. Pulse Shaping and Rayleigh Channel. Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology. The Communications Department Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology The Communications Department Course: Advanced Communication Lab [COMM 1005] Lab 3.0 Pulse Shaping and Rayleigh Channel 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Summary...

More information

BER Performance with GNU Radio

BER Performance with GNU Radio BER Performance with GNU Radio Digital Modulation Digital modulation is the process of translating a digital bit stream to analog waveforms that can be sent over a frequency band In digital modulation,

More information

Addressing the Challenges of Wideband Radar Signal Generation and Analysis. Marco Vivarelli Digital Sales Specialist

Addressing the Challenges of Wideband Radar Signal Generation and Analysis. Marco Vivarelli Digital Sales Specialist Addressing the Challenges of Wideband Radar Signal Generation and Analysis Marco Vivarelli Digital Sales Specialist Agenda Challenges of Wideband Signal Generation Challenges of Wideband Signal Analysis

More information

3.2 Measuring Frequency Response Of Low-Pass Filter :

3.2 Measuring Frequency Response Of Low-Pass Filter : 2.5 Filter Band-Width : In ideal Band-Pass Filters, the band-width is the frequency range in Hz where the magnitude response is at is maximum (or the attenuation is at its minimum) and constant and equal

More information

LAB II. INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW

LAB II. INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW 1. OBJECTIVE LAB II. INTRODUCTION TO LABVIEW In this lab, you are to gain a basic understanding of how LabView operates the lab equipment remotely. 2. OVERVIEW In the procedure of this lab, you will build

More information

COSC 3213: Computer Networks I: Chapter 3 Handout #4. Instructor: Dr. Marvin Mandelbaum Department of Computer Science York University Section A

COSC 3213: Computer Networks I: Chapter 3 Handout #4. Instructor: Dr. Marvin Mandelbaum Department of Computer Science York University Section A COSC 3213: Computer Networks I: Chapter 3 Handout #4 Instructor: Dr. Marvin Mandelbaum Department of Computer Science York University Section A Topics: 1. Line Coding: Unipolar, Polar,and Inverted ; Bipolar;

More information

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued

CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued CSCD 433 Network Programming Fall 2016 Lecture 5 Physical Layer Continued 1 Topics Definitions Analog Transmission of Digital Data Digital Transmission of Analog Data Multiplexing 2 Different Types of

More information

I-Q transmission. Lecture 17

I-Q transmission. Lecture 17 I-Q Transmission Lecture 7 I-Q transmission i Sending Digital Data Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK): sending binary data over a single frequency band Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK): sending twice

More information

Digital Communication System

Digital Communication System Digital Communication System Purpose: communicate information at certain rate between geographically separated locations reliably (quality) Important point: rate, quality spectral bandwidth requirement

More information

Simulating and Testing of Signal Processing Methods for Frequency Stepped Chirp Radar

Simulating and Testing of Signal Processing Methods for Frequency Stepped Chirp Radar Test & Measurement Simulating and Testing of Signal Processing Methods for Frequency Stepped Chirp Radar Modern radar systems serve a broad range of commercial, civil, scientific and military applications.

More information

June 09, 2014 Document Version: 1.1.0

June 09, 2014 Document Version: 1.1.0 DVB-T2 Analysis Toolkit Data Sheet An ideal solution for SFN network planning, optimization, maintenance and Broadcast Equipment Testing June 09, 2014 Document Version: 1.1.0 Contents 1. Overview... 3

More information

Contents CALIBRATION PROCEDURE NI PXI-5422

Contents CALIBRATION PROCEDURE NI PXI-5422 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE NI PXI-5422 This document contains instructions for calibrating the NI PXI-5422 arbitrary waveform generator. This calibration procedure is intended for metrology labs. It describes

More information

Chapter 6 Passband Data Transmission

Chapter 6 Passband Data Transmission Chapter 6 Passband Data Transmission Passband Data Transmission concerns the Transmission of the Digital Data over the real Passband channel. 6.1 Introduction Categories of digital communications (ASK/PSK/FSK)

More information

ECE 2111 Signals and Systems Spring 2009, UMD Experiment 3: The Spectrum Analyzer

ECE 2111 Signals and Systems Spring 2009, UMD Experiment 3: The Spectrum Analyzer ECE 2111 Signals and Systems Spring 2009, UMD Experiment 3: The Spectrum Analyzer Objective: Student will gain an understanding of the basic controls and measurement techniques of the Rohde & Schwarz Handheld

More information

Exercise 3-2. Digital Modulation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE DISCUSSION. PSK digital modulation

Exercise 3-2. Digital Modulation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE DISCUSSION. PSK digital modulation Exercise 3-2 Digital Modulation EXERCISE OBJECTIVE When you have completed this exercise, you will be familiar with PSK digital modulation and with a typical QPSK modulator and demodulator. DISCUSSION

More information

END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATIONS ELEC321 Communication Systems (D2) Tuesday, 22 November 2005, 9:20 a.m. Three hours plus 10 minutes reading time.

END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATIONS ELEC321 Communication Systems (D2) Tuesday, 22 November 2005, 9:20 a.m. Three hours plus 10 minutes reading time. END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATIONS 2005 Unit: Day and Time: Time Allowed: ELEC321 Communication Systems (D2) Tuesday, 22 November 2005, 9:20 a.m. Three hours plus 10 minutes reading time. Total Number of Questions:

More information

PXIe Contents SPECIFICATIONS. 14 GHz and 26.5 GHz Vector Signal Analyzer

PXIe Contents SPECIFICATIONS. 14 GHz and 26.5 GHz Vector Signal Analyzer SPECIFICATIONS PXIe-5668 14 GHz and 26.5 GHz Vector Signal Analyzer These specifications apply to the PXIe-5668 (14 GHz) Vector Signal Analyzer and the PXIe-5668 (26.5 GHz) Vector Signal Analyzer with

More information

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY /6.071 Introduction to Electronics, Signals and Measurement Spring 2006

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY /6.071 Introduction to Electronics, Signals and Measurement Spring 2006 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY.071/6.071 Introduction to Electronics, Signals and Measurement Spring 006 Lab. Introduction to signals. Goals for this Lab: Further explore the lab hardware. The oscilloscope

More information

Improving Amplitude Accuracy with Next-Generation Signal Generators

Improving Amplitude Accuracy with Next-Generation Signal Generators Improving Amplitude Accuracy with Next-Generation Signal Generators Generate True Performance Signal generators offer precise and highly stable test signals for a variety of components and systems test

More information

Basic Concepts in Data Transmission

Basic Concepts in Data Transmission Basic Concepts in Data Transmission EE450: Introduction to Computer Networks Professor A. Zahid A.Zahid-EE450 1 Data and Signals Data is an entity that convey information Analog Continuous values within

More information

Adoption of this document as basis for broadband wireless access PHY

Adoption of this document as basis for broadband wireless access PHY Project Title Date Submitted IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group Proposal on modulation methods for PHY of FWA 1999-10-29 Source Jay Bao and Partha De Mitsubishi Electric ITA 571 Central

More information

S240. Real Time Spectrum Analysis Software Application. Product Brochure

S240. Real Time Spectrum Analysis Software Application. Product Brochure Product Brochure S240 Real Time Spectrum Analysis Software Application Featuring Clean, simple and user friendly graphical user interface (GUI) Three visualization modes Spectrogram, Persistence & Time

More information

PGT313 Digital Communication Technology. Lab 6. Spectrum Analysis of CDMA Signal

PGT313 Digital Communication Technology. Lab 6. Spectrum Analysis of CDMA Signal PGT313 Digital Communication Technology Lab 6 Spectrum Analysis of CDMA Signal Objectives i) To measure the channel power of a CDMA modulated RF signal using an oscilloscope and the VSA software ii) To

More information

ON SYMBOL TIMING RECOVERY IN ALL-DIGITAL RECEIVERS

ON SYMBOL TIMING RECOVERY IN ALL-DIGITAL RECEIVERS ON SYMBOL TIMING RECOVERY IN ALL-DIGITAL RECEIVERS 1 Ali A. Ghrayeb New Mexico State University, Box 30001, Dept 3-O, Las Cruces, NM, 88003 (e-mail: aghrayeb@nmsu.edu) ABSTRACT Sandia National Laboratories

More information

ET 304A Laboratory Tutorial-Circuitmaker For Transient and Frequency Analysis

ET 304A Laboratory Tutorial-Circuitmaker For Transient and Frequency Analysis ET 304A Laboratory Tutorial-Circuitmaker For Transient and Frequency Analysis All circuit simulation packages that use the Pspice engine allow users to do complex analysis that were once impossible to

More information

ME scope Application Note 01 The FFT, Leakage, and Windowing

ME scope Application Note 01 The FFT, Leakage, and Windowing INTRODUCTION ME scope Application Note 01 The FFT, Leakage, and Windowing NOTE: The steps in this Application Note can be duplicated using any Package that includes the VES-3600 Advanced Signal Processing

More information

Receiver Designs for the Radio Channel

Receiver Designs for the Radio Channel Receiver Designs for the Radio Channel COS 463: Wireless Networks Lecture 15 Kyle Jamieson [Parts adapted from C. Sodini, W. Ozan, J. Tan] Today 1. Delay Spread and Frequency-Selective Fading 2. Time-Domain

More information

ELT COMMUNICATION THEORY

ELT COMMUNICATION THEORY ELT 41307 COMMUNICATION THEORY Project work, Fall 2017 Experimenting an elementary single carrier M QAM based digital communication chain 1 ASSUMED SYSTEM MODEL AND PARAMETERS 1.1 SYSTEM MODEL In this

More information

Modulation. Digital Data Transmission. COMP476 Networked Computer Systems. Sine Waves vs. Square Waves. Fourier Series. Modulation

Modulation. Digital Data Transmission. COMP476 Networked Computer Systems. Sine Waves vs. Square Waves. Fourier Series. Modulation Digital Data Transmission Modulation Digital data is usually considered a series of binary digits. RS-232-C transmits data as square waves. COMP476 Networked Computer Systems Sine Waves vs. Square Waves

More information

Getting Started Guide

Getting Started Guide MaxEye IEEE 0.15.4 UWB Measurement Suite Version 1.0.0 Getting Started Guide 1 Table of Contents 1. Introduction... 3. Installed File Location... 3 3. Programming Examples... 4 3.1. 0.15.4 UWB Signal Generation...

More information

Report Due: 21:00, 3/17, 2017

Report Due: 21:00, 3/17, 2017 Report Due: 21:00, 3/17, 2017 In this course, we would like to learn how communication systems work from labs. For this purpose, LabVIEW is used to simulate these systems, and USRP is used to implement

More information

UCE-DSO212 DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE USER MANUAL. UCORE ELECTRONICS

UCE-DSO212 DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE USER MANUAL. UCORE ELECTRONICS UCE-DSO212 DIGITAL OSCILLOSCOPE USER MANUAL UCORE ELECTRONICS www.ucore-electronics.com 2017 Contents 1. Introduction... 2 2. Turn on or turn off... 3 3. Oscilloscope Mode... 4 3.1. Display Description...

More information

Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology. The Communications Department. Course: Advanced Communication Lab [COMM 1005] Lab 6.

Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology. The Communications Department. Course: Advanced Communication Lab [COMM 1005] Lab 6. Faculty of Information Engineering & Technology The Communications Department Course: Advanced Communication Lab [COMM 1005] Lab 6.0 NI USRP 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Summary... 2 3 Background:... 3 Software

More information

Lab 1B LabVIEW Filter Signal

Lab 1B LabVIEW Filter Signal Lab 1B LabVIEW Filter Signal Due Thursday, September 12, 2013 Submit Responses to Questions (Hardcopy) Equipment: LabVIEW Setup: Open LabVIEW Skills learned: Create a low- pass filter using LabVIEW and

More information

Experiment 2: Electronic Enhancement of S/N and Boxcar Filtering

Experiment 2: Electronic Enhancement of S/N and Boxcar Filtering Experiment 2: Electronic Enhancement of S/N and Boxcar Filtering Synopsis: A simple waveform generator will apply a triangular voltage ramp through an R/C circuit. A storage digital oscilloscope, or an

More information

QUESTION BANK SUBJECT: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (15EC61)

QUESTION BANK SUBJECT: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (15EC61) QUESTION BANK SUBJECT: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (15EC61) Module 1 1. Explain Digital communication system with a neat block diagram. 2. What are the differences between digital and analog communication systems?

More information

8A. ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SOUNDS. Amplitude, loudness, and decibels

8A. ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SOUNDS. Amplitude, loudness, and decibels 8A. ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX SOUNDS Amplitude, loudness, and decibels Last week we found that we could synthesize complex sounds with a particular frequency, f, by adding together sine waves from the harmonic

More information

Innovative Communications Experiments Using an Integrated Design Laboratory

Innovative Communications Experiments Using an Integrated Design Laboratory Innovative Communications Experiments Using an Integrated Design Laboratory Frank K. Tuffner, John W. Pierre, Robert F. Kubichek University of Wyoming Abstract In traditional undergraduate teaching laboratory

More information

AC : LOW-COST VECTOR SIGNAL ANALYZER FOR COMMUNICATION EXPERIMENTS

AC : LOW-COST VECTOR SIGNAL ANALYZER FOR COMMUNICATION EXPERIMENTS AC 2007-3034: LOW-COST VECTOR SIGNAL ANALYZER FOR COMMUNICATION EXPERIMENTS Frank Tuffner, University of Wyoming FRANK K. TUFFNER received his B.S. degree (2002) and M.S. degree (2004) in EE from the University

More information

Drawing Bode Plots (The Last Bode Plot You Will Ever Make) Charles Nippert

Drawing Bode Plots (The Last Bode Plot You Will Ever Make) Charles Nippert Drawing Bode Plots (The Last Bode Plot You Will Ever Make) Charles Nippert This set of notes describes how to prepare a Bode plot using Mathcad. Follow these instructions to draw Bode plot for any transfer

More information

Practical issue: Group definition. TSTE17 System Design, CDIO. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Components of a digital communication system

Practical issue: Group definition. TSTE17 System Design, CDIO. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Components of a digital communication system 1 2 TSTE17 System Design, CDIO Introduction telecommunication OFDM principle How to combat ISI How to reduce out of band signaling Practical issue: Group definition Project group sign up list will be put

More information

Spectrum Analysis: The FFT Display

Spectrum Analysis: The FFT Display Spectrum Analysis: The FFT Display Equipment: Capstone, voltage sensor 1 Introduction It is often useful to represent a function by a series expansion, such as a Taylor series. There are other series representations

More information

EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS

EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS EET 223 RF COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS Experimental Goals A good technician needs to make accurate measurements, keep good records and know the proper usage and limitations of the instruments

More information

Experiment 1 Introduction to MATLAB and Simulink

Experiment 1 Introduction to MATLAB and Simulink Experiment 1 Introduction to MATLAB and Simulink INTRODUCTION MATLAB s Simulink is a powerful modeling tool capable of simulating complex digital communications systems under realistic conditions. It includes

More information

Pitch Detection Algorithms

Pitch Detection Algorithms OpenStax-CNX module: m11714 1 Pitch Detection Algorithms Gareth Middleton This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 1.0 Abstract Two algorithms to

More information

Amplitude Modulation, II

Amplitude Modulation, II Amplitude Modulation, II Single sideband modulation (SSB) Vestigial sideband modulation (VSB) VSB spectrum Modulator and demodulator NTSC TV signsals Quadrature modulation Spectral efficiency Modulator

More information

An Introduction to the FDM-TDM Digital Transmultiplexer: Appendix C *

An Introduction to the FDM-TDM Digital Transmultiplexer: Appendix C * OpenStax-CNX module: m32675 1 An Introduction to the FDM-TDM Digital Transmultiplexer: Appendix C * John Treichler This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution

More information

Computer Networks. Practice Set I. Dr. Hussein Al-Bahadili

Computer Networks. Practice Set I. Dr. Hussein Al-Bahadili بسم االله الرحمن الرحيم Computer Networks Practice Set I Dr. Hussein Al-Bahadili (1/11) Q. Circle the right answer. 1. Before data can be transmitted, they must be transformed to. (a) Periodic signals

More information

Lab Report #10 Alex Styborski, Daniel Telesman, and Josh Kauffman Group 12 Abstract

Lab Report #10 Alex Styborski, Daniel Telesman, and Josh Kauffman Group 12 Abstract Lab Report #10 Alex Styborski, Daniel Telesman, and Josh Kauffman Group 12 Abstract During lab 10, students carried out four different experiments, each one showing the spectrum of a different wave form.

More information

SIGNAL PROCESSING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION RF TEST AND MEASUREMENT AUTOMOTIVE DEFENSE AND AEROSPACE

SIGNAL PROCESSING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION RF TEST AND MEASUREMENT AUTOMOTIVE DEFENSE AND AEROSPACE SIGNAL PROCESSING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION RF TEST AND MEASUREMENT AUTOMOTIVE DEFENSE AND AEROSPACE Your One-Stop Provider for In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI Test), Set-Top-Box, Digital TV Mobile TV test solution.

More information

Pre-Lab. Introduction

Pre-Lab. Introduction Pre-Lab Read through this entire lab. Perform all of your calculations (calculated values) prior to making the required circuit measurements. You may need to measure circuit component values to obtain

More information

P a g e 1 ST985. TDR Cable Analyzer Instruction Manual. Analog Arts Inc.

P a g e 1 ST985. TDR Cable Analyzer Instruction Manual. Analog Arts Inc. P a g e 1 ST985 TDR Cable Analyzer Instruction Manual Analog Arts Inc. www.analogarts.com P a g e 2 Contents Software Installation... 4 Specifications... 4 Handling Precautions... 4 Operation Instruction...

More information

WiMAX (IEEE ) Vector Signal Analysis Software

WiMAX (IEEE ) Vector Signal Analysis Software The 89600 VSA software shown in this document has been replaced by the new 89600B VSA software, which enables more simultaneous views of virtually every aspect of complex wireless signals. The instructions

More information

EL6483: Sensors and Actuators

EL6483: Sensors and Actuators EL6483: Sensors and Actuators EL6483 Spring 2016 EL6483 EL6483: Sensors and Actuators Spring 2016 1 / 15 Sensors Sensors measure signals from the external environment. Various types of sensors Variety

More information

Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory #2. Understanding test equipments. The students will be familiar with the following items:

Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory #2. Understanding test equipments. The students will be familiar with the following items: Wireless Communication Systems Laboratory #2 Understanding test equipments Objective The students will be familiar with the following items: Signal generation and analysis tools Description of the laboratory

More information

An Introductory Guide to Circuit Simulation using NI Multisim 12

An Introductory Guide to Circuit Simulation using NI Multisim 12 School of Engineering and Technology An Introductory Guide to Circuit Simulation using NI Multisim 12 This booklet belongs to: This document provides a brief overview and introductory tutorial for circuit

More information

Environment Signals Plug-in Application Printable Help Document

Environment Signals Plug-in Application Printable Help Document xx ZZZ Environment Signals Plug-in Application Printable Help Document *P077140100* 077-1401-00 ZZZ Environment Signals Plug-in Application Printable Help Document www.tek.com 077-1401-00 Copyright Tektronix.

More information

Getting Started Guide

Getting Started Guide MaxEye Digital Video Signal Analysis Toolkit DAB/T-DMB Version 1.0.1 Getting Started Guide Contents 1. Introduction... 3 2. Installed File Location... 3 3. Programming Examples... 3 3.1. Measure Modulation

More information

ME 365 EXPERIMENT 1 FAMILIARIZATION WITH COMMONLY USED INSTRUMENTATION

ME 365 EXPERIMENT 1 FAMILIARIZATION WITH COMMONLY USED INSTRUMENTATION Objectives: ME 365 EXPERIMENT 1 FAMILIARIZATION WITH COMMONLY USED INSTRUMENTATION The primary goal of this laboratory is to study the operation and limitations of several commonly used pieces of instrumentation:

More information

LLS - Introduction to Equipment

LLS - Introduction to Equipment Published on Advanced Lab (http://experimentationlab.berkeley.edu) Home > LLS - Introduction to Equipment LLS - Introduction to Equipment All pages in this lab 1. Low Light Signal Measurements [1] 2. Introduction

More information

Your first NMR measurement

Your first NMR measurement Your first NMR measurement Introduction Select 10mM water in D2O as NMR sample. The NMR spectrum of such sample consists of only two signals: the water signal and the peak of the reference (TSP). Follow

More information

Getting Started Guide

Getting Started Guide MaxEye Digital Audio and Video Signal Generation ISDB-T Signal Generation Toolkit Version 2.0.0 Getting Started Guide Contents 1 Introduction... 3 2 Installed File Location... 3 2.1 Soft Front Panel...

More information

Signal Generators for Anritsu RF and Microwave Handheld Instruments

Signal Generators for Anritsu RF and Microwave Handheld Instruments Measurement Guide Signal Generators for Anritsu RF and Microwave Handheld Instruments BTS Master Spectrum Master Tracking Generator Option 20 Vector signal Generator Option 23 Anritsu Company 490 Jarvis

More information

BME/ISE 3511 Laboratory One - Laboratory Equipment for Measurement. Introduction to biomedical electronic laboratory instrumentation and measurements.

BME/ISE 3511 Laboratory One - Laboratory Equipment for Measurement. Introduction to biomedical electronic laboratory instrumentation and measurements. BME/ISE 3511 Laboratory One - Laboratory Equipment for Measurement Learning Objectives: Introduction to biomedical electronic laboratory instrumentation and measurements. Supplies and Components: Breadboard

More information

PHYC 500: Introduction to LabView. Exercise 9 (v 1.1) Spectral content of waveforms. M.P. Hasselbeck, University of New Mexico

PHYC 500: Introduction to LabView. Exercise 9 (v 1.1) Spectral content of waveforms. M.P. Hasselbeck, University of New Mexico PHYC 500: Introduction to LabView M.P. Hasselbeck, University of New Mexico Exercise 9 (v 1.1) Spectral content of waveforms This exercise provides additional experience with the Waveform palette, along

More information

(Refer Slide Time: 01:45)

(Refer Slide Time: 01:45) Digital Communication Professor Surendra Prasad Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Module 01 Lecture 21 Passband Modulations for Bandlimited Channels In our discussion

More information

Agilent PSA Series Spectrum Analyzers Self-Guided Demonstration for GSM and EDGE Measurements

Agilent PSA Series Spectrum Analyzers Self-Guided Demonstration for GSM and EDGE Measurements Agilent PSA Series Spectrum Analyzers Self-Guided Demonstration for GSM and EDGE Measurements Product Note This demonstration guide is a tool to help you gain familiarity with the basic functions and important

More information

Research on key digital modulation techniques using GNU Radio

Research on key digital modulation techniques using GNU Radio Research on key digital modulation techniques using GNU Radio Tianning Shen Yuanchao Lu I. Introduction Software Defined Radio (SDR) is the technique that uses software to realize the function of the traditional

More information

Be aware that there is no universal notation for the various quantities.

Be aware that there is no universal notation for the various quantities. Fourier Optics v2.4 Ray tracing is limited in its ability to describe optics because it ignores the wave properties of light. Diffraction is needed to explain image spatial resolution and contrast and

More information

Lecture 3: Wireless Physical Layer: Modulation Techniques. Mythili Vutukuru CS 653 Spring 2014 Jan 13, Monday

Lecture 3: Wireless Physical Layer: Modulation Techniques. Mythili Vutukuru CS 653 Spring 2014 Jan 13, Monday Lecture 3: Wireless Physical Layer: Modulation Techniques Mythili Vutukuru CS 653 Spring 2014 Jan 13, Monday Modulation We saw a simple example of amplitude modulation in the last lecture Modulation how

More information

OpenStax-CNX module: m Caller ID Decoder * Ed Doering

OpenStax-CNX module: m Caller ID Decoder * Ed Doering OpenStax-CNX module: m18708 1 Caller ID Decoder * Ed Doering This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 This module refers to LabVIEW, a software

More information

UNIT 2 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION-Introduction The techniques used to modulate digital information so that it can be transmitted via microwave, satellite or down a cable pair is different

More information

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY

TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY TSEK02: Radio Electronics Lecture 2: Modulation (I) Ted Johansson, EKS, ISY An Overview of Modulation Techniques: chapter 3.1 3.3.1 2 Introduction (3.1) Analog Modulation Amplitude Modulation Phase and

More information

ni.com The NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver World s First Software-Designed Instrument

ni.com The NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver World s First Software-Designed Instrument The NI PXIe-5644R Vector Signal Transceiver World s First Software-Designed Instrument Agenda Hardware Overview Tenets of a Software-Designed Instrument NI PXIe-5644R Software Example Modifications Available

More information