A Critical-Conduction-Mode Bridgeless Interleaved Boost Power Factor Correction
|
|
- Morris Hamilton
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A CriticalConductionMode Bridgeless Interleaved Boost Power Factor Correction Its Control Scheme Based on Commonly Available Controller PEDS2009 E. Firmansyah, S. Abe, M. Shoyama Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering Graduate School of ISEE, Kyushu University Fukuoka, Japan S. Tomioka SPS R&D Division TDKLambda Corporation Fukuoka, Japan Abstract This paper describes about how to utilize the industry standard critical conduction mode (CRM) boost interleaved power factor correction (PFC) control IC in a bridgeless environment. The proposed control technique is based on control signal diversion. It makes the bridgeless CRM boost interleaved PFC control signal looks like a conventional bridgedcrm boost interleaved PFC to the control IC. The presented solution has proven for its simplicity and its feasibility. In this paper, the control theory, considerations, and experiment data will be thoroughly presented. Keywordscriticalconductionmode (CRM); bridgeless; interleaved; boost;power factor correction; control scheme. T. Ninomiya Energy Electronics Laboratory Faculty of Engineering, Nagasaki University Nagasaki, Japan I. INTRODUCTION The bridgeless boost PFC was born in order to maximize converter's efficiency. In that circuit, the number of semiconductor used in the line current path is reduced [1]. It lessens the energy loss that usually occurs inside bridged PFC circuit. In other side, criticalconductionmode (CRM) interleaved boost powerfactorcorrection (PFC) has started to gain widespread acceptance. This topology is characterized by simple control scheme, zerocurrentswitch (ZCS) during switch turnon transition, and to some degree it also possible to have zerovoltageswitch (ZVS) turnon transition. Moreover, the interleaved technique reduces the input current ripple. Therefore, its wave shape is quite similar to the infamous continuousconductionmode (CCM) boost converter [2]. Those ZCS, ZVS, and lowripple input current of [2] not only make the converter efficiency increase but also reduce the conducted EMI. Other than that, those good characters can be achieved by smaller inductor, reasonable size capacitor, and lessideal switches and diodes. Therefore, it is reasonable to combine both technique the bridgeless and the CRM interleaved boost PFC to a new topology and expecting that those good characters be also inherited. Fig. 1. The proposed CRM bridgeless interleaved boost PFC. However, industry standard IC for the new topology has not yet been available. Therefore, a proprietary control circuit should be created. The control circuit could be based on analog, digital, or mixed analogdigital circuit. However, this new control circuit should faces for several drawbacks those are commonly found in a proprietary circuit; high cost, not yet well proven, and lack of well protection circuit. This paper explains about the control scheme of a bridgeless CRM interleaved boost PFC based on a wellproven, commonly available, and low cost control IC that is normally targeted for conventional CRM boost PFC. The theoretical background about how to use the IC in bridgeless environment and some real circuit performance reports will be thoroughly described. II. THE CRM BRIDGELESS INTERLEAVED PFC Fig. 1 shows the proposed converter. The circuit is based on totempole dualboost PFC rectifier [1]. This topology has been chosen the base circuit as it gives least component number and simpler implementation circuit while operated under interleaved scheme. 109
2 Fig. 3. Illustration of CRM boost PFC input current waveform. (a) (b) Fig. 2. Switch operation during (a) positive and (b) negative phase of V i. Moreover, the topology is only suitable for discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and CRM operation. The operating condition limitation is caused by slow reverse recovery characteristics of the switches body diode. It is also mentioned in [3] that the base topology is less susceptible from commonmode noise problem that is normally occurs in basic bridgeless circuit [4]. The proposed converter consists of two inductors and four switches. Those components create two legs with L 1, S 1, and S 2 form leg 1 while L 2, S 3, and S 4 form leg 2. The legs operate under interleaved scheme to reduce the input current ripple. Two line frequency diodes (D 1 and D 2 ) are also implemented in this scheme, similar to the original topology in [1]. However, they carry continuous current due to interleaved operation nature of this proposed scheme instead of pulsating and discontinuous one. A. Basic operating principle Switches on Fig. 1 are grouped into positivephase group (S 2 and S 4 ) and negativephase group (S 1 and S 3 ). The positivephase group operates as boostswitches during positive phase of input voltage V i. During this period, bodydiodes of the negativephase group act as the catch diodes. In this phase, return current is delivered by D 2. The converter operation during this stage is illustrated by Fig. 2. (a). When V i is in its negative phase, the opposite condition occurs. Through out this time, negativephase group operates as the boost switches and the positivephase group body diodes work as the catch diodes. Return current is handled by D 1. Fig. 2 (b) depicts this condition. B. The interleave scheme Leg 1 (S 1 and S 2 ) and leg 2 (S 3 and S 4 ) form complete functional block of a boost converter. The control circuit orchestrated operation of both legs to be 180 degrees out of phase. In other word, those boost converters are under interleaved operation. As D 1 and D 2 carry the sum current of interleaved leg 1 and leg 2, it contains relatively small amount of ripple. Otherwise, the ripple current will be significant as normally happens in conventional CRM boost PFC. C. The critical conduction mode operation Fig. 3 illustrates the inductor current i L condition related to the programmed input current i i in a CRM boost PFC converter. The figure shows that i L is switched very fast between zero to two times i i in order to be proportional to V i hence gives good power factor. i i can be calculated by (1). It is apparent from the equation that t on should be kept constant at least for one cycle of V i in order to make i i proportional to V i. i 1 1 ii = Vi t 2 on (1) L L ( V V ) i o = toff (2) L t off can be determined based on (2) when i L equal to zero. t off varies as a function of phase θ as its value is determined by V i (θ). Equation (1) should be multiplied by two in order to determine the i i for an interleaved boost PFC converter. That is because the referred converter consists of two inductors that carry the same amount of current with 180 degrees out of phase. 110
3 C S1 v S1=0 C S3 v S3 =0 C D1 v D1=0 V i L 1 L 2 C R L V L C S2 C S4 v S2=V L C D2 v S4=V L v D2=V L Fig. 6. The circuit configuration during phase transition from () to (). Fig. 4. Keywaveforms of a boost converter working under CRM. Fig. 4 describe an interesting phenomenon occurs in a CRM boost converter. Resonant condition between input inductor and the switch parasitic capacitance occurs during t d. At certain time and conditions, this may completely discharge the parasitic capacitance of the switch. When considered properly, it is possible for the switch to turnon under ZVS condition. This results in higher converter efficiency. D. The voltage ringing problem around zerocrossing point Every time V i crossing the zero point toward a new phase, the proposed converter enters an idle condition. Its waveforms during idle and some period after that is shown in Fig. 5. The circuit configuration at that time is shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 6 illustrates the circuit condition during () to () phase transition. It is shown here that during idle time, parasitic capacitance of the switches and diodes dominate the converter state. Those capacitances are charged to certain value depend on the former operating condition whether positive or negative phase. Phase detected VDS1 (250 V/div) VDS2 (250 V/div) Vi (50 V/div) 1 st PWM signal Oscillate VL1 (250 V/div) Phase (20 V/div) VGS2 (20 V/div) Careful attention should be made on the capacitances of the two diodes. During () to () phase transition, for example, the parasitic capacitance of diode 2 (C D2 ) is charged up to V L while voltages of C D1 is nearly zero. When the first PWM signal occurs, C D2 will be discharged through the input inductance and V i. Here, discharging process is under resonant condition among the input inductance and the parallelconnected parasitic capacitance of diodes. It should be noted that at this moment, V i is still very small and is in phase to the charge stored inside C D1. This creates current pulse and excites quite disturbing voltage and current oscillation as shown in Fig. 5. The oscillating voltage and currents might result in several problems like: 1. momentarily wrong phase detection that result in shoot trough of the V L to the V i. It gives significant penalty to the converter efficiency and even to the destruction of the converter, 2. increasing the cusp distortion around zerocrossing point that result in higher input current THD, 3. significantly, increase the converter s conducted EMI. Those list figure out that the ringing should be addressed properly in order to achieve good performance of the proposed converter. III. CONTROL SCHEME A. The Conventional Control IC A conventional CRM interleaved boost PFC control circuit needs to monitor at least two kinds of input in order to maintain its operation: (1) output voltage V L and (2) zerocrossing instant time of current in each inductor [5, 6]. The controller may need additional auxiliary input in order to improve its performance. However, those two basic inputs are mandatory. Fig. 7 illustrates the block diagram of the referred controller. VD1 (250 V/div) VD2 (250 V/div) Idle 50 us/div ii (2 A/div) Oscillate Fig. 5. The proposed topology keywaveforms during phase transition. Fig. 7. Conventional CRM interleaved boost PFC block diagram. 111
4 blanking V i t I i Fig. 10. Blanking mechanism inside the phase detector circuit to avoid wrong phase detection due to noise. Fig. 8. The proposed control scheme for the CRM bridgeless interleaved boost PFC converter. B. Required Control Operation for the Propossed Converter The proposed converter possesses two differences to the conventional CRM interleaved boost PFC those are: (1) L 1 and L 2 now located in ac side instead of dc side and (2) switches group operation should be synchronized to the input line voltage. Additional circuits should be added to the conventional control IC therefore it could be used to control the proposed converter. Those additional circuits are: 1) Phase detector circuit This circuit generates [Ph. ] signal when the input voltage V i is positive and generates [Ph. ] when V i is negative. Those signals are used as references to other extracircuits in order to maintain proper control operation. The block diagram of the phase detector circuit is shown in Fig. 9. In that block diagram, two nonretrigerable astables are used as blanking mechanism to avoid wrong phase detection during voltage ringing period around zerocrossing point of V i. Fig. 10 illustrates the aforementioned blanking mechanism inside phase detection circuit. During blanking period, output of the phase detector circuit is maintained stable irrespective to the actual V i condition. With this mechanism, wrong phase detection caused by input voltage ringing around zerocrossing point can be avoided. 2) Zerocurrent signal diverter circuit In the proposed topology, L 1 and L 2 are positioned in ac side instead of dc side like in a conventional CRM interleaved PFC circuit. Positioned in ac side means the zerocurrent signal generated by the sense windings will change its polarity every time V i changes its phase. Controller of a conventional CRM interleaved boost converter normally relies on certain logic condition to determine the occurrence of zerocrossing point of current in L 1 and L 2. In order to make the controller sense the same environment, two kinds of adaptations are required; (1) change the sense winding from single winding into centertapped winding and (2) implement a signal diverter circuit. Implementation of the above scheme is depicted in Fig. 11. In that circuit, the positive side of the sense coil will be connected to the zerocurrent detector circuit of the control IC when [Ph. ] signal is active. Otherwise, negative sense coil will be connected to it when [Ph. ] signal is active. 3) PWM signal diverter The upper and lower switch group of the proposed converter operation should be synchronized with the phase of V i. It means during positive phase of V i, PWM signal should be used to control the lower switch group and during negative phase of V i, it should be connected to high side switch group. L 1 L1 Sense L1 Sense V cc Ph. Ph. Ph. L1 Sense Ph. Fig. 11. Zerocurrent signal diverter circuit. Fig. 9. Phase detector block diagram. Fig. 12. PWM signal diverter. 112
5 (a) Fig. 14. i i harmonic measurement during P o = 99.1 W V i = 100 V rms. (b) Fig. 13. (a) Efficiency and (b) power factor comparison among conventional and the bridgeless CRM interleaved boost converter. Implementation of this PWM signal diverter is straight forward and can be seen in Fig. 12. The circuit is based on two AND gate. The PWM signal is diverted to PWM when [Ph. ] signal is generated otherwise it will be diverted to PWMwhen [Ph. ] signal is generated. IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT A prototype of the CRM bridgeless interleaved boost converter that is controlled by this proposed control technique has been built. Its specification can be seen in Table I. A conventional CRM interleaved boost PFC with similar specification also has been built for comparison purpose. Efficiency and power factor comparison among conventional and bridgeless CRM interleaved boost converter can be seen in Fig. 13. (a) and (b) respectively. Depicted in those figures that due to the problem stated in part V, efficiency and PF performance of the proposed converter are still below the conventional CRM interleaved type. However, the overall performance is still good while considered that the result is taken by cheaper and smaller component compared to the conventional CCM boost PFC. TABLE I THE CONVERTERS LIST OF PARAMETERS Target power 300 W Switches MOSFET SPP11N60S5 Inductors 340 uh Capacitors 200 uf Output Voltages 390 V The harmonic content of the new converter, even though slightly high due to apparent cusp distortion around zerocrossing point of V i, is still considered save for IEC class D equipment. This evident can be seen in Fig. 14. It is also showed there that the proposed converter contain quite significant third harmonic current. Fig. 15 describe about current condition inside i L1 and i i. It is clear that even though i L1 contains fast change current signal, it becomes smoother while combined with the i L2 and results for i i. This is the merit of an interleaved boost technique. Evident of ZCS and ZVS switching condition can be found in Fig. 16. This occurrence makes the reverse recovery problem that normally gives significant impact to the converter performance become less evident. 1 ms/div V i =50 V/div i L1 =1 A/div i i =1 A/div Fig. 15. Comparison of i L1 to the i i that shown superior performance of interleaved technique. 113
6 V GS =5 V/div V DS =100 V/div ZVS PEDS2009 This control method is simple and does not alter any characters of formerly wellproven control scheme. This makes the proposed control technique ready for direct application to the new PFC circuit. It is evident that the new control scheme is success in making the new topology implementable. It is shown here that the new PFC topology, at recent stage, be able to pass the IEC class D standard while also performing reasonable efficiency even though some practical problems exist. Further developments towards better results are still widely open and promising. This new topology is a good candidate towards low to middle power PFC target. 1 us/div i L1 =1 A/div MOSFET body diode reverse recovery ZCS Fig. 16. Illustration of ZCS and ZCS switching condition occurs inside the CRM bridgeless interleaved boost PFC converter. V. CONCLUSION A control technique based on conventionally available IC for a CRM bridgeless interleaved PFC has been presented. Its basic principle, underlying equations, control scheme, problems, and experimental results have been shown thoroughly. REFERENCES [1] L. Huber, Yungtaek Jang, M.M. Jovanovic, Performance Evaluation of Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifiers, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics Volume 23, Issue 3, May 2008 Page(s): [2] Michael O Loughlin, An Interleaving PFC PreRegulator for High Power Converters, SEM1700, 2006/2007 Texas Instruments Power Supply Design Seminar. [3] Y. Jang and M M. Jovanovic, A Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifier with Optimized Magnetic Utilization, in IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 1. Jan. 2009, pp [4] D.M. Mitchell, ACDC converter having an improved power factor U.S. Patent , Oct. 25, [5] Texas Instruments, UCC28060 datasheet, Rev. Nov [6] Renesas, R2A20112SP/DD datasheet, Rev 2.0, Nov 12,
works must be obtained from the IEE
NAOSITE: Nagasaki University's Ac Title Author(s) A criticalconductionmode bridgele correction Firmansyah, E.; Tomioka, S.; Abe, S Citation INTEEC 2009, pp.15; 2009 Issue Date 200910 UR Right http://hdl.handle.net/10069/23229
More information2.3 Preferred Topology An interesting topology called totem-pole dualboost PFC 8) is presented in Fig. 3. This circuit
九州大学大学院システム情報科学紀要第 15 巻第 1 号平成 22 年 3 月 Research Reports on Information Science and Electrical Engineering of Kyushu University Vol.15, No.1, March 2010 An Interleaved Totem-Pole Power Factor Correction
More informationTotem-Pole Power-Factor-Correction Converter under Critical-Conduction-Mode Interleaved Operation
2250 PAPER Special Section on Telecommunication Energy Technology in Conjunction with Main Topics of INTELEC 09 Totem-Pole Power-Factor-Correction Converter under Critical-Conduction-Mode Interleaved Operation
More informationDesign and Simulation of New Efficient Bridgeless AC- DC CUK Rectifier for PFC Application
Design and Simulation of New Efficient Bridgeless AC- DC CUK Rectifier for PFC Application Thomas Mathew.T PG Student, St. Joseph s College of Engineering, C.Naresh, M.E.(P.hd) Associate Professor, St.
More informationAnalysis of Correction of Power Factor by Single Inductor Three-Level Bridgeless Boost Converter
Analysis of Correction of Power Factor by Single Inductor Three-Level Bridgeless Boost Converter Ajay Kumar 1, Sandeep Goyal 2 1 Postgraduate scholar,department of Electrical Engineering, Manav institute
More informationLinear Transformer based Sepic Converter with Ripple Free Output for Wide Input Range Applications
Linear Transformer based Sepic Converter with Ripple Free Output for Wide Input Range Applications Karthik Sitapati Professor, EEE department Dayananda Sagar college of Engineering Bangalore, India Kirthi.C.S
More informationTHE converter usually employed for single-phase power
82 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 46, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 1999 A New ZVS Semiresonant High Power Factor Rectifier with Reduced Conduction Losses Alexandre Ferrari de Souza, Member, IEEE,
More informationWebpage: Volume 3, Issue IV, April 2015 ISSN
CLOSED LOOP CONTROLLED BRIDGELESS PFC BOOST CONVERTER FED DC DRIVE Manju Dabas Kadyan 1, Jyoti Dabass 2 1 Rattan Institute of Technology & Management, Department of Electrical Engg., Palwal-121102, Haryana,
More informationMODERN switching power converters require many features
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 19, NO. 1, JANUARY 2004 87 A Parallel-Connected Single Phase Power Factor Correction Approach With Improved Efficiency Sangsun Kim, Member, IEEE, and Prasad
More informationCHAPTER 2 A SERIES PARALLEL RESONANT CONVERTER WITH OPEN LOOP CONTROL
14 CHAPTER 2 A SERIES PARALLEL RESONANT CONVERTER WITH OPEN LOOP CONTROL 2.1 INTRODUCTION Power electronics devices have many advantages over the traditional power devices in many aspects such as converting
More informationCHAPTER 3. SINGLE-STAGE PFC TOPOLOGY GENERALIZATION AND VARIATIONS
CHAPTER 3. SINGLE-STAGE PFC TOPOLOG GENERALIATION AND VARIATIONS 3.1. INTRODUCTION The original DCM S 2 PFC topology offers a simple integration of the DCM boost rectifier and the PWM DC/DC converter.
More informationPerformance Improvement of Bridgeless Cuk Converter Using Hysteresis Controller
International Journal of Electrical Engineering. ISSN 0974-2158 Volume 6, Number 1 (2013), pp. 1-10 International Research Publication House http://www.irphouse.com Performance Improvement of Bridgeless
More informationSingle Phase Bridgeless SEPIC Converter with High Power Factor
International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology Volume 2, Issue 6, September 2014, PP 117-126 ISSN 2349-4395 (Print) & ISSN 2349-4409 (Online) Single Phase Bridgeless SEPIC Converter
More informationDesign of step-up converter for a constant output in a high power design
2015; 1(6): 125-129 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 3.4 IJAR 2015; 1(6): 125-129 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 25-03-2015 Accepted: 27-04-2015 M. Tech, (VLSI Design and
More informationBridgeless Cuk Power Factor Corrector with Regulated Output Voltage
Bridgeless Cuk Power Factor Corrector with Regulated Output Voltage Ajeesh P R 1, Prof. Dinto Mathew 2, Prof. Sera Mathew 3 1 PG Scholar, 2,3 Professors, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
More informationStudent Department of EEE (M.E-PED), 2 Assitant Professor of EEE Selvam College of Technology Namakkal, India
Design and Development of Single Phase Bridgeless Three Stage Interleaved Boost Converter with Fuzzy Logic Control System M.Pradeep kumar 1, M.Ramesh kannan 2 1 Student Department of EEE (M.E-PED), 2 Assitant
More informationA Novel Concept in Integrating PFC and DC/DC Converters *
A Novel Concept in Integrating PFC and DC/DC Converters * Pit-Leong Wong and Fred C. Lee Center for Power Electronics Systems The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic
More informationImplementation Of Bl-Luo Converter Using FPGA
Implementation Of Bl-Luo Converter Using FPGA Archa.V. S PG Scholar, Dept of EEE, Mar Baselios College of Engineering and Technology, Trivandrum Asst. Prof. C. Sojy Rajan Assistant Professor, Dept of EEE,
More informationModified SEPIC PFC Converter for Improved Power Factor and Low Harmonic Distortion
Modified SEPIC PFC Converter for Improved Power Factor and Low Harmonic Distortion Amrutha M P 1, Priya G Das 2 1, 2 Department of EEE, Abdul Kalam Technological University, Palakkad, Kerala, India-678008
More informationDesign and Implementation of the Bridgeless AC-DC Adapter for DC Power Applications
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 2 Issue 10 April 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Design and Implementation of the Bridgeless AC-DC Adapter for DC Power Applications
More informationCHAPTER 6 BRIDGELESS PFC CUK CONVERTER FED PMBLDC MOTOR
105 CHAPTER 6 BRIDGELESS PFC CUK CONVERTER FED PMBLDC MOTOR 6.1 GENERAL The line current drawn by the conventional diode rectifier filter capacitor is peaked pulse current. This results in utility line
More informationA Novel Bridgeless Single-Stage Half-Bridge AC/DC Converter
A Novel Bridgeless Single-Stage Half-Bridge AC/DC Converter Woo-Young Choi 1, Wen-Song Yu, and Jih-Sheng (Jason) Lai Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Future Energy Electronics Center
More informationIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 23, NO. 4, JULY
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 23, NO. 4, JULY 2008 1649 Open-Loop Control Methods for Interleaved DCM/CCM Boundary Boost PFC Converters Laszlo Huber, Member, IEEE, Brian T. Irving, and Milan
More informationPerformance Evaluation of Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifiers
Performance Evaluation of Bridgeless PFoost Rectifiers Laszlo Huber, Yungtaek Jang, and Milan M. Jovanović Delta Products Corporation Power Electronics Laboratory P.O. Box 12173 5101 Davis Drive RTP, NC
More informationInternational Journal of Engineering Research-Online A Peer Reviewed International Journal
RESEARCH ARTICLE ISSN: 2321-7758 DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SINGLE-PHASE SOFT SWITCHING POWER FACTOR CORRECTION CONVERTER THELMA NGANGOM 1, PRIYALAKSHMI KSHETRIMAYUM 2 1,2 electrical Engineering Department,
More informationIN THE high power isolated dc/dc applications, full bridge
354 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 21, NO. 2, MARCH 2006 A Novel Zero-Current-Transition Full Bridge DC/DC Converter Junming Zhang, Xiaogao Xie, Xinke Wu, Guoliang Wu, and Zhaoming Qian,
More informationA Single Phase Single Stage AC/DC Converter with High Input Power Factor and Tight Output Voltage Regulation
638 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium 2006, Cambridge, USA, March 26-29 A Single Phase Single Stage AC/DC Converter with High Input Power Factor and Tight Output Voltage Regulation A. K.
More informationA Novel Single-Stage Push Pull Electronic Ballast With High Input Power Factor
770 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 48, NO. 4, AUGUST 2001 A Novel Single-Stage Push Pull Electronic Ballast With High Input Power Factor Chang-Shiarn Lin, Member, IEEE, and Chern-Lin
More informationDual mode controller based boost converter employing soft switching techniques
International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013; 2(3): 90-96 Published online June 10, 2013 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijepe) doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20130203.11 Dual mode controller
More informationSingle Phase Cuk Rectifier To Get Positive Output Voltage And Reduced Total Harmonic Distortion.
Single Phase Cuk Rectifier To Get Positive Output Voltage And Reduced Total Harmonic Distortion. ANKITHA.C MECS, MTech, Dept. of Electronics and Instrumentation Engg. DSCE, Bangalore-78, India GOPALAIAH.
More informationACEEE Int. J. on Control System and Instrumentation, Vol. 02, No. 02, June 2011
A New Active Snubber Circuit for PFC Converter Burak Akýn Yildiz Technical University/Electrical Engineering Department Istanbul TURKEY Email: bakin@yildizedutr ABSTRACT In this paper a new active snubber
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJEET)
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJEET) International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET), ISSN 0976 ISSN 0976 6545(Print) ISSN 0976 6553(Online) Volume
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 3, March-2014 ISSN
332 An Improved Bridgeless SEPIC PFC Converter N. Madhumitha, Dr C. Christober Asir Rajan Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Pondicherry Engineering College madhudeez@pec.edu, asir_70@pec.edu
More informationA NOVEL CONTROL SCHEME OF QUASI- RESONANT VALLEY-SWITCHING FOR HIGH- POWER FACTOR AC TO DC LED DRIVERS
Int. J. Engg. Res. & Sci. & Tech. 2015 V Maheskumar and T Poornipriya, 2015 Research Paper ISSN 2319-5991 www.ijerst.com Vol. 4, No. 4, November 2015 2015 IJERST. All Rights Reserved A NOVEL CONTROL SCHEME
More informationChapter 9 Zero-Voltage or Zero-Current Switchings
Chapter 9 Zero-Voltage or Zero-Current Switchings converters for soft switching 9-1 Why resonant converters Hard switching is based on on/off Switching losses Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) because
More informationA Novel Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter
J Electr Eng Technol Vol. 9, No. 5: 1592-1601, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2014.9.5.1592 ISSN(Print) 1975-0102 ISSN(Online) 2093-7423 A Novel Single Phase Soft Switched PFC Converter Nihan ALTINTAŞ
More informationA HIGH STEP UP RESONANT BOOST CONVERTER USING ZCS WITH PUSH-PULL TOPOLOGY
A HIGH STEP UP RESONANT BOOST CONVERTER USING ZCS WITH PUSH-PULL TOPOLOGY Maheswarreddy.K, PG Scholar. Suresh.K, Assistant Professor Department of EEE, R.G.M College of engineering, Kurnool (D), Andhra
More informationImprovements of LLC Resonant Converter
Chapter 5 Improvements of LLC Resonant Converter From previous chapter, the characteristic and design of LLC resonant converter were discussed. In this chapter, two improvements for LLC resonant converter
More informationSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Pertanika J. Sci. & Technol. 25 (S): 9-18 (2017) SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/ A Single-stage LED Driver with Voltage Doubler Rectifier Nurul Asikin, Zawawi 1
More informationApplication of GaN Device to MHz Operating Grid-Tied Inverter Using Discontinuous Current Mode for Compact and Efficient Power Conversion
IEEE PEDS 2017, Honolulu, USA 12-15 December 2017 Application of GaN Device to MHz Operating Grid-Tied Inverter Using Discontinuous Current Mode for Compact and Efficient Power Conversion Daichi Yamanodera
More informationA Double ZVS-PWM Active-Clamping Forward Converter: Analysis, Design, and Experimentation
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 16, NO. 6, NOVEMBER 2001 745 A Double ZVS-PWM Active-Clamping Forward Converter: Analysis, Design, and Experimentation René Torrico-Bascopé, Member, IEEE, and
More informationZCS BRIDGELESS BOOST PFC RECTIFIER Anna Joy 1, Neena Mani 2, Acy M Kottalil 3 1 PG student,
ZCS BRIDGELESS BOOST PFC RECTIFIER Anna Joy 1, Neena Mani 2, Acy M Kottalil 3 1 PG student, annajoykandathil@gmail.com,8111948255 Abstract A new bridgeless single-phase ac dc converter with a natural power
More informationTO MAXIMIZE the power supply efficiency, bridgeless
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 24, NO. 1, JANUARY 2009 85 A Bridgeless PFC Boost Rectifier With Optimized Magnetic Utilization Yungtaek Jang, Senior Member, IEEE, and Milan M. Jovanović,
More informationA New Interleaved Three-Phase Single-Stage PFC AC-DC Converter with Flying Capacitor
A New Interleaved Three-Phase Single-Stage PFC AC-DC Converter with Flying Capacitor Mehdi Narimani, Member, IEEE, Gerry Moschopoulos, Senior Member, IEEE mnariman@uwo.ca, gmoschop@uwo.ca Abstract A new
More informationA Unique SEPIC converter based Power Factor Correction method with a DCM Detection Technique
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-issn: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. III (Jul. Aug. 2016), PP 01-06 www.iosrjournals.org A Unique SEPIC converter
More informationA High Performance Interleaved Bridgeless PFC for Nano-grid Systems
J Electr Eng Technol.2017; 12(3): 1156-1165 http://doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2017.12.3.1156 ISSN(Print) 1975-0102 ISSN(Online) 2093-7423 A High Performance Interleaved Bridgeless PFC for Nano-grid Systems Guoen
More informationZVS IMPLEMENTATION IN INTERLEAVED BOOST RECTIFIER
ZVS IMPLEMENTATION IN INTERLEAVED BOOST RECTIFIER Kanimozhi G. and Sreedevi V. T. School of Electrical Engineering, VIT University, Chennai, India E-Mail: kanimozhi.g@vit.ac.in ABSTRACT This paper presents
More informationSingle Phase Single Stage Power Factor Correction Converter with Phase Shift PWM Technique
Single Phase Single Stage Power Factor Correction Converter with Phase Shift PWM Technique G.KAVIARASAN 1, M.G ANAND 2 1 PG Scholar, Department of Power Electronics and Drives THE KAVERY ENGINEERNG COLLEGE,salem
More informationInternational Journal of Engineering Science Invention Research & Development; Vol. II Issue VIII February e-issn:
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SOFT SWITCHING BASED INTERLEAVED FLYBACK CONVERTER FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS K.Kavisindhu 1, P.Shanmuga Priya 2 1 PG Scholar, 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical
More informationHigh Frequency Soft Switching Of PWM Boost Converter Using Auxiliary Resonant Circuit
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS High Frequency Soft Switching Of PWM Boost Converter Using Auxiliary Resonant Circuit C. P. Sai Kiran*, M. Vishnu Vardhan** * M-Tech (PE&ED) Student, Department of EEE, SVCET,
More informationGENERALLY, at higher power levels, the continuousconduction-mode
496 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 35, NO. 2, MARCH/APRIL 1999 A New, Soft-Switched Boost Converter with Isolated Active Snubber Milan M. Jovanović, Senior Member, IEEE, and Yungtaek
More informationImplementation of Bridgeless Cuk Power Factor Corrector with Positive Output Voltage
Implementation of Bridgeless Cuk Power Factor Corrector with Positive Output Voltage Abitha Abhayan N 1, Sreeja E A 2 1 PG Student [PEPS], Dept. of EEE, Fisat, Angamaly, Kerala, India 2 Assistant Professor,
More informationK.Vijaya Bhaskar. Dept of EEE, SVPCET. AP , India. S.P.Narasimha Prasad. Dept of EEE, SVPCET. AP , India.
A Closed Loop for Soft Switched PWM ZVS Full Bridge DC - DC Converter S.P.Narasimha Prasad. Dept of EEE, SVPCET. AP-517583, India. Abstract: - This paper propose soft switched PWM ZVS full bridge DC to
More informationA BRIDGELESS CUK CONVERTER BASED INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE FOR PFC APPLICATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (IJEET) Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Management (ICETEM14) ISSN 0976 6545(Print) ISSN 0976
More informationPush-Pull Quasi Resonant Converter Techniques used for Boost Power Factor Corrector
Push-Pull Quasi Resonant Converter Techniques used for Boost Power Factor Corrector V. Siva Subramanyam K. Chandra Sekhar PG student, Department of EEE Assistant Professor, Department of EEE Siddhartha
More informationBOOST PFC WITH 100 HZ SWITCHING FREQUENCY PROVIDING OUTPUT VOLTAGE STABILIZATION AND COMPLIANCE WITH EMC STANDARDS
BOOST PFC WITH 1 HZ SWITCHING FREQUENCY PROVIDING OUTPUT VOLTAGE STABILIZATION AND COMPLIANCE WITH EMC STANDARDS Leopoldo Rossetto*, Giorgio Spiazzi** and Paolo Tenti** *Department of Electrical Engineering,
More informationPower Factor Correction for Chopper Fed BLDC Motor
ISSN No: 2454-9614 Power Factor Correction for Chopper Fed BLDC Motor S.Dhamodharan, D.Dharini, S.Esakki Raja, S.Steffy Minerva *Corresponding Author: S.Dhamodharan E-mail: esakkirajas@yahoo.com Department
More informationAn Application of Soft Switching for Efficiency Improvement in ZVT-PWM Converters
An Application of Soft Switching for Efficiency Improvement in ZVT-PWM Converters 1 Shivaraj Kumar H.C, 2 Noorullah Sherif, 3 Gourishankar C 1,3 Asst. Professor, EEE SECAB.I.E.T Vijayapura 2 Professor,
More informationDouble Boost SEPIC AC-DC Converter
Double Boost SEPIC AC-DC Converter Sona P 1, Kavitha Issac 2, Beena M Varghese 3 1 Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering, Kerala, India 2 Asst. Professor,
More informationBridgeless Buck Converter with Average Current Mode control for Power Factor Correction and Wide Input Voltage variation
Bridgeless Buck Converter with Average Current Mode control for Power Factor Correction and Wide Input Voltage variation Abstract In universal-line voltage (90-264 V) applications, maintaining a high efficiency
More informationSelf-oscillating Auxiliary Medium Open Loop Power Supply Deploying Boost EIE Converter
Self-oscillating Auxiliary Medium Open Loop Power Supply Deploying Boost EIE Converter L.C. Gomes de Freitas; F.R.S. Vincenzi; E.A.A. Coelho; J.B. Vieira Jr. and L.C. de Freitas Faculty of Electrical Engineering
More informationMultiple Output Converter Based On Modified Dickson Charge PumpVoltage Multiplier
Multiple Output Converter Based On Modified Dickson Charge PumpVoltage Multiplier Thasleena Mariyam P 1, Eldhose K.A 2, Prof. Thomas P Rajan 3, Rani Thomas 4 1,2 Post Graduate student, Dept. of EEE,Mar
More informationAN IMPROVED ZERO-VOLTAGE-TRANSITION INTERLEAVED BOOST CONVERTER WITH HIGH POWER FACTOR
AN IMPROVED ZERO-VOLTAGE-TRANSITION INTERLEAVED BOOST CONVERTER WITH HIGH POWER FACTOR Naci GENC 1, Ires ISKENDER 1 1 Gazi University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Electrical
More informationComparison Between two Single-Switch Isolated Flyback and Forward High-Quality Rectifiers for Low Power Applications
Comparison Between two ingle-witch Isolated Flyback and Forward High-Quality Rectifiers for Low Power Applications G. piazzi,. Buso Department of Electronics and Informatics - University of Padova Via
More informationTHE HARMONIC content of the line current drawn from
476 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 13, NO. 3, MAY 1998 Single-Stage Single-Switch Input-Current-Shaping Technique with Fast-Output-Voltage Regulation Laszlo Huber, Member, IEEE, and Milan
More informationInterleaved PFC technology bring up low ripple and high efficiency
Interleaved PFC technology bring up low ripple and high efficiency Tony Huang 黄福恩 Texas Instrument Sept 12,2007 1 Presentation Outline Introduction to Interleaved transition mode PFC Comparison to single-channel
More informationFuel Cell Based Interleaved Boost Converter for High Voltage Applications
International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology Volume: 03, Issue No: 05, May 2017 ISSN: 2455-3778 http://www.ijmtst.com Fuel Cell Based Interleaved Boost Converter for High Voltage Applications
More informationAnalysis and Design of Soft Switched DC-DC Converters for Battery Charging Application
ISSN (Online) : 239-8753 ISSN (Print) : 2347-67 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 3, Special Issue 3, March 24 24 International Conference on Innovations
More informationELEC387 Power electronics
ELEC387 Power electronics Jonathan Goldwasser 1 Power electronics systems pp.3 15 Main task: process and control flow of electric energy by supplying voltage and current in a form that is optimally suited
More informationANALYSIS OF POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE USING CUK CONVERTER OPERATING IN DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE
ANALYSIS OF POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF BLDC MOTOR DRIVE USING CUK CONVERTER OPERATING IN DISCONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE Bhushan P. Mokal 1, Dr. K. Vadirajacharya 2 1,2 Department of Electrical Engineering,Dr.
More information3SSC AND 5VMC BASED DC-DC CONVERTER FOR NON ISOLATED HIGH VOLTAGE GAIN
3SSC AND 5VMC BASED DC-DC CONVERTER FOR NON ISOLATED HIGH VOLTAGE GAIN R.Karuppasamy 1, M.Devabrinda 2 1. Student, M.E PED, Easwari engineering college.email:rksamy.3@gmail.com. 2. Assistant Professor
More informationProceedings of the 7th WSEAS International Conference on CIRCUITS, SYSTEMS, ELECTRONICS, CONTROL and SIGNAL PROCESSING (CSECS'08)
Multistage High Power Factor Rectifier with passive lossless current sharing JOSE A. VILLAREJO, ESTHER DE JODAR, FULGENCIO SOTO, JACINTO JIMENEZ Department of Electronic Technology Polytechnic University
More informationComparison Between CCM Single-Stage And Two-Stage Boost PFC Converters *
Comparison Between CCM Single-Stage And Two-Stage Boost PFC Converters * Jindong Zhang 1, Milan M. Jovanoviü, and Fred C. Lee 1 1 Center for Power Electronics Systems The Bradley Department of Electrical
More informationA ZCS-PWM Full-Bridge Boost Converter for Fuel-Cell Applications
A ZCS-PWM Full-Bridge Boost Converter for Fuel-Cell Applications Ahmad Mousavi, Pritam Das and Gerry Moschopoulos University of Western Ontario Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Thompson
More informationCHAPTER 4 DESIGN OF CUK CONVERTER-BASED MPPT SYSTEM WITH VARIOUS CONTROL METHODS
68 CHAPTER 4 DESIGN OF CUK CONVERTER-BASED MPPT SYSTEM WITH VARIOUS CONTROL METHODS 4.1 INTRODUCTION The main objective of this research work is to implement and compare four control methods, i.e., PWM
More informationIMPLEMENTATION OF IGBT SERIES RESONANT INVERTERS USING PULSE DENSITY MODULATION
IMPLEMENTATION OF IGBT SERIES RESONANT INVERTERS USING PULSE DENSITY MODULATION 1 SARBARI DAS, 2 MANISH BHARAT 1 M.E., Assistant Professor, Sri Venkateshwara College of Engg., Bengaluru 2 Sri Venkateshwara
More informationA New, Soft-Switched, High-Power-Factor Boost Converter With IGBTs
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 17, NO. 4, JULY 2002 469 A New, Soft-Switched, High-Power-Factor Boost Converter With IGBTs Yungtaek Jang, Senior Member, IEEE, and Milan M. Jovanović, Fellow,
More informationBLIL PFC Boost Converter for Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Charger
BLIL PFC Boost Converter for Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Charger Vyshakh. A. P 1, Unni. M. R 2 1 M.Tech (Power Electronics & Drives), Department of EEE, Nehru College of Engineering & Research
More informationImpact of inductor current ringing in DCM on output voltage of DC-DC buck power converters
ARCHIVES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING VOL. 66(2), pp. 313-323 (2017) DOI 10.1515/aee-2017-0023 Impact of inductor current ringing in DCM on output voltage of DC-DC buck power converters MARCIN WALCZAK Department
More informationNOWADAYS, it is not enough to increase the power
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 44, NO. 5, OCTOBER 1997 597 An Integrated Battery Charger/Discharger with Power-Factor Correction Carlos Aguilar, Student Member, IEEE, Francisco Canales,
More informationSingle Phase Induction Motor Drive using Modified SEPIC Converter and Three Phase Inverter
Single Phase Induction Motor Drive using Modified SEPIC Converter and Three Phase Inverter Ajeesh P R PG Student, M. Tech Power Electronics, Mar Athanasius College of Engineering, Kerala, India, Dr. Babu
More informationSIMPLIFICATION OF HORMONICS AND ENHANCEMENT OF POWERFACTOR BY USING BUCK PFC CONVERTER IN NON LINEAR LOADS
SIMPLIFICATION OF HORMONICS AND ENHANCEMENT OF POWERFACTOR BY USING BUCK PFC CONVERTER IN NON LINEAR LOADS N.chakradhar, T.sowjanya, R.vinodhkumar and M.duryodhana, K.kanakaraju* B.Tech students, Department
More informationCHAPTER 2 AN ANALYSIS OF LC COUPLED SOFT SWITCHING TECHNIQUE FOR IBC OPERATED IN LOWER DUTY CYCLE
40 CHAPTER 2 AN ANALYSIS OF LC COUPLED SOFT SWITCHING TECHNIQUE FOR IBC OPERATED IN LOWER DUTY CYCLE 2.1 INTRODUCTION Interleaving technique in the boost converter effectively reduces the ripple current
More informationAN EFFICIENT CLOSED LOOP CONTROLLED BRIDGELESS CUK RECTIFIER FOR PFC APPLICATIONS
AN EFFICIENT CLOSED LOOP CONTROLLED BRIDGELESS CUK RECTIFIER FOR PFC APPLICATIONS Shalini.K 1, Murthy.B 2 M.E. (Power Electronics and Drives) Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, C.S.I.
More informationNew Efficient Bridgeless Cuk Rectifiers for PFC Application on d.c machine
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-issn: 2278-067X, p-issn: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 9, Issue 1 (November 2013), PP. 15-21 New Efficient Bridgeless Cuk Rectifiers for
More informationConverters with Power Factor Correction
32 ACTA ELECTROTEHNICA Converters with Power Factor Correction Daniel ALBU, Nicolae DRĂGHICIU, Gabriela TONŢ and Dan George TONŢ Abstract Traditional diode rectifiers that are commonly used in electrical
More informationSingle switch three-phase ac to dc converter with reduced voltage stress and current total harmonic distortion
Published in IET Power Electronics Received on 18th May 2013 Revised on 11th September 2013 Accepted on 17th October 2013 ISSN 1755-4535 Single switch three-phase ac to dc converter with reduced voltage
More informationReduction of Voltage Stresses in Buck-Boost-Type Power Factor Correctors Operating in Boundary Conduction Mode
Reduction of oltage Stresses in Buck-Boost-Type Power Factor Correctors Operating in Boundary Conduction Mode ars Petersen Institute of Electric Power Engineering Technical University of Denmark Building
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. IERI Procedia 4 (2013 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect IERI Procedia 4 (213 ) 126 132 213 International Conference on Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Research of the Single-Switch Active Power
More informationSimplified loss analysis and comparison of full-bridge, full-range-zvs DC-DC converters
Sādhanā Vol. 33, Part 5, October 2008, pp. 481 504. Printed in India Simplified loss analysis and comparison of full-bridge, full-range-zvs DC-DC converters SHUBHENDU BHARDWAJ 1, MANGESH BORAGE 2 and SUNIL
More informationAlternated duty cycle control method for half-bridge DC-DC converter
HAIT Journal of Science and Engineering B, Volume 2, Issues 5-6, pp. 581-593 Copyright C 2005 Holon Academic Institute of Technology CHAPTER 3. CONTROL IN POWER ELEC- TRONIC CIRCUITS Alternated duty cycle
More informationNon-Isolated Three Stage Interleaved Boost Converter For High Voltage Gain
Non-Isolated Three Stage Interleaved Boost Converter For High Voltage Gain Arundathi Ravi, A.Ramesh Babu Abstract: In this paper, three stage high step-up interleaved boost converter with voltage multiplier
More informationCost effective resonant DC-DC converter for hi-power and wide load range operation.
Cost effective resonant DC-DC converter for hi-power and wide load range operation. Alexander Isurin(sashai@vanner.com) and Alexander Cook(alecc@vanner.com) Vanner Inc, Hilliard, Ohio Abstract- This paper
More informationA Control Scheme for an AC-DC Single-Stage Buck-Boost PFC Converter with Improved Output Ripple Reduction
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository August 2012 A Control Scheme for an AC-DC Single-Stage Buck-Boost PFC Converter with Improved Output Ripple Reduction
More informationImprovement of Light Load Efficiency for Buck- Boost DC-DC converter with ZVS using Switched Auxiliary Inductors
Improvement of ight oad Efficiency for Buck- Boost DC-DC converter with ZVS using Switched Auxiliary Inductors Hayato Higa Dept. of Energy Environment Science Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology
More informationEnhanced Variable On-time Control of Critical Conduction Mode Boost Power Factor Correction Converters
890 Journal of Power Electronics, Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 890-898, September 04 JPE 4-5-0 http://dx.doi.org/0.63/jpe.04.4.5.890 ISSN(Print): 598-09 / ISSN(Online): 093-478 Enhanced Variable On-time Control
More informationInternational Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August, 2015 ISSN
A High-Performance Single-Phase Bridgeless Interleaved PFC Converter with Over - Current Protection Edwin Basil Lal 1, Bos Mathew Jos 2,Leena Thomas 3 P.G Student 1, edwinbasil@gmail.com, 9746710546 Abstract-
More informationSINGLE STAGE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HID LAMPS
SINGLE STAGE LOW FREQUENCY ELECTRONIC BALLAST FOR HID LAMPS SUMAN TOLANUR 1 & S.N KESHAVA MURTHY 2 1,2 EEE Dept., SSIT Tumkur E-mail : sumantolanur@gmail.com Abstract - The paper presents a single-stage
More informationSIMULATION STUDIES OF HALF-BRIDGE ISOLATED DC/DC BOOST CONVERTER
POZNAN UNIVE RSITY OF TE CHNOLOGY ACADE MIC JOURNALS No 80 Electrical Engineering 2014 Adam KRUPA* SIMULATION STUDIES OF HALF-BRIDGE ISOLATED DC/DC BOOST CONVERTER In order to utilize energy from low voltage
More informationChapter 3 : Closed Loop Current Mode DC\DC Boost Converter
Chapter 3 : Closed Loop Current Mode DC\DC Boost Converter 3.1 Introduction DC/DC Converter efficiently converts unregulated DC voltage to a regulated DC voltage with better efficiency and high power density.
More information