High Precision Coulombic Efficiency Testing

Transcription

1 Revision: 02 Why Does Precision Matter? High Precision Coulombic Efficiency Testing Measurement precision is more critical for long-term testing and long-term projections than control accuracy alone. Most other battery testing systems do not correctly specify their precision and/or have relatively poor precision, which hinder the conclusions drawn from results data. Important trends and electrochemical indicators may remain unnoticed; lost in the measurement noise. Derived from Arbin s ARPA-E project with Ford Motor Company and Sandia National Lab, our new Precision series of equipment incorporates technology developed during this time. High precision current and voltage measurements, and allows for more accurate columbic efficiency, energy efficiency, and dq/dv calculations than was previously achievable with a commercially available testing system. What Affects Tester Precision Resolution of DAC Resolution of ADC Non-linearity of calibration Short-term drift (temperature) Long-term drift (material properties) Arbin Tester Improvements Higher Resolution Improved software algorithms New ways of temp. management New patented shunt design New materials New method of time keeping Product Description Arbin s High Precision Tester Columbic Efficiency (CE) series is a low current battery tester with high precision measurement capabilities to detect minute signatures of battery degradation trends early in the testing life cycle. This greatly reduces the battery development cycle. The CE will assist battery development for those involved in material research. The CE allows researchers to conduct high precision coulomb efficiency tests on batteries or capacitors with precision reaching below 25 ppm. There are two standard models of CE. Arbin Life Cycle temperature chamber provides constant temperature condition. Model Voltage Range Current Ranges CE-100mA 0V to 4.9V 100mA/10mA/1mA/100uA CE-1A 0V to 4.9V 1A/100mA/10mA/1mA CE-5A 0V to 4.9V 5A/1A/100mA/10mA Scientific Devices Australia Ph: sales@scientific-devices.com.au Page 1

2 Revision: 02 Product Highlights Product Features Each channel provides four current ranges and one voltage range with industry-leading 24-bit resolution (1 part in 16,777,216). Voltage measurement precision of 25ppm & current measurement precision of 40ppm. Increased measurement precision allows control accuracy to self-regulate while running. Available with Life Cycle Temperature Chamber to provide constant temperature measurements for the device under testing Internal regulation and control with pre-set temperature for current-sensing components. Embedded timing device with verified longterm stability. Timing error under 10ppm. High precision test channels with full potentiostat or galvanostat control with its own reference electrode. Powerful embedded controllers provide fast data logging (200 points per second, per system) and control flexibility for the most advanced test requirements. Uses true Bipolar Linear circuitry providing cross -zero linearity and zero switching time between charge and discharge. Simulation for current, power, load downloaded in the microcontroller to perform nonstandard time-domain functions that may be inputted from external sources such as an ASCII data and used as control parameter with ability to hold up to 1.2 million data point with as low 10mS time interval. A wide array of auxiliary inputs/outputs are available for additional data collection or control such as temperature monitoring, additional reference electrodes, and more. Each channel in the test station is safely controlled by a user-defined individual voltage clamp set in the software and applied at the hardware level. Advanced software package, Arbin MITS Pro 7.0 provides flexible scheduling, user-friendly interface, distributed system control and integrated data acquisition. Data Watcher and Data Pro provides easy data monitoring, analysis, and plotting capabilities. In house training on how to conduct tests and procedure guide to perform calibration verification. Optional calibration kits of equipment and high precision shunt available for purchase. Safety Features Multiple levels of internal fusing and over-temperature control measures System watchdog and over-charging / over-discharging protection. Testing schedules can have layers of global and step-driven safety limits for voltage, current and power. Logic-driven scheduling interface allows for additional safety layers based on testing inputs, including Tests begin with a built-in logic check of all control values. Tests begin with a built-in logic check of all control values Page 2

3 Revision: 02 Hardware Specifications Model CE mA CE A CE-5A Control Range (min/max) 0 to 4.9V 0 to 4.9V 0 to 4.9V Measurement Range 0 to 4.9V 0 to 4.9V 0 to 4.9V Measurement Precision ±0.0025% FS; 25PPM ±0.0025% FS; 25PPM ±0.0025% FS; 25PPM Voltage Control Accuracy ± 500µV ± 500µV ± 500µV Measurement Resolution 24 bit (As low as 0.3µV) 24 bit (As low as 0.3µV) 24 bit (As low as 0.3µV) Control Resolution 16 bit (As low as 150µV) Hardware PID 16 bit (As low as 150µV) Hardware PID 16 bit (As low as 150µV) Hardware PID Input Impedance 1.5 GΩ 1.5 GΩ 1.5 GΩ Standard Ranges 100mA/10mA/1mA/100µA 1A /0.1A/0.01A/0.001A 5A / 1A / 0.1A / 0.01A Measurement Precision ±0.003% (FS) ±0.003% (FS) ±0.003% (FS) Current Control Accuracy (±0.006% FS) 100mA ± 12µA 10mA ± 1.2µA 1mA ± 0.12µA 100uA ± 12nA 1A ± 120µA 100mA ± 12µA 10mA ± 1.2µA 1mA ± 0.12µA 5A ± 0.6mA 1A ± 120µA 100mA ± 12µA 10mA ± 1.2µA Measurement 24 Bit 24 Bit 24 Bit Control Resolution 16 Bit 16 Bit 16 Bit Minimum V at Maximum Current 100mA 1A 5A Current Rise Time 250µS 250µS 250µS Max Continuous Power 0.5W 5W 25W Note: Lower ranges are available. Ask an Arbin Sales Representative for more information. Page 3

4 Revision: 02 Product Specifications Time Minimum Step Time 5ms Data Logging Rate 200 points per second, per system Data Sampling Rate Timing Precision 100ms per point 5 ppm of testing period but no less than 900μS AC Power Connection to Computer Ventilation Method Operating Temperature Operating Relative Humidity Storage Temperature Range Noise Level Computer Specifications 208V Three Phases TCP/IP (Ethernet) Air cooled, variable speed fans 20 to 28 degrees C 10% to 60% RH -20 to 45 degree C Less than 75 db, measured within distance of one meter from equipment PC with i7 CPU, 22 flat-screen monitor is included, preloaded with our MITS Pro testing software Dimensions (W x D x H) Inches Channel Count Life Cycle Chambers 23 x 45 x x 45 x U 45U Page 4

5 Revision: 02 Auxiliary Options & Accessories Arbin Instruments provides a wide variety of auxiliary modules for expanding the capability of the main charge/discharge control circuitry. Modules can either be placed in the main chassis, or in a small external chassis. Life Cycle Chamber Temperature chamber equipped with RTD to provide constant temperature from 10 to 60 degree Celsius. Allow the usage of battery tray for coin cells, cylindrical cells or universal battery tray for any type of battery. One temperature zone per chamber. Auxiliary Voltage Auxiliary Temperature MTCI (Chamber Interface) Calibration Kit Used as additional reference electrodes to measure voltage. Thermocouple/Thermistor used to record temperature as well as control the test schedule. Interface with a 3rd party temperature chamber so Arbin software can turn chamber on/off and adjust temperature. Calibration equipment and shunts needed to perform calibration. For more information please visit: Featuring: Life Cycle Chamber Digital Temperature Display with Push Button Control 2. Communication: TCP/IP or CAN or RS232 Life Cycle Chamber Number of Trays per Chamber Connection Temperature Range Accuracy Point of Stability Controller and Display LC-16ch-Chamber-1060C 4 Trays (For more information on battery trays, refer to the Auxiliary LCC sheet. I/V measurements to battery tray with build in RTD temperature sensors 10 to 60 degree Celsius ±0.5 degree Celsius ±0.5 degree Celsius Display chamber temperature, control though software or manual setting Modular External Size (WxDxH) 18 x 10 x 14 Chamber Internal Size (WxDxH) 8 x 7 x 8 Weight Less than 50 lbs. For more information, ask to see the Life Cycle Chamber Data Sheet. Page 5

6 Revision: 02 Software Control Specifications Current (A) Outputs constant current to the cell or battery at the value specified. Positive current refers to charge and negative current refers to discharge. Voltage (V) Outputs constant voltage to the cell or battery at the value specified. Outputs constant voltage to the cell or battery at the value specified. C-Rate C-Rate is a method for indicating the discharge as well as the charge current of a battery. It can be expressed as I=M*C where I=current (A); C=battery capacity; M is the C- rate value. Rest The battery is disconnected from the charge/discharge circuit but remains connected to the voltage measurement circuit to enable open-circuit voltage measurement. Power (W) Outputs constant power to the cell of battery at the value specified. Outputs constant power to the cell of battery at the value specified. Load (Ohm) Applies a constant resistance load to the battery at the value specified. The load control type will always produce a negative current. Current Ramp /Voltage Ramp Generates a current/voltage ramp with a positive scan rate for increasing current/voltage, and negative scan rate generates decreasing current/voltage ramp. Set Variables Change test related variables including channel capacity, energy and all test counter variables. Voltage Cycle V This mode, commonly called Cyclic Voltammetry, permits the user to create linear sweeps in one step, eliminating the need to jump steps to reverse sweep directions. Current and Power Simulation Non-standard time-domain functions may be inputted from external sources such as ASCII data streams and used as control parameters for repetitive tests. DC Internal Resistance This function applies a 10-pulse train with 1ms pulse width of the specified magnitude following a constant-current charge or discharge step. Formula Equips the user to control and limit schedule steps according to dynamic mathematical equations in addition to constants or instantaneous channel data. End Conditions Time, Voltage, Current, Capacity, Energy, ΔV, DV/dt, formula, meta-variables, and other combinations. Current Staircase /Voltage Staircase Generates a current/voltage staircase with increasing current/voltage, and negative decreasing current/voltage staircase with adjustable step amplitude. Safety Check Includes control value check (Current, Voltage, Power), abnormal behavior check (Step Time, Capacity/Energy), and irregular impedance check. Data File Content Channel data; test time, step time, voltage, current, capacity, energy, first/second derivative of I or V, auxiliary input data (optional). Statistical data: cycle number, cycle capacity/energy, max voltage, etc. Control types marked with ( ) are available in parallel mode Page 6

7 Revision: 03 Precision High Power Battery Tester Why Does Precision Matter? Measurement precision is more critical for long-term testing and long-term projections than control accuracy alone. Most other battery testing systems do not correctly specify their precision and/or have relatively poor precision, which hinder the conclusions drawn from results data. Important trends and electrochemical indicators may remain unnoticed; lost in the measurement noise. Derived from Arbin s ARPA-E project with Ford Motor Company and Sandia National Lab, our new Precision series of equipment incorporates technology developed during this time. High precision current and voltage measurements, and allows for more accurate columbic efficiency, energy efficiency, and dq/dv calculations than was previously achievable with a commercially available testing system. What Affects Tester Precision Resolution of DAC Resolution of ADC Non-linearity of calibration Short-term drift (temperature) Long-term drift (material properties) Arbin Tester Improvements Higher Resolution Improved software algorithms New ways of temp. management New patented shunt design New materials New method of time keeping Product Description Arbin s Precision High Power Battery Test Station (PHPBT) series is a high powered system commercialized from a 3-year ARPA-E project. The PHPBT is designed with high precision measurement capabilities to detect minute signatures of battery degradation trends early in life cycle testing. Precise measurements help reduce overall test time and the battery development cycle. The PHPBT allows researchers to conduct high precision coulombic efficiency tests on batteries and capacitors with precision reaching below 50ppm. Model Voltage Range Current Ranges PHPBT-50CE 0V to 4.9V 50A/10A/1A/0.1A PHPBT-200CE 0V to 4.9V 200A/50A/10A/1A/0.1A Page 1

8 Revision: 03 Product Highlights Each channel provides four or five current ranges and one voltage range with industryleading 24-bit resolution (1 part in 16,777,216). Voltage measurement precision of 25ppm & current measurement precision of 40ppm. Increased measurement precision allows control accuracy to self-regulate while running. Internal regulation and control with pre-set temperature for current-sensing components. Embedded timing device with verified longterm stability. Timing error under 10ppm. High precision test channels with full potentiostat or galvanostat control with its own reference electrode. Powerful embedded controllers provide fast data logging (200 points per second, per system) and control flexibility for the most advanced test requirements. Product Features Uses true Bipolar Linear circuitry providing cross -zero linearity and zero switching time between charge and discharge. Simulation for current, power, load downloaded in the microcontroller to perform nonstandard time-domain functions that may be inputted from external sources such as an ASCII data and used as control parameter with ability to hold up to 1.2 million data point with as low 10mS time interval. A wide array of auxiliary inputs/outputs are available for additional data collection or control such as temperature monitoring, additional reference electrodes, and more. Each channel in the test station is safely controlled by a user-defined individual voltage clamp set in the software and applied at the hardware level. Advanced software package, Arbin MITS Pro 7.0 provides flexible scheduling, user-friendly interface, distributed system control and integrated data acquisition. Data Watcher and Data Pro provides easy data monitoring, analysis, and plotting capabilities. In house training on how to conduct tests and procedure guide to perform calibration verification. Optional calibration kits of equipment and high precision shunt available for purchase. Safety Features Multiple levels of internal fusing and over-temperature control measures System watchdog and over-charging / over-discharging protection. Testing schedules can have layers of global and step-driven safety limits for voltage, current and power. Logic-driven scheduling interface allows for additional safety layers based on testing inputs, including Tests begin with a built-in logic check of all control values. Tests begin with a built-in logic check of all control values Page 2

9 Revision: 03 Hardware Specifications Model PHPBT-50CE PHPBT-200CE Control Range (min/max) 0 to 4.9V 0 to 4.9V Measurement Range -4.9V to 4.9V -4.9V to 4.9V Measurement Precision ±0.0025% FS; 25PPM ±0.0025% FS; 25PPM Voltage Control Accuracy ± 1mV ± 1mV Measurement Resolution 24 bit (As low as 0.6µV) 24 bit (As low as 0.6µV) Control Resolution 24 bit (As low as 0.6µV) Software PID 24 bit (As low as 0.6µV) Software PID Input Impedance 1.5 GΩ 1.5 GΩ Standard Ranges 50A / 10A / 1A / 0.1A 200A / 50A / 10A / 1A / 0.1A Measurement Precision ±0.004% FS ±0.004% FS Current Control Accuracy (±0.01% FS) 50A ± 10mA 10A ± 2mA 1A ± 200µA 100mA ± 20µA 200A ± 40mA 50A ± 10mA 10A ± 2mA 1A ± 200µA 100mA ± 20µA Measurement Resolution 24 Bit 24 Bit Control Resolution 16 Bit 16 Bit Minimum V at Maximum Current 50A 200A Current Rise Time ~500µS ~600µS Max Continuous Power Output per Channel 250W 1,000W Chassis Size (width x depth x height - inches) 14 x 27 x x 31 x 12 Weight Less than 50 pounds Less than 100 pounds AC Power 120V Single Phase with 15A; 25 Circuit breaker 208 Three Phases with 15A per phase; 25 Circuit breaker Power Plug HBL2721 (250V, 3PH, 30A) Page 3

10 Revision: Revision: 03 Product Specifications Time Minimum Step Time Data Logging Rate Data Sampling Rate Timing Precision 5ms 200 points per second, per system 100ms per point 5 ppm of testing period but no less than 900μS Built-in Auxiliaries Connection for Batteries Connection to Computer Ventilation Method Operating Temperature Operating Relative Humidity Storage Temperature Range Noise Level 2 channels of Digital Input/Output, Dry Contact Relay Signal Standard 6 feet 4-pin I/V cable with lugs or alligator clips TCP/IP (Ethernet) Air cooled, variable speed fans 20 to 28 degrees C 10% to 60% RH -20 to 45 degree C Less than 75 db, measured within distance of one meter from equipment Computer Specifications PC with i7 CPU, 22 flat-screen monitor is included, preloaded with our MITS Pro testing software Auxiliary Options & Accessories Arbin Instruments provides a wide variety of auxiliary modules for expanding the capability of the main charge/discharge control circuitry. Modules can either be placed in the main chassis, or in a small external chassis. Auxiliary Voltage Auxiliary Temperature MTCI (Chamber Interface) CANBus Calibration Kit Used as additional reference electrodes to measure voltage. Thermocouple/Thermistor used to record temperature as well as control the test schedule. Interface with a 3rd party temperature chamber so Arbin software can turn chamber on/off and adjust temperature. Communicate with internal pack circuitry using CANBus protocols. Calibration equipment and shunts needed to perform calibration. For more information please visit: Page 4

11 Revision: 03 Software Control Specifications Current (A) Outputs constant current to the cell or battery at the value specified. Positive current refers to charge and negative current refers to discharge. Voltage (V) Outputs constant voltage to the cell or battery at the value specified. Outputs constant voltage to the cell or battery at the value specified. C-Rate C-Rate is a method for indicating the discharge as well as the charge current of a battery. It can be expressed as I=M*C where I=current (A); C=battery capacity; M is the C- rate value. Rest The battery is disconnected from the charge/discharge circuit but remains connected to the voltage measurement circuit to enable open-circuit voltage measurement. Power (W) Outputs constant power to the cell of battery at the value specified. Outputs constant power to the cell of battery at the value specified. Load (Ohm) Applies a constant resistance load to the battery at the value specified. The load control type will always produce a negative current. Current Ramp /Voltage Ramp Generates a current/voltage ramp with a positive scan rate for increasing current/voltage, and negative scan rate generates decreasing current/voltage ramp. Set Variables Change test related variables including channel capacity, energy and all test counter variables. Voltage Cycle V This mode, commonly called Cyclic Voltammetry, permits the user to create linear sweeps in one step, eliminating the need to jump steps to reverse sweep directions. Current and Power Simulation Non-standard time-domain functions may be inputted from external sources such as ASCII data streams and used as control parameters for repetitive tests. DC Internal Resistance This function applies a 10-pulse train with 1ms pulse width of the specified magnitude following a constant-current charge or discharge step. Formula Equips the user to control and limit schedule steps according to dynamic mathematical equations in addition to constants or instantaneous channel data. End Conditions Time, Voltage, Current, Capacity, Energy, ΔV, DV/dt, formula, meta-variables, and other combinations. Current Staircase /Voltage Staircase Generates a current/voltage staircase with increasing current/voltage, and negative decreasing current/voltage staircase with adjustable step amplitude. Safety Check Includes control value check (Current, Voltage, Power), abnormal behavior check (Step Time, Capacity/Energy), and irregular impedance check. Data File Content Channel data; test time, step time, voltage, current, capacity, energy, first/second derivative of I or V, auxiliary input data (optional). Statistical data: cycle number, cycle capacity/energy, max voltage, etc. Control types marked with ( ) are available in parallel mode Page 5

12 Revision: 03 About Arbin Arbin understands the vital role energy storage plays in everyday life and its importance to the future of transportation. This is why its experts work hard to provide the best equipment and service to both researchers and industry. Arbin Instruments Worldwide Arbin Corporate Headquarters and Production Facility 762 Peach Creek Cut Off Rd. College Station, TX Worldwide Locations Canada, China, Germany, Korea, Taiwan Representatives France, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Singapore, Spain, Turkey. United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates and Australia Scientific Devices Australia Ph: Page 6