Linear Wire Antennas. EE-4382/ Antenna Engineering
|
|
- Spencer Washington
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Linear Wire Antennas EE-438/ Antenna Engineering
2 Outline Introduction Infinitesimal Dipole Small Dipole Finite Length Dipole Half-Wave Dipole Ground Effect Constantine A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design 4 th Ed., Wiley, 016. Stutzman, Thiele, Antenna Theory and Design 3 rd Ed., Wiley, 01. Linear Wire Antennas
3 Finite Length Dipole 3
4 Finite length dipole A finite length dipole is still in the order of a λ, where and a is the thickness of the. However, the length l of the antenna is in the same order of magnitude as the operating wavelength λ < l λ 10 The current distribution is now approximated to a sinusoidal function: I e x, y, z = a z I 0 sin k l z, 0 z l a z I 0 sin k l z, l z 0 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 4
5 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 5
6 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 6
7 Radiated Fields: Element Factor, Space Factor, and Multiplication To obtain the radiated fields of the finite length dipole in the far-field region, we subdivide the antenna into infinitesimal dipoles and integrate to obtain the contributions from all the infinitesimal elements. de θ = jη ki e x, y, z e jkr sin θ dz 4πR R r z cos θ for far-field approximations in phase terms R r for far-field approximations in amplitude terms de θ = jη ki e x, y, z e jkr 4πr sin θ e +jkz cos(θ) dz + l + l ke jkr + l E θ = ඵ deθ = න jη l l 4πr sin θ න Ie x, y, z e +jkz cos θ dz l total field = element factor (space factor) Linear Wire Antennas Slide 7
8 Radiated Fields Far-Field E θ = jη I 0e jkr πr cos kl cos θ cos kl sin θ H ϕ = E θ η = j I 0e jkr πr cos kl cos θ cos kl sin θ Linear Wire Antennas Slide 8
9 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 9
10 Power Density, Radiation Intensity, Radiation Resistance, Directivity W av = 1 Re E H = 1 Re a θe θ a φ E φ η P rad = W av ds = න S 0 π න 0 π a r W av a r r sin θ dθdφ P rad = η I 0 4π C + ln kl C i kl + 1 sin kl S i kl S i kl + 1 cos kl C + ln kl + C i kl C i kl cos y x C i x = න x y dy = න cos y x y dy sin y S i x = න 0 y dy Linear Wire Antennas Slide 10
11 Power Density, Radiation Intensity, Radiation Resistance, Directivity R r = P rad I 0 = η π C + ln kl C i kl + 1 sin kl S i kl S i kl + 1 cos kl C + ln kl + C i kl C i kl D 0 = F 0ȁ max Q Q = C + ln kl C i kl + 1 sin kl S i kl S i kl + 1 kl cos kl C + ln + C i kl C i kl Linear Wire Antennas Slide 11
12 Input Resistance To calculate Input Resistance at the terminals, assume lossless antenna (no R L ) and equate the power at the input to the power at the current maximum Assuming a sinusoidal current, I in R in = I 0 R r R in = I 0 I in R r R in = Radiation Resistance at Input terminals R r = Radiation Resistance at Current Maximum I 0 = Current Maximum I in = Current at input terminals R in = sin Introduction to Antennas Slide 1 R r kl
13 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 13
14 Linear Wire Antennas Slide 14
15 Half-Wave Dipole 15
16 Half-Wave Dipole One of the most commonly used antennas. The arms are λ 4 in length and are fed at the center. Radiation Resistance is excellent for transmission line connections: R r = 73 Z in = 73 + j4.5 To get rid of reactance, it is common practice to cut the length until it vanishes. Directivity is also good for omnidirectional terrestrial communications D 0 = 4πU max P rad = =.156 dbi Linear Wire Antennas Slide 16
17 Half-Wave Dipole Fields E θ jη I 0e jkr πr cos π cos θ sin θ H φ j I 0e jkr πr cos π cos θ sin θ W av η I 0 8π r sin3 (θ) U = r W rad η I 0 8π sin3 (θ) Normalized Power Pattern U n sin 3 (θ) Linear Wire Antennas Slide 17
18 Half-Wave Dipole Introduction to Antennas Slide 18
19 Half-Wave Dipole Introduction to Antennas Slide 19
20 Half-Wave Dipole Introduction to Antennas Slide 0
21 Half-Wave Dipole Introduction to Antennas Slide 1
22 Dipole - Examples A center-fed dipole of length l is attached to a balanced lossless transmission line whose characteristic impedance is 50 Ω. Assuming the dipole is resonant at the given length, find the input VSWR when (a) l = λ 4 (b) l = λ (c) l = 3λ 4 (d) l = λ VSWR = 1 + ȁγȁ 1 ȁγȁ Γ = R in Z 0 R in + Z 0 R in = sin R r kl R r ቚ λ 6.84 l= 4 R r ቚ λ 73 l= R r ቚ 3λ 37 l= 4 R r ቚ λ = l= 4 Introduction to Antennas Slide
23 Dipole - Examples The approximate far zone electric field radiated by a very thin wire linear dipole of length l, positioned symmetrically along the z-axis, is given by E θ = C o sin 1.5 (θ) e jkr r Where C o is a constant. Determine the exact directivity and the length of the dipole D 0 = 4πU max P rad π P rad = න 0 න U sin(θ) dθdφ 0 π Introduction to Antennas Slide 3
24 Dipole Examples A λ dipole with its center at the origin radiates a time-averaged power of 600 W. A second λ dipole is placed with its center point at P(r, θ, φ) where r = 00 m, θ = 90, φ = 40. It is oriented so that its axis is parallel to that of the transmitting antenna. What is the available power at the terminals of the second (receiving) dipole? Assume both antennas are lossless and perfectly matched in all unmentioned parameters. Friis Transmission Equation P r = P t λ 4πr U sin 3 (θ) D 0t D 0r Introduction to Antennas Slide 4
Antenna Theory EELE 5445
Antenna Theory EELE 5445 Lecture 6: Dipole Antenna Dr. Mohamed Ouda Electrical Engineering Department Islamic University of Gaza 2013 The dipole and the monopole The dipole and the monopole are arguably
More informationAntenna Parameters. Ranga Rodrigo. University of Moratuwa. December 15, 2008
Antenna Parameters Ranga Rodrigo University of Moratuwa December 15, 2008 Ranga Rodrigo (University of Moratuwa) Antenna Parameters December 15, 2008 1 / 47 Summary of Last Week s Lecture 90 o Radiation
More informationECE 4370: Antenna Engineering TEST 1 (Fall 2017)
Name: GTID: ECE 437: Antenna Engineering TEST 1 Fall 17) Please read all instructions before continuing with the test. This is a closed notes, closed book, closed friend, open mind test. On your desk you
More informationDipole Antennas. Prof. Girish Kumar Electrical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay. (022)
Dipole Antennas Prof. Girish Kumar Electrical Engineering Department, IIT Bombay gkumar@ee.iitb.ac.in (022) 2576 7436 Infinitesimal Dipole An infinitesimally small current element is called the Hertz Dipole
More informationTopic 3. Fundamental Parameters of Antennas. Tamer Abuelfadl
Topic 3 Fundamental Parameters of Antennas Tamer Abuelfadl Electronics and Electrical Communications Department Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Tamer Abuelfadl (EEC, Cairo University) Topic 3 ELC
More informationImpedance and Loop Antennas
Impedance and Loop Antennas Ranga Rodrigo University of Moratuwa January 4, 2009 Ranga Rodrigo (University of Moratuwa) Impedance and Loop Antennas January 4, 2009 1 / 41 Gain Summary of Last Week s Lecture
More informationAntenna Arrays. EE-4382/ Antenna Engineering
Antenna Arrays EE-4382/5306 - Antenna Engineering Outline Introduction Two Element Array Rectangular-to-Polar Graphical Solution N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Spacing and Amplitude Theory of N-Element
More informationECE 4370: Antenna Engineering TEST 1 (Fall 2011)
Name: GTID: ECE 4370: Antenna Engineering TEST 1 (Fall 2011) Please read all instructions before continuing with the test. This is a closed notes, closed book, closed friend, open mind test. On your desk
More informationDESIGN OF PRINTED YAGI ANTENNA WITH ADDI- TIONAL DRIVEN ELEMENT FOR WLAN APPLICA- TIONS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 37, 67 81, 013 DESIGN OF PRINTED YAGI ANTENNA WITH ADDI- TIONAL DRIVEN ELEMENT FOR WLAN APPLICA- TIONS Jafar R. Mohammed * Communication Engineering Department,
More informationRadiation resistance
Radiation esistance Antennas ae designed fo effective adiation of electomagnetic enegy. Equivalent cicuit of an antenna I in R input adiation esistance R Repesents adiated enegy input loss esistance R
More information2.5.3 Antenna Temperature
ECEn 665: Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communications 36.5.3 Antenna Temperature We now turn to thermal noise received by an antenna. An antenna in a warm environment receives not only a signal
More informationAntenna & Propagation. Antenna Parameters
For updated version, please click on http://ocw.ump.edu.my Antenna & Propagation Antenna Parameters by Nor Hadzfizah Binti Mohd Radi Faculty of Electric & Electronics Engineering hadzfizah@ump.edu.my Chapter
More informationUNIT Explain the radiation from two-wire. Ans: Radiation from Two wire
UNIT 1 1. Explain the radiation from two-wire. Radiation from Two wire Figure1.1.1 shows a voltage source connected two-wire transmission line which is further connected to an antenna. An electric field
More informationAn Introduction to Antennas
May 11, 010 An Introduction to Antennas 1 Outline Antenna definition Main parameters of an antenna Types of antennas Antenna radiation (oynting vector) Radiation pattern Far-field distance, directivity,
More information11 Beam pattern, wave interference
11 Beam pattern, wave interference In this lecture we will see how antenna beams can be patterned by using interference effects of fields radiated by multiple dipoles or dipole-like elements. Let s recall
More informationNotes 21 Introduction to Antennas
ECE 3317 Applied Electromagnetic Waves Prof. David R. Jackson Fall 018 Notes 1 Introduction to Antennas 1 Introduction to Antennas Antennas An antenna is a device that is used to transmit and/or receive
More informationHalf-Wave Dipole. Radiation Resistance. Antenna Efficiency
Antennas Simple Antennas Isotropic radiator is the simplest antenna mathematically Radiates all the power supplied to it, equally in all directions Theoretical only, can t be built Useful as a reference:
More informationFinal Examination. 22 April 2013, 9:30 12:00. Examiner: Prof. Sean V. Hum. All non-programmable electronic calculators are allowed.
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECE 422H1S RADIO AND MICROWAVE WIRELESS SYSTEMS Final Examination
More informationTravelling Wave, Broadband, and Frequency Independent Antennas. EE-4382/ Antenna Engineering
Travelling Wave, Broadband, and Frequency Independent Antennas EE-4382/5306 - Antenna Engineering Outline Traveling Wave Antennas Introduction Traveling Wave Antennas: Long Wire, V Antenna, Rhombic Antenna
More informationModule 2- Antenna: Radiation characteristics of antenna, radiation resistance, short dipole antenna, half wave dipole antenna, loop antenna
Module - Antenna: Radiation characteristics of antenna, radiation resistance, short dipole antenna, half wave dipole antenna, loop antenna ELL 1 Instructor: Debanjan Bhowmik Department of Electrical Engineering
More informationFundamentals of Antennas. Prof. Ely Levine
Fundamentals of Antennas Prof. Ely Levine levineel@zahav.net.il 1 Chapter 3 Wire Antennas 2 Types of Antennas 3 Isotropic Antenna Isotropic radiator is the simplest antenna mathematically Radiates all
More informationELEC 425 Interference Control in Electronics Lecture 7(a) Introduction to Antennas: Terminology
Dr. Gregory J. Mazzaro Fall 017 ELEC 45 Interference Control in Electronics Lecture 7(a) Introduction to Antennas: Terminology Chapter 9 THE CITADEL, THE MILITARY COLLEGE OF SOUTH CAROLINA 171 Moultrie
More information( ) 2 ( ) 3 ( ) + 1. cos! t " R / v p 1 ) H =! ˆ" I #l ' $ 2 ' 2 (18.20) * + ! ˆ& "I #l ' $ 2 ' , ( βr << 1. "l ' E! ˆR I 0"l ' cos& + ˆ& 0
Summary Chapter 8. This last chapter treats the problem of antennas and radiation from antennas. We start with the elemental electric dipole and introduce the idea of retardation of potentials and fields
More informationIntroduction Antenna Ranges Radiation Patterns Gain Measurements Directivity Measurements Impedance Measurements Polarization Measurements Scale
Chapter 17 : Antenna Measurement Introduction Antenna Ranges Radiation Patterns Gain Measurements Directivity Measurements Impedance Measurements Polarization Measurements Scale Model Measurements 1 Introduction
More informationl s Nikolova Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, vol. AP-28, No. 5, pp , Sept Equation Section 11 1.
LECTURE 11: Practical Dipole/Monopole Geometries. Matching Techniques for Dipole/Monopole Feeds (The folded dipole antenna. Conical skirt monopoles. Sleeve antennas. Turnstile antenna. Impedance matching
More informationEEM.Ant. Antennas and Propagation
EEM.ant/0304/08pg/Req: None 1/8 UNIVERSITY OF SURREY Department of Electronic Engineering MSc EXAMINATION EEM.Ant Antennas and Propagation Duration: 2 Hours Spring 2003/04 READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS Answer
More informationThe magnetic surface current density is defined in terms of the electric field at an aperture as follows: 2E n (6.1)
Chapter 6. Aperture antennas Antennas where radiation occurs from an open aperture are called aperture antennas. xamples include slot antennas, open-ended waveguides, rectangular and circular horn antennas,
More informationLECTURE 4: Fundamental Antenna Parameters 1. Radiation Pattern Note:
LECTURE 4: Fundamental Antenna Parameters (Radiation pattern. Pattern beamwidths. Radiation intensity. Directivity. Gain. Antenna efficiency and radiation efficiency. Frequency bandwidth. Input impedance
More informationRadiation and Antennas
Chapter 9 Radiation and Antennas. Basic Formulations 2. Hertzian Dipole Antenna 3. Linear Antennas An antenna is a device to transmit or receive electromagnetic power more efficiently with a more directive
More informationAntenna Engineering Lecture 3: Basic Antenna Parameters
Antenna Engineering Lecture 3: Basic Antenna Parameters ELC 405a Fall 2011 Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Faculty of Engineering Cairo University 2 Outline 1 Radiation Pattern
More informationSecondment Report Form
Secondment Program FP7-INFSO-ICT-248272 Secondment Report Form Secondee Host Organization Research Topic(s) Id: TNO Name: Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Cross-polarization reduction
More information25. Antennas II. Radiation patterns. Beyond the Hertzian dipole - superposition. Directivity and antenna gain. More complicated antennas
25. Antennas II Radiation patterns Beyond the Hertzian dipole - superposition Directivity and antenna gain More complicated antennas Impedance matching Reminder: Hertzian dipole The Hertzian dipole is
More informationECEn 665: Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communications 48. Since the integrand is periodic, we can change the integration limits to
ECEn 665: Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communications 48 3.3 Loop Antenna An electric dipole antenna radiates an electric field that is aligned with the dipole and a magnetic field that radiates
More informationBeyond the Long Wavelength Limit
Beyond the Long Wavelength Limit Thus far, we have studied EM radiation by oscillating charges and current confined to a volume of linear size much smaller than the wavelength λ = πc/ω. In these notes,
More informationANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION EC602
ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION EC602 B.Tech Electronics & Communication Engineering, Semester VI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NIRMA UNIVERSITY 1 Lesson Planning (L-3,P-2,C-4) Chapter No. Name Hours 1. Basic
More informationAntenna Fundamentals Basics antenna theory and concepts
Antenna Fundamentals Basics antenna theory and concepts M. Haridim Brno University of Technology, Brno February 2017 1 Topics What is antenna Antenna types Antenna parameters: radiation pattern, directivity,
More informationI. INTRODUCTION IJERTV2IS International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: Vol. 2 Issue 10, October
Radiation Analysis and Design of Pyramidal Horn Antenna R. Kiran Chand 1, Lecturer, Adama Science & Technology University, Dr. M V Raghavendra, Professor, Adama Science & Technology University, K.Sathyavathi
More informationELEG 648 Radiation/Antennas I. Mark Mirotznik, Ph.D. Associate Professor The University of Delaware
ELEG 648 Radiation/Antennas I Mark Mirotznik Ph.D. Associate Professor The University of Delaware A jk rr ' e ' r J r dv ' 4 r r ' F If we have magnetic sources jk rr ' e ' r M r dv ' 4 r r ' Field
More informationTELE4652 Mobile and Satellite Communication Systems
TELE465 Mobile and Satellite Communication Systems Lecture 3 Antenna Theory A radio antenna, whether transmitting or receiving, is an integral component of any wireless communication system, whether it
More informationFriis Formula and Effects
Friis Formula and Effects Page 1 Friis transmission formula in free space is This equation assumes the following: Friis Formula and Effects G rg t λ (4πR). (1) 1. That the antennas are pointed at each
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS * LF and MF transmitting antennas characteristics and diagrams **
Rec. ITU-R BS.1386-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.1386-1 * LF and MF transmitting antennas characteristics and diagrams ** (Question ITU-R 201/10) (1998-2001) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering
More informationTHE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY. Dr. A. Bhattacharya
1 THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY Dr. A. Bhattacharya The Underlying EM Fields The development of radar as an imaging modality has been based on power and power density It is important to understand some
More informationELECTRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA INSPIRED BY SPIRED SPLIT RING RESONATOR
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 7, 47 57, 2009 ELECTRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA INSPIRED BY SPIRED SPLIT RING RESONATOR Z. Duan and S. Qu The College of Science Air Force Engineering University
More informationSome Aspects of Finite Length Dipole Antenna Design
Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 214 Vol I WCE 214, July 2-4, 214, London, U.K. Some Aspects of Finite Length Dipole Antenna Design P. Banerjee and T. Bezboruah, Member, IAENG Abstract-
More informationChapter 2. Fundamental Properties of Antennas. ECE 5318/6352 Antenna Engineering Dr. Stuart Long
Chapter Fundamental Properties of Antennas ECE 5318/635 Antenna Engineering Dr. Stuart Long 1 IEEE Standards Definition of Terms for Antennas IEEE Standard 145-1983 IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
More informationMicrostrip Antennas Integrated with Horn Antennas
53 Microstrip Antennas Integrated with Horn Antennas Girish Kumar *1, K. P. Ray 2 and Amit A. Deshmukh 1 1. Department of Electrical Engineering, I.I.T. Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India Phone: 91 22
More informationContributions to the Performance Optimization of the Monopole Four Square Array Antenna
Contributions to the Performance Optimization of the Monopole Four Square Array Antenna Von der Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften der Abteilung EIT der Universität Duisburg-Essen zur Erlangung des akademischen
More informationECE 3065: Electromagnetic Applications Final Exam (Spring 2004)
Name: GTID: ECE 3065: Electromagnetic Applications Final Exam (Spring 2004) Please read all instructions before continuing with the test. This is a closed notes, closed book, closed calculator, closed
More information1- A quarter-wave monopole (as shown in the figure below) situated above a perfectly conducting ground plane is excited by a sinusoidal source at its
1- A quarter-wave monopole (as shown in the figure below) situated above a perfectly conducting ground plane is excited by a sinusoidal source at its base. Find its radiation pattern, radiation resistance,
More informationAntenna and Noise Concepts
Antenna and Noise Concepts 1 Antenna concepts 2 Antenna impedance and efficiency 3 Antenna patterns 4 Receiving antenna performance Levis, Johnson, Teixeira (ESL/OSU) Radiowave Propagation August 17, 2018
More informationDesign and analysis of microstrip slot array antenna configuration for bandwidth enhancement
Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies ISSN 1583-1078 Issue 25, July-December 2014 p. 72-83 Design and analysis of microstrip slot array antenna configuration for bandwidth enhancement
More informationTheory of Helix Antenna
Theory of Helix Antenna Tariq Rahim School of Electronic and information, NWPU, Xian china Review on Helix Antenna 1 Introduction The helical antenna is a hybrid of two simple radiating elements, the dipole
More informationEC ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION
EC6602 - ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION FUNDAMENTALS PART-B QUESTION BANK UNIT 1 1. Define the following parameters w.r.t antenna: i. Radiation resistance. ii. Beam area. iii. Radiation intensity. iv. Directivity.
More informationRVRUSA - DATA DE REFERENCIA PARA INGENIEROS
Useful formulae Electrical formulae Electrical power in KW: DC power [KW]: YROW DPSHUH YROW DPSHUH AC power (single phase) [KW]: AC power (three-phase) [KW]: where: cos( j ) YROW DPSHUH 73. cos( j) Volt:
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 36, , 2002
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 36, 101 119, 2002 ELECTRONIC BEAM STEERING USING SWITCHED PARASITIC SMART ANTENNA ARRAYS P. K. Varlamos and C. N. Capsalis National Technical University of Athens
More informationRadiation from Antennas
Radiation from Antennas Ranga Rodrigo University of Moratuwa November 20, 2008 Ranga Rodrigo (University of Moratuwa) Radiation from Antennas November 20, 2008 1 / 32 Summary of Last Week s Lecture Radiation
More informationUNIT Write short notes on travelling wave antenna? Ans: Travelling Wave Antenna
UNIT 4 1. Write short notes on travelling wave antenna? Travelling Wave Antenna Travelling wave or non-resonant or aperiodic antennas are those antennas in which there is no reflected wave i.e., standing
More informationCoupled Sectorial Loop Antenna (CSLA) for Ultra Wideband Applications
Coupled Sectorial Loop Antenna (CSLA) for Ultra Wideband Applications N. Behdad and K. Sarabandi Presented by Nader Behdad at Antenna Application Symposium, Monticello, IL, Sep 2004 Email: behdad@ieee.org
More informationIntroduction to Radar Systems. Radar Antennas. MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Radar Antennas - 1 PRH 6/18/02
Introduction to Radar Systems Radar Antennas Radar Antennas - 1 Disclaimer of Endorsement and Liability The video courseware and accompanying viewgraphs presented on this server were prepared as an account
More informationHIGH GAIN KOCH FRACTAL DIPOLE YAGI-UDA ANTENNA FOR S AND X BAND APPLICATION
HIGH GAIN KOCH FRACTAL DIPOLE YAGI-UDA ANTENNA FOR S AND X BAND APPLICATION Rajeev Kumar 1, R Radhakrishnan 2 1,2 Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Madras, (India) ABSTRACT In this study,
More informationCHAPTER 5 PRINTED FLARED DIPOLE ANTENNA
CHAPTER 5 PRINTED FLARED DIPOLE ANTENNA 5.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with the design of L-band printed dipole antenna (operating frequency of 1060 MHz). A study is carried out to obtain 40 % impedance
More informationON THE RADIATION PATTERN OF THE L-SHAPED WIRE ANTENNA
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 6, 91 105, 2009 ON THE RADIATION PATTERN OF THE L-SHAPED WIRE ANTENNA A. Andújar, J. Anguera, and C. Puente Technology and Intellectual Property Rights Department
More informationSmall Fractal Antennas
1 Problem Small Fractal Antennas Kirk T. McDonald Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (December 22, 2003) Antennas for hand-held communication devices are necessarily small,
More informationBROADBAND GAIN STANDARDS FOR WIRELESS MEASUREMENTS
BROADBAND GAIN STANDARDS FOR WIRELESS MEASUREMENTS James D. Huff Carl W. Sirles The Howland Company, Inc. 4540 Atwater Court, Suite 107 Buford, Georgia 30518 USA Abstract Total Radiated Power (TRP) and
More informationSPOKE TOP ANTENNA FOR TRANSIENT RADIATION
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 11, 1 9, 2009 SPOKE TOP ANTENNA FOR TRANSIENT RADIATION J. A. LaComb Naval Undersea Warfare Center 1176 Howell St., Newport, RI 02841, USA Abstract When
More informationSensor and Simulation Notes. Note September 2015
Sensor and Simulation Notes Note 57 2 September 205 Considerations for a Compact Loop Antenna and the Benefits of Subdividing the Loop into many Loops D. V. Giri Pro-Tech, -C Orchard Court, Alamo, CA 94507-54
More informationCircuit Analysis-II. Circuit Analysis-II Lecture # 2 Wednesday 28 th Mar, 18
Circuit Analysis-II Angular Measurement Angular Measurement of a Sine Wave ü As we already know that a sinusoidal voltage can be produced by an ac generator. ü As the windings on the rotor of the ac generator
More informationperformed on isolated environments without the effect of the surrounding structures. Study of the actual antennas interaction with the actual
NTRODUCTION Wireless communications, nowadays, depend on antenna as an essential component. Without the antenna, it would be virtually impossible to have any form of wireless communication. Instead, the
More informationChapter 31 Alternating Current
Chapter 31 Alternating Current In this chapter we will learn how resistors, inductors, and capacitors behave in circuits with sinusoidally vary voltages and currents. We will define the relationship between
More informationEvangelos Kranakis, School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa 1. Antennae Basics
Evangelos Kranakis, School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa 1 Antennae Basics Evangelos Kranakis, School of Computer Science, Carleton University, Ottawa 2 Essentials Antennae Examples
More informationImprovement in Radiation Pattern Of Yagi-Uda Antenna
Research Inventy: International Journal Of Engineering And Science Vol., Issue 1 (May 013), Pp 6-35 Issn(e): 78-471, Issn(p):319-6483, Www.Researchinventy.Com Improvement in Radiation Pattern Of Yagi-Uda
More information4G MIMO ANTENNA DESIGN & Verification
4G MIMO ANTENNA DESIGN & Verification Using Genesys And Momentum GX To Develop MIMO Antennas Agenda 4G Wireless Technology Review Of Patch Technology Review Of Antenna Terminology Design Procedure In Genesys
More informationPart 1: Standing Waves - Measuring Wavelengths
Experiment 7 The Microwave experiment Aim: This experiment uses microwaves in order to demonstrate the formation of standing waves, verifying the wavelength λ of the microwaves as well as diffraction from
More informationBANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS
BANDWIDTH ENHANCEMENT OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS Ali Hussain Ali Yawer 1 and Abdulkareem Abd Ali Mohammed 2 1 Electronic and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Al- Nahrain University,
More informationTHE CONDUCTANCE BANDWIDTH OF AN ELEC- TRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA IN ANTIRESONANT RANGES
Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 24, 285 301, 2010 THE CONDUCTANCE BANDWIDTH OF AN ELEC- TRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA IN ANTIRESONANT RANGES O. B. Vorobyev Stavropol Institute of Radiocommunications
More informationLow-Profile and Small Capacitively Fed VHF Antenna
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 60, 31 38, 2016 Low-Profile and Small Capacitively Fed VHF Antenna Yaakoub Taachouche 1, *, Franck Colombel 1, Mohamed Himdi 1, and Antoine Guenin 2
More informationUNIT-3. Ans: Arrays of two point sources with equal amplitude and opposite phase:
`` UNIT-3 1. Derive the field components and draw the field pattern for two point source with spacing of λ/2 and fed with current of equal n magnitude but out of phase by 180 0? Ans: Arrays of two point
More informationStudy and Analysis of Wire Antenna using Integral Equations: A MATLAB Approach
2016 International Conference on Micro-Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Study and Analysis of Wire Antenna using Integral Equations: A MATLAB Approach 1 Shekhar, 2 Taimoor Khan, 3 Abhishek
More informationNote: For. interested in. Radiation. A field pattern. H and a phase
Lecture-3 Antenna parameters: (Continued ) 1.4.3 Radiated Power With this information, now we are in a position to calculate the total radiated power from an antenna. Mathematically it can be written as
More informationDESIGN AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A SINGLE HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNA TRANSMITTING AT 235MHz USING METHOD OF MOMENT
IJRRAS 15 (1) April 13 www.arpapress.com/volumes/vol15issue1/ijrras_15_1_15.pdf DESIGN AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A SINGLE HALF-WAVE DIPOLE ANTENNA TRANSMITTING AT 35MHz USING METHOD OF MOMENT Adewumi Adebayo
More informationCan an Antenna Be Cut Into Pieces (Without Affecting Its Radiation)?
Can an Antenna Be Cut Into Pieces (Without Affecting Its Radiation)? David J. Jefferies School of Electronics and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK Kirk T. McDonald
More informationANTENNA THEORY. Analysis and Design. CONSTANTINE A. BALANIS Arizona State University. JOHN WILEY & SONS New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto Singapore
ANTENNA THEORY Analysis and Design CONSTANTINE A. BALANIS Arizona State University JOHN WILEY & SONS New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto Singapore Contents Preface xv Chapter 1 Antennas 1 1.1 Introduction
More informationAntenna Theory. Wire Antennas
Antenna Theory Wire Antennas Monopole Antenna Long Wire or Traveling wave Antennas Yagi Uda Antenna Prof. D. Kannadassan Reference: C. A. Balanis, J.D. Krauss Monopole antenna Image theory, an intro A
More informationIMPROVEMENT OF YAGI UDA ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERN
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 8, Issue 7, July 2017, pp. 636 641, Article ID: IJMET_08_07_071 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtype=8&itype=7
More informationMethodology for Analysis of LMR Antenna Systems
Methodology for Analysis of LMR Antenna Systems Steve Ellingson June 30, 2010 Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 System Model 2 2.1 Receive System Model................................... 2 2.2 Calculation of
More informationELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY HANDBOOK 1. Chapter 8: Cable Modeling
ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY HANDBOOK 1 Chapter 8: Cable Modeling Related to the topic in section 8.14, sometimes when an RF transmitter is connected to an unbalanced antenna fed against earth ground
More informationDESIGN OF PASSIVE RETRANSMITTING SYSTEM
76 DESIGN OF PASSIVE RETRANSMITTING SYSTEM FOR CELLULAR COMMUNICATION Juliane Iten Chaves, Anton Gora Junior, and José Ricardo Descardeci Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Parana-UFPR
More information10 Antenna gain, beam pattern, directivity
10 Antenna gain, beam pattern, directivity Adipoleantenna(oracloselyrelatedmonopoletobestudiedinLecture 18) is a near perfect radiator for purposes of broadcasting that is, sending waves of equal amplitudes
More informationThe Current Distribution of Symmetrical Dual and Triple Feeding Full-Wave Dipole Antenna
www.ccsenet.org/mas Modern Applied Science Vol. 5, No. 6; December 011 The Current Distribution of Symmetrical Dual and Triple Feeding Full-Wave Dipole Antenna Yahya S. H. Khraisat Electrical and Electronics
More informationA Planar Equiangular Spiral Antenna Array for the V-/W-Band
207 th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP) A Planar Equiangular Spiral Antenna Array for the V-/W-Band Paul Tcheg, Kolawole D. Bello, David Pouhè Reutlingen University of Applied Sciences,
More informationAntenna Theory. Introduction
1 Introduction Antenna Theory Antennas are device that designed to radiate electromagnetic energy efficiently in a prescribed manner. It is the current distributions on the antennas that produce the radiation.
More informationANY linear antenna is a Crossed Field Antenna (CFA) in
1 On the Crossed Field Antenna Performance Valentino Trainotti, Senior Member, IEEE, and Luis A. Dorado, Student Member, IEEE Abstract Lately, short antennas and Crossed Field Antennas CFA) have attracted
More informationCOUPLED SECTORIAL LOOP ANTENNA (CSLA) FOR ULTRA-WIDEBAND APPLICATIONS *
COUPLED SECTORIAL LOOP ANTENNA (CSLA) FOR ULTRA-WIDEBAND APPLICATIONS * Nader Behdad, and Kamal Sarabandi Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI,
More information9. Microwaves. 9.1 Introduction. Safety consideration
MW 9. Microwaves 9.1 Introduction Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of the order of 1 mm to 1 m, or equivalently, with frequencies from 0.3 GHz to 0.3 THz, are commonly known as microwaves, sometimes
More informationHHTEHHH THEORY ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. CONSTANTINE A. BALANIS Arizona State University
HHTEHHH THEORY ANALYSIS AND DESIGN CONSTANTINE A. BALANIS Arizona State University JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto Singapore Contents Preface V CHAPTER 1 ANTENNAS 1.1 Introduction
More informationnan Small loop antennas APPLICATION NOTE 1. General 2. Loop antenna basics
nan400-03 1. General For F designers developing low-power radio devices for short-range applications, antenna design has become an important issue for the total radio system design. Taking the demand for
More informationIntroduction to Analog And Digital Communications
Introduction to Analog And Digital Communications Second Edition Simon Haykin, Michael Moher Chapter 11 System and Noise Calculations 11.1 Electrical Noise 11.2 Noise Figure 11.3 Equivalent Noise Temperature
More informationDifferentiable functions (Sec. 14.4)
Math 20C Multivariable Calculus Lecture 3 Differentiable functions (Sec. 4.4) Review: Partial derivatives. Slide Partial derivatives and continuity. Equation of the tangent plane. Differentiable functions.
More informationIntroduction to Antennas
Dr. S. X-ol What is an antenna? Introduction to ntennas n antenna is a passive structurethat serves as transition between a transmission lineand airused to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic waves.
More informationConsiderations about Radiated Emission Tests in Anechoic Chambers that do not fulfil the NSA Requirements
6 th IMEKO TC Symposium Sept. -, 8, Florence, Italy Considerations about Radiated Emission Tests in Anechoic Chambers that do not fulfil the NSA Requirements M. Borsero, A. Dalla Chiara 3, C. Pravato,
More information