WIRELESS SENSOR POSITIONING WITH ULTRAWIDEBAND FINGERPRINTING

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "WIRELESS SENSOR POSITIONING WITH ULTRAWIDEBAND FINGERPRINTING"

Transcription

1 WIRELESS SENSOR POSITIONING WITH ULTRAWIDEBAND FINGERPRINTING Wasim Q. Malik and Ben Allen Depamen of Engineeing Science, Univesiy of Oxfod, Paks Road, Oxfod OX 3PJ, Unied Kingdom (Invied Pape) Keywods: Localizaion, posiioning, RF fingepining, ulawideband (UWB). Absac Ulawideband (UWB) sysems offe high spaioempoal esoluion and ae heefoe well suied o senso localizaion applicaions. In his pape, we conside he use of UWB signals fo posiioning and anging based on fingepining using a channel impulse esponse daabase. We use indoo measuemens o demonsae he educion in he locaion esimaion ambiguiy and false alam pobabiliy wih an incease in he channel bandwidh. Inoducion Accuae posiioning is one of he majo equiemens fo he nex geneaion of wieless communicaions sysems and senso newoks. Recenly enaced egulaions in he US and Euope now equie cellula sevice povides o deemine and epo he locaion of a mobile ansmie in ode o deal wih emegency siuaions [, 2]. Thee is also consideable inees in senso localizaion by he miliay, since i can be useful fo asse and pesonnel acking, and cove communicaions. Finally, locaion-based billing, mobile yellow pages and inelligen anspo sysems ae some of he majo commecial applicaions. Posiion esimaion wih he saellie-based Global Posiioning Sysem (GPS) is highly accuae in many siuaions, bu suffes sevee degadaion when he eceive is in an uban canyon o an indoo envionmen. Gound-based saions use he eceived signal sengh (RSS), ime-of-aival (TOA), ime-diffeence-of-aival (TDOA) o angle-of-aival (AOA) fo locaion esimaion ha usually involves iangulaion [3]. These appoaches ae highly sensiive o he availabiliy of line-of-sigh (LOS), wih posiively biased ange esimaes in non-los (NLOS) siuaions. Mulipah popagaion also causes goss posiioning eos, due o which sysems wih lage bandwidh, and consequenly fine mulipah esoluion capabiliy, yield bee pefomance [4, 5]. Fuhemoe, he geomeic diluion of pecision (GDOP) of many posiioning echniques is small only when he posiioning saions ae muually fa apa, inceasing significanly if hey ae spaially poximal. RF fingepining is an alenaive echnique fo locaion esimaion [3, 6]. I consiss of wo seps: () a pioi consucion of a map elaing vaious poins in space o a given popagaion paamee, and (2) un-ime esimaion of ha paamee fom he eceived signal and is coelaion wih he soed daabase. This signal paamee ha acs as a unique locaion signaue may, fo example, be he RSS o he angula delay pofile (ADP). The channel impulse esponse (CIR) may also be used fo his pupose [7, 8], leading o geae accuacy han ime-based appoaches in uban bu no sububan envionmens [9]. Compaed o GSM sysems, he accuacy of RF fingepining impoves wih UMTS due o is inceased bandwidh and ime esoluion [9]. Fuhe impovemens can be obained wih adapive appoaches such as neual newok aining [] o Kalman fileing [] o incease he obusness. Fig. illusaes he concep of senso posiion esimaion wih fingepining and daabase coelaion based on he spaio-empoal impulse esponse of he popagaion channel. CIR-based fingepining offes a poenially obus soluion o some of he poblems faced by he ohe posiioning echniques. LOS blockage and dense mulipah do no deeioae is accuacy, which acually inceases wih geae scaeing. On his basis, his echnique is especially suied o indoo envionmens wih dense, hee-dimensional mulipah popagaion. As i does no involve iangulaion o AOA esimaion, he equiemen fo disibued o collocaed anenna sysems is also obviaed. I pefoms bee in wideband channels han in naowband channels [9], and heefoe may be a good choice fo senso localizaion using ulawideband (UWB) echnology [2, 3]. On he flip side, howeve, he consucion of a high-esoluion map based on measuemens is a vey ime-consuming pocess and is feasible only in small egions wih easy access. Also, he map is only valid fo a adio popagaion envionmen whee he main feaues of he CIR, dependen on he dominan scaeing cenes, emain saionay, a condiion ha can be fulfilled by lage buildings in oudoo envionmens, o walls and lage objecs in indoo channels.

2 h (, Tansmie x() y (, Receive Coelao Esimaed posiion, ˆ Channel Daabase Fig.. Schemaic epesenaion of locaion fingepining based on daabase coelaion. In his pape, we invesigae he use of UWB signals fo senso locaion fingepining in an indoo envionmen using CIR measuemens. Of paicula inees is he impac of LOS pesence and channel bandwidh, which we conside in deail in ou analysis. The es of his pape is oganized as follows. Sec. 2 gives an oveview of he pinciple of wideband RF fingepining, Sec. 3. descibes he indoo channel esponse measuemen pocedue used in he analysis in his pape, Sec. 4 discusses he key esuls fom his analysis, and Sec. 5 summaizes he main conclusions. 2 RF Fingepining We now pesen an analyical famewok fo locaion esimaion using fingepining based on wideband adio signals. Le us conside a wideband wieless communicaions sysem opeaing in a fequency selecive channel. The eceived signal is given in he geneal fom by he expession y, = E h, x + z, () whee ( ) x ( ) () () is he eceive locaion, () E x z() h(, x is he ansmied signal, is he ansmi signal enegy, is he addiive whie Gaussian noise, is he spaio-empoal impulse esponse of he channel, and denoes convoluion. Unde he apped delay line channel model, we can wie L jφ, l h(, = α, le δ ( l) l= whee α,l, φ,l and,l denoe he magniude esponse, phase esponse and excess ime delay of he l h mulipah componen (MPC), and L is he numbe of esolved MPCs in he CIR coesponding o locaion. The pinciple of RF fingepining involves he measuemen and soage of h, fo R, whee R denoes he ( ) ensemble of locaions in he egion of inees. While fingepining can be used fo volumeic localizaion, we will esic ou analysis o wo spaial dimensions in his pape, so,, (2) ha ( x, y) = epesens a poin in he hoizonal plane. When a pe-ecoded CIR daabase is available, an esimae, ˆ, of he ue insananeous posiion,, of a mobile can be obained using he coesponding insananeous esimaed CIR, h ˆ,. Hee we do no assume pefec channel ( ) esimaion and allow fo impefecions due o noise, unesolved mulipah, inefeence, o synchonizaion eos. The posiion esimaion poblem can hen be fomulaed as he maximizaion of he CIR coss-coelaion coefficien, i.e., = R R ˆ ag max. Fo m = h(, and n h( ˆ, coefficien,, (3) =, he complex coelaion R E{ } E{ } E{ }, is he channel spaial coelaion defined as mn mn m n R = ( E{ m } E{ m} )( E{ n } E{} n ) whee u is he complex conjugae of u and E {}. denoes he expecaion opeao. Fom (4), R = coesponds o ˆ =, leading o pecise localizaion. The pefec coelaion condiion is, howeve, impacical due o impefecions in he channel esimaion pocess a he eceive. A lowe coelaion heshold,, can heefoe be used insead, such as R h =.9,.7, o.5. The coesponding egion in space is epesened by R ˆ R such ha R ˆ if R R fo aound ˆ h, and he span of ˆR defines he coheence disance, dc, of he channel. Some sidelobes wih vaying ampliudes may be pesen in he spaial coelaion funcion, as is ypical fo naowband Rayleigh channels [4]. If he ampliude of any such sidelobe exceeds, i may esul in sevee locaion esimaion R h eos, and heefoe R h should be chosen caefully in accodance wih he channel popagaion condiions., (4) R h

3 Analogous o his ime-domain eamen, he fequencydomain channel ansfe funcions (CTFs) can also be used fo fingepining. If U = F u denoes he discee Fouie {} ansfom opeaion, hen we can ewie (4) as R = F { MN } (5) whee M = H, f = F h, ( ) ( ) { ( )} K jθ, k a, ke δ f k f k = = ( ) and N = H ˆ, f is defined similaly. In (6), α,k and θ,k denoe he ampliude and phase of he k h fequency componen. Fo a channel wih bandwidh W sampled a K f = W K. fequency poins, he fequency esoluion is ( ) 3 Analysis Mehodology We conduc indoo channel measuemens in a numbe of small office envionmens o evaluae he posiioning abiliy of UWB fingepining. The measuemens ae in he FCCallocaed UWB band beween fequencies f l = 3. GHz and f h =.6 GHz, wih K = W f + = 6 discee fequency samples ove he = ( f ) 2= h l (6) W f GHz bandwidh. A veco newok analyze is used o obain he CTF, H (, f ), fom he S 2 (f) measuemen. LOS and NLOS channel daases ae obained in muliple ooms, each compising of he CTFs measued in a local egion using a ecangula gid posiione spanning m m wih. m esoluion. Fo each daase, he ansmie is fixed a one locaion while he eceive is anslaed hoizonally using he posiione. Discone anennas ae used fo omnidiecional ansmission H f, we obain he and ecepion. Fom each measued (, ) coesponding educed-bandwidh CTFs, H (, f b ), wih bandwidh W b, using ideal bandpass files cened a f c, such H, f = H, f if f f W 2, and ohewise, ha ( ) ( ) b whee f ( f f ) GHz c l h c = + = is mainained in each case. The numbe of fequency poins, K, is kep consan fo fai compaison by zeo-padding he disceized CTFs in he ineval Wb 2 < f fc W b, simila o [5]. Fuhe deails of he channel measuemen pocedue, he popagaion envionmen, and basic daa pocessing can be found in [5]. 4 Resuls The measuemen-based analysis of fingepining wih UWB signals demonsaes he effeciveness of his echnique. We find fom he complex spaial coelaion magniude, R, in Fig. 2 ha in he GHz wide UWB channel, hee is lile pobabiliy of false posiion esimaion if he coelaion heshold is chosen caefully. Fom ou analysis, a small numbe of false maches may occu a R h =.5 fo some CIRs due o he coelaion sidelobes, bu R h =.7 povides b moe eliable esuls. Significan sidelobes, which decay wih disance, ae obseved only along he coss-ange diecion, indicaing ha he popagaion is no pefecly isoopic. The compaison of Figs. 2(a) and (b) eveals ha he posiioning accuacy is highe and he incidence of false a alam lowe in NLOS han in LOS, due o he moe ponounced sidelobes in he lae, esablishing ha he pefomance of UWB fingepining impoves unde inceased scaeing. The posiion ambiguiy egion has a adius of appoximaely 2 cm wih R h =.5. This accuacy is compaable o ha obained fom TOA-based UWB posiioning wih iangulaion in [5]. (a) Line-of-sigh envionmen 5 5 (b) Non-line-of-sigh envionmen Fig. 2. An esimae of fingepin ambiguiy in ems of he channel impulse esponse spaial coelaion fo a GHz wide UWB channel. The ue senso locaion is = (,). Fig. 3 depics he coelaion magniudes in he NLOS channel fo vaious values of he channel bandwidh, W b. I is found ha he localizaion accuacy depends significanly on W b. As W b inceases, he obusness of he coelaion measue also inceases, wih fewe false esimaes appeaing 5 5

4 above he appopiaely seleced coelaion heshold a vey lage bandwidh. We also find ha a low W b, he coelaion heshold mus be inceased o a value appoaching uniy in ode o educe he occuence of false posiion esimaes. A consequence of his obsevaion is ha he condiions on channel esimaion qualiy can be elaxed when he bandwidh is lage, leading o educed equiemens fo he associaed hadwae complexiy. The widh of he coelaion funcion mainlobe does no appea o vay subsanially wih W b, and he main conibuion of inceasing bandwidh is hus he impoved disciminaion fom disan locaions. We now invesigae he dependence of coelaion on channel bandwidh in fuhe deail by examining he spaial coelaion funcion a vaious values of W b. The mean coelaion behavio is analyzed along he ange and cossange diecions sepaaely. In his analysis, he coss-ange coelaion, R x, is obained as a funcion of he coss-ange offse, x, fo a given se of fixed-ange CIRs using (4) wih m = h( x, and n = h( ˆ x,, whee ˆ x denoes he esimae of he ue posiion. We hen aveage his coelaion funcion ove he ange, y, o obain R { x y Rx = E }. A simila pocedue is adoped o evaluae of he mean ange coelaion, R, and he pocess is epeaed fo vaious W b. y Fig. 4 shows ha boh he mean ange and coss-ange coelaion sidelobes decay shaply wih W b. The coelaion decay is lage in ange han in coss-ange. The coss-ange sidelobes obseved in Fig. 3 ae mos noiceable a low W b. The mean widh of he coelaion funcion mainlobe, which deemines he spaial esoluion of he senso posiion esimae, is also found o be smalle in he ange diecion han in he coss-ange diecion. When he coelaion heshold is aken as.5, his posiioning ambiguiy egion spans appoximaely d = 4 cm and d x = 6 cm along he ange and coss-ange diecions, especively, a he UWB bandwidh (W b 5 MHz), so ha he aea of he ambiguiy ellipse is π dd 4= 8.8 cm 2. x (a) W b = 5 MHz 5 5 (b) W b = 2 GHz Conclusion Senso posiion esimaion wih fingepining povides a viable alenaive o ohe posiioning echniques based on TOA, TDOA and AOA esimaion, poviding a suiably deailed signaue daabase is available. Is accuacy, achieved wih a single anenna, is compaable o he ohe candidae echniques. I is also obus o hash popagaion condiions such as NLOS channels wih dense mulipah. Ou analysis has shown ha he posiioning accuacy and eliabiliy obained wih CIR-based fingepining is impoved subsanially wih an incease in he signal bandwidh. As accuae posiion esimaion can hen be achieved even wih elaively low coelaion, he UWB channel esimaion equiemens can be elaxed and sysem complexiy educed. In conclusion, UWB fingepining is well suied o senso localizaion applicaions in saic indoo envionmens (c) W b = GHz Fig. 3. Fingepin ambiguiy in ems of he channel impulse esponse spaial coelaion fo a UWB channel wih bandwidh W b in NLOS. The ue senso locaion is = (,). 5

5 Acknowledgemen This wok was suppoed by he Engineeing and Physical Sciences Reseach Council, UK, via Gan GR/T2769/. Refeences [] "Revision of he Commission's ules o insue compaibiliy wih enhanced 9 emegency calling sysems," Fedeal Communicaions Commission, Washingon, DC, USA FCC 94-2, July 996. [2] "Commission pushes fo apid deploymen of locaion enhanced 2 emegency sevices," Euopean Commission, Bussels, Belgium IP/3/22, July 23. [3] F. Gusafsson and F. Gunnasson, "Mobile posiioning using wieless newoks," IEEE Sig. Poc. Mag., vol. 22, no. 4, July. [4] S. Gezici, e al., "Localizaion via ula-wideband adios: a look a posiioning aspecs fo fuue senso newoks," IEEE Sig. Poc. Mag., vol. 22, no. 4, July. [5] Z. Taique, W. Q. Malik, and D. J. Edwads, "Bandwidh equiemens fo accuae deecion of diec pah in mulipah envionmen," IEE Elecon. Le., vol. 42, no. 2, Jan. 26. [6] S. Juuakko and W. Backman, "Daabase coelaion mehod wih eo coecion fo emegency locaion," Wieless Pes. Commun., vol. 3, no. 2, Sep. 24. [7] O. Hilsenah and M. Wax, "Radio ansmie locaion finding fo wieless communicaion newok sevices and managemen," in US Paen 6,26,34. USA: US Wieless Cop., 2. [8] M. Wax and O. Hilsenah, "Signaue maching fo locaion deeminaion in wieless communicaion sysems," in US Paen 6,2,95. USA: US Wieless Cop., 2. [9] S. Ahonen and H. Laiinen, "Daabase coelaion mehod fo UMTS locaion," in Poc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf. (VTC). Seoul, Souh Koea, Ap. 23. [] C. Neguizian, C. Despins, and S. Affes, "Geolocaion in mines wih an impulse esponse fingepining echnique and neual newoks," IEEE Tans. Wieless Commun., vol. 5, no. 3, Ma. 26. [] T. Nypan, K. Gade, and O. Hallingsad, "Vehicle posiioning by daabase compaison wusing he Box-Cox meic and Kalman fileing," in Poc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf. (VTC). Bimingham, AL, USA, May 22. [2] B. Allen, M. Dohle, E. E. Okon, W. Q. Malik, A. K. Bown, and D. J. Edwads (ed.), Ula-Wideband Anennas and Popagaion fo Communicaions, Rada and Imaging. London, UK: Wiley, 26. [3] B. Allen, "Ula wideband wieless senso newoks," in Poc. IEE Wokshop Ula Wideband. London, UK, July 24. [4] G. L. Sübe, Pinciples of Mobile Communicaions, 2nd ed. Nowell, MA, USA: Kluwe Academic Publishes, 2. [5] W. Q. Malik, B. Allen, and D. J. Edwads, "Impac of bandwidh on small-scale fade deph," in Poc. IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (Globecom). Washingon, DC, USA, Nov Bandwidh, GHz Bandwidh, GHz 6 5 (a) Coss-ange diecion 6 5 (b) Range diecion Fig. 4. The vaiaion of fingepin ambiguiy wih channel bandwidh, in ems of he UWB channel impulse esponse spaial coelaion, along coss-ange and ange diecions in NLOS. The ue senso locaion is a offse. 5 5

A Cooperative MIMO Mobile Multihop Relay for Cellular Networks

A Cooperative MIMO Mobile Multihop Relay for Cellular Networks Poceedings of he 6h WSEAS In. Conf. on Eleconics, Hadwae, Wieless and Opical Communicaions, Cofu Island, Geece, Febuay 16-19, 7 116 A Coopeaive MIMO Mobile Mulihop Relay fo Cellula Newoks Jong-Moon Chung¹,

More information

Wireless Channels Path Loss and Shadowing

Wireless Channels Path Loss and Shadowing Wieless Channels Pah Loss and Shadowing A. Özgü Yılmaz - METU EE 78 METU AOY 1 Wieless channel suscepible o Noise Inefeence Channel impedimens Impedimens change ove ime unpedicably due o Use movemen Envionmen

More information

IEEE pc-00/44

IEEE pc-00/44 2000-09-07 IEEE 802.16.1pc-00/44 Pojec Tile Dae Submied Souce(s) Re: Absac Pupose Noice Release IEEE Paen Policy IEEE 802.16 Boadband Wieless Access Woing Goup Recommendaion on LMDS

More information

Bending Geometry Factor For Profile Corrected Involute Gear Tooth With Trochoidal Fillet

Bending Geometry Factor For Profile Corrected Involute Gear Tooth With Trochoidal Fillet Bending Geomey Faco Fo Poile Coeced Involue Gea Tooh Wih Tochoidal Fille S.P.Ganesan and G. Muhuveeappan 1 Comba Vehicles Reseach and 1 Machine Design Secion Developmen Esablishmen DRDO Mechanical Engineeing

More information

Journal of Kerbala University, Vol. 7 No.2 Scientific. 2009

Journal of Kerbala University, Vol. 7 No.2 Scientific. 2009 Jounal of Kebala Univesiy, Vol. 7 No. Scienific. 009 Opical Repeae fo fee- space lase communicaion Sysem Rayed N. Ali, Jassim M. Jassim, Jalib A. Al-dahash, Niza S. Al-zubaidi Depamen of lase Physics Univesiy

More information

A Complexity Cost Function for the Signal Processing in a WCDMA. Basestation for dimensioning of a Software Defined Radio.

A Complexity Cost Function for the Signal Processing in a WCDMA. Basestation for dimensioning of a Software Defined Radio. A omplexiy os Funcion fo he Signal Pocessing in a WDMA Basesaion fo dimensioning of a Sofwae Defined Radio. Paul Buns and Mak Reed Naional IT Ausalia Ausalian Naional Univesiy anbea 000 AT, Ausalia paulbuns@simplexiy.com.au

More information

Compatibility Analysis for Wireless Systems in VHF/UHF Bands with Geographic Information

Compatibility Analysis for Wireless Systems in VHF/UHF Bands with Geographic Information Compaibiliy Analysis fo Wieless Sysems in VHF/UHF Bands wih Geogaphic nfomaion Kyoung-Whoan Suh, Jeong-Seok Jang, Jung-Ho Ahn Absac By using adio popagaion pedicions of Rec. TU-R P.1546 combined wih geogaphic

More information

I. SUMMARY II. NETWORK LEVEL ANALYSIS

I. SUMMARY II. NETWORK LEVEL ANALYSIS A omplexiy os funcion fo a newo of WDMA Basesaions using Sofwae Defined Radio wih High Speed Daa hannels. Paul Buns Ma Reed aional IT Ausalia Ausalian aional Univesiy anbea 000 AT, Ausalia paulbuns@simplexiy.com.au

More information

Performance Analysis of MIMO Satellite Communications Via Multiple Terrestrial Non-Regenerative Relay Nodes

Performance Analysis of MIMO Satellite Communications Via Multiple Terrestrial Non-Regenerative Relay Nodes 35 Pefomance Analysis of MIMO Saellie Communicaions Via Muliple Teesial Non-Regeneaive Relay Nodes Syliani Fassoi, Emmanouel T. Michailidis, and Ahanasios G. Kanaas Depamen of Digial Sysems School of Infomaion

More information

Computer Graphic with Matrices Math 308A Project

Computer Graphic with Matrices Math 308A Project Compue Gaphic wih Maices Mah 38A Pojec Suden: Wei-Liang Chen Suden #: 3292 Dae: Dec 3 d, 2 Pofesso: James King Imagine ha ou ae dawing a picue b hand o compue. The picue we daw b compue ae called compue

More information

A Study on Interference Analysis based on Rec. ITU-R P.1546 with Geographic Information

A Study on Interference Analysis based on Rec. ITU-R P.1546 with Geographic Information Laes Advances in nfomaion cience and Alicaions A udy on nefeence Analysis based on Rec. TU-R P.1546 wih Geogahic nfomaion * K.W. UH, * J.. JANG, * J.H. Ahn, ** C.W. LEE, **.. HN, and ** Y.C. JEON * Eleconic

More information

Development of On-Board Orbit Determination System for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Receiver

Development of On-Board Orbit Determination System for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Receiver Developmen of On-Boad Obi Deeminaion Sysem fo Low Eah Obi (LEO) Saellie Using Global Navigaion Saellie Sysem (GNSS) Receive Sandip Aghav, S. A. Gangal Depamen of Eleconic Science, Univesiy of Pune, Pune

More information

Low-Complexity Time-Domain SNR Estimation for OFDM Systems

Low-Complexity Time-Domain SNR Estimation for OFDM Systems Low-Complexity Time-Domain SR Estimation fo OFDM Systems A. jaz, A.B. Awoseyila and B.G. Evans A low-complexity SR estimation algoithm fo OFDM systems in fequency-selective fading channels is poposed.

More information

ELG3175 Introduction to Communication Systems. VSB and Introduction to Angle Modulation

ELG3175 Introduction to Communication Systems. VSB and Introduction to Angle Modulation ELG3175 Inoduion o Communiaion Sysems and Inoduion o ngle odulaion oivaion Fo wideband inomaion signals, SSB is diiul o implemen. Fo equeny disiminaion, he ile mus have a shap uo nea he equeny so as o

More information

Design of compact joint transform correlator

Design of compact joint transform correlator . Inoducion Design of compac join ansfom coelao Chao Fan College of Infomaion Science and Engineeing, Henan Univesiy of Technology, Zhengzhou 45000, China Received: 4..06 Absac. To impove he qualiy of

More information

Long PN Code Based Traceback in Wireless Networks

Long PN Code Based Traceback in Wireless Networks Inenaional Jounal of Pefomabiliy Engineeing, Vol. 8, No. 2, Mach 212, pp.173-182. RAMS Consulans Pined in India Long PN Code Based Taceback in Wieless Newoks XIAN PAN 1, JUNWEI HUANG 1, ZHEN LING 2, BIN

More information

Long PN Code Based Traceback in Wireless Networks

Long PN Code Based Traceback in Wireless Networks Inenaional Jounal of Pefomabiliy Engineeing, Vol. 8, No. 2, Mach 2012, pp.153-162. RAMS Consulans Pined in India Long PN Code Based Taceback in Wieless Newoks XIAN PAN 1, JUNWEI HUANG 1, ZHEN LING 2, BIN

More information

White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: Version: Accepted Version

White Rose Research Online URL for this paper:   Version: Accepted Version This is a eposioy copy of isguised Bionic Sona Signal Wavefom esign wih Is Poible amouflage Applicaion Saegy fo Undewae Senso Plafoms. Whie Rose Reseach Online URL fo his pape: hp://epins.whieose.ac.uk/3547/

More information

Interconnect Planning, Synthesis, and Layout for Performance, Signal Reliability and Cost Optimization. Project Overview

Interconnect Planning, Synthesis, and Layout for Performance, Signal Reliability and Cost Optimization. Project Overview Ineconnec Planning, Synhesis, and Layou fo Pefomance, Signal Reliabiliy and Cos Opimizaion SRC Task ID: 605.00 PI: Pof. Jason Cong (UCLA) Gaduae Sudens: Chin-Chih Chang, Daid Pan, Xin Yuan Indusial Liaisons:

More information

Segmentation of Fluorescence Microscopy Cell Images Using Unsupervised Mining

Segmentation of Fluorescence Microscopy Cell Images Using Unsupervised Mining he Open Medical Infomaics Jounal, 00, 4, 4-49 4 Open Access Segmenaion of Fluoescence Micoscopy Cell Images Using Unsupevised Mining Xian Du and Sumee Dua *,, Daa Mining Reseach Laboaoy, Depamen of Compue

More information

Parameters of spinning AM reticles

Parameters of spinning AM reticles Paametes of spinning AM eticles onald G. Digges, Cal E. Halfod, and Glenn D. Boeman A new method of obtaining amplitude modulation (AM) fo detemining taget location with spinning eticles is pesented. The

More information

PERFORMANCE OF TOA ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES IN INDOOR MULTIPATH CHANNELS

PERFORMANCE OF TOA ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES IN INDOOR MULTIPATH CHANNELS PERFORMANCE OF TOA ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES IN INDOOR MULTIPATH CHANNELS Xinong Li, Kaveh Pahlavan, and Jacques Beneat Cente fo Wiele Infomation Netwo Studies Electical and Compute Engineeing Depatment, Woceste

More information

100G and 200G single carrier transmission over 2880 and 320 km using an InP IQ modulator and Stokes vector receiver

100G and 200G single carrier transmission over 2880 and 320 km using an InP IQ modulator and Stokes vector receiver Vol. 4, No. 6 6 Dec 016 OPTICS EPRESS 0485 100G and 00G single caie ansmission ove 880 and 0 km using an InP IQ modulao and Sokes veco eceive MOHAMMED Y. S. SOWAILEM,1,4,5 THANG M. HOANG,1,4,6 MATHIEU

More information

Assessing the Effect of Calibration on Nonresponse Bias in the 2005 ARMS Phase III Sample Using 2002 Census of Agriculture Data

Assessing the Effect of Calibration on Nonresponse Bias in the 2005 ARMS Phase III Sample Using 2002 Census of Agriculture Data Secion on Govenmen Saisics JSM 2008 Assessing he Effec of Calibaion on Nonesponse Bias in he 2005 ARMS Phase III Sample Using 2002 Census of Agiculue Daa Mogan S. Eap 1, Jaki S. McCahy 1, Nick D. Schaue

More information

A Comparison of Modulation Schemes in Bandlimited AWGN Channels

A Comparison of Modulation Schemes in Bandlimited AWGN Channels Souhen llinois Univesiy Caondale OpenSUC Coneence Poceedings Depamen o Elecical and Compue Engineeing 11-1995 A Compaison o Modulaion Schemes in andlimied AWGN Channels Ted J. Wolco New Mexico Sae Univesiy

More information

Compensation Estimation Method for Fast Fading MIMO- OFDM Channels Based on Compressed Sensing

Compensation Estimation Method for Fast Fading MIMO- OFDM Channels Based on Compressed Sensing Jounal of Communicaions Vol., No. 7, July 015 Comensaion Esimaion Mehod fo Fas Fading MIMO- OFDM Channels Based on Comessed Sensing Xiaoing. Zhou 1,, Zhongxiao. Zhao 1, Li. Li 1, and Si. Li 1 1 College

More information

Antenna fundamentals: With answers to questions and problems (See also Chapter 9 in the textbook.)

Antenna fundamentals: With answers to questions and problems (See also Chapter 9 in the textbook.) adio Technology Metopolia/A. Koivumäki Antenna fundamentals: With answes to questions and poblems (See also Chapte 9 in the textbook.) 1. a) Make up a definition fo the tem "antenna". Answe: One definition:

More information

OBSOLETE 427, 424, 425, 426, 432, 428, 429, 422, AD530, AD531. I t. t I. t t I r

OBSOLETE 427, 424, 425, 426, 432, 428, 429, 422, AD530, AD531. I t. t I. t t I r T MULTPLERSjDVDERS 427, 424, 425, 426, 432, 428, 429, 422, AD530, AD531, 1, MULTPLER CLASSFCATON AND PRODUCT DESCRPTON To assis in selecing he bes muliplie fo he applicaion, we have classified poducs accoding

More information

VLSI Implementation of Low Complexity MIMO Detection Algorithms

VLSI Implementation of Low Complexity MIMO Detection Algorithms , Impact Facto :.643 eissn : 349-000 & pissn : 394-4544 Intenational Jounal of Reseach and Applications (Ap-Jun 015 Tansactions) (6): 309-313 Intenational Confeence on Emeging Tends in Electonics & Telecommunications

More information

Design of A Circularly Polarized E-shaped Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications

Design of A Circularly Polarized E-shaped Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth for 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications VNU Jounal of Science: Comp. Science & Com. Eng., Vol. 31, No. 2 (2015) 1-7 Design of A Ciculaly Polaized E-shaped Patch Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth fo 2.4 GHz WLAN Applications Hong Van Tam 1, Luong

More information

ECE 6560 Multirate Signal Processing Chapter 7

ECE 6560 Multirate Signal Processing Chapter 7 Muliae Signal Pocessing Chape 7 D. Badley J. Bauin Wesen Michigan Univesiy College of Engineeing and Applied Sciences Depaen of Elecical and Copue Engineeing 93 W. Michigan Ave. Kalaaoo MI, 498-5329 Chape

More information

Performance Comparison of Multihop Wireless ADHOC Routing Protocols AODV, OLSR & TORA

Performance Comparison of Multihop Wireless ADHOC Routing Protocols AODV, OLSR & TORA Pefomance Compaison of Mulihop Wieless ADHOC Rouing Poocols AODV, OLSR & TORA Mahesh Chanda Gupa Aal Bihai Vajpayee Indian Insiue of Infomaion Technology & Managemen Gwalio 474015, M.P., India Lakhan Dev

More information

ISSN: [Reddy & Rao* et al., 5(12): December, 2016] Impact Factor: 4.116

ISSN: [Reddy & Rao* et al., 5(12): December, 2016] Impact Factor: 4.116 IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY SIMULATION COMPARISONS OF INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE WITH ESTIMATOR AND PLL V. Nasi Reddy *, S. Kishnajuna Rao*, S.Nagenda Kuma * Assistant

More information

where and are polynomials with real coefficients and of degrees m and n, respectively. Assume that and have no zero on axis.

where and are polynomials with real coefficients and of degrees m and n, respectively. Assume that and have no zero on axis. function whee is an unknown constant epesents fo the un-modeled dynamics The pape investigates the position contol of electical moto dives that can be configued as stuctue of Fig 1 This poblem is fomulated

More information

Comparison Between Known Propagation Models Using Least Squares Tuning Algorithm on 5.8 GHz in Amazon Region Cities

Comparison Between Known Propagation Models Using Least Squares Tuning Algorithm on 5.8 GHz in Amazon Region Cities 106 Compaison Between Known Popagation Models Using Least Squaes Tuning Algoithm on 5.8 GHz in Amazon Region Cities Buno S. L. Casto, Mácio R. Pinheio, Gevásio P. S. Cavalcante Fedeal Univesity of Paá

More information

WIRELESS SENSORS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE

WIRELESS SENSORS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE 7th Euopean Wokshop on Stuctual Health Monitoing July 8-11, 2014. La Cité, Nantes, Fance Moe Info at Open Access Database www.ndt.net/?id=17296 WIRELESS SENSORS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE Amal Abbadi 1 Phd Student,

More information

DESIGN A FSS USING JERUSALEM CROSS STRUCTURE AS A BSF FOR SATELLITE APPLICATIONS AT 10GHz

DESIGN A FSS USING JERUSALEM CROSS STRUCTURE AS A BSF FOR SATELLITE APPLICATIONS AT 10GHz IJARII-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 DSIGN A FSS USING JRUSALM CROSS STRUCTUR AS A BSF FOR SATLLIT APPLICATIONS AT 10GHz Rami Kii 1, Geea 2, Rakhi Pahak 3 1 C Suden, Apex Insiue of Technology, Rampu, Ua-Padesh, India

More information

Phase Locked Loop based Pulse Density Modulation Scheme for the Power Control of Induction Heating Applications

Phase Locked Loop based Pulse Density Modulation Scheme for the Power Control of Induction Heating Applications Jounal of Powe Eleconics, Vol. 5, No., pp. 6577, Januay 05 65 JPE 57 hp://dx.doi.og/0.63/jpe.05.5..65 IN(Pin): 59809 / IN(Online): 093478 Phase Locked Loop based Pulse Densiy Modulaion cheme fo he Powe

More information

TELE4652 Mobile and Satellite Communications

TELE4652 Mobile and Satellite Communications TELE465 Mobile and Saellie Communicaions Assignmen (Due: 4pm, Monday 7 h Ocober) To be submied o he lecurer before he beginning of he final lecure o be held a his ime.. This quesion considers Minimum Shif

More information

ABSTRACTT FFT FFT-' Proc. of SPIE Vol U-1

ABSTRACTT FFT FFT-' Proc. of SPIE Vol U-1 Phase econstuction stategies in phase-locking system based on multi-apetue wave font sensos P.A. Semenov, S.D. Pol skikh Shvabe-Reseach, Moscow, Russian Fedeation; e-mail: pite@bk.u ABSTRACTT System of

More information

N2-1. The Voltage Source. V = ε ri. The Current Source

N2-1. The Voltage Source. V = ε ri. The Current Source DC Cicuit nalysis The simplest cicuits to undestand and analyze ae those that cay diect cuent (DC). n this note we continue ou study of DC cicuits with the topics of DC voltage and cuent souces, the idea

More information

Optimal Design of Smart Mobile Terminal Antennas for Wireless Communication and Computing Systems

Optimal Design of Smart Mobile Terminal Antennas for Wireless Communication and Computing Systems Optimal Design of Smat Mobile Teminal Antennas fo Wieless Communication and Computing Systems Autho Lu, Junwei, Yang, Shiyou Published 2007 Confeence Title 2007 4th Intenational Symposium on Electomagnetic

More information

Spectrum Sharing between Public Safety and Commercial Users in 4G-LTE

Spectrum Sharing between Public Safety and Commercial Users in 4G-LTE 1 Spectum Shaing between Public Safety and Commecial Uses in 4G-LTE Haya Shajaiah, Ahmed Abdel-Hadi and Chales Clancy Badley Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing Viginia Tech, Alington, VA, 22203,

More information

S11 PHY114 Problem Set 8

S11 PHY114 Problem Set 8 S11 PHY114 Poblem Set 8 S. G. Rajeev Apil 4, 2011 Due Monday 4 Ap 2011 1. Find the wavelength of the adio waves emitted by the Univesity of Rocheste adio station (88.5 Mhz)? The numbe of bits pe second

More information

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Poceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Volume 4, 2 http://acousticalsociety.og/ 62nd Meeting Acoustical Society of Ameica San Diego, Califonia 3 Octobe - 4 Novembe 2 Session 4pEA: Engineeing Acoustics 4pEA8.

More information

PSO driven RBFNN for design of equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna

PSO driven RBFNN for design of equilateral triangular microstrip patch antenna Indian Jounal of Radio & Space Physics Vol. 38, August 009, pp 33-37 PSO diven RBF fo design of equilateal tiangula micostip patch antenna Vidya Saga Chintakindi,$, Shyam Sunda Pattnaik,#,*, O P Bajpai

More information

DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR GSM APPLICATION

DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR GSM APPLICATION DESIGN AND PARAMETRIC EVALUATION OF RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR GSM APPLICATION RAHUL T. DAHATONDE, SHANKAR B. DEOSARKAR Dept. of E & TC, D. Babasaheb Ambedka Technological Univesity, Lonee,

More information

ONE-WAY RADAR EQUATION / RF PROPAGATION

ONE-WAY RADAR EQUATION / RF PROPAGATION ONE-WAY RADAR EQUATION / RF PROPAGATION The one-way (tansmitte to eceive) ada equation is deived in this section. This equation is most commonly used in RWR o ESM type of applications. The following is

More information

Chamber Influence Estimation for Radiated Emission Testing in the Frequency Range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz

Chamber Influence Estimation for Radiated Emission Testing in the Frequency Range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz Chambe Influence Estimation fo Radiated Emission Testing in the Fequency Range of 1 GHz to 18 GHz Alexande Kiz Electomagnetic Compatibility and RF-Engineeing ARC eibesdof eseach GmbH eibesdof, Austia alexande.kiz@acs.ac.at

More information

Chapter 14: Bandpass Digital Transmission. A. Bruce Carlson Paul B. Crilly 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies

Chapter 14: Bandpass Digital Transmission. A. Bruce Carlson Paul B. Crilly 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies Communicaion Sysems, 5e Chaper 4: Bandpass Digial Transmission A. Bruce Carlson Paul B. Crilly The McGraw-Hill Companies Chaper 4: Bandpass Digial Transmission Digial CW modulaion Coheren binary sysems

More information

Wireless Communication (Subject Code: 7EC3)

Wireless Communication (Subject Code: 7EC3) COMPUCOM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, JAIPUR (DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) Notes Wieless Communication (Subject Code: 7EC3) Pepaed By: LOKESH KUMAR ARYA Class: B. Tech. IV Yea, VII

More information

MRI. Chapter 1. Larmor equation. Net magnetization. Rotating frame of reference 1/31/2017. ω0 (rad/s) = γ (rad/s/tesla) x B0 (Tesla)

MRI. Chapter 1. Larmor equation. Net magnetization. Rotating frame of reference 1/31/2017. ω0 (rad/s) = γ (rad/s/tesla) x B0 (Tesla) 37 RI Chape FYS-KJ 474 loch equaions an main pinciples FYS-KJ 474 he loch equaion Lamo equaion ωl ωl ωl ω as = γ asesla esla ωl γhogen =.68 *8 asesla π Figue Eo! No e of specifie sle in ocumen.-. he magneic

More information

Noise Reduction/Mode Isolation with Adaptive Down Conversion (ADC)

Noise Reduction/Mode Isolation with Adaptive Down Conversion (ADC) Page 1 Noise Reducion/Mode Isolaion wih Adapive Down Conversion (ADC) Abel B. Diaz, Thomas W. Tunnell NSTec Los Alamos Operaions Presened o PDV Workshop 8-16-2007 Page 2 Summary Adapive down conversion

More information

Received September 9, 2012; revised October 15, 2012; accepted October 26, 2012

Received September 9, 2012; revised October 15, 2012; accepted October 26, 2012 Open Jounal o Fluid ynamics, 01,, 15-1 hp://dx.doi.og/10.436/ojd.01.4a04 Published Online ecembe 01 (hp://.scirp.og/jounal/ojd) Expeimenal Invesigaion o Peomance o he Wind Tubine ih he Flanged-iuse Shoud

More information

Graphs fundamental to many problems. Web graphs. Biology. Other.

Graphs fundamental to many problems. Web graphs. Biology. Other. Gaph pa Moiaion: Gaph fndamenal o man poblem. Web gaph. Biolog. Ohe. Connecii i newok conneced and can o ge fom one node o anohe, o wha i he hoe pah? Eample: Diing diecion; ge o one conac hogh anohe; ocial

More information

Feasibility of a triple mode, low SAR material coated antenna for mobile handsets

Feasibility of a triple mode, low SAR material coated antenna for mobile handsets Loughboough Univesity Institutional Repositoy Feasibility of a tiple mode, low SAR mateial coated antenna fo mobile handsets This item was submitted to Loughboough Univesity's Institutional Repositoy by

More information

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University. ECE 303: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. Fall 2007

School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University. ECE 303: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves. Fall 2007 School of Electical and Compute Engineeing, Conell Univesity ECE 303: Electomagnetic Fields and Waves Fall 007 Homewok 1 Due on Nov. 8, 007 by 5:00 PM Reading Assignments: i) Review the lectue notes. ii)

More information

Realistic Simulation of a Wireless Signal Propagation in an Urban Environment

Realistic Simulation of a Wireless Signal Propagation in an Urban Environment Realistic Simulation of a Wieless Signal Popagation in an Uban Envionment Keyukuma J. Patel Univesity of Southen Queensland Toowoomba, Austalia e-mail: keyupatel@ieee.og Andew Y. J. Lee Nanyang Technological

More information

Near-field Computation and. Uncertainty Estimation using Basic. Cylindrical-Spherical Formulae

Near-field Computation and. Uncertainty Estimation using Basic. Cylindrical-Spherical Formulae Nea-field Computation and Uncetainty Estimation using Basic Cylindical-Spheical Fomulae Poject... IEC 63 Subject... Basic Nea-Field Computation Document numbe... N/A Revision... 3 Autho... F.D. du Plessis

More information

Performance Analysis of High-Rate Full-Diversity Space Time Frequency/Space Frequency Codes for Multiuser MIMO-OFDM

Performance Analysis of High-Rate Full-Diversity Space Time Frequency/Space Frequency Codes for Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Performance Analysis of High-Rae Full-Diversiy Space Time Frequency/Space Frequency Codes for Muliuser MIMO-OFDM R. SHELIM, M.A. MATIN AND A.U.ALAM Deparmen of Elecrical Engineering and Compuer Science

More information

This article presents the

This article presents the A Ciculaly Polaized 6 GHz Micostip Antenna Hee is a mm-wave antenna suitable fo WLAN systems By V. A. Volkov, M. D. Panes Asco, and V. D. Koolkov and R. G. Shifman Resonance This aticle pesents the design

More information

Channel Modelling ETIM10. Fading Statistical description of the wireless channel

Channel Modelling ETIM10. Fading Statistical description of the wireless channel Channel Modelling ETIM10 Lectue no: 3 Fading Statistical desciption of the wieless channel Ghassan Dahman \ Fedik Tufvesson Depatment of Electical and Infomation Technology Lund Univesity, Sweden 013-01-8

More information

Current Compensation Techniques for Lowvoltage High-performance Current Mirror Circuits

Current Compensation Techniques for Lowvoltage High-performance Current Mirror Circuits Southen Illinois Univesity Cabondale OpenSIUC Aticles Depatment of Electical and Compute Engineeing 7-06 Cuent Compensation Techniques fo Lowvoltage High-pefomance Cuent Mio Cicuits Stefan Leitne Haibo

More information

Low Profile MIMO Diversity Antenna with Multiple Feed

Low Profile MIMO Diversity Antenna with Multiple Feed 2011, TextRoad Publication ISSN 2090-424X Jounal of Basic and Applied Scientific Reseach www.textoad.com Low Pofile MIMO Divesity Antenna with Multiple Feed Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Wasif Nisa, Ehsan Ullan

More information

Experimental Investigation of Influence on Non-destructive Testing by Form of Eddy Current Sensor Probe

Experimental Investigation of Influence on Non-destructive Testing by Form of Eddy Current Sensor Probe Expeimental Investigation of Influence on Non-destuctive Testing by Fom of Eddy Cuent Senso Pobe Fengyun Xie * and Jihui Zhou School of Mechanical and Electonical Engineeing, East China Jiaotong Univesity,

More information

Figure Geometry for Computing the Antenna Parameters.

Figure Geometry for Computing the Antenna Parameters. Spheical Coodinate Systems Definitions Figue 1.2.1 Geomety fo Computing the Antenna Paametes. Antenna Radiation Patten: The distibution of adiated enegy fom an antenna ove a suface of constant adius centeed

More information

Cyclic Constellation Mapping Method for PAPR Reduction in OFDM system

Cyclic Constellation Mapping Method for PAPR Reduction in OFDM system 2013 8th Intenational Confeence on Communications and Netwoking in China (CHINACOM) Cyclic Constellation Mapping Method fo PAPR Reduction in OFDM system Yong Cheng, Jianhua Ge, Jun Hou, and Fengkui Gong

More information

Analysis of a Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna

Analysis of a Fractal Microstrip Patch Antenna 124 Analysis of a Factal Micostip Patch Antenna Vibha Rani Gupta and Nisha Gupta* Bila Institute of Technology, Mesa, Ranchi-835215, Jhakhand, India. vgupta@bitmesa.ac.in, ngupta@bitmesa.ac.in Abstact-

More information

EE 330 Lecture 24. Amplification with Transistor Circuits Small Signal Modelling

EE 330 Lecture 24. Amplification with Transistor Circuits Small Signal Modelling EE 330 Lecure 24 Amplificaion wih Transisor Circuis Small Signal Modelling Review from las ime Area Comparison beween BJT and MOSFET BJT Area = 3600 l 2 n-channel MOSFET Area = 168 l 2 Area Raio = 21:1

More information

Experimental Analysis of Parameter Limitations in High-Frequency Resonant Gate Driver

Experimental Analysis of Parameter Limitations in High-Frequency Resonant Gate Driver IASIT Inenaional Jounal of Enee and Technoloy, Vol., No.5, Ocobe 010 ISSN: 1793-836 Expeimenal Analysis of Paamee Limiaions Hih-Fequency Resonan Gae Dive N. Z. Yahaya, K. M. Beam and M. Awan Absac In meahez

More information

ScienceDirect. Simplified Generation of Electromagnetic Field within EMC Immunity Test Area

ScienceDirect. Simplified Generation of Electromagnetic Field within EMC Immunity Test Area Available online at www.sciencediect.com ScienceDiect Pocedia Engineeing 69 ( 014 ) 7 34 4th DAAAM Intenational Symposium on Intelligent Manufactuing and Automation, 013 Simplified Geneation of Electomagnetic

More information

Study and Design of Dual Frequency High Gain and Conformal Microstrip Patch Antenna

Study and Design of Dual Frequency High Gain and Conformal Microstrip Patch Antenna , pp.236-243 http://dx.doi.og/10.14257/astl.2017.147.33 Study and Design of Dual Fequency High Gain and Confomal Micostip Patch Antenna S. Auna 1, K. Sinivasa Naik 2, J. Ramesh 2 and D. Madhu 2 1 Andha

More information

A Transmission Scheme for Continuous ARQ Protocols over Underwater Acoustic Channels

A Transmission Scheme for Continuous ARQ Protocols over Underwater Acoustic Channels A Tansmission Scheme fo Continuous ARQ Potocols ove Undewate Acoustic Channels Mingsheng Gao 1, Wee-Seng Soh 1 and Meixia Tao 2 1 Dept. of Electical & Compute Engineeing, National Univesity of Singapoe,

More information

ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ON THICK SUBSTRATE

ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ON THICK SUBSTRATE Jounal of Micowaves and Optoelectonics, Vol., N. o 5, July 00. 30 ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR MICROSRIP ANENNA ON HICK SUBSRAE A. K. Vema and Nasimuddin Depatment of Electonic Science Univesity of Delhi South

More information

When answering the following 25 questions, always remember that there is someone who has to grade them. So please use legible handwriting.

When answering the following 25 questions, always remember that there is someone who has to grade them. So please use legible handwriting. 38963, VU Mobile Kommunikaion Miderm Exam: Insiu für Nachrichenechnik und Hochfrequenzechnik When answering he following 5 quesions, always remember ha here is someone who has o grade hem So please use

More information

Published in: International Journal of Material Forming. Document Version: Peer reviewed version

Published in: International Journal of Material Forming. Document Version: Peer reviewed version A Vitual Inspection Technique fo Assessing the Dimensional Accuacy of Foged Compesso Blades Using FE Modeling and CMM Inspection Makem, J., Ou, H., Amstong, C., Rennie, A., & Nikov, S. (2008). A Vitual

More information

1 Performance and Cost

1 Performance and Cost Pefomance and Cost Analysis and Reseach of Ai-Cooled Using Small Diamete Coppe Tubes Wu Yang, Li Changsheng and Deng Bin Abstact Replacing coppe tubes with aluminum tubes and using coppe tubes with smalle

More information

Lecture 4. EITN Chapter 12, 13 Modulation and diversity. Antenna noise is usually given as a noise temperature!

Lecture 4. EITN Chapter 12, 13 Modulation and diversity. Antenna noise is usually given as a noise temperature! Lecure 4 EITN75 2018 Chaper 12, 13 Modulaion and diversiy Receiver noise: repeiion Anenna noise is usually given as a noise emperaure! Noise facors or noise figures of differen sysem componens are deermined

More information

Wall Compensation for Ultra Wideband Applications

Wall Compensation for Ultra Wideband Applications 64 A. MUQAIBEL, N. IYA, U. JOHAR, WALL COMPENSATION FOR ULTRA WIDEBAND APPLICATIONS Wall Compensation fo Ulta Wideband Applications Ali H. MUQAIBEL, Nuuddeen M. IYA, Uma M. JOHAR Dept. of Electical Engineeing,

More information

Feasibility of Air Target Detection Using GPS as a Bistatic Radar

Feasibility of Air Target Detection Using GPS as a Bistatic Radar Jounal of Global osiioning Sysems (6) Vol. 5, No. 1-:119-16 Feasibiliy of Ai Tage Deeion Using GS as a Bisai ada E.. Glennon SigNav y Ld, Uni, 59 Tennan S, Fyshwik, ACT 69, Ausalia A. G. Dempse and C.

More information

P. Bruschi: Project guidelines PSM Project guidelines.

P. Bruschi: Project guidelines PSM Project guidelines. Projec guidelines. 1. Rules for he execuion of he projecs Projecs are opional. Their aim is o improve he sudens knowledge of he basic full-cusom design flow. The final score of he exam is no affeced by

More information

Hexagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite and Military Applications

Hexagonal Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Satellite and Military Applications Intenational Jounal of Engineeing and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 49 8958, Volume-7 Issue-5, June 08 Hexagonal Shaped Micostip Patch Antenna fo Satellite and Militay Applications Jayaenjini N, Unni

More information

The Periodic Ambiguity Function Its Validity and Value

The Periodic Ambiguity Function Its Validity and Value The Peiodic Ambiguity Function Its Validity and Value Nadav Levanon Dept. of Electical Engineeing Systems Tel Aviv Univesity Tel Aviv, Isael nadav@eng.tau.ac.il Abstact The peiodic ambiguity function (PAF)

More information

Demosaicking using Adaptive Bilateral Filters

Demosaicking using Adaptive Bilateral Filters Demosaicking using Adaptive Bilateal Filtes Ekine Akuiyibo Timothy Atobatele EE 362, Winte 2006 0. Abstact Digital cameas sample the continuous spectum using an aay of colo filtes such that each pixel

More information

How to Shorten First Order Unit Testing Time. Piotr Mróz 1

How to Shorten First Order Unit Testing Time. Piotr Mróz 1 How o Shoren Firs Order Uni Tesing Time Pior Mróz 1 1 Universiy of Zielona Góra, Faculy of Elecrical Engineering, Compuer Science and Telecommunicaions, ul. Podgórna 5, 65-246, Zielona Góra, Poland, phone

More information

Design of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Local Area Network

Design of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Local Area Network Available Online at www.ijcsmc.com Intenational Jounal of Compute Science and Mobile Computing A Monthly Jounal of Compute Science and Infomation Technology IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 4, Apil 205, pg.36 365

More information

Multiagent Reinforcement Learning Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radios

Multiagent Reinforcement Learning Dynamic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radios Sensos & Tansduces 204 by IFSA Publishing, S L http://wwwsensospotalcom Multiagent Reinfocement Leaning Dynamic Spectum Access in Cognitive Radios Wu Chun, 2 Yin Mingyong, 2 Ma Shaoliang, Jiang Hong School

More information

Analysis of the optimized low-nonlinearity lateral effect sensing detector

Analysis of the optimized low-nonlinearity lateral effect sensing detector Jounal of hysics: Confeence Seies Analysis of the optimized low-nonlineaity lateal effect sensing detecto To cite this aticle: Saeed Olyaee et al J. hys.: Conf. Se. 76 4 Related content - Neual netwok

More information

DESIGN OF DUAL BAND 1X2 MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY FOR GPS RECEIVERS

DESIGN OF DUAL BAND 1X2 MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY FOR GPS RECEIVERS DESIGN OF DUAL BAND 1X2 MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA ARRAY FOR GPS RECEIVERS S. Subhashini and S. Sadhish Pabhu B. S. Abdu Rahman Univesity, Chennai, India ABSTRACT An H shaped dual band mico-stip patch antenna

More information

Gas Tube Arresters. Certifications, Device Selection Purpose, Operation, Installation Part Number Construction, Part Marking. General Information

Gas Tube Arresters. Certifications, Device Selection Purpose, Operation, Installation Part Number Construction, Part Marking. General Information Gas Tube Aestes The Potection Poducts Goup of Wold Poducts Inc., specializing in potection poducts fo AC and DC cicuits, is poud to featue a full line of Gas Tube Aestes. Ceamic Gas Tube Aestes povide

More information

Memorandum on Impulse Winding Tester

Memorandum on Impulse Winding Tester Memorandum on Impulse Winding Teser. Esimaion of Inducance by Impulse Response When he volage response is observed afer connecing an elecric charge sored up in he capaciy C o he coil L (including he inside

More information

A 10 MHz GaNFET Based Isolated High Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Design and Magnetics Investigation

A 10 MHz GaNFET Based Isolated High Step-Down DC-DC Converter: Design and Magnetics Investigation Downloaded fom obi.du.dk on: Ap 7, 219 A 1 MHz GaNFET Based Isolaed High Sep-Down DC-DC Convee: Design and Magneics Invesigaion Thummala, Pasanh; Yelavehi, Doai Babu; Zane, Regan Andew; Ouyang, Ziwei;

More information

OTA MEASUREMENTS OF SMALL RADIO TERMINALS BY A SPHEROIDAL COUPLER

OTA MEASUREMENTS OF SMALL RADIO TERMINALS BY A SPHEROIDAL COUPLER EUROPEAN COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH EURO-COST SOURCE: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan COST1 TD(1)16 Bologna, Italy 1/Nov/3-5 OTA MEASUREMENTS OF SMALL RADIO TERMINALS

More information

Electrical characterization of thin film ferroelectric capacitors

Electrical characterization of thin film ferroelectric capacitors 1 Electical chaacteization of thin film feoelectic capacitos M. P. J. Tiggelman, K. Reimann, M. Klee, D. Beelen, W. Keu, J. Schmitz, and R. J. E. Hueting Abstact Tunable capacitos can be used to facilitate

More information

A New Method of VHF Antenna Gain Measurement Based on the Two-ray Interference Loss

A New Method of VHF Antenna Gain Measurement Based on the Two-ray Interference Loss 7 nd Intenational Confeence on Atificial Intelligence and Engineeing Applications (AIEA 7) ISBN: 978--6595-485- A New Method of VH Antenna Gain Measuement Based on the Two-ay Intefeence Loss ZHIEI YANG,

More information

Localization Algorithm for a mobile robot using igs

Localization Algorithm for a mobile robot using igs Poceedings of the 17th Wold Congess The Intenational Fedeation of Automatic Contol Seoul, Koea, July 6-11, 008 Localization Algoithm fo a mobile obot using igs DaeGeun Seo *, JangMyung Lee** * Electical

More information

Solution of ECE 342 Test 2 S12

Solution of ECE 342 Test 2 S12 Soluion of ECE 342 Tes 2 S2. All quesions regarding superheerodyne receivers refer o his diagram. x c () Anenna B T < B RF < 2 f B = B T Oher Signals f c Mixer f Baseband x RFi RF () x RFo () () () x i

More information

Motion-blurred star image acquisition and restoration method based on the separable kernel Honglin Yuana, Fan Lib and Tao Yuc

Motion-blurred star image acquisition and restoration method based on the separable kernel Honglin Yuana, Fan Lib and Tao Yuc 5h Inernaional Conference on Advanced Maerials and Compuer Science (ICAMCS 206) Moion-blurred sar image acquisiion and resoraion mehod based on he separable kernel Honglin Yuana, Fan Lib and Tao Yuc Beihang

More information

MATLAB/SIMULINK TECHNOLOGY OF THE SYGNAL MODULATION

MATLAB/SIMULINK TECHNOLOGY OF THE SYGNAL MODULATION J Modern Technology & Engineering Vol2, No1, 217, pp76-81 MATLAB/SIMULINK TECHNOLOGY OF THE SYGNAL MODULATION GA Rusamov 1*, RJ Gasimov 1, VG Farhadov 1 1 Azerbaijan Technical Universiy, Baku, Azerbaijan

More information

Transmit Beamforming with Reduced Feedback Information in OFDM Based Wireless Systems

Transmit Beamforming with Reduced Feedback Information in OFDM Based Wireless Systems Transmi Beamforming wih educed Feedback Informaion in OFDM Based Wireless Sysems Seung-Hyeon Yang, Jae-Yun Ko, and Yong-Hwan Lee School of Elecrical Engineering and INMC, Seoul Naional Universiy Kwanak

More information