The COMWIN Antenna Project. Dr. Richard C. Adams SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego (619)

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1 The COMWIN Antenna Project Dr. Richard C. Adams SPAWAR Systems Center, San Diego (619)

2 Outline of Talk Purpose of Project Goals Approach Navy Needs Achievements/Measurements HF Antenna Vest Antenna Helmet Antenna RADHAZ Work for Rest of FY01 Relationship to Other Projects Transition Efforts

3 Background for the Need of a New Antenna Snipers Disrupt Command, Communications, and Control Anecdotes from Vietnam War Visual Signature from Antennas Tactics of Radio Operators Radio Operators and Nearby Officers at Risk Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) Provides New Challenges Transmission or Reception at Any Frequency Between 2 MHz and 2 GHz Antennas Usually Narrow band and Tailored to Radio

4 Goals and Requirements Requirements for Standard Antennas Vertical Polarization for Standing Soldier Omni-directional in Horizontal Plane No Nulls in Pattern Up to 60 degree Elevation JTRS Compliant Safe to Use Goals Reduction of Visual Signature VSWR 3:1 for Usable Frequency Range Simple (i.e. no complex electronics)

5 Approach Combine Innovation of Academia with Practical Engineering of Navy Laboratory Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Professors Lebaric and Adler of Electrical Engineering Dept. Thinking Outside the Box Guidance to Students Literature Research Modeling SPAWAR Systems Center (SSC) Experience in Antenna Design Ability to Fabricate Almost Anything at Model Shop Testing at Model and Pattern Ranges

6 Navy Needs Marines Most Likely to be Shock Troops Small Unit Operations Close Connection with Ships Marines Usually Adapt Other Service s Equipment Army Much Bigger Customer Small Marine Budget for R&D Ultra-Broadband Antenna Needed for Man-carried JTRS

7 COMWIN Solution COMbat Wear INtegration Integrate Antenna into Uniform Ensure Broadband Performance Keep the Design Simple Multiple Antennas No One Antenna is Sufficiently Broadband Develop Common Theme Reduce Visual Signature Real Estate Available Vest (30 to 500 MHz) Helmet (500 to 2000 MHz) Trousers and Ground (2 to 30 MHz) Key Trick to Improve Bandwidth

8 Advancement of the State of the Art Antenna Integrated into Clothing Lightweight Breathable RADHAZ Issues Mitigated from Beginning Faraday Cage Fringe Effects at Feed Extremely Broadband 30 to 500 MHz Better than Any Compact Antenna 500 to 2000 MHz Better than Most 2 to 30 MHz Excellent

9 Photographs of COMWIN System Helmet Feed HF Feed Vest Feed Stripes down Pants Coupling to Ground through shoes

10 The Mark III Vest Antenna Impose Symmetry on Design Up-Down Right Left Modify to Improve Impedance Suspenders to improve match MHz Feed Region with switch to be replaced with diplexer

11 Achievements to Date Developed and Tested Three Antenna System HF Antenna VSWR 2:1 for 5 to 30 MHz Gain Comparable to 35 Foot Whip at 28 MHz Receives WWV at 5, 10, 15, and 20 MHz Vest Antenna VSWR 3:1 37 to 350 MHz Gain Better than 0 dbi for Many Frequencies Vertically Polarized Patterns for Most Frequencies Helmet Antenna VSWR 3:1 400 to 1700 MHz Tested Vest Antenna for RADHAZ E-fields Meet IEEE Standards Thin Layer Near Feed Exceeds Whole Body Standard Whole Body Standard for 5 W Input Met Null Effect of Heating Jell with 50 W Input

12 Work to be Done Test Antennas Operationally Use PRC-148 Hand-held Radios Measure Range versus Frequency, Environment, Conditions Expand RADHAZ Experiments Test Heating at 50, 150, 250, 350 MHz Verify with FDTD Code Integrate Three Antennas into One System Use Commercial Multiplexer Technology Remove Operator-Input for Choice of Antenna

13 Relation to Other Work DARPA and CECOM Funded SUO/SAS BAE Systems (Marconi, Hazeltine)/Atlantic Aerospace/Titan Merenda Loops-Simple Antenna, Complex Electronics GloMo Electrically Small, Reconfigurable Antennas University of Texas ONR Funded Urban Warrior NRL/Marine Corps Warfighting Lab Networking and Connectivity Porrazzo Antenna for USMC/Navy SEALS Camp Pendleton Small Rectangular Antenna with Multiple Planar Elements

14 Why Now? JTRS is a Requirement with an ORD 2 MHz to 2 GHz for Transmission or Reception Open Architecture POM in 04 Hand-held POM in 06 Legacy Antennas Have Great Drawbacks Too Narrowband for JTRS Radio Operator Identified New Technologies Are Coming Together to Force Broadband Systems for Connectivity Devices for Instantaneous Voice, Video, and Data

15 Transition Possible Transition Sponsors/Programs MARCORSYSCOM Directorates C4ISR/JTRS CBG/Integrated Infantry Combat System Warfighting Lab for Evaluation POM 06 Best Opportunity Associated with Hand-held JTRS Related to POM04 for Vehicular Systems Efforts to Find Transition Sponsor Ongoing Police FBI Special Operations

16 Backup Slides with Data

17 Comparison of HF Results for Different Surfaces 2 VS WR of COMWIN HF Antenna VS WR COMWIN On Sidewalk with Transformer COMWIN on Ground Plane with Transformer Freque ncy (MHz)

18 Measured Gain of HF Antenna 10 Gain of COMWIN HF Antenna Compared to 35 Foot Whip 0-10 Gain (db) Raw Data Average Over 13 Frequencies Frequency (MHz)

19 VSWR versus Frequency Vest Antenna 5 VS WR vs Fre que ncy, Ve s t Ante nna -Low,High Ba nds VS WR After Modification, Pct VSWR< % Before Modification, Pct VSWR< % Frequency (MHz)

20 Boresight Gain of Mark III Vest 5 C o mp a ris o n Ve rtica l a nd Ho rizo ntal Ga in, Ma rk III Ves t Ve rtica l P ola riza tion Horizonta l P ola riza tion 0 Gain (dbi) Frequency (MHz)

21 VSWR for Helmet Antenna 5 VS WR of He lme t Ante nna Ve rus Fre que ncy VS WR Matching Circuit and S horting S traps Percentage of Points VSWR < 3 is % Frequency (MHz)

22 Gain of Mark III Helmet Antenna 5 0 Bo re s ig ht Ga in o f Ma rk III Helme t Ve rsus F re q ue ncy Ve rtica l Ga in Horizonta l Ga in Gain (dbi) Frequency (MHz)

23 RADHAZ Results Mark III Vest Ele ctric Fie ld (V/m) Electric Fields Measured in the Mark III Vest S ca led to 5 W P oint C-Fe e d P oint D-Bottom of Ve st Point E-Top of Vest Point Y-Between Feed and Top IE E E MP E Fre quency (MHz) 5 W is Max. Power for PRC-148 MPE is Max. Permissible Exposure for Whole Body Spot Heating Allows Factor of 4 Higher in Field Whole Body E-field Factor of 2 Better

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