Intro to: Scanning Long Island

Transcription

1 Intro to: Scanning Long Island Download these slides at: Phil Lichtenberger w2lie

2 Topics Conventional Scanning Trunked Scanning PL / DPL / NAC Digital Modes (P25 / Mototrbo) Rebanding Useful Equipment for Long Island Scanning

3 Advanced Forum Topics How to get more from your scanner with a PC Software based trunk decoding Unitrunker / Pro96Com / Trunk88 Conventional Logging Freescan / ProScan / BuTel Software Digital Modulation Decoding DSD Decoder / DSM Decoder Monitoring MotoTRBO / NXDN / DMR / P25

4 Conventional Scanning

5 Conventional Scanning Simplex Single Frequency Ex. Fireground Operations Tx / Rx = A Tx / Rx = A

6 Conventional Scanning Repeater Separate Input & Output Frequency Ex. Dispatch System Tx = A Rx = B Tx = A Rx = B

7 Conventional Scanning Duplex Two Frequencies, used in RX/TX & TX/RX Ex. New York State Police Tx = A Rx = A Rx = B Tx = B

8 Conventional Scanning Tone Control PL / CTCSS (Motorola Private Line) Sub Audible signals transmitted with analog signals carrying voice transmission Receivers only open squelch for radios transmitting the correct PL tone Allows agencies to share the same frequency, but not hear each other (unless they also share the same PL)

9 Conventional Scanning Tone Control DPL / DCS (Digital Private Line) Digital coded Squelch signals transmitted with analog signals carrying voice transmission Receivers only open squelch for radios transmitting the correct DPL tone Allows agencies to share the same frequency, but not hear each other (unless they also share the same DPL)

10 PL Tones The following chart showing each PL tone's two-character alphanumeric designator and the corresponding tone frequency in Hertz. Code Tone Freq. Code Tone Freq. Code Tone Freq. XZ B A WZ Z B XA A Z WA B A XB Z M WB A Z YZ B M YA Z M YB A M ZZ B Z ZA Z M ZB A M Z B M A Z Z

11 DPL Tones

12 Digital Scanning APCO-25

13 Digital Scanning APCO-25 / Project 25 Project 25 (P25) is a set of standards produced through the joint efforts of the Association of Public Safety Communications Officials International (APCO), the National Association of State Telecommunications Directors (NASTD), selected Federal Agencies and the National Communications System (NCS), and standardized under the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)... The P25 suite of standards involves digital Land Mobile Radio (LMR) services for local, state/provincial and national (federal) public safety organizations and agencies... Source: Daniels' P25 Radio System Training Guide

14 Digital Scanning APCO-25 / Project 25 Source: Daniels' P25 Radio System Training Guide

15 Digital Scanning NAC Codes Network Access Code, the P25 equivalent of PL or DPL. 12 bit code that prefixes every voice or data packet sent 3 digit hexadecimal number (12 bits) 4096 possible NAC's for programming Source: Wikipedia -

16 Digital Scanning Special NAC Codes 0x293 ($293) - the default NAC 0xf7e ($F7E) - a receiver set for this NAC will unsquelch on any NAC received 0xf7f ($F7F) - a repeater receiver set for this NAC will allow all incoming signals and the repeater transmitter will retransmit the received NAC. Source: Wikipedia -

17 Trunking EDACS / LTR / Motorola

18 Trunking Overview Multiple Users share pooled Frequencies User Groups (Talk Groups) are assigned a Frequency / channel to use. More effective use of resources compared to conventional systems. Systems can be linked into networks.

19 Trunking Overview All radios on the system listen to the Control Channel for information A user keys their radio, and requests a voice channel Radio automatically drops back to receive mode to hear directions over the control channel. (User does not need to un-key the radio) Trunk system directs the user to requesting a voice channel to move to an empty channel All Users of the Group move to the assigned channel to communicate

20 Common Trunk Systems found on Long Island EDACS Motorola Type II Project 25 (P25) MotoTRBO Capacity Plus / Connect Plus LTR Standard

21 Trunking Overview Suffolk County Motorola System monitored using UniTrunker and a BC15XT Click to play video

22 EDACS Trunk System (Enhanced Digital Access Communications System) EDACS Standard / Wide 9600 baud Control channel 25 khz Wide EDACS Narrow 4800 baud control channel 12.5 khz Wide EDACS SCAT Single Channel Autonomous Trunking Operate on one frequency and alternate between CC and Voice EDACS Networked Allows multiple sites to be networked together creating a System May be configured as Standard or Narrowband

23 EDACS Trunk System (Enhanced Digital Access Communications System) Frequencies must be programmed in Logical Channel Number (LCN) System can have up to 24 LCNs Systems allow over 16,000 users to be defined on the system Group Hierarchy Agencies Fleets Subfleets Talkgroups are programmed into scanners in AFS Format Ex

24 EDACS Trunk System (Enhanced Digital Access Communications System) Sample EDACS LCN Programming Sample EDACS Talk Group Programming

25 EDACS Trunk System Nassau County Public Safety Nassau OEM Nassau Sheriffs Nassau Firecom / HazMat Nassau DPW Village Governments MTA NUMC County Parks Local EDACS System Port Authority of NY/NJ JFK Airport LGA Airport EWR Airport Bridges & Tunnels

26 Motorola Trunk Systems Scanners may work on programming Control channels and Alternate Control channels only Some older scanners that support CC Only may require a channel plan 800MHz frequencies determined by standard channel numbers May require special programming for UHF systems, splinter, or rebanded systems that do not use the standard channel layouts.

27 Type I Motorola Trunk Systems Types of Motorola Trunk Systems Type II Type IIi Hybrid Type II Smartnet Type II SmartZone Type II SmartZone Omni Link Type II VOC

28 Motorola Trunk Systems Type I systems Type I Radios Tx ID, Fleet Info, Subfleet Info Radios transmits its own affiliation Arranged in Fleet-Subfleet Hierarchy Fleetmaps needed to be used to Track a Type I System Example Talkgroup:

29 Motorola Trunk Systems Type IIi Hybrid Systems that still use Type I radio Include new Type II radios Type I and Type II radios can interop. Type II Smartnet APCO 16 complient Upto 28 Frequencies Up to Radios Up to 4095 talk groups Use Odd Talkgroups Use status bits Type II Smartzone Networked Smartnet systems via Microwave or other linking method Sites may only transmit in the area the radio is affiliated in, and not the entire network Limited to 64 sites Type II Systems Type II Smartzone Omnilink Up to 4 Smarzone systems can be linked at a time. Up to 192 sites can be linked Used for Large coverage areas Motorola Type II VOC Voice On Control Setup Bare bones System Used for coverage gaps Control channel can become Voice Ch.

30 Motorola Trunk Systems Type II Systems Type II Radios only TX radio ID System database knows radio s affiliation No limitations on how many radios can be in a talkgroup. Type I had limitations Talkgroups are divisible by 16

31 Motorola Trunk Systems Talkgroups are normally programmed in Decimal format Status bits may be used for special functions There are 16 status bits that change the TGID Scanner are usually programmed to ignore status bits. Type II Talkgroups Example: SCPD Sheriff on TG 848 transmits an Emergency TG = TG 850 Chart: Radio Reference Database

32 Motorola Trunk System Some Local Motorola Systems Suffolk County (SmartZone) NYC DoITT (UHF SmartZone) Suffolk County & Village PD Corrections Suffolk Medcom DOT County Operations NYPD East Hampton (SmartNet) Fire Departments Police Departments OEM NYC DoITT (800 SmartZone) DEP OEM FDNY City Servcies Westchester (UHF SmartZone) OEM Fire / Police

33 LTR Trunking Logical Trunked Radio Primary use is by private businesses Frequencies stored in scanners in Logical Channel Number System uses Home, GOTO, and FREE channels Talk Groups set in A-HH-GGG format A = Typically 0 or 1 HH = LCN Home Channel GGG = User Group Number

34 LTR Trunking Types of LTR Systems LTR Standard The only current LTR system that can be trunked with today s scanners No Control Channel Control data sent as subaudible data Maximum of 20 channels per system LTR Passport System needs at least 3 frequencies Home channel Roaming channel Used by units who have a home channel on another site Registering Channel Used by roaming units to register on the current site LTR Standard & Passport Hybrid systems that contain Standard and Passport Talk Groups LTR MuliNet APCO-16 compliant LTR-Net Enhanced LTR Standard system

35 LTR Trunking LTR Standard Home Channel Example: Example System has 6 frequencies and 3 Home Channels Home channels are LCN 01, 03, 05 GOTO channels are LCN 06, 07, 10 Talk Group Example: System has several users A user with a Talk Group of would be on Home Channel 03 GOTO and Free Channels System may place on HH 05 if HH03 is busy System may place on LCN 07 is HH03 is busy

36 Digital Trunking APCO-25 / EDACS ProVoice / MA-Com OpenSky MotoTRBO Capacity Plus & Connect Plus

37 EDACS AEGIS Digital Trunking Replaced by ProVoice Can not be scanned by today s scanners ProVoice Supported with Uniden BCx36HP Scanners w/ Upgrade $ MA/COM OpenSky Can not be scanned by today s scanners Motorola APCO-25 (P25) Today s Digital P25 scanners can track this system MotoTRBO Types of Digital Trunking Modes Supported by several newer scanners & software based scanning

38 Digital Scanning APCO-25 / P25 Phase 1 Phase 1 radio systems operate in 12.5 khz analog, digital or mixed mode. Phase 1 radios use Continuous 4 level FM (C4FM) modulation for digital transmissions at 4800 baud and 2 bits per symbol, yielding 9600 bits per second total channel throughput. Receivers designed for the C4FM standard can also demodulate the "Compatible quadrature phase shift keying" (CQPSK) standard, as the parameters of the CQPSK signal were chosen to yield the same signal deviation at symbol time as C4FM while using only 6.25 khz of bandwidth. Vendors are currently shipping Phase 1 P25-compliant systems. These systems involve standardized service and facility specifications, ensuring that any manufacturers' compliant subscriber radio has access to the services described in such specifications. Abilities include backward compatibility and interoperability with other systems, across system boundaries, and regardless of system infrastructure. In addition, the P25 suite of standards provides an open interface to the radio frequency (RF) subsystem to facilitate interlinking of different vendors' systems. Source: Wikipedia -

39 Digital Scanning APCO-25 / P25 Phase 2 To improve spectrum utilization, Phase 2 is currently under development with concurrent work being done on 2-slot TDMA and FDMA (CQPSK) modulation schemes. Phase II will likely use the AMBE+2 vocoder to reduce the needed bitrate so that one channel will only require 4800 bits per second. Significant attention is also paid to interoperability with legacy equipment, interfacing between repeaters and other subsystems, roaming capacity and spectral efficiency/channel reuse. In addition, Phase 2 work involves console interfacing between repeaters and other subsystems, and manmachine interfaces for console operators that would facilitate centralized training, equipment transitions and personnel movement. Source: Wikipedia -

40 Digital Scanning MotoTRBO / DMR (Digital Mobile Radio) Uses TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) to create 2 time slots on each frequency by alternating back and forth between time slots. Created for the commercial user market, but adopted by many public safety agencies. Using talk groups, trunking is possible and very common on TRBO Systems Repeaters can fall back to analog communications supporting PL & DPL Multiple sites may be linked over an IP connection to create a Wide-Area network of repeaters Encryption is possible. Telemetry / Data is possible on each talk group as well Newer digital scanners & software scanning (DSD+)

41 Digital Trunking Systems only use one frequency Radios transmit NAC & Talk Group Conventional P25 only transmits NAC Users must have the same NAC & Talk Group to hear each other No Control Channel P25 Single Channel Trunking

42 Digital Talk Groups & Trunking EDACS Digital Solutions AEGIS Earlier Digital Modulation used over standard EDACS System Not APCO-25 Compliant Will not communicate with ProVoice ProVoice Not APCO-25 Compliant Uses the same IMBE Vocoder as P-25 Will not communicate with ProVoice Both AEGIS and ProVoice are digital talk groups on a standard EDACS system * EDACS ESK is another form of digital that adds a layer of security to the control channel

43 Digital Talk Groups & Trunking Motorola Digital Solutions ASTRO IMBE Uses 3600 baud control channels Digital Talk Groups on a Type II Smartnet or Smartzone system Not P25 compliant Digital and Voice talk groups can exist on the same network Older Digital Radios can receive these digital signals Uniden BC250D Uniden BC785D Current Example: Suffolk County Trunk System Project 25 Uses 9600 baud control channels Systems must only contain digital talk groups Current Example: Nassau County Police s new system

44 Digital Talk Groups & Trunking Motorola Digital Solutions MotoTRBO Connect Plus Multiple site network linked over an IP connection Each site has a dedicated control channel Supports 100 Registered Talk Groups Supports 30 simultaneous calls MotoTRBO Capacity Plus Voice and Data on the same site Up to 15 sites may be linked together Up to 12 voice paths simulcast on 3 sites or less Up to 6 voice paths simulcast on 15 sites No fixed control channel Control channel steps through frequencies as the CC is used for calls

45 Motorola P25 Trunk System Nassau County Public Safety NYC 700 MHz DoITT Nassau Police (Encrypted) Village Police (Encrypted) Fire Marshal MEDCOM Town of Babylon Town Operations Some Local Motorola Systems Radio Testing Metro-25 NY State NYPD Simulcast Suffolk County Future Build (2015? 2016)

46 MotoTRBO Trunk System Capacity Plus Hempstead Public Safety USTA Tennis Center Some Local Motorola Systems Connect Plus One Voice Network Covers 23 county Covers 3 states 55 sites identified in the network User Include: North Shore LIJ Ambulance Services Towing Companies Buff Radio Groups Highway Departments School Districts

47 Rebanding EDACS / Motorola

48 Rebanding A Simplified Background Rebanding is basically shifting the licensees in the 800MHz band around so that they are correctly grouped together. NexTel purchased ESMR frequencies which operated lower than public safety bands. This configuration caused interference in the public safety spectrum SMR & ESMR frequencies were shifted, and the public safety band was relocated down to the old NexTel RF Real-estate. Typical Rebanding frequencies for Public Safety are 15MHz down from their existing location

49 Rebanding After rebanding, Public Safety and Critical Infrastructure will have exclusive use of MHz. ESMR systems (primarily Nextel) will have exclusive use of MHz range, and public safety, business/industrial users, and low-power SMR's will share the MHz spectrum MHz is designated as an "Expansion Band", and MHz is designated as a "Guard Band". No licensees other than ESMR are required to relocate to channels above 860 MHz. Credit: Radio Reference Wiki

50 Rebanding EDACS Systems / LTR systems Most systems will move down 15MHz from their pre-reband configuration Simply entering the new frequencies into the proper LCN will reband the system No further action is required on your scanner since EDACS and LTR rely on Logical Channel Numbering

51 Rebanding Motorola Systems Most systems will move down 15MHz from their pre-reband configuration Custom Frequency band plans will need to be entered into the radio Radios may require firmware upgrades to work Some scanners will only take a reband configuration via software and not from the keypad

52 Rebanding Typical Rebanding Charts UNIDEN REBAND CHART GRE & Radioshack REBAND CHART

53 Rebanding Custom Band Plans Since Motorola systems operate on defined channel numbers instead of LCN, we need to borrow existing channel numbers and remap them to our reband numbers To do this, we need to tell the radio the new base frequency, step size, and the starting channel number for the base frequency which is called an offset.

54 Rebanding Custom Band Plans Pre-Reband systems start at This is Channel 0 (Offset 0) Each channel above 0 is greater by 25kHz The last frequency in the plan is In a reband system, we start at channel MHz and end at MHz MHz is the new channel 440

55 UHF Motorola Systems Custom Band Plans The same principle behind rebanding band plans holds true for UHF Trunk Systems. Scanners need to know the start frequency (Base), End Frequency, Offset, and step to know how to properly trunk the system. Some scanners (Radioshack & GRE) may also need to know the last frequency in the band plan. Examples of UHF Motorola Systems that need this info: Westchester Public Safety NYC DoITT UHF System

56 Advanced Scanning on Long Island Download these slides at: Phil Lichtenberger w2lie

57 Topics How to get more from your scanner with a PC UniTrunker (Trunk Radio Decoder) Discriminator Tap Radio to decode Add Serial Controlled Radio to Monitor Swap Discriminator Tap Radio for Inline Decode Alternative Trunk Analyzers Pro96Com TrunkPCR LTRLogger Conventional Logging (Freescan / ProScan / BuTel) Home Patrol Extreme Features DSD Decoder - Digital Decoder (P25 / Mototrbo)

58 Topics How to get more from your scanner with a PC Software based trunk decoding Unitrunker / Pro96Com / Trunk88 Conventional Logging Freescan / ProScan / BuTel Software Home Patrol Extreme Features Digital Modulation Decoding DSD Decoder / DSM Decoder Monitoring MotoTRBO / NXDN / DMR / P25

59 Conventional Scanning And Radio Programming Software

60 FreeSCAN Software Windows Software Works with limited Uniden Scanners Good for: Programming Scanners Logging Hits (Conventional / Trunk) Recording Activity to audio files Virtual Display of Scanner Remote Control FREE!

61 FreeSCAN Supported Receivers As of January, 2016 the following radios are supported: Uniden SC230, BC246T, UBC3500XLT, BR330T, BCD396T, BC346XT(C), BCD396XT, BCT15X, BCD996XT, BCT15 and BCD996T, BCD996P2

62 FreeSCAN Download link Install in default directory For help and info:

63 FreeSCAN Programming Screen

64 FreeSCAN Virtual Control

65 FreeSCAN Logger

66 FreeSCAN Recorder

67 Windows Software ProScan Software Works with limited Uniden Scanners Good for: Programming Scanners Logging Hits (Conventional / Trunk) Recording Activity to audio files Virtual Display of Scanner Bandscope Audio Feeds Remote Control via 2 nd Computer Can run multiple copies at one time

68 ProScan Supported Receivers As of January, 2017 the following radios are supported in version ProScan 11.0: Uniden BC796D, BC785D, BC780XLT, BC296D, BC250D BCD996T, BCD396T, BCT15, BR330T BCD996XT, BCD396XT, BCT15X, BC346XT(C) BCD996P2, BCD325P2 BCD436HP & BCD536HP Without Database Support

69 ProScan Download link License cost $50 Each license entitles you to activate this product on 2 separate computers. 30 day trial period Install in default directory For help and info:

70 ProScan Programming Screen

71 ProScan Virtual Control

72 ProScan Logger

73 ProScan Bandsweep

74 ProScan CC Data

75 Windows Software BuTel Software Works with almost all Uniden, Radio Shack, & GRE Scanners Good for: Programming Scanners Logging Hits (Conventional / Trunk) Recording Activity to audio files Virtual Display of Scanner Bandscope

76 BuTel Supported Receivers TOO MANY TO LIST Each radio may have specific software version Some radios may share a common software release.

77 BuTel Download link License cost varies on software Each license entitles you to activate this product on 2 separate computers. Limited trial period Install in default directory For help and info:

78 BuTel Programming Screen

79 BuTel Virtual Control

80 BuTel Bandscope e/sixspotsoftware/products/ freescan

81 Software Defined Radios

82 SDR# (SDR Sharp)

83 SDR# (SDR Sharp) Software that will control several different RTL-2832U chipset receivers Free Download Easy tool to setup UniTrunker, DSD+, and other software dependent on cheap receivers.

84 USB TV Dongle Receiver

85 USB TV Dongle Receiver Cheap Needs Driver Modification to work Cheap Several software packages to choose from New versions have TXO to eliminate drift More uses over time Look for RTL-2832U chipset Inexpensive ($10 + shipping on ebay)

86 RTL-2832U Hints Do not use Windows Drivers USB sticks need 5 minutes to warm up Must use software like SDR# to calibrate Adjust center freq and note offset Download Scanner & Frequency Management plug-ins Best HowTo:

87 AirSpy Receiver

88 AirSpy Created by the developers of SDR# Plug and Play Small Up to 10Mhz receive window Support for Bias-T SMA Antenna Connection $199 plus shipping

89 RTL-SDR Applications Basic Appliations SDR# & HDSDR Trunk Radio Decoding / Following Unitrunker Trunk88 Virtual Radar & Plane Plotting ACARS and ADS-B Data Plotting Ship Plotting AIS Data Digital Modulation Decoding DSD / DSD+ (MotoTRBO, P25, NXDN, DSTAR) DMRDecode NOAA Weather Satellite Decoding BIG List:

90 UniTrunker Software Windows Software Decodes the following Trunk Systems: Motorola APCO 16 Motorola APCO 25 EDACS48 and EDACS96 MPT1327 LTR Inline Decoding only

91 Why Use UniTrunker? Analyzes Multiple Types of Trunk Systems Find and log new Talk Groups Log Radio IDs Find active patches See Neighboring Sites See any errors on the system *Allow your old radio to work on a rebanded system

92 Requirements for UniTrunker Windows Computer UniTrunker Software One or more of the following: Discriminator Tapped Scanner & Soundcard In Line Decoding Scanner & Serial Port RTL-2832U Chipset USB (New 2014) Optional Second Serial Controlled Radio Additional Decode Radios

93 UniTrunker Download from Install in default directory For help and info: Google Group: Unitrunker

94 UniTrunker Images shows: 3 Trunk Systems / 4 Transmitter Sites / 1 Voice Following Radio 2011

95 UniTrunker Alternatives PRO96COM Only Analyzes P25 Systems TRUNK88 Only Analyzes Motorola APCO16 Systems TRUNKPCR For Icom PCR-100/1000/1500/2500 LTRLogger Only Analyzes LTR Systems

96 Pro96Com Software Windows Software Only Analyzes P25 systems Designed for Inline Receivers only Only works with with receivers that will decode P25 Trunk Systems

97 Pro96Com Supported Receivers As of January 2015, the following radios are supported: GRE PSR-500 PSR-600 PSR-500C PSR-600C PSR-800 Radio Shack PRO-96 PRO-2096 PRO-106 PRO-197 PRO-651 PRO-652 Uniden BCD396XT BCD996XT Anritsu S412 Monitor Whistler WS1040 WS1065

98 Pro96Com Download from Install in default directory For help and info: Yahoo! Group: Pro96Com

99 Pro96Com Screenshot

100 TRUNK88 Software Windows & DOS Software ONLY Analyzes Motorola APCO16 systems Requires Discriminator Tap or Inline receivers RTL-2832U USB Receiver Will control a 2 nd radio for voice follow No direct connection to Radio Reference Setup can be cumbersome

101 Trunk88 Download from Install in default directory For help and info: Yahoo! Group: Trunk88

102 Pro96Com Screenshot

103 Digital Scanning with an analog radio

104 Digital Speech Decoder Plus Updated to (DSD+) Fast Track version made public 12/25/15 Trunking Protocols supported: MotoTRBO Connect Plus Hytera TIII NextEDGE Digital Modes supported: D-Star (No Audio) NXDN (4800 and 9600) MotoTRBO P25 Phase 1 & 2 (Plus X2-TDMA) ProVoice Includes FMP to tune SDR Devices

105 Digital Scanning Putting it together with DSD Decoder / DSD+

106 Motorola Digital talk groups (APCO-16 & APCO-25) Run UniTrunker / Trunk88 to monitor a trunk system Use a control radio and feed the baseband audio to DSD Decode / DSD+ DSD Decode / DSD+ feeds the converted audio through your computer speakers May require installing a virtual audio cable

107 DSD Plus Stand-Alone

108 DSD Fast Track Public Release DSD Plus now offers early releases to subscribers Cutting edge updates and patches Nicknamed Fast Track Releases will become public after testing Current Public release is Can monitor CC on TRBO Cap + Systems Can monitor VC on TRBO Cap + Systems Requires 2 radios to complete this task 2011

109 DSD Control Channel and Voice Channel Monitoring 2011

110 DSD Control Channel Event Log Window 2011

111 DSD Control Channel & Voice Channel Spectrum Control Channel Activity Monitor 2011

112 DSD Control Channel & Voice Channel Data screens 2011

113 Current Radios The following radios will work on Conventional and Trunk Systems Uniden Whistler Non-Digital Non-Digital BCT15X Digital BCD325P2 BCD996P2 HOMEPATROL-2 BCD436HP BCD536HP None Digital WS1040 WS1065 WS1080 WS1088 WS1095 WS1098 TRX-1 TRX-2 Radioshack Non-Digital None Digital PRO-651 PRO-652 PRO-668

114 Contact Web: Videos will be made and placed online at

115 Resources Long Island Live Scanner Feeds, Forums, and Frequency lists Long Island Frequency Lists. Some lists are outdated Message boards and frequency databases from across the country Daniels P25 Radio Training Guide Wikipedia Project 25 EDACS EDACS White Paper The 800 MHz Transition Administrator

116 Resources Long Island Live Scanner Feeds, Forums, and Frequency lists Long Island Frequency Lists. Some lists are outdated Message boards and frequency databases from across the country Daniels P25 Radio Training Guide Wikipedia Project 25 EDACS EDACS White Paper The 800 MHz Transition Administrator