An FT-ICR detection system for KATRIN

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1 An FT-ICR detection system for KATRIN Marta Ubieto Díaz 1, Klaus Blaum 1, R. Burcu Cakirli 1, Michael Heck 1, Strahinja Lukić, Daniel Rodríguez 3, Lutz Schweikhard 4, Stefan Stahl 5 1 Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany 3 Universidad de Granada, Spain 4 Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität-Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany 5 Stahl-Electronics, Mettenheim, Germany OUTLINE KATRIN(KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino Experiment) Penning trap principles Experimental setup Results

2 KATRIN (KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino Experiment) Movitation of KATRIN: Measurement of the electron neutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0. ev. Sz Nagy et al., Europhys. Lett. 74, 404 (006) Tritium β - decay: 3 3 Q T He (1) ev T 3 HeT e e count rate [a.u.] energy E [kev] Talk of D. Pinegar. Monday session III m > 0 m = E - E 0 [ev] 10-13

3 KATRIN overview transport of β-decay electrons into spectrometer reduction of tritium flow rate into spectrometer tandem spectrometer detector tritium source transport section 70 m Main spectrometer: 4m length. 10m diameter. 00 tons weight.

4 KATRIN Beamline Problem: Ion formation by -electrons... long path to main spectrometer possible ions produced: 3 H +, 3 H +, 3 H 3+, 3 He +, H +, etc. WGTS DPS-F CPS

5 Task Setup of a double Penning trap system in the KATRIN beamline for the investigation of the ion density via online FT-ICR detection DPS-F Top view Monitoring the beamline contaminations. Knowledge of the concentration of each cluster species Determination of the contaminations

6 Penning traps V U 0 B Strong homogeneous magnetic field. Radial confinement Cyclotron motion q m c B z Electrostatic potential. Axial confinement Axial oscillation z

7 Ion motion in Penning traps Magnetron motion (E x B drift) B d U z c c 0 4 Axial motion 0 0 mr qu z Modified cyclotron motion c z c c 4

8 Ion Detection Methods * TOF (Time Of Flight) detection: destructive method ** FT-ICR (Fourier Transform-Ion Cyclotron Resonance) detection method y Pickup-Electrode x Pickup-Electrode I ion current signal t I mass spectrum p Broad-band FT-ICR: A non-destructive detection method that allows repeated measurements on the same trap content over a broad mass range.

9 Ion Detection Possibilities -Segment detection from opposite electrodes: Dipole detection: Difference of two pick-up signals Quadrupole detection: Adding two pick-up signals Excitation Difference Adding Observed signals for discrete frequencies in the FT-ICR sprectrum direct observation of the A( + ) signal. direct observation of the A( c ) = A( ) signal.

10 FT-ICR experiment setup in MPI-K 1) Surface ion source. (5) (6) (3) () (1) ) Room temperature amplifier. 3) Quadrupole lens. 4) Cylindrical Penning trap. (4) 5) MCP detector. 6) Superconducting magnet, 4.7 Tesla.

11 A Cylindrical Penning Trap and a Room Temperature Amplifier at MPI-K 83 mm 310 mm Filters Preamplifier Roomtemperature amplifier

12 Cryoelectronics test Amplification test Voltage noise Voltage noise (nv/sqrt (Hz)) Current noise Frequency (MHz) Amplification around a factor of 6 in the frequency range (1 to 50 MHz) of interest for KATRIN. Current noise (fa/sqrt(hz)) Frequency (MHz)

13 Frequency scan -80 Amplitude (db) Helium (3000 ions) T exc =1.1 ms R =1.6 x Excitation frequency (MHz) Amplitude signal for helium ions. Other ion species also detected. M. Ubieto-Díaz, et al., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 88 (009) 1-5

14 Frequency scan Li + ions Excitation Amplitude V pp Amplitude [V] = Hz T ext =.43 ms = Hz ext - + [Hz] FT-ICR amplitude signal for lithium ions. Other ion species also detected.

15 Detection limit 7 Li + 6 Li Signal-to-Noise Ratio ,000 10, ,000 Number of ions per cycle ,000 10,000 Number of ions per cycle Minimum number of 6 Li + detected ions : ~ 1000 Minimum number of 7 Li + detected ions : ~ 7000 Detection limit for the Faraday cup was reached

16 Coherence of the transient

17 Coherence of the transient 50 T ext = 6.8 ms Cyclotron Amplitude (V) Trigger Delay (ms) Coherent time: 7.9 ms

18 Broad-band FT-ICR N + H O + Amplitude (V) 10 - O + H 3 O Frequency (Hz) Stored Waveform Inverse Fourier Transform (SWIFT)

19 Broad-band FT-ICR ( 7 Li + ) 1500 Amplitude (V) c ( 7 Li + ) + ( 6 Li + ) Frequency (MHz) Burst excitation 4 cycles magnetron. 180,000 cycles cyclotron

20 FT-ICR spectra for 7 Li + in both detection schemes Dipole detection: Quadrupole detection: 50 7 Li Li Amplitude [V] Amplitude [V] c = c = ,83 10,84 10,85 10,86 10,87 10,88 Frequency [MHz] Maximum FT-ICR signal at ,83 10,84 10,85 10,86 10,87 10,88 Frequency [MHz] Maximum FT-ICR signal at c. Different sidebands are also detected. Talk of D. Rodríguez. Thursday session III

21 Trap voltage dependence for 7 Li Frequency (MHz) c - c and Trap Potential (V) V d dc B Thus V 0 when dc c

22 Mass measurement via c and preliminary result Amplitude (V) Amplitude (V).0x x x x x x x x x10-5.0x x x x x x10-6.0x x Li Li c Frequency (MHz) c 7 Li + reference ion 6 Li + ion of interest c, ref m ( mref me ) m c Obtained (PRELIMINARY) mass value: m( 6 Li) = (5) (36) u AME value: u Precision of e

23 Summary Cryogenic tests of the electronics and rest gas analysis Installation of the system into the KATRIN beamline First ion detection into KATRIN with a test ion source (no radioactive) Improvement of the mass measurements using ν c Frequency shift measurements Octupolar cylindrical Penning trap for quadrupole excitation and detection studies.

24 Thanks a lot for your attention! VH-NG-037

25 Faraday cup signal Signal on the Faraday cup [V] I H = 1.90 A I H = 1.85 A I H = 1.80 A I H = 1.75 A I H = 1.65 A I H = 1.50 A For lower currents 6 Li + disappears Time of Flight [µs]

26 6 Li + and 7 Li + detection limit 1,000 S/N for 7 Li + S/N for 6 Li + Signal-to-Noise Ratio , ,000 1,000,000 Total number of ions per cycle

27 Principle of the MAC-E-Filter Magnetic Adiabatic Collimation + Electrostatic Filter (A. Picard et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. 63 (199) 345) Two supercond. solenoids compose magnetic guiding field Electron source (T ) in left solenoid e - in forward direction: magnetically guided adiabatic transformation: = E /B = const. parallel e - beam

28 stable tritium column density KATRIN main components source and transport section spectrometer section electron transport tritium retention reflection of low energy electrons high precision energy analysis of electrons position sensitive electron counter source (WGTS) diff. pumping pre-spectrometer main spectrometer detector e β-decay e e - /s e e - /s e e - /s e - 1 e - /s 3 He 3 He 3 H mbar 1 kv mbar -18,4 kv ~70 m mbar -18,574 kv

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