V IN 2.5V TO 12V OFF. Maxim Integrated Products 1

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1 ; Rev 2; 12/7 12V, Ultra-Low-I Q, Low-Dropout General Description The are ultra-low supply current, low-dropout linear regulators, capable of delivering up to 2mA. They are designed for battery-powered applications where reverse battery protection and long battery life are critical. These regulators low 3.5µA supply current extends battery life in applications with long standby periods. Unlike PNP-based designs, a 2Ω PMOS device maintains ultralow supply current throughout the entire operating range and in dropout. The parts are internally protected from output short circuits, reverse battery connection, and thermal overload. An internal power-ok (POK) comparator indicates when the output is out of regulation. The MAX888 output is adjustable from 1.25V to 5V using an external resistor-divider. The MAX8881 provides only factory-preset output voltages of 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V, or 5V (see Ordering Information). The devices are available in 6-pin SOT23 and 6-pin TDFN packages. Applications Smoke Detectors Battery-Powered Alarms Remote Transmitters Smart Battery Packs PDAs Handy Terminals CMOS Backup Power Real-Time Clocks Pin Configurations Features 3.5µA Supply Current at 12V Reverse Battery Protection 2.5V to 12V Input Voltage Range ±1.5% Output Voltage Accuracy 2mA max Output Current 2Ω PMOS Output Device Short-Circuit and Thermal Overload Protection POK Output for Out-of-Regulation Indicator Fixed 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V, and 5V (MAX8881) Adjustable from 1.25V to 5V (MAX888) Tiny 6-Pin SOT23 Package Thin 6-Pin TDFN Package Typical Operating Circuit TOP VIEW IN 1 6 POK POK SHDN IN V IN 2.5V TO 12V 1μF IN OUT FB V OUT 1.25V TO 5V UP TO 2mA 4.7μF GND 2 MAX888 MAX SHDN MAX888 MAX8881 OUT 3 4 SOT23-6 FB FB GND OUT TDFN 3mm x 3mm OFF ON SHDN GND POK REGULATION OK Ordering Information PART OUTPUT TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE TOP MARK MAX888EUT-T Adjustable -4 C to +85 C 6 SOT23-6 AAHR MAX888ETT-T Adjustable -4 C to +85 C 6 TDFN AGS MAX8881EUT18-T 1.8V -4 C to +85 C 6 SOT23-6 AAHS MAX8881EUT25-T 2.5V -4 C to +85 C 6 SOT23-6 AAHT MAX8881EUT33-T 3.3V -4 C to +85 C 6 SOT23-6 AAHU MAX8881EUT5-T 5.V -4 C to +85 C 6 SOT23-6 AAHV Maxim Integrated Products 1 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at , or visit Maxim's website at

2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS IN to GND...-14V to +14V SHDN to GND...-.3V to (V IN +.3V), -.3V to +.3V when V IN < V OUT, FB to GND...-.3V to +6V when V IN > 5.7V, -.3V to (V IN +.3V) when V V IN 5.7V, -.3V to +.3V when V IN < V POK to GND...-.3V to +14V Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OUT Continuous Current...2mA OUT Short Circuit...Indefinite Continuous Power Dissipation (T A = +7 C) 6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/ C above +7 C)...696mW 6-Pin TDFN (derate 24.4mW/ C above +7 C) mW Operating Temperature Range...-4 C to +85 C Junction Temperature C Storage Temperature C to +165 C Lead Temperature (soldering, 1s)...+3 C (V IN = V OUT + 1V, SHDN = IN, C OUT = 4.7µF, T A = -4 C to +85 C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25 C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Input Voltage Range V IN V Supply Current I IN V IN = 12V μa Shutdown Supply Current I IN(SHDN) V SHDN =, V IN = 12V, V OUT =, T A = +25 C μa Input Undervoltage Lockout V UVLO V FB Voltage, Adjustable Mode OUT Voltage Accuracy (Note 2) V FB MAX888, I OUT = 2mA MAX8881, I OUT = 2mA T A = +25 C T A = C to +85 C T A = -4 C to +85 C T A = +25 C T A = C to +85 C -2 2 T A = -4 C to +85 C -3 3 OUT Voltage Range V OUT MAX V OUT Line Regulation V IN = V OUT + 1V to 12V.1.5 %/V OUT Load Regulation (Note 3) I OUT = 1μA to 1mA.6.15 %/ma Current Limit (Note 3) I OUT 2 4 ma Dropout Voltage (Notes 3, 4) ΔV DO I OUT = 5mA 1 2 mv IN Reverse Leakage Current I IN(REV) V IN = -12V, V SHDN = 1 ma Foldback Current Limit I OUT(SC) V IN = 5V, V OUT = 25 ma SHDN Input Threshold V IH 2 V IN = 2.5V to 12V V IL SHDN Input Bias Current V SHDN = to 12V, T A = +25 C -1 1 na FB Input Bias Current I FB FB = 1.25V, T A = +25 C, MAX888 only 2 2 na POK Trip Threshold Falling.5 T A = +25 C T A = -4 C to +85 C Hysteresis 1.5 POK Off-Current I POK V POK = 12V, T A = +25 C 1 na POK Low Voltage V POK I POK = 1mA 5 2 mv V % V % of V OUT 2

3 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (V IN = V OUT + 1V, SHDN = IN, C OUT = 4.7µF, T A = -4 C to +85 C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25 C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Thermal Shutdown Threshold T TSD (Hysteresis = 15 C) 16 C OUT Noise V OUT(NOISE) f = 1Hz to 1kHz, I OUT = 1mA 3 μv RMS Note 1: All devices are 1% production tested at T A = +25 C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Output accuracy with respect to nominal preset voltages. FB = OUT. Note 3: This specification is valid for V IN > 3V. Note 4: The dropout voltage is defined as V IN - V OUT, when V OUT is 1mV below the value of V OUT for V IN = V OUT + 1V. Typical Operating Characteristics (V IN = 5V, V OUT = 3.3V, I OUT = 3mA, C OUT = 4.7µF, T A = +25 C, unless otherwise noted. See Figure 1.) SUPPLY CURRENT (µa) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE I OUT = 3 ma NO LOAD MAX888/1-1 SUPPLY CURRENT (µa) V OUT = 1.8V SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX888/1-2 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mv) DROPOUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT T A = +85 C T A = +25 C MAX888/ T A = -4 C INPUT VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE ( C) LOAD CURRENT (ma) 7 6 POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY MAX888/1-4 1 OUTPUT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY vs. FREQUENCY MAX186-14A 4 35 OUTPUT NOISE vs. LOAD CURRENT C OUT = 1.μF MAX888/1-6 PSRR (db) NOISE (µv/ Hz) 1.1 OUTPUT NOISE (μvrms) C OUT = 4.7μF k 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) k 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 1k 5 V OUT = 1.8V LOAD CURRENT (ma) 3

4 12V, Ultra-Low-I Q, Low-Dropout Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (V IN = 5V, V OUT = 3.3V, I OUT = 3mA, C OUT = 4.7µF, T A = +25 C, unless otherwise noted. See Figure 1.) OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR (%) CHANGE FROM NOMINALOUTPUT VOLTAGE (%) OUTPUT VOLTAGE ERROR vs. LOAD CURRENT LOAD CURRENT (ma) CHANGE FROM NOMINAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE ( C) LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE MAX888/1-13 MAX888/1-7 MAX888/1-1 SUPPLY CURRENT (μa) COUT ESR (Ω) SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOAD CURRENT LOAD CURRENT (ma) REGION OF STABLE C OUT ESR vs. OUTPUT CURRENT C OUT = 1µF STABLE REGION C OUT = 4.7µF OUTPUT CURRENT (ma) LOAD-TRANSIENT RESPONSE NEAR DROPOUT MAX888/1-14 MAX888/1-8 MAX888/1-11 OUTPUT VOTLAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE INPUT VOLTAGE (V) LINE-TRANSIENT RESPONSE 2µs/div C H1 = V IN, 5mV/div, AC COUPLED C H2 = V OUT, 2mV/div, AC COUPLED V OUT = 5V, I OUT = 5mA TURN-ON RESPONSE MAX888/1-12 MAX888/1-15 MAX888/ V 9V 32.5mA 32.5mA 4V 1.25mA 1.25mA 1.8V 4µs/div C H1 = I OUT, 12.5mA/div C H2 = V OUT, 1mV/div, AC COUPLED V OUT(NOMINAL) = 5V, V IN = 9V 4µs/div C H1 = I OUT, 12.5mA/div C H2 = V OUT, 1mV/div, AC COUPLED V IN = 5.2V, V OUT(NOMINAL) = 5V C H1 = SHDN, 2V/div C H2 = V OUT, 1V/div V IN = 4.V 1µs/div 4

5 MAX888_ (SOT) PIN MAX888_ (TDFN) NAME FUNCTION 1 4 IN Input Voltage. Bypass with a 1µF capacitor to GND. 2 2 GND Ground 3 3 OUT 4 1 FB 5 5 SHDN 6 6 POK Pin Description Output Voltage. Bypass with a 4.7µF capacitor (<.5Ω ESR) to GND for load currents up to 2mA. For load currents up to 4mA, 1µF is acceptable. Feedback Set Point, 1.25V (MAX888 only). Output sense, connect to OUT externally (MAX8881 only). ON/OFF Control. Regulator is ON when V SHDN > 2V. If unused, connect to IN. If reverse battery protection of the SHDN input is desired, connect a 1kΩ resistor in series with SHDN. POK Output, Open Drain. Low when OUT is out of regulation or in shutdown. Connect POK to OUT through a high-value resistor for a simple error EP Exposed paddle (TDFN only). Connect to the circuit ground plane. Detailed Description The are low-dropout, low-quiescent current linear regulators designed primarily for battery-powered applications (Figure 1). The MAX888 provides an adjustable output voltage from 1.25V to 5V using an external resistor-divider. The MAX8881 is available in factory preset output voltages of 1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V, and 5V. Both devices have a +1.25V reference, error amplifier, MOSFET driver, and P-channel pass transistor (Figure 2). Low-Dropout Regulator The 1.25V reference is connected to the error amplifier s inverting input. The error amplifier compares this reference with the selected feedback voltage and amplifies the difference. The MOSFET driver reads the error signal and applies the appropriate drive to the P- channel pass transistor. If the feedback voltage is lower than the reference voltage, the pass-transistor gate is V IN 2.5V TO 12V C1 1μF *OPTIONAL R2* 1k IN SHDN MAX8881 GND Figure 1. Standard Application Circuit OUT FB POK VOUT C2 4.7μF REGULATION OK pulled lower, allowing more current to pass, increasing the output voltage. If the feedback voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the pass-transistor gate is driven higher, allowing less current to pass to the output. The output voltage is fed back through either an internal resistor voltage divider by externally connecting FB to OUT (MAX8881), or an external resistor network connected to FB (MAX888). Additional blocks include an output current limiter, reverse battery protection, a thermal sensor, shutdown logic, and a POK comparator to indicate when the output is out of regulation (Figure 2). Internal P-Channel Pass Transistor The feature a 2Ω P-channel MOS- FET pass transistor. This provides advantages over similar designs using PNP pass transistors, including longer battery life. The P-channel MOSFET requires no base drive, which reduces quiescent current considerably. PNP-based regulators waste considerable current in dropout when the pass transistor saturates. They also use high base-drive currents under large loads. The do not suffer from these problems and consume only 3.5µA of supply current (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Dropout Voltage A regulator s minimum input-output differential (or dropout voltage) determines the lowest usable supply voltage. In battery-powered systems, this determines the useful end-of-life battery voltage. Because the use a P-channel MOSFET pass transistor, their dropout voltage is RDS(ON) (2Ω) multiplied by the load current (see Electrical Characteristics). 5

6 IN SHDN GND REVERSE BATTERY PROTECTION MAX8881 SHUTDOWN LOGIC THERMAL SENSOR 1.25V REF 91% REF ERROR AMP POK MOS DRIVER WITH I LIMIT P OUT FB POK Figure 2. Functional Diagram V IN 2.5V TO 12V C1 1μF IN SHDN MAX888 GND OUT Reverse Battery Protection The have a unique protection scheme that limits the reverse supply current to less than 1mA when VIN is forced below ground. The circuit monitors the polarity of IN, disconnecting the internal circuitry and parasitic diodes when the battery is reversed. This feature prevents the device from electrical stress and damage when the battery is connected backwards. If reverse battery protection is needed, drive SHDN through a 1kΩ resistor. FB POK C2 4.7μF REGULATION OK VOUT 1.25V TO 5.5V UP TO 2mA Figure 3. Adjustable Output Using External Feedback Resistors R3 R4 Current Limiting The include a current limiter. When the output is shorted to ground, drive to the output PMOS is limited. The output can be shorted to ground without damage to the part. Thermal Overload Protection Thermal overload protection limits total power dissipation in the. When the internal junction temperature exceeds TJ = +16 C, the thermal sensor signals the shutdown logic, turning off the pass transistor and allowing the IC to cool. The thermal sensor turns the pass transistor on again after the IC s junction temperature cools by 15 C, resulting in a pulsed output during continuous thermal-overload conditions. Thermal-overload protection is designed to protect the in the event of fault conditions. For continuous operation, do not exceed the absolute maximum junction temperature rating of TJ(MAX) = +15 C. Operating Region and Power Dissipation The s maximum power dissipation depends on the thermal resistance of the case and circuit board, the temperature difference between the die junction and ambient air, and the rate of airflow. The power dissipation in the device is P = IOUT (VIN - VOUT). The maximum power dissipation allowed is: 6

7 PMAX = ( TJ( MAX) TA) ( θjc + θca) where TJ(MAX) = +15 C, T A is the ambient temperature, θjc is the thermal resistance from the junction to the case, and θ CA is the thermal resistance from the case through the PC board, copper traces, and other materials to the surrounding air. POK Output The open-drain POK output is useful as a simple error flag, as well as a delayed reset output. POK sinks current when the output voltage is 1% below the regulation point. Connect POK to OUT through a high-value resistor for a simple error flag indicator. Connect a capacitor in parallel with the resistor to produce a delayed POK signal (delay set by the RC time constant). POK is low during out of regulation or in shutdown and is high impedance during normal operation. Applications Information Capacitor Selection and Regulator Stability The are designed to be stable with an output filter capacitor as low as 1µF and an ESR as high as 1Ω. For general purposes, use a 1µF capacitor on the device s input and a 4.7µF capacitor on the output. Larger input capacitor values and lower ESR provide better supply-noise rejection and transient response. Use a higher value input capacitor (1µF may be necessary) if large, fast transients are anticipated and the device is located several inches from the power source. Use large output capacitors to improve loadtransient response, stability, and power-supply rejection. Note that some ceramic dielectric materials (e.g., Z5U and Y5V) exhibit a large temperature coefficient for both capacitance and ESR, and a larger output capacitance may be needed to ensure stability at low temperatures. A 4.7µF output capacitor with X7R or X5R dielectrics should be sufficient for stable operation over the full temperature range, with load currents up to 2mA. For load currents up to 4mA, 1µF is acceptable. A graph of the Region of Stable C out ESR vs. Output Current is shown in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Output Voltage Selection The MAX8881 features a preset output voltage. Internal precision feedback resistors set the MAX8881EUT18 output to 1.8V, the MAX8881EUT25 output to 2.5V, the MAX8881EUT33 output to 3.3V, and the MAX8881EUT5 output to 5V. Connect the MAX8881 s FB to OUT for proper operation. The MAX888 features an adjustable output voltage from 1.25V to 5.5V, using two external resistors connected as a voltage-divider to FB (Figure 3). The output voltage is set by the following equation: VOUT = VFB 1 + where typically V FB = 1.257V. Choose R4 = 1.2MΩ to optimize quiescent current, accuracy, and high-frequency power-supply rejection. To simplify resistor selection: R R V OUT 3 = 4 1 V FB The total current through the external resistive feedback and load resistors should be greater than 1µA. Since the V FB tolerance is typically less than ±1.5%, the output can be set using fixed resistors instead of trim pots. Power-Supply Rejection and Operation from Sources Other than Batteries The are designed to deliver lowdropout voltages and low quiescent currents in batterypowered systems. Power-supply rejection is -66dB at low frequencies and rolls off with frequencies above 1Hz. At high frequencies, the output capacitor is the major contributor to the rejection of power-supply noise (see Power-Supply Rejection Ratio vs. Frequency in the Typical Operating Characteristics). When operating from sources other than batteries, improve supply-noise rejection and transient response by increasing the value of the input and output capacitors and by using passive filtering techniques. The load-transient response graphs (see Typical Operating Characteristics) show the output response due to changing load current. Reduce overshoot by increasing the output capacitor s value up to 1µF and by reducing its ESR. TRANSISTOR COUNT: 134 R3 R4 Chip Information 7

8 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to 6LSOT.EPS PACKAGE OUTLINE, SOT 6L BODY I 2 8

9 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to PACKAGE OUTLINE, SOT 6L BODY I 2 9

10 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to 6, 8, &1L, DFN THIN.EPS 1

11 Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information go to COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL MIN. MAX. A.7.8 D E A1..5 L.2.4 k.25 MIN. A2.2 REF. PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE N D2 E2 e JEDEC SPEC b [(N/2)-1] x e T ±.1 2.3±.1.95 BSC MO229 / WEEA.4± REF T ±.1 2.3±.1.65 BSC MO229 / WEEC.3± REF T ±.1 2.3±.1.65 BSC MO229 / WEEC.3± REF T ±.1 2.3±.1.5 BSC MO229 / WEED-3.25±.5 2. REF T133-2 T ±.1 1.7±.1 2.3±.1 T ±.1 2.3±.1 2.3±.1.5 BSC MO229 / WEED-3.25±.5 2. REF.4 BSC ± REF.4 BSC ± REF 11

12 REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 2 12/7 DESCRIPTION Correction to Pin Description, updated Package Information, incorporated style changes Revision History PAGES CHANGED 1, 5, 8 11 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 Maxim Integrated Products, 12 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA Maxim Integrated Products is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

13 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information: Maxim Integrated: MAX8881EUT5+T MAX888ETT+T MAX888EUT+T MAX8881EUT18+T MAX8881EUT25+T MAX8881EUT33+T MAX8881EUT33-T MAX888EUT-T MAX8881EUT18-T MAX8881EUT25-T MAX8881EUT5-T