Technical Implementation Unit (UPT)

Transcription

1 Chapter 10 Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) The presentation of statistical data at Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of Post and Telecommunication consists of presentation of data at the Technical Implementation Units available at Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication with different technical functions. The three UPT are House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory (BBPPT), House of Rural Telecommunication and Information Technology (BTIP), and UPT of Radio Frequency Spectrum Monitoring consisting of Monitoring House/Shop/Post in the regions that perform monitoring of the use of frequency (there are 35 UPT). House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Lboratory is Technical Implementation Unit in the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication which is under and responsible directly to the Director General of Post and Telecommunication. The role of the House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory in the process of telecommunication tools/equipment Testing is to do the test on radio and non-radio based telecommunication tools/equipment, electromagnetic compatibility of telecommunication tools/equipment, calibration service of telecommunication equipment and tools hiring service. Product or end result of this testing is the proof of testing result (RHU) issued by the House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory. In conducting telecommunication equipment testing, BBPPT refers to Technical Specification Regulation of Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication, Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and International References such as ISO, ETSI, RR, ITU, IEC. House of Rural Telecommunication and information Technology (BTIP) is a house established for fiinancial management of the provision of facilities and infrastructure of rural telecommunication and information technology carried out by the third party. BTIP aims to accelerate equitable provision of rural telecommunication and information technology access and service as a form of service responsibility of the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology. The creation of BTIP was based on the principle of fair and equitable in telecommunication service. The 227

2 principle of fair and equitable meanining that the telecommunication operation provides equal opportunity and treatment to all those who qualify and the results enjoyed by the community in a fair and equitable way. However, along with the increasing performance of tasks and functions of BTIP in providing service access and financial management of telecommunication and information technology, in November 19, 2010 based on the Decree of the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology Number 18/PER/M.KOMINFO/11/2010, the organization and working procedure of BTIP was changed to become House of Provideing and Managing Telecommunication and Information Technology Financing (BP3TI). Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of Radio Frequency Spectrum Monitoring has the task of carrying out supervision and control in the field of radio frequency usage, including the activities of observation, detection of emission sources, monitoring, control, scientific evaluation and testing, measurement, coordination of radio frequency monitoring, preparation of plan and program, provision of spare parts, maintenance and repair of equipment, as well as administrative and housekeeping matters. One important task of UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring is Coordination of radio frequency spectrum monitoring, control and investigating the violations of the use of radio frequency spectrum and public service/complaint on the disturbance of radio frequency spectrum orders Scope The scope of data presentation in this Technical Implementation Unit is divided for each UPT which will be described in this chapter The Scope of BBPPT Data Presentation Data shown in the statistics of telecommunication equipment testing is recapitulation of test results (RHU) and Payment Order Letter (SP2) of the test done. These two instruments are issued by BBPPT as the organizer of equipment testing at Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication. Any tool/equipment that comes into Indonesia must be tested before being used and traded in Indonesia, with testing information consisting of name of applicant, name of tools, brand/type, country of origin, and information of the number and date of RHU. Testing is carried out on any equipment submitted by different applicants of the testing. 228

3 In the first part, the data presented and analyzed are data of test result recapitulation on the testing done to telecommunication equipments by BBPPT. The presentation comprises the number of monthly and annual testing, and the number of equipment tested according to the type group of the equipment and country of origin. In the second part of data presentation is the amount of invoice from testing service mentioned in Payment Order Letter (SP2). Data used originated from data of SP2 handling which provides information of the name of application, name of equipment, brand/type, country of origin, received date, type of equipment, amount of payment and payment date. SP2 data presentation will also be carried out by month, group of equipment and country of origin. In general, the scope of statistical data of this equipment is as follows: 1) Monthly RHU from January - December 2010 by country of origin of equipment 2) Monthly RHU from January - December 2010 by group of types of equipment 3) Monthly SP2 from January - December 2010 by country of origin of equipment 4) Monthly SP2 from January - December 2010 by group of types of equipment The Scope of BTIP Data Presentation Data presented in the statistics of House of Rural Telecommunication and Information Technology comprises data showing the performance of BTIP in dissemination and distribution of telecommuncation and information technology to areas in Indonesia. Indicator of such performance derived from the programs conducted by BTIP in achieving the objective of even distribution, i.e. Ringing Village (Desa Berdering/ Dering) program, Village Using Internet (Desa Pakai Internet/Pinter), and Sub District Internet Service Center (Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan/PLIK). Data presentation consists of: 1) The growth of number of Desa Berdering by province in ) The growth of number of Desa Pinter by province in ) The growth of number of Sub District in PLIK program by province in

4 The Scope of Data Presentation of UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring Presentation of monitoring and violation data performed by UPT of frequency spectrum monitoring is the manifestation of frequency setting by Directorate of Radio Frequency Spectrum Management as regulator. The arrangement and structuring of frequency are made to avoid the interference either between systems or between users in a system. The arrangement and structuring of frequency are also made for the purpose of efficiency of frequency usage so there is no waste in its use. Data shown in the statistics of UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring consists of: 1) Monitoring the control of frequency usage by UPT in 2009 and 2010; 2) Action taken to violation of frequency usage by UPT in 2009 and Concept and Definition Some concepts and definitions contained in the data presentation about UPT of House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory, UPT of House of Rural Telecommunication and Information Technology and UPT that covers UPT of frequency spectrum monitoring, are as follows: Radio Frequency Spectrum is the arrangement of radio frequency band which has frequency less than 3000 GHz as unit of electromagnetic wave vibrations that spread and present in the aerospace (air space and outer space); Testing process is a testing process on telecommunication equipment in Indonesia by BBPPT. This process begins with the submission by the applicant (owner of equipment) complete with the necessary requirements to BBPPT. The application will then be reviewed for the completeness of testing requirement. After having been declared complete, the testing of the tools/equipment is carried out according to the type of equipment and laboratory or testing facilities available at BBPPT. Test Result Recapitulation (RHU) is recapitulation of test results on the equipment tested by UPT of BBPPT and documented as data to be submitted to Directorate of Standardization. Payment Order Letter (SP2) is a letter that instructs the owner of equipment tested at UPT of BBPPT to pay the cost of testing implementation according 230

5 to the rate applied for the type of testing and the function of tools tested. The income from the testing implementation is non tax state income at Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication. Universal Service Obligation (USO) of Telecommunication sector is the service obligation from government in the field of telecommunication in order to support the increase of access and the achievability of people to telecommunication network, particularly telephone. Universal Telecommunication Service Area (WPUT) are areas that become the target of USO program in the field of telecommunication throughout Indonesia. Provinces in Indonesia except DKI Jakarta become target areas of USO policy and program by government which are divided into 11 WPUT with the following divisions: WPUT I : Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra, West Sumatra WPUT II : Riau, Riau Islands, Jambi, Bangka Belitung WPUT III : WPUT IV : South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan WPUT V : East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan WPUT VI : WPUT VII : WPUT VIII : WPUT IX : North Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South East Sulawesi Papua, West Papua Maluku, North Maluku WPUT X : Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara WPUT XI : Banten, West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta Special Territory, East Java UPT of House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory (BBPPT) has the duty to carry out testing on telecommunication equipment that enters into and will be used in the territory of Indonesia. This testing is done to ensure that such equipment is safe and proper to be used in the jurisdiction of Indonesia. Test result of the equipment is summarized in test result recapitulation which is classified according to the brand of equipment, type of equipment, country of origin and the time of testing. 231

6 Test Results Recapitulation In 2010, based on test results recapitulation data, testing has been done on 2280 equipment where the equipment testing is spread within 12 months. Viewed from its distribution, equipment testing in 2010 was mostly done in quarter IV where 30.4% testing took place in quarter IV of Testing was mostly done in July and October, i.e. as many as 252 and 248 testings or 11.1% and 10.9% of total testings performed in The number of equipment testing in 2010 increased by 7.4% of that of the previous year. Table Equipment Test Results Recapitulation according to Country of Origin in 2010 Country Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total China Japan USA Taiwan South Korea Malaysia Indonesia Italy Germany Thailand Canada Mexico France England Others Total If compared to that of the previous year, in average monthly equipment testing in 2010 is in fact higher than the equipment testing done in But, from figure 10.1 it is shown that if compared between semesters, the number of equipment testing in semester I of 2009 is higher than the number of equipment testing in semester I of The increase of equipment testing in 2010 just takes place in semester 2, particularly in the last quarter. In the first two months of semester 2, the number of equipment testing in 2010 is even higher than that in the same period in

7 Figure Comparison of the number of equipment tested monthly in 2009 and Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Distribution of equipment tested displayed in picture 10.2 shows the domination of China which is still strong in the telecommunication equipment that comes into Indonesia and get tested. From total equipment testing done in 2010, 63.8% of telecommunication equipment is from China. This proportion is much bigger than that of the equipment from other countries. The next biggest countries whose equipment entered and tested in Indonesia in 2010 are Japan and USA, but with the proportion of only 4.8% and 4.3%. No other country whose proportion of the number of telecommunication equipment that entered and tested in Indonesia is more than 5%. This shows that the telecommunication equipment from China that comes into Indonesia is very dominant. Even for high-tech equipment, the proportion of telecommunication equipment from China entering Indonesia could be one of the highest than other high-tech equipment. This is allegedly associated with the type of telecommunication equipment tested where mostly are consumer products such as mobile telephone, modem and its supporting equipment. For these types of consumer products, equipment from China really dominates the market. Among telecommunication equipment entering Indonesia and getting tested, there 233

8 is also telecommunication equipment from within the country and from neighbouring countries such as Thailand and Malaysia. But the proportion of telecommunication equipment from within the country and neighbouring countries is still very small than the total equipment tested. Proportion of telecommunication equipment from Malaysia is only 2.5% and from Thailand only 1.2%. Meanwhile, telecommunication equipment from within the country which is tested at the House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory is only 1.9% of the total telecommunication equipment tested in Figure 10.2 Composition of equipment tested according to Country of Origin in 2010 Japan 4.8% Taiwan 4.2% USA 4.3% South Korea 3.1% Malaysia 2.5% Indonesia 1.9% Italy 1.9% Germany 1.6% Thailand 1.2% Others 6.6% Other 10.7% China 63.8% England 1.0% France 1.0% Mexico 1.1% Canada 1.1% Seen from the types of equipment tested, the types of equipment that are consumer products such as mobile telephone, WLAN, and modem become the most widely tested telecommunication equipment in Indonesia in During 2010, there are 981 types of mobile telephone tested at UPT of House of Equipment Testing. Meanwhile, for the type of WLAN (including WLAN with bluetooth and WLAN+router), its number reaches 180, while for modem with various types and additional supporting equipment, the number reaches 142. The large number of equipment in the form of mobile phone that enters and gets tested shows that Indonesia is a very potential 234

9 market for mobile phone due to its large population and consumer behaviours that tend to follow the growing trend, including in using mobile phone devices. With such circumstances, there are many mobile phone deals that go with various kinds and for different segments of consumers. Table Recapitulation of Equipment Testing Results according to Type of Equipments in 2010 Type of Equipment Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Total Mobile Phone WLAN (+Bluotooth, Router) Low Power Modem Antenna Radio (Maritime, Microwave, Modem) Bluetooth Komrad IP Phone Receiver Satellite Faximile Phone Device(Analog, Digital, Satelite) TV (Broadcast, Cable) Repeater Media Gateway Router GPS Intercom Others Total Composition of telecommunication equipment tested according to types of equipment in 2010 as shown in figure 10.3, shows the large proportion for mobile phone. Proportion of types of telecommunication equipment tested in 2010 for mobile phone reaches 43%, much higher than of the other types of telecommunication equipment. For WLAN type with variations and additional equipments, its composition is only 7.9%, while for Low Power type, the proportion is only 7.2%. 235

10 Figure Composition of Equipment Tested according to Types of Equipment in 2010 Modem 6.2% Low Pow er 7.2% WLAN (+Bluotooth, Router) 7.9% Antenna 4.5% Radio (Maritime, Microw ave, Modem) 4.3% Other 13.7% Bluetooth 3.6% Komrad 3.5% Intercom IP Phone 1.1% 2.6% Receiver Satellite 2.0% Faximile 1.4% GPS 1.1% Router 1.1% Others 5.3% Mobile Phone 43.0% Media Gatew ay 1.1% Repeater TV (Broadcast, Phone 1.2% Cable) Device(Analog, 1.4% Digital, Satelite) 1.4% If viewed from distribution according to type of equipment and country of origin, for mobile phones the most widely tested are the telecommunication equipment from China. Telecommunication equipment from China even dominates almost all types of telecommunication equipment tested mostly for consumer product type such as mobile phone, WLAN and phone devices. Only a few types of telecommunication equipment which are not dominated by equipment from China such as Maritime/ microwave Radio, Cable/broadcast TV, Radio Communication (Komrad) and Intercom. For intercom, the biggest proportion of equipment coming in from South Korea. For maritime/microwave radio and Cable/broadcast TV, the equipment that are most-widely tested are from Italy, while for Komrad are equipment from Japan. Almost 90% of mobile phones tested at BBPPT are from China. This proportion confirms the dominance of consumer products types, including those in the field of telecommunication, that are flooding the Indonesian market. The large number of population and consumers that tend to follow the trend making Indonesia a potential market for these products. 236

11 Table Number of equipment tested according to type of equipment and country of origin in 2010 Type of Equipment Canada China France Germany Indonesia Italy Japan South Korea Country of Origin Total Malaysia Mexico Taiwan Thailand England USA Others Mobile Phone WLAN Low Power Modem Antenna Radio maritime/ microwave Bluetooth Komrad IP Phone Receiver Faximile TV Cable/ Broadcast Phone Devices Repeater Router Media Gateway GPS Intercom Others Total

12 Mobile Phone WLAN Low Power Modem Antenna Radio maritime/microwave Bluetooth KomraId IP Phone Receiver Faximile TV Cable/Broadcast honedevices Repeater Router MediaGateway GPS Intercom Others Figure Composition of number of equipment tested according to type of equipment and country of origin in % Others 90% 80% USA England Thailand 70% Taiwan 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 89.4% 57.8% 47.0% 74.6% 39.2% 9.3% 57.8% 24.1% 53.3% 41.3% 39.4% 18.8% 66.7% 42.9% 44.4% 26.9% 37.5% 0.0% 36.1% Mexico Malaysia South Korea Japan Italy Indonesia Germany France China Canada 238

13 Testing Payment Order Letter (SP2) As a continuation process of testing done, the House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory issues payment order letter (SP2) to testing applicant for the cost of testing conducted. Income on this testing payment becomes non tax state revenue for Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication which comes into state treasury. During 2010, 2,437 SP2s have been issued with total payment of Rp Billion. From distribution of payment received, the most widely accepted payments are received in December which reaches Rp Billion. The number of SP2 issued does not always equal to the number of payment received, depending on the type of equipment tested in that month. Although published SP2 mostly issued in August, the greatest value of SP2 payment is in fact in December. In July, although the number of SP2 is not too many, the value of SP2 payment received is considered quite big. The greatest average value of SP2 payment is in April where the average value of payment of each SP issued is Rp million. Meanwhile, the lowest average value is SP2 payment in August, which is Rp 5.9 million per SP2. Table Number and Value of Payment Order Letter (SP2) Handling in 2010 No Month Number of SP2 Value of Payment (Rp) Average Value per SP2 (Rp) 1 January 190 1,171,000,000 6,163,158 2 February ,500,000 6,500,000 3 March 180 1,192,000,000 6,622,222 4 April 189 1,377,500,000 7,288,360 5 May 174 1,115,500,000 6,410,920 6 June 211 1,331,500,000 6,310,427 7 July 236 1,642,500,000 6,959,746 8 August 276 1,652,500,000 5,987,319 9 September ,500,000 6,420, October 214 1,397,500,000 6,530, November 249 1,647,500,000 6,616, December 248 1,677,500,000 6,764,113 Total ,950,000,000 6,544,

14 Fluctuation of income from SP2 between months of the year shows almost similar pattern with the number of SP2 issued. In semester 2, the number and value of SP2 received tends to be high at the beginning and end of semester and low in mid semester. While in semester 1, the number of SP2 is not relatively much different between months although still under the average value of SP2 in semester 2. In total, SP2 income in semester 2 is higher than in semester 1. At the beginning and end of semester 2, income from SP2 reaches an average of more than Rp 1.6 Billion per month as shown in figure Figure Fluctuation of Number and Value of SP2 Handling in Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Numberof SP Value (MillionRp) 1, ,192 1,378 1,116 1,332 1,643 1, ,398 1,648 1,678 When compared according to country of origin of the equipment, the greatest income SP2 derived from equipment from China. In total, value of SP2 payment from equipment coming from China in 2010 reaches Rp Billion or around 68.7% of total value of SP2 payment in When averaged, the value of payment of each SP2 for equipment from China is Rp. 7.5 million. Besides the number of SP2 issued was quite a lot, the high value of SP2 payment for equipment from China is also due to the value of SP2 payment per telecommuniation equipment is high as well. Meanwhile, for equipment from other countries, none has the total value of SP2 240

15 payment that is more than Rp 1 Billion. Total value of SP2 payment for equipment from Taiwan which is the second highest is only Rp. 602 million and the total value of SP2 payment for equipment from Japan is only Rp million. The highest average value of SP2 payment is for equipment from Canada which reaches Rp 9.8 million. Telecommunication equipment from Mexico and France are also quite high, exceeding Rp 8 million per equipment. Table Number and Value of SP2 Handling according to country of origin in 2010 No Country Number of SP2 Payment Value (Rp) Average value per SP2 (Rp) 1 China ,955,000,000 7,534,388 2 Japan ,500,000 4,298,165 3 USA ,500,000 4,647,959 4 Taiwan ,500,000 6,342,105 5 South Korea ,500,000 6,335,714 6 Malaysia ,000,000 4,684,211 7 Indonesia ,500,000 5,897,727 8 Italy ,000,000 9,046,512 9 Germany ,500,000 5,662, Thailand ,500,000 4,910, Canada ,000,000 9,800, Mexico ,500,000 8,520, France ,500,000 8,369, England ,000,000 6,772, Others ,437,086 Total ,950,500,000 6,995,833 If seen from the composition of SP2 issued as presented in figure 10.9., it is shown that the equipment from China did dominate the issuance of equipment SP2. From the total of SP2 issued, around 65% is SP2 for telecommunication equipment from China. Meanwhile, for equipment from Japan, the proportion of SP2 issued is only 5.2% and for equipment from USA only 3.6%. This condition shows the large number of equipment from China that were tested and whose SP2 issued from 241

16 those testings. The proportion of SP2 issued for telecommunication equipment from Indonesia is only a few, i.e. 1.8% of the total SP2 issued. So is for equipment from Malaysia which is only 2.4% and from Thailand which is only 0.9%. Figure 10.6 Composition of SP2 Issuance according to Country of origin in 2010 Japan 5.2% Taiwan 3.7% USA 3.6% South Korea 2.8% Malaysia 2.4% Indonesia 1.8% Italy 2.1% Germany 1.6% China Other 10.3% France 1.4% Hongkong 0.8% 65.0% Canada England 1.3% 0.8% Thailand 0.9% Others 5.5% Mexico 1.0% In line with the testing done where telephone devices in the form of mobile phones are the most widely tested in 2010, the issuance of SP2 on the testing during 2010 and the largest payment value is also for mobile phones. The number of SP2 issued for mobile phone reaches 1,057 letters with total payment value of Rp 8.7 Billion. Type of equipment with the second largest SP2 issued is WLAN with its supporting equipment, with total SP2 as many as 203 and total payment value of Rp 1.15 Billion. If seen from the comparison between the number of SP2 issued for an equipment and the payment value of SP2, it shows that there are some types of equipment with SP2 value per unit which is quite high and on the other hand there are others which are relatively low. For mobile phone type, the average value of payment per SP is quite high which is Rp. 8.2 million. SP2 value is also high on telecommunication equipment type Repeater and Broadcast TV with payment value above Rp 8 million 242

17 per SP2. While for equipment type Low Power, payment value per SP2 issued is low, which is only Rp 2.06 million. Low SP2 value is also for equipment type Bluetooth which is only Rp 2.04 million and for for phone devices whose SP2 payment value is just Rp 3.6 million. If viewed from proportion of total payment value, total payment value of SP2 of this mobile phone reaches 54.6% of total SP2 payment value in This proportion is much higher than the proportion of total SP2 payment value for other equipments. Proportion of total SP2 payment value of WLAN, for instance, is only 7.2% and for Modem only 6.7% of total SP2 payment value in This also shows the rapid flow of mobile phones entering Indonesia and the testings done are sufficient to provide revenue to state treasury through SP2 issued. Table Number and Value of SP2 Handling according to type of equipment in 2010 No Month Number of SP2 Payment Value (Rp) Average Value per SP2 (Rp) 1 Mobile Phone ,709,000,000 8,239,357 2 WLAN* 203 1,153,000,000 5,679,803 3 Low Power* ,000,000 2,067,797 4 Modem* 149 1,072,500,000 7,197,987 5 Antenna ,000,000 6,495,413 6 Modern Maritime Radio, etc ,000,000 5,916,667 7 Bluetooth ,000,000 2,043,011 8 Komrad ,000,000 4,946,237 9 IP Phone* ,500,000 4,662, Receiver Satellite ,000,000 6,232, Phone Devices* ,500,000 3,691, EMC ,500,000 4,086, Media Gateway* ,000,000 6,296, Repeater* ,500,000 8,092, Router* ,500,000 4,759, Broadcast TV ,000,000 8,000, Faximile* ,000,000 4,760, GPS (Bluetooth)* ,000,000 6,045, Others ,000,000 6,551,724 Total 2,437 15,937,000,000 6,539,

18 In line with the total value of SP2 payment, the composition of the number of SP2 issued also shows that proportion of SP2 for mobile phones is the highest compared to other telecommunication equipment. From the total SP2 issued, SP2 proportion for mobile phone reaches 43.3%. While for other telecommunication equipment, none has the proportion that reaches 10%. Proportion of SP2 issued for equipment type WLAN and its variations is only 7.3% and Low Power is also only 7.3% of the total issues.. Meanwhile, for other type of telecommunication equipment which is consumer product such as Modem, the proportion of SP2 issued is also not big, only 6.1%. Figure Composition of SP2 Issuance according to Type of Equipment in 2010 Antenna 4.5% Modem 6.1% Low Power 7.3% Radio Maritime/Microwave /Broadcast/Trunking 4.4% Bluetooth 3.8% Komrad 3.8% IP Phone 1.8% Receiver Satellite 1.8% Phone Devices 1.4% WLAN 8.3% Mobile Phone 43.4% Other 12.3% EMC 1.2% GPS 0.9% Faximile 1.0% Broadcast TV 1.1% Router 1.1% Others 5.9% Media gateway 1.1% Repeater 1.1% 244

19 In line with the dominance of equipment from China in the issuance of SP2 by the House of Telecommunication Equipment Testing Laboratory, this domination also occurs in all types of equipment particularly consumer products type such as mobile phone and Modem. Of the total SP2 issued for mobile phone, around 90% is for SP2 of mobile phone from China. This shows that from the SP2 issuance of test results mobile phones from China is also very dominant among mobile phones from other countries. Even for mobile phones from other countries, the proportion of SP2 issued is no more than 15%. The rapid flow of mobile phones that enter Indonesia and get tested provides quite significant contribution of revenues to PNBP of Post and Telecommunication. Total value of SP2 payment from mobile phones reaches 54.6% of the total SP2 value in SP2 proportion for Modem coming from China also reaches 79.2% of total SP2 issued for Modem, and for phone devices the proportion reaches 67% of total SP2 issued for phone devices. Only for equipment type EMC and Broadcast TV where products from China are not too dominant. The largest proportion for SP2 of Broadcast TV is for equipment from Italy that reaches 53.8%, while for equipment type EMC, the largest SP2 proportion is for equipment from South Korea with proportion reaching 69%. 245

20 Table Number of SP2 Issued according to Type of Equipment and Country of Origin in 2010 Type of Equipment Canada China France Germany Hong kong C o u n t r y o f O r i g i n South Thailand Indonesia Italy Japan Malaysia Mexico Taiwan Korea England USA Others Mobile Phone WLAN Low Power Modem Antenna Radio Bluetooth Komrad IP Phone Receiver Satellite Phone Devices EMC Media Gateway Repeater Router Broadcast TV Faximile GPS Others Total Total 246

21 In average, the number of SP2 issued every month in 2010 is higher than the average of SP2 issued in But if compared by semester, for semester 1, total SP2 issued in 2009 is higher than the number of SP2 issued in semester 1 of The high number of SP2 issued in 2010 mainly took place in semester 2 which in average is also higher than in semester 2 of In semester 2 of 2010, in average there are 237 SP2 issued every month, while in the same period, the average issuance of SP2 in 2009 are only 213. Figure Comparison of SP2 Issuance per month in 2009 and Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec UPT of the House of Rural Telecommunication and Information Technology (BTIP) UPT of the House of Rural Telecommunication and Information Technology (BTIP) was established with the goal, among other things, to overcome the gap of the use and utilization of telecommunication between regions and to improve penetration of information technology to the rural area particularly in areas which still have minimum usage of telecommunication and information technology. One of the actions taken by BTIP is to increase the achievability of telecommunication facility 247

22 to under-developed areas through the program directed to increase public access in rural area in making use of information technology. Currently, there are three main programs conducted by BTIP to encourage the increase of rural community access to information technology facilities, i.e. Ringing Village (Desa Berdering/DeRing) program, Village Using Internet (Desa Pakai Internet/Desa Pinter) and Sub District Internet Service Program (PLIK) BTIP Staff Until 2010, 31 Staff from various levels of education are employed at BTIP. This number only increased by 1 staff compared to the previous year which were 30 staff. Addition of new staff from 2010 recruitment which was done by both the Ministry of Communication and Infromation Technology and the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication was not much allocated for addiition of staff at BTIP. Even though at Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication there are additions of 124 staff or 10.1% compared to previous year, but at BTIP there was only 1 additional staff. Table Development of the Number of Staff at BTIP according to Education Level No Year SLTA D3 S1 S2 S Although there was only 1 additional staff, but from the composition of staff according to level of education, there has been a significant shift which led to the enforcement of Human Resources of the staff at BTIP. Proportion of staff with magister (S2) level of education is increased from 23.3% to 29% in At the same time the proportion of staff with level of education S1 is reduced from 60% to 54.8% in On the other hand, staff with level of education SLTA is reduced from 13.3% to only 9.7% and staff with level of education D3 increased from 3.3% to 6.5%. This shows that there is an effort of BTIP to increase the quality and competency of its staff through level of education. 248

23 Figure Composition of BTIP Staff according to level of Education 100% 50% 0% S2 23.3% 29.0% S1 60.0% 54.8% D3 3.3% 6.5% SLTA 13.3% 9.7% Universal Telecommunication Service Area (WPUT) The main program of BTIP to increase the penetration of the use of telecommunication and information technology facilities in the rural area is conducted by setting the area and villages in Telecommunication Universal Service Area (WPUT). In each province a number of villages included in WPUT are established whose numbers vary between provinces. Until 2010, there are 4,052 villages establehed that are included in the WPUT. This number is the result of addition done in 2009 as many as 1581 villages. That total number reaches 55.4% of total villages in all provinces in Indonesia. The addition of villages included in WPUT program nominally most common occurs in West Sumatra region, followed by East Nusa Tenggara and West Kalimantan. The addiiton of villages in Sumatra is as many as 221 villages, while in east Nusa Tenggara 159 villages and in West Kalimantan 128 villages. But, when seen from the percentage of the addition, the highest percentage actualy occurs in West Nusa Tenggara, followed by West Sulawesi and West Sumatra. Percentage of the increased number of WPUT villages in West Sulawei reaches 36%, while the increase in the number of WPUT villages in West Nusa Tenggara reaches 29.5% and in West Sumatra reaches 13%. Increase in the number of villages in WPUT 249

24 program in Java area tends to be low although the number of villages in this area is quite a lot. This is because in the early stage of the program there has been quite a lot of villages in Java included in the program and there has been relatively quite a lot of villages in Java which already have telecommunication access. From that distribution of villages of WPUT program, the biggest proportion was in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD), followed by North Sumatra and Central Java. The number of villages in NAD included in WPUT program reaches 13.3% of total WPUT villages, while in North Sumatra the proportion reaches 9.2% and Central Java reaches 7.4%. The large number of villages in NAD that are included in WPUT program of the Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication shows the intention of the government to increase and expand telecommunication access in the area of NAD that has been relatively low due to prolonged conflict. Improvement of access to telecommunication is expected to accelerate the development and promote the welfare in NAD region. 250

25 Table The Growth of the Number of Villages in WPUT Program compared to Total Number of Villages in each Province NO PROVINCES Village (2007) Additional Village (2009) Total WPUT Village Total Number of Villages 1 NAD 5, ,324 6,378 2 Nort Sumatera 3, ,675 5,616 3 West Sumatera 1, ,916 1,916 4 Jambi ,231 5 Riau ,482 6 Riau Islands Bangka Belitung Bengkulu 1, ,089 1,233 9 South Sumatera 1, ,953 2, Lampung , West Kalimantan 1, ,154 1, Central Kalimantan 1, ,135 1, East Kalimantan , South Kalimantan 1, ,366 1, North Sulawesi , Gorontalo Central Sulawesi , West Sulawesi South Sulawesi 1, ,186 2, South East Sulawesi 1, ,053 1, Papua 2, ,360 2, West Papua , Maluku North Maluku Bali West Nusa Tenggara East Nusa Tenggara 2, ,250 2, Banten , West Jawa 1, ,279 5, Central Jawa 2, ,972 8, DI Yogyakarta East Jawa 2, ,304 8,484 Total 38,471 1,581 40,052 72,

26 If the number of villages included in WPUT program is compared wiht the total villages, totally there is only 55.4% villages included in WPUT program. The highest percentage of villages included in WPUT program is in West Sumatra and Papua. All villages in West Sumatra enter to WPUT program. Meanwhile in Papua, percentage of the number of villages included in WPUT program reaches 96.6% of total villages at WPUT. Provinces in Java instead shows low percentage of villages that are included in WPUT program. In West Java, only 22% villages enter WPUT program of the total villages, while in Central Java and East Java, where there are still a lot of rural areas, only 34.7% and 27.2% respectively are included in WPUT program. Villages in Java area relatively have a lot of access to telecommunication causing the low number of villages entering WPUT program. In the meantime, provinces in the East part of Indonesia show large proportion of villages that enter WPUT program. Besides Papua whose percentage reaches 96.6%, the proportion of Maluku and North Maluku reach 84.2% and 81.5% respectively, while provinces in Kalimantan which have vast geographical areas, the proportion of villages that enter WPUT program is also high. In Central Kalimantan, the proportion reaches 81.4%, in West kalimantan reaches 75.4% and in South Kalimantan reaches almost 70% of the total villages in that province. On the other hand, in Sulawesi area, the proportion is actually low. In total, the number of villages in Sulawesi that enters WPUT program is only 49.5% of total villages in Sulawesi. The relatively high percentage is only in West Sulawesi, but only 62.5% of total villages in that area. On the contrary, in Sumatra area, which from the level of progress is higher than Sulawesi, the proportion of villages included in WPUT program is relatively higher. In total, the number of villages in Sumatra entering WPUT program reaches 71.6% of the total villages in Sumatra. In some provinces it is shown that percentage of the number of villages included in WPUT program is quite high. In West Sumatra the percentage reaches 100% (all villages in West Sumatra entered WPUT program). Meanwhile, in Bengkulu and NAD, the proportion reaches 88.3% and 83.5%. respectively. 252

27 Figure Proportion of number of villages included in WPUT program to Total Villages in Each Province until % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 83.5% 100.0% 65.4% 68.1% 59.2% 36.7% 55.8% 88.3% 70.2% 36.7% 75.4% 81.4% 65.5% 69.8% 44.1% 42.9% 53.6% 62.5% 41.4% 61.8% 96.6% 65.9% 84.2% 81.5% 28.7% 41.0% 82.1% 49.8% 22.0% 34.7% 27.2% 20% 10% 6.8% 0% N A D West Sumatera Riau Bangka Belitung South Sumatera West Kalimantan East Kalimantan North Sulawesi Central Sulawesi South Sulawesi Papua Maluku Bali East Nusa Tenggara WestJawa DI Yogyakarta 253

28 Desa Berdering* Program One of the programs to improve telecommunication penetration in rural area is through Desa Berdering program. This program aims to increase telephone access to villages which have not been reached by telephone access, especially fixed line telephone. To support this program, up to year 2010 there are 33,184 villages spread over 32 Provinces (DKI Jakarta is excluded from this program since all areas in DKI Jakarta already have telephone access) that have been set. When compared with the total number of villages in Indonesia, the number of villages that becomes the target of Desa Berdering reaches 45.9% of the total villages in Indonesia. As of 31 December, 2010, the number of villages that has become on air reaches 26,753 villages or around 80.6% of the total villages. If compared with the number of villages in Indonesia, the proportion of on air villages from this Desa Berdering program only reaches 37%. Table Position of Achievement of DeRing Program compared with Number of Villages per Province in 2010 No Provinces Number of Target Villages Number of On Air Villages Total Number of Villages No Provinces Number of Target Villages Number of On Air Villages Total Number of Villages 1 NAD 3,847 3,847 6, NTB North Sumatera 2,976 2,976 5, NTT 2,027 2,027 2,742 3 West Sumatera 1,804 1,801 1, West Kalimantan ,531 4 Riau , Central Kalimantan 1,128 1,127 1,395 5 Riau Islands East Kalimantan ,352 6 Jambi , South Kalimantan 1,187 1,187 1,957 7 Bangka Belitung South Sulawesi ,866 8 Bengkulu , West Sulawesi South Sumatera 1,704 1,704 2, Central Sulawesi , Lampung , South East Sulawesi , Banten , North Sulawesi , West Jawa 1,187 1,187 5, Gorontalo Central Jawa 1,552 1,552 8, Maluku DI Yogyakarta North Maluku East Jawa 1,579 1,579 8, West Papua , Bali Papua 2, ,

29 The level of achievement of desa berdering program between provinces showed that in most of the provinces, the number of on air villages has reached the target set. Provinces that have not yet reached on air target are provinces in Sulawesi and Eastern part of Indonesia. Level of target achievement in provinces in Sulawesi and Eastern part of Indonesia is even low, less than 50% except in West Sulawesi that reaches 63%. The very low level of desa berdering target achievement is in Gorontalo (4%) and South-east Sulawesi (5%). Low level of achievement is also present in Papua (11.6%), North Maluku (12%), and West Papua (15%). The highest proportion of the number of desa berdering compared with the total villages is in West Sumatra and Papua which respectively reaches 95% and 92%. In provinces in Sumatra area, the proportion of villages included in desa berdering target to total villages is quite high except in Riau Islands and Lampung which only achieve 36% and 35% of total villages in those provinces. The largest proportion is in West Sumatera aand Bengkulu which reaches 95% and 81% of total villages in those provinces. Proportion of villages included in Desa Berdering program in Kalimantan and Eastern part of Indonesia is relatively quite high compared to provinces in Java and Sulawesi. Proportion of number of villages enters desa berdering program to total villages in Java area is actually low. In total, number of villages in Java island that enters Desa Berdering program is only 20.2% of the total villages. The lowest proportion is in Jogjakarta whose proportion is only 4%, followed by Central Java and West Java with the proportion of only 18% and 20% respectively of the total villages. Like WPUT village, the low proportion of villages included in Desa Berdering program in Java is because most already have good access to telecommunication so that telephone access can be done through market mechanism. With better infrastructure network, especially telecommunication infrastructure, special program is not required to improve penetration of telephone usage in villages in Java. Proportion of villages in Java area that enters Desa Berdering program compared to total villages is relatively low. This is because Java area has already had good telecommunication infrastructure and telecommunication access has reached a lot of rural areas so that special program is not necessary. 255

30 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Target Achievement Proportion of Target to Total Villages NAD West Sumatera Kepulauan Riau Bangka Belitung South Sumatera Banten Central Jawa East Jawa NTB West Kalimantan East Kalimantan South Sulawesi Central Sulawesi North Sulawesi Maluku West Papua 4% 5% 4% 20% 18% 19% 15% 19% 18% 15% 12% 12% 25% 32% 36% 35% 40% 37% 39% 46% 47% 47% 53% 48% 50% 54% 48% 49% 60% 61% 61% 65% 64% 63% 66% 74% 73% 81% 81% 80% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 95% 92% Figure Target Achievement of Desa Berdering and Proportion of Desa Berdering to Total Villages in each Province as of December 31,

31 Desa PINTER (Own Internet)* In order to improve internet access in rural area and as a means of introduction and socialization of internet technology, Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication takes it through Desa Pinter (Village Using Internet) program. In total, 131 villages spread in 33 provinces have been targeted as location of Desa Pinter program. From total 131 target villages, achievement realization of Desa Pinter program only reaches 101 villages or only 77.1% of the target set. Provinces that have the most Desa Pinter locations are Central Java, Nangroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) and Sumatra, with each of 10, 9, and 7 villages. Besides the number of Desa Pinter which is larger in those three provinces, the distribution of Desa Pinter in each province tends to be equally even with average of 3 to 4 villages in each province. In terms of achievement, Desa Pinter program in the area of Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Bali and Nusa Tenggara are all realized. Meanwhile, for Desa Pinter program in Sulawesi there is not any village realized yet except in Gorontalo where it is only 1 village realized out of three target villages. Desa Pinter program which has not been realized also occurs in area of Eastern part of Indonesia such as Maluku, North Maluku, West Papua and Papua. Table Target and Realization of the Number of Villages in Desa Pinter Program No Provinces Target Realization No Provinces Target Realization 1 NAD NTT North Sumatra East Jawa West Sumatra Central Jawa Riau DI Yogyakarta Jambi West Jawa South Sumatra Banten Bengkulu North Sulawesi Lampung Central Sulawesi Bangka Belitung West Sulawesi Riau Islands South Sulawesi West Kalimantan South East Sulawesi Central Kalimantan Gorontalo South Kalimantan North Maluku East Kalimantan Maluku Bali West Papua NTB Papua

32 Sub District Internet Service Program (PLIK) Sub District Internet Service Program (PLIK) is an effort done by Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication to provide access to internet service until Sub District level. This program is conducted by providing internet access service in certain places in the Sub District managed by a certain unit for the benefit of surrounding communities. Management of this PLIK is performed in cooperation with various parties from various organizations such as Koperasi (Coopertives), UKM (small and middle business units), School, Pesantren Islamic Religious Schools), Foundation, etc.. In this PLIK program the target of establishment has been set as many as 5,748 units of PLIK which are spread in all provinces. The biggest target is in East Java province which are 538 units of PLIK, followed by Central Java 478 PLIK, and West Java 448 PLIK. Java has become the primary location of PLIK program where the target of PLIK has achieved 31% despite consisting only of 5 provinces. In the meantime, Sumatra which consists of 10 provinces, only has proportion of 28.7% of the total PLIK target throughout Indonesia. Table Number of PLIK and its Proportion to Total Sub Districts in Each Province in 2010 No Provinces PLIK Target PLIK Realization No. of Sub District No Provinces PLIK Target PLIK Reailzation No. of Sub District 1 NAD NTB North Sumatera NTT West Sumatera West Kalimantan Riau Central Kalimantan Riau Islands East Kalimantan Jambi South Kalimantan Bangka Belitung South Sulawesi Bengkulu West Sulawesi South Sumatera Central Sulawesi Lampung South East Sulawesi Banten North Sulawesi West Jawa Gorontalo Central Jawa Maluku DI Yogyakarta North Maluku East Jawa West Papua Bali Papua

33 In terms of the number of PLIK implementation, the proportion of PLIK location has reached 88.8% of the total Sub Districts in Indonesia. In some provinces, the number of targets of PLIK units is more than the number of the Sub Districts in Indonesia such as in West Sumatra, Banten, DI Yogyakarta, Bali and other provinces in the Western, Middle, and Eastern part of Indonesia. This means that in those provinces there are more than one PLIK unit in one Sub District. Meanwhile, in some other provinces, the number of PLIK is still lower than the number of Sub Districts. When seen from the proportion of location based on the island, only in Kalimantan the number of PLIK is higher than the number of Sub Districts, as shown in figure Meanwhile, for other five big islands, the number of PLIK still have not matched the number of the Sub Districts. Even for Java, the proportion of the number of new PLIK only reaches 85.5% of the number of Sub Districts, and in Maluku and Papua only reaches 68.9% of the number of Sub Districts. This means, even though the number of PLIK is a lot, but actually the proportion is relatively small if compared with the number of Sub Districts. However, for Java, this is more due to many sub districts have already had access to internet and hence PLIK program is no longer necessary. Figure Proportion of the Number of PLIK to Total Sub Districts by Island in % 100% 93.9% 85.5% 93.4% 106.9% 87.2% 80% 68.9% 60% 40% 20% 0% Sumatera Java Bali + NusTra Kalimantan Sulawesi Maluku + Papua 259

34 From the total PLIK established, as of December 31, 2010 there are 4,273 PLIK units realized or around 74.3% of the planned target. The realization of this PLIK is only around 65.9% of the total Sub Districts throughout Indonesia. The level of achievement of this realization varied between provinces with a very high variation. In West Java, PLIK realization is even higher than the planned target, which is 119% and in East Java also reaches 101% of the target. In most regions, particularly in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Eastern part of Indonesia and part of Java, the realization of PLIK implementation have already reached 100% of the planned target. But in some provinces in Java the realization of PLIK have not reached the target like in Banten which is only 82%, DI Yogyakarta only 41% and even Central Java only 2%. In Sumatra there is also a very contrast achievement where PLIK realization in NAD and North Sumatra have reached 100% but in some provinces like Riau Islands, Jambi, Bangka Belitung, Bengkulu and South Sumatra the realization is still zero (0%) and in Riau only 1%. Only in Lampung the realization is slightly better, i.e. 42%. If compared between the target of PLIK program with the number of Sub Districts in each province, the proportion of the number of PLIK to total Sub Districts in a province is quite high with an average above 80%. Even in some provinces, the number of PLIK is higher than the total Sub Districts like in Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung, Bengkulu, Banten, DI Yogyakarta, Bali, NTB, most parts of Kalimantan, West Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Maluku and Papua. This means that in some Sub Districts of those provinces there are more than one PLIK. However, for West Papua, the proportion is still very low, only 28% of the total sub districts. 260

35 Figure Proportion of the Number of PLIK to Total Sub Districts by Islands and Provinces in % 180% 160% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% NA D Nor th Su We st Su Ria u Kep ula uan Ja mbi Ban gka Beli Ben gku lu Sou th Su La mp ung Ban ten We st Jaw Ce ntra DI Yog yak Eas t Jaw Bali NT B NT T We st Kali Ce ntra Eas t Kali Sou th Kali Sou th Sul We st Sul Ce ntra Sou th Eas Nor th Sul Gor ont alo Mal uku Nor th Mal We st Pap Pap ua Target Achievement % 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 42% 82% 119 2% 41% Proportion of Target to Total Sub Districts 94% 83% % % %73% % 83% % %99% % %83% 85% % 28% 158 l l l 261

36 10.5. UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring has main function to conduct monitoring on the use of frequency by various parties in order to control the proper use of frequency. This function is performed by the existence of monitoring units in the regions, in the form of houses or loka (shops) with various levels. There are 35 UPT of monitoring that spread throughout Indonesia, including two newly operated UPT, i.e. UPT Tahuna and UPT Sorong Staff of UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring is one of working units that has the most significant increase in the number of staff in 2010 compared to that of the previous year. In 2010, the number of staff at UPT increased by 8.3% compred to that of the previous year, becoming 960 people. The increase of staff in 2010 came from new staff recruitment at Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication and is the second largest increase in the past three years. Table Development of the Number of Staff at UPT of Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication according to Level of Education No Year S2 S1 D3 D2 SLTA SLTP SD Total In terms of its composition, in 2010 the staff with SLTA (higher secondary school) education is still the greatest at UPT with the proportion of 39%, followed by staff with Sarjana (Bachelor) education of 32.8%. Although the proportion of the number of staff with SLTA education is still the greatest, but the development within the last six years shows that this proportion is reducing from 55.2% in 2005 to be just 39% in On the other hand, staff with Sarjana and Pasca Sarjana (Master Degree) education are in fact increased from a total of 28% in 2005 to 48.1% in 262

37 2010. This shows the efforts to improve the quality and competence of the staff through increased levels of education for the staff. Figure Development of Composition of UPT Staff according to Levels of Education in % 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% SD 1.5% 1.6% 1.3% 2.1% 2.9% 2.6% SLTP 3.8% 2.4% 2.7% 3.1% 2.9% 3.2% SLTA 54.4% 42.9% 45.7% 40.6% 39.0% 38.3% D2 1.5% 0.7% 0.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% D3 11.8% 13.9% 14.5% 15.8% 15.3% 15.0% S1 24.1% 34.0% 31.3% 32.2% 32.8% 33.9% S2 3.0% 4.5% 4.0% 5.7% 6.6% 6.6% Distribution of the number of staff according to UPT shows variation in the number of staff between UPT in line with the class of UPT Frequency Spectrum Monitoring in each region. UPT House of Monitoring consists of several classes, i.e. Balai Monitoring Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3, classified according to its monitoring workload. UPT with high workload due to high use of frequency in areas such as UPT Jakarta, UPT Bandung, UPT Semarang and UPT Surabaya also have much more staff (more than 40 staff) with the number of staff with higher level of education is also larger. Meanwhile, in some other UPT in the area with the level of frequency usage that is not too big and with socio-economic dynamismand level of regional progress that is not too high, the number of staff in that UPT also tends to be low. UPT Kendari, UPT Jayapura, UPT Gorontalo, UPT Ternate and UPT Banjarmasin have a small number of staff (less than 20). This is related to frequency monitoring 263

38 workload which is relatively less than other UPT. Table which shows the number of staff in each UPT based on level of education also shows the number of staff with S1 education which has quite significant proportion. In some UPT there are also staff with Magister education. Meanwhile, the number of staff with basic education is relatively lower. Table Number of Staff in each UPT Frequency Monitoring based on Educational Level. No UPT S2 S1 D3 D2 SLTA SLTP SD Total 1 UPT NAD UPT MEDAN UPT PADANG UPT PEKANBARU UPT JAMBI UPT BABEL UPT BATAM UPT PALEMBANG UPT BENGKULU UPT LAMPUNG UPT DKI JAKARTA UPT BANTEN UPT BANDUNG UPT YOGYAKARTA UPT SEMARANG UPT SURABAYA UPT DENPASAR UPT MATARAM UPT KUPANG UPT SAMARINDA UPT BALIKPAPAN UPT PONTIANAK UPT PALANGKARAYA UPT BANJARMASIN UPT MANADO UPT PALU UPT MAKASAR UPT AMBON UPT GORONTALO UPT TERNATE UPT KENDARI UPT JAYAPURA UPT MERAUKE UPT TAHUNA UPT SORONG TOTAL

39 Monitoring and Control of Frequency by UPT Performance of UPT Frequency Monitoring among other things is shown by controlling activity done by that UPT towards the violation of frequency usage conducted by stakeholder users.. Table shows the result of controlling activity done by each UPT in 2010 and the action taken. Table Recapitulation of Control by each UPT in 2010 VIOLATION ACTION No CONTROL AREA License Improper Ilegal Total Confiscated Sealed Warning Total Expired Use 1 UPT NAD UPT MEDAN UPT PADANG UPT PEKANBARU UPT JAMBI UPT BABEL UPT BATAM UPT PALEMBANG UPT BENGKULU UPT LAMPUNG UPT DKI JAKARTA UPT BANTEN UPT BANDUNG UPT YOGYAKARTA UPT SEMARANG UPT SURABAYA UPT DENPASAR UPT MATARAM UPT KUPANG UPT SAMARINDA UPT BALIKPAPAN UPT PONTIANAK UPT PALANGKARAYA UPT BANJARMASIN UPT MANADO UPT PALU UPT MAKASAR UPT AMBON UPT GORONTALO UPT TERNATE UPT KENDARI UPT JAYAPURA UPT MERAUKE UPT TAHUNA UPT SORONG

40 Even though the use of frequency tends to be high in urban areas especially in Java, yet violation of the use of frequency does not take place in the area with high frequency usage. Control result of frequency usage shows that violation of frequency usage is mostly found by UPT Kupang as many as 144 violations and UPT Jambi as many as 129 violations. In the meantime, in UPT in Java, a quite significant finding of violations is only found in UPT Bandung (53 violations) and UPT Semarang (49 violations). High findings of violations in a certain area may mean that UPT in those areas (Kupang and Jambi) are more active in conducting control so that they are able to catch more suspects of frequency violations. At the same time, there are still many violations of frequency usage in those areas because of the low level of compliant and awareness on the rules of the usage. Yet, the small number of findings of frequency violations in an area does not always mean that UPT in that area is not active enough to do the control, but it could be because the level of compliant of the frequency users in that area on the rules of frequency usage is quite good just like in the urban areas. From the type of violations done, the largest percentage is violation in the form of illegal frequency usage. In total, around 73.6% violations done is in the form of illegal frequency usage. This kind of violation usually occurs in geographically vast area and where monitoring is hard to do. Meanwhile, violations in the form of improper use of frequency reaches 21.7% and violations in the form of expired license of frequency usage only 4.7%. But, for areas supervised by UPT Kupang, the largest violation is actually in the form of improper use of frequency. Around 66.7% of violations of frequency usage in the working area of UPT Kupang is in the form of improper use of frequency. The high incidents of this kind of violations is allegedly because the control area is vast and in the form of island, and also due to the interest of specific use of frequency usage in that area. In the meantime, violation in the form of iilegal usage of frequency has the proportion of only 20.8%. 266

41 Figure Composition of Type of Violations and Control Action by UPT in 2010 License Expired,4.7% ImproperUse, 21.7% Illegal,73.6% Warning, 77.6% Conviscated, 15.4% Sealed,7.0% Type of Violations Type of Actions Considering that the most common violations occurred is in the form of illegal use of frequency, the most common action taken is still in the form of warning to such violation. Around 77.7% actions taken against the violation of frequency use is in the form of warning. UPT tends to do persuasive approach in actions against violators of frequency use in which the offense allegedly caused by ignorance of rules or lack of awareness in complying with the rule of frequency usage. Action in the form of confiscation of the equipment has proportion of 15.4% and action in the form of sealing has only 7.0% Performance of UPT Performance and capacity of UPT of Frequency Spectrum Monitoring can also be seen from the resources owned and the work load of control that has to be done. Resources owned can be seen from the number of officers/staff in that UPT and monitoring equipment owned and the type of services provided by monitor station. In the meantime, work load is reflected from the wide of area and geographical condition of monitoring area and the number of objects to be monitored in the forms of the number of stations, the number of BTS, the number of radio broadcasts and the number of TV broadcasts. Table illustrates the condition of capacity and work load of each UPT to describe performance and work load faced by UPT. 267