WPCA AMEREN ESP. SEMINAR Understanding ESP Controls. By John Knapik. 2004, General Electric Company

Transcription

1 WPCA AMEREN ESP SEMINAR Undrstanding ESP Controls By John Knapik 2004, Gnral Elctric Company

2 Efficincy vs. Spcific Corona Powr KNOW WHERE YOUR ESP RUNS ON THE CURVE Collction Efficincy (Prcnt) Corona Powr Watts/1000 ACFM Propritary 2

3 AVC Cabint, CLR & T/R St Propritary 3

4 Typical SCR-CLR Elctrical Systm + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 4

5 Just Rmmbr, th Primary of a T-R St is Ratd in Units of RMS, th Scondary is in Avrag 400 V AC RMS 120 A AC RMS 45 KV DC Avrag 750 ma DC Avrag Thrfor us an RMS Rading Mtr to Calibrat th Primary Mtrs Propritary 5

6 Not! How Do You Tll Th Diffrnc? Iron Van Movmnt D Arsonval Avrag RMS Th Mtr Scal Distanc is not th Sam on th RMS Mtr. Propritary 6

7 Primary Currnt Mtr + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 7

8 Finding th Primary Currnt Wavform Propritary 8

9 Primary Currnt A Choppd Sin Wav Propritary 9

10 Primary Currnt Wavform - Positiv and Ngativ Half-Cycls = SCR 1 and SCR 2

11 Scondary Currnt Mtr + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 11

12 Finding th ma Signal Propritary 12

13 Scondary Currnt Pulsating DC Propritary 13

14 Typical Primary and Scondary Currnt Propritary 14

15 Scondary Voltag Mtr + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 15

16 Currnt Limit - ma & KV Propritary 16

17 Scondary Voltag Wavforms Tru Ngativ ma KVmi n Propritary KVpak 17

18 Nxt Th Automatic Voltag Control + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 18

19 Th AVC is th BRAINS of th ESP

20 Oldr Analog AVC Propritary 20

21 Microprocsso r Basd AVC Propritary 21

22 Th AVC has 2 Jobs to Excut Propritary Control th amount of sparking in th ESP. If a T/R st is not sparking, thn its AVC should b pushing that T/R st to on of its pr-st, halthy limits (volts, amps, KV, ma, or firing angl). I ll xplain what is mant by halthy in a minut 22

23 Th AVC has 2 Jobs to Excut But how dos th AVC know what s happning in th ESP?

24 Transformr Rctifir St Th ma signal is its ys! ma Mtr Currnt) Ground Rturn Lg Plat (+) (Prcipitator Voltag) KV Mtr KV (Prcipitator ma Elctrod Fr Elctrons = Positiv & Ngativ Ions = + Chargd Particls = Propritary 24

25 AVC Cabint, CLR & T/R St Propritary 25

26 AVC Spark Rspons SPARK SETBACK QUENCH Propritary FAST RAMP SPARK RATE 26

27 Good Initial Sttings for an AVC 1. Qunch = 1 Full Cycl 2. Fast Ramp = 5 or 6 Half Cycls 3. Stback = 15 to 20% 4. Spark Rat = 30SPM Propritary 27

28 Propr AVC Rspons to Sparking Propritary 28

29 Spark Rspons - Scondary Currnt Wavform Propritary 29

30 Spark Rspons - Scondary Currnt and Voltag Wavforms Propritary 30

31 Typical Spark Rspons - ma & KV Propritary 31

32 Furthr Control A Sarch Ramp Rat Nw Spark Thrshold or T/R Limit Sarch Ramp Spark Thrshold P O W E R AUTO PRCS FLWR Stback PHASE BACK Fast Ramp Qunch (Rspons to Spark) INTERRUPT Propritary Slow Ramp (dtrmind by spark rat) RAMP PEDESTAL T IM E 32

33 Spit Spark Rspons (ma) Propritary 33

34 Spit Spark Rspons - Scondary Currnt and Voltag Wavforms Propritary 34

35 Exampls of AVC s at a Limit

36 AVC SPARK LIMITED DOING IT S JOB Propritary 36

37 T/R Currnt Limitd with Sparking Propritary 37

38 T-R CURRENT LIMITED WITHOUT SPARKING Propritary 38

39 T-R VOLTA LIMITED WITH SPARKING Propritary 39

40 What is mant by Halthy Limits? Primary or Scondary Limit is not halthy whn accompanid by a Primary Voltag lvl < 90 VAC or a Scondary lvl < 12KV. It usually indicats a short circuit. Scondary Voltag Limit is not halthy whn thr is vry littl Scondary Currnt. It usually indicats an opn circuit. Nithr condition is aiding in particl captur Propritary 40

41 Th T-R St + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 41

42 Transformr Rctifir (T/R) St Propritary 42

43 Insid T/R Tank Propritary 43

44 High Voltag Transformr Propritary 44

45 Diod Stack Propritary 45

46 T/R St Low Voltag Junction Box Propritary 46

47 Low Voltag Junction Box Propritary 47

48 T/R Namplat Propritary 48

49 Th KV Mtr + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 49

50 Voltag Dividr Propritary 50

51 SCR S + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 51

52 SCR Propritary 52

53 Typical Sin Wav SCR Firing Angl (90 ) + - Powr On Zro Crossings Tim Conduction Angl (90 ) millisconds Propritary 53

54 SCR: Low Voltag to T-R St Firing Angl 140 Conduction angl 40 Propritary 54

55 SCR: High Powr to T-R St 400 Firing Angl 40 Conduction angl 140 Propritary 55

56 Th CLR + SCR Stack - + L-1 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Primary Voltag Mtr Transformr/Rctifir (T/R) St V CT L-2 Primary Currnt Mtr A Scondary ma Currnt Mastr Firing Circuit Scondary Voltag KV Mtr Microprocssor(s) Control Modul Automatic Voltag Control Propritary Prcipitator Fild ma Signal Rsistor 56

57 Currnt Limiting Ractor (CLR) Propritary 57

58 Currnt Limiting Ractor Propritary 58

59 Currnt Limiting Ractor at T-R St Propritary 59

60 SCR s ar why CLR s ar Ndd Th diagram would rprsnt th wavform with th SCRs turning on at 90. If this wavform wr applid to th T/R st, vry infficint opration would occur. Output powr from th T/R st would b gratly rducd. Propritary

61 Elctrical Basics: CLR To incras th fficincy of th T/R st, a dvic calld a CLR (currnt limiting ractor) is usd. A CLR is an inductor. Rcall that th proprty of an inductor is to oppos a chang in currnt. Bcaus of this proprty, th shap of th currnt wavform is changd and it starts looking mor lik a sin wav. Propritary 61

62 CLR Function Limit short circuit currnt Shap T/R scondary wav to b mor sinusoidal Provid propr form factor Protct SCRs and T/R diods from stp currnt ris Incras prcipitator voltag and currnt Not to b confusd with air cor ractor Propritary 62

63 CLR Wavform Changs with Impdanc Propritary 63

64 Propr CLR Sizs for Common T/R Sts All T/R primaris ar ratd at 400V Propritary PRI Currnt (Amps) Sc. Currnt (ma) Minimum (mh)

65 Basic Troublshooting Enrgy

66 TR Namplat Valus (For this xrcis) Primary Currnt 160 Amps Primary Voltag 480 Volts Scondary Currnt 1200 ma Scondary Voltag 45 kv Propritary 66

67 First Indication Scond Indication Short Propritary 67

68 Clos Claranc 160 Propritary

69 Conductiv Dust, Outlt Fild 160 Propritary

70 Bad KV Rturn 160 Propritary

71 Opn 160 Propritary

72 Normal Running Condition 160 Propritary

73 SCRs Not Firing 160 Propritary

74 Qustions? Thank You.