Cisco s CLEC Networkers Power Session
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- Sharlene Lucas
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1 Course Number Presentation_ID 1 Cisco s CLEC Networkers Power Session Session 2
2 The Business Case for ONS What s Driving the Demand? Data Voice 4
3 What s Driving the Demand? Internet 36,700,000 Hosts 71,618 Newsgroups 300,000,000 Web Sites 300,000 Hosts 1,000 Newsgroups 0 5,000 Hosts 241 Newsgroups Government and Academia Commercialization Mosaic/WWW Increasing Volume... Increasing Payloads... Received per Day Average Size Totals 10 Years Ago 5 Years Ago Today KB KB KB 2 MB 0-2 KB KB MB 6
4 Engineer Network for Growth Data 50% Add Vox Voice 50% Drop Today 7 The Challenge Meet increasing bandwidth demand while: Keeping cost down Staying Flexible Being nimble Maintaining QoS 8
5 DWDM Core Is Critical to Network Growth Long haul carriers and geographical diverse CLEC s are implementing DWDM to address unpredictable data growth The Optical Layer delivers reduced network costs in conjunction with increased bandwidth Both are key to network success as users demand greater bandwidth at lower prices Simplified architecture enables fast, efficient network construction Long fiber spans minimize maintenance exposure in remote areas 9 Network Optimization for Data Services Legacy TDM Data Centric Traffic TDM Voice, Leased Line SONET/SDH Multiservice Frame Relay, ATM IP Focus Investments Here Optical DWDM leverages the network infrastructure to address both legacy and emerging traffic DWDM positions the carrier to maximize data investments 10
6 Network Optimization for Data Services IP Switch λ 1 λ 2 SONET Term Survivable Optical Ring Optical X-Connect Survivable Optical Ring λ 3 ATM Switch Each optical network application will be connected by a unique wavelength 11 Cisco s DWDM NE (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) ONS WaveMux 12
7 ONS Platform Hyper-Dense Wave Division Multiplexing System 13 Benefits of Optical DWDM Increases capacity on installed fiber A single pair of fibers carrying one (1) OC-48 is now expandable to carry 128 OC-48 signals Economical capacity expansion; incrementally add one wavelength (channel) at a time Integrates with existing SONET network elements Provides new revenue opportunities New high-speed data services can be offered to end users Opportunity to sell wavelengths to other carriers Direct IP and ATM to WDM for OC-48 connections Future opportunity to offer wavelength services to end users Positions the service provider to take advantage of current and future optical layer networking 14
8 ONS Platform Streamlined rack design 32 channels shown at left System growth through addition of modules and racks - in service 128 channels fit in 4 bays All fiber network connections are front access Compatible with both OC-48 and OC-192 signals Flexible design accommodates any traffic mix 15 ONS Platform System architecture incorporates Line Extender Modules to replace SONET electrical regenerators Provides significant cost savings and major space reduction Integrated wavelength performance monitoring capabilities WaveLook software offers optical performance window 16
9 ONS Subrack Configuration Optical backplane minimizes internal fiber connections Sixteen slots per shelf for general use Slot 17 is reserved for - redundant power conditioning module (BAT) - subrack monitoring module (SCF) 17 ONS Channel Full Network Diagram Transmit Site WCM1 WCM8 8 WCMx W TPA-B M WCM9 WCMx WCM32 SONET Equipment 24 W M TPA-R LSM in Amplifiers Optical Multiplexers Wavelength Converter Modules ONS System Elements Line Service Modem PRE-L Line Site LSM LSM out in BBA RBA Up to 4 Line Sites (1-5 Spans) Optional Add/drop Equipment PRE-L LSM out Receive Site 8 W D - B 2 4 W D - R Rx-1 Rx-8 Rx-9 Rx-32 Optical Demultiplexers 18
10 ONS Principle: Band Separation In the ( ) nm region called BLUE BAND, 8 channels 100 GHz spaced, or 16 channels 50 GHz spaced can be multiplexed. In the ( ) nm region called RED BAND, 24 channels 100 GHz spaced, or 48 channels 50 GHz spaced can be multiplexed. In the ( ) nm region called INFRA-RED BAND, 32 channels 100 GHz spaced, or 64 channels 50 GHz spaced can be multiplexed nm 1540 nm 1550 nm 1560 nm 1570 nm 1580 nm 1590 nm 1600 nm BLUE BAND RED BAND INFRA-RED BAND 19 ONS : 32 channels Transmit Site Tx Tx WCM 01.. WCM 08 WCM WCM 32 8WM-B 24WM-R TPA-B TPA-R From Infra-Red Band The Transmit section contains: Wavelength Converter Modules (WCM) WCM s which transmit each channel on a precise wavelength Provide increased system dispersion tolerance through external modulation - - wavelength stability to.1 nm Optional if input equipment supplies ITU Grid compatible wavelengths Multiplexers (8WM-B / 24WM-R) Use Passive Star Coupler Technology for low insertion loss Wavelength multiplexers are passive, combining the channels into one unique total optical signal 20
11 ONS : 32 channels Transmit Site WCM 01 Tx Tx.. WCM 08 WCM WCM 32 8WM-B 24WM-R TPA-B TPA-R From Infra-Red Band The Transmit section contains: Power Amplifiers (TPA-xx) Offer flat gain profile Automatic Power Control from 1 to 64 channels TPA amplifiers boost the power of the overall optical signal and feed it into the fiber 21 ONS Common Modules CMP - Control and Monitoring Processor Module monitors all the modules at the site collects module information on one bus (status, alarms, parameters, actions) passes information to serial RS232 port for WaveLook access and to Ethernet bus for WaveLook and IEMS access Pre-L - Pre-Line Amplifier is used throughout the DWDM system RBA BBA optimized to recover low input signals after the last span loss - Red Band amplifier is a specific booster amplifier for the wavelengths in the red band - Blue Band amplifier is a specific booster amplifier for the wavelengths in the blue band RBA-IR - Infra-red band booster amplifier 22
12 ONS 15800: 32 Channel Line Site BBA PRE-L To Infra-Red Band RBA From Infra-Red Band The Line Site contains PRE-L - Pre-line amplifier Boosters (BBA and RBA) Once installed, lines sites accommodate from 1 to 64 channels Additional 64 channels require IR Band amplifier (inservice addition) 23 ONS : 32 Channels Receive Site RXT PRE-L To Infra-Red Band 8WD-B 24WD-R.. RXT RXT..... Rx Rx The Receive contains: Pre-Line Amplifiers (PRE-L) compensates for the attenuation of the previous span separates the blue and red bands Demultiplexers (8WD-B / 24WD-R) Demux also filters the ASE (Amplifier Spontaneous Emission Noise) RXT Incorporates Arrayed WaveGuide technology 24
13 ONS : 32 Channels Receive Site RXT PRE-L To Infra-Red Band 8WD-B 24WD-R.. RXT RXT..... RXT Rx Rx The Receive contains: Receive Transponders (RXT) RXT are optional Offer standard ITU-T G.957 interface to the SONET equipment Compensate for poor line performance - provides an increase of 3 db performance If used, the same module applies to all channels 25 ONS Module : Demultiplexers Benefits of Arrayed WaveGuide Technology Single Silicon component Consistent process control Low loss No aging degradation Arrayed Waveguides Slab Waveguide N Slab Waveguide S l i IN i=1 l 1 OUT l N Si Substrate Reliability is key to system components 26
14 SONET Term OC-48 Input/Output ONS 15800: Sample Network Configuration WCM WCM RXT DWDM Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 1 Ch 2 M D System example using two wavelengths West Direction WCM Multiplexers (M) Demultiplexers (D) East Direction Wavelength Converter Module D M DWDM Ch 1 Ch 2 Ch 1 Ch 2 WCM WCM RXT SONET Term OC-48 Input/Output RXT Receive Transponder ONS System is Unidirectional (Bi-Directional Available Shortly) Can be configured as an open or a closed system Channel 1 is open (no RXT) and channel 2 is configured as closed Open system saves cost of transponders at receive side Closed system provides B1 monitoring (BER) Route Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch. 128 Terminal Site ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADD/DROP Capable WaveMux TM DWDM Network ADD/DROP Capable Line Sites 5 x 25 db spans ADD/DROP Capable ADD/DROP Capable 500 Km s miles Terminal Site ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch spans Each Span up to 25 db (depending on fiber type) Total Span Distance 125 db At.25 db per Km each span is 100 Km s (62 miles) Total Distance is 500 Km s (310 miles) Longer Distances available utilizing Line Extender Modules 28
15 System Capacity for OC-48 Fiber Type Span Blue Band Red Band Infra-Red Total Budget Band SMF-28 5*25 db TWC 5*25 db TWC 5*22 db LS 5*25 db LS 5*22 db DS 5*25 db DS 5*22 db System Capacity for OC-192 Fiber Type Span Blue Band Red Band Infra-Red Total Budget Band SMF-28 5*25 db SMF-28 5*22 db TWC 5*25 db TWC 5*22 db LS 5*25 db LS 5*22 db DS 5*25 db DS 5*22 db With: Out of Band Forward Error Correction 30
16 WCM1 ONS Network Elements: 128 Channels RXT1 Tx WCM8 WCM1U 8WM TPA-B 8WD RXT8 RXT1U Rx 8WM 8WD WCM8u PRE-L BBA PRE-L BBA RXT8U WCM9 RBA RXT9 Tx WCM32 WCM9U 24WM TPA-R1 LSM in LSM ex LSM in LSM ex RBA 24WD RXT32 RXT9U Rx 24WM 24WD WCM32U RXT32U OLA-R2 WCM33 OLA-R2 RXT33 Tx WCM64 WCM33U 32WM TPA-R2 All ONS System Modules are retained: 100% use of all modules purchased 32WD RXT64 RXT33U Rx 32WM 32WD WCM64U New Modules are added as ONS System grows RXT64U 31 ONS System Scalability for Migration 16 l 48 l 64 l 320 Gb/s = 128 x 2.5 Gb/s 16 l 48 l 240 Gb/s = 96 x 2.5 Gb/s 32 l Increasing Capacity (Gb/s) 16 l 8l 48 l 160 Gb/s = 64 x 2.5 Gb/s 48 l 110 Gb/s = 56 x 2.5 Gb/s 8l 24 l 80 Gb/s = 32 x 2.5 Gb/s 24 l 60 Gb/s = 24 x 2.5 Gb/s Increasing Capacity (by number of channels) 32
17 ONS System Growth 64 Channels at OC-48 and/or OC GHz spacing, based on ITU-T grid Additional 32 channels are interleaved between the initial 32 channels on the ITU-T grid From 32 channels to 64, only 5 additional module types are required 32 additional WCM / LEM at transmit site 32 additional RXT cards (optional at OC-48) at receive site two additional mux cards at transmit site two additional demux cards at receive site two additional amplifiers (BBA and RBA) at receive site In-service upgrade 33 Additional Features Cisco
18 ONS Carrying OC-192 Traffic ONS supports standard OC-192 NRZ signal input at ITU-T grid wavelengths WCM not required OC-192 at ITU wavelength (l ) is input directly to optical multiplexer ONS also supports an advanced solution using Soliton technology Soliton transmitter required Converts OC-192 signal to Soliton RZ signal Soliton receiver required at remote end Dispersion compensation used at line sites and at receive site ONS options offer solutions for all fiber types and supports 5 spans at a nominal 25 db span budget 35 To Infra-Red Band ONS Modular Add/Drop Components PRE-L -P4-B1 ADA ADA -P4-R1 BBA RBA From Infra-Red Band modules inserted between the PRE-L and the Booster Amplifiers Each module is capable of Adding / Dropping 4 channels Cisco engineering works with customers to maximize efficiency of ADM sites. ADA amplifiers equalize the inserted channels with the pass-through channels ONS supports up to 50% Add/Drop 36
19 Line Extender Module (LEM) Line Extender Module Replaces back-to-back terminal equipment and regeneration equipment (LRE) Provides sectional performance monitoring through B1 Monitoring Up to 15 LEMs cascade (6000 km) confirmed B1 provides BER performance monitoring Incorporation of Forward Error Correction (FEC optional) will increase span budgets by 4 db per span LEM Benefits Reduces equipment cost Saves space at line site Improves DWDM system performance 37 Positioning of LEM in Networks SONET Terminal ONS ONS ONS ONS Line Site (OLA) L E M ONS LEM replaces Regen SONET Terminal Q3 Element manager SONET SONET Terminal Terminal LEM Card 38
20 ONS Channel Protection IP Router Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch. n Ch. 1 Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 4 Ch. n Working Path Protect Path 50 Ms Switch Optical Channel Switch moves Individual Wavelengths to a Protect Path OSU-W module for the ONS provides protection for individual wavelengths Optical layer protection enables direct connect of IP routers and ATM switches to DWDM Legacy traffic (voice) continues to be protected by the SONET layer 39 ONS Advanced System Features Temperature tuned Wavelength Converter Modules When upgrading from 32 to 64 channels, the additional wavelengths are provisioned via the same set of WCMs For example, the channel 12 WCM can operate as channel 12 or be tuned as the channel 12 upgrade, the adjacent wavelength This feature conserves sparing for WCM modules Tunable restoration module A single replacement module for a wide range of WCMs Maximum of 3 required for a large system, one per band (red, blue, infra-red) Amplifier Power Control static APC enables the optical amplifiers to be adjusted to the correct level in order to work with 1 to 128 channels Adjustments are made through WaveLook software 40
21 ONS Planned System Features Optical channel analyzer passive system monitoring on a per-channel basis operates on each fiber, each carrying up to 128 channels provides active measurements for channel signal power, wavelength accuracy, OSNR compares measurement to threshold for alarming Automatic frequency control In the 64 channel system 50 Ghz channel spacing is used Due to tighter spacing, channel wavelength must be monitored and automatically controlled to preserve signal integrity optical channel analyzer measures the wavelength accuracy and sends the information to the CMP If required, the CMP will perform automatic re-calibration of drifted transmitters 41 ONS Summary Scalable DWDM Platform supports from 1 to 128 channels of OC-48 and OC-192 provides investment protection utilizes superior technology Flexible Deployment Options supports open or closed configurations operates on a variety of fiber types supports up to 50% add/drop supports extended distances through LEMs Economical Platform maximizes capacity on a single pair of fibers minimizes sparing investment through common modules simplifies restoration via tunable restoration module 42
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