Simulation of ZVS H-Bridge Inverter Using Soft Switching Boost Converter
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1 K. Seekanth Reddy Smulaton of ZS H-Bdge Inete Usng Soft Swtchng Boost Conete K. Seekanth Reddy ABSTRACT: Ths pape pesents a two stage zeo-oltageswtchng H-Bdge nete usng soft swtchng boost conete. The conentonal H-Bdge nete geneates swtchng losses at tun on and off. So that, the effcency s educed. The poposed nete opeates ZS usng an auxlay swtch and esonant ccut to mpoe the effcency of nete. DC-DC conete stages educe not only swtchng loss but also the capacty and sze of the passe dece. DC-AC nete stage supples load wth enegy though the ZS opeaton of 4 swtches. The opeatng mode analyss s pesented n detal. We pesent the nete topology, pncple of opeaton and smulaton esults obtaned fom the MATAB Softwae. II. BASIC BOCK DIAGRAM Fg. shows the basc block dagam of ZS H- Bdge nete. Ths s a two stage conete that s DC-DC conete stage and DC-AC stage. In ths the esonant netwok conssts of a esonant nducto, two esonant capactos, two dodes and an auxlay swtch. It makes patal esonant path fo man swtch pefom soft swtchng at zeo oltage. Moeoe, the auxlay swtch also achees soft swtchng by esonant ccut. In the H-Bdge nete, the nete s capable of ZS swtchng and that can educe swtchng loss and sze of the passe dece. Keywods- Boost conete, Soft swtchng, Resonant conete, H-Bdge nete. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, tends of the powe electoncs system ae towad smalle sze, lghte weght and hghe effcency. So, t s necessay to ealuate the swtchng fequency of opeaton. Howee, as known, the swtchng losses of semconducto deces ae popotonal to swtchng fequency []. In ths way to mnmze o een to elmnate the swtchng losses, the soft commutaton technques ae needed fo mpong the effcency of the conetes. When the swtchng deces lke MOSFET o IGBT pefom had swtchng, dung tun on and off pocess, the powe dece has to wthstand hgh oltage and cuent smultaneously esultng n hgh swtchng loss and stess. Also accodng to that, the whole system effcency goes down. So, to sole ths poblem, soft swtchng conetes pode an effecte soluton to suppess electomagnetc ntefeence and hae been appled to DC-DC, AC-DC and DC-AC []. The dsadantages of had swtchng ae; expense, heay weght and low effcency. Theefoe n ths, the soft Swtchng s pefomng n both conete stage and nete stage. Howee n applcatons wth hgh oltage (aboe 500) and hgh alues of ms cuents though the Semconducto deces, Insulated-Gate Bpola Tansstos (IGBTs) ae pefeed as the powe swtches, because they pesent lowe conducton losses than MOSFETs[3]. Neetheless, the tun- off losses compose the majo pat of the total swtchng losses n IGBTs. Ths fact makes the zeo-cuent-tanston (ZCT) the most effecte one fo IGBTs. In ode to efy aly of poposed nete, t s smulated usng MATAB softwae. K. Seekanth Reddy s wokng as Assstant Pofesso, School of Electoncs & Electcal Engneeng, PU, Punjab, Inda. Coespondng autho e-mal: kondeddy.s@gmal.com III. Fg. Basc Block Dagam SOFT SWITCHING BOOST CONERTER Fg. shows the poposed soft swtchng nete capable of ZS swtchng and that can educe swtchng loss and sze of passe dece. Soft swtchng boost conete wth esonance as an nete n ode to gan hgh stable densty and hgh effcency. Resonance type soft swtchng DC-DC conete can educe swtchng loss than had swtchng DC-DC conete, and can educe scale of the passe elements (nducto, capacto). poposed ZS H-bdge nete Fg.. Fst stage s soft swtchng boost conete and n second stage, thee s conentonal H-bdge nete. The swtchng loss can be educed swtchng at zeo cuent and zeo oltage made by the esonance between nducto and capactos C, C. Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
2 K. Seekanth Reddy I. ( t t t ) EQUIAENT CIRCUIT ANAYSIS Mode 0 In ths mode the man swtch S s tuned on wth zeo-cuent swtchng (ZCS) and Only S3, S6 ae tuned off among 4 swtches of nete. Fomtheequalent ccut n d. Integatng onboth sdes, ( t ) ( ). t () 0 n d. n d.. t () ( t) (3) c 0 (4) c The man nducto cuent deceases lnealy and when the esonant nducto cuent s equal to the man nducto cuent, the swtch S s tuned off, at that tme mode s fnshed. The man and esonant nducto Cuents of ths mode ae pesented as () and (). The oltages of esonant capacto CandC ae gen by (3) and (4). Fg. 3 Equalent ccuts of half swtchng mode ( t t t ) Mode Ths mode stats at the tme that esonant swtch S s tuned off. c c c.. 0 c c 0 d c 0 d t d d c d t d t D D d d t c c d d t c c c c 0 c 0 0 Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
3 K. Seekanth Reddy 3 D j c Acos t B t c c c Acos t Bsn t c t 0; c A Bcos t. c c c(0 ) By applyng ntal conons c c B B c c c(0 ) c d c then By substtutng these alues n c ( t) cos t I Z sn t (5) c ( t) ( I I ) I cos t sn t (6) mn Z ( t) I (7) mn ( t) 0 (8) c The esonant peod s t C The esonant mpedance s Z (9) (0) C esonant capacto C s dschaged though the esonant path C.At the end of ths mode the esonant capacto C s equal to zeo. The coespondng equatons ae gen by (5)-(8) ( t t t ) Mode 3 3 At the begnnng of ths mode, the esonant capacto C has been dschaged fully; the esonant capacto oltage becomes zeo. Then the dodes D and D ae tuned on, also the ant-paallel-dodes of the H-Bdge netes swtches S3, S4, S5 and S6 ae tuned on. At that tme the PWM sgnal of man swtch s emoed wth zeo-oltage-conon. In ths nteal, the man nducto cuent s shown as (). = d. = d = Integatng on both sde c max n n n ( t) I ( t) t () ( t) I () ( t) 0 c n (3) ( t) 0 (4) ( t t t ) Mode At mode 3, the cuent flow nto the ant-paallel-dodes of swtches S3, S4, S5 and S6 unde zeo oltage. At that tme, the tun-on sgnal s gen to the two swtches S3, S6 of H- bdge nete. Needless to say, the two swtches S4, S5 ae tuned on aleady n adance fo the cuents flow though the 4 swtches n ths mode. ( t) I cos t (5) ( t3) ( t) Z. I.sn t (6) c ( t3) n ( t) I ( t3). t c (7) ( t) 0 (8) The esonant peods t C The esonant mpedances Z C (9) (0) Theefoe the 4 swtches of H-bdge nete can be tuned on n zeo-oltage-conon. Also due to the on state of the all nete swtches, feewheelng cuent flows though the nete stage. In ths secton, esonant nducto and esonant capacto C stat esonance. When the cuent of s equal to zeo, the esonant nducto has no enegy and ths mode s fnshed. The coespondng equatons ae gen by (5)-(8) ( t t t ) Mode In mode 4, the feewheelng cuent flows a nete stage and the cuent of becomes zeo. Ths means the total enegy of esonant nducto s tansfeed to esonant capacto C. Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
4 K. Seekanth Reddy 4 n ( t) I ( t4). t () c ( t3) ( t3) ( t) Z. I.cos t () ( t) I.sn t c (3) ( t) 0 (4) t Z C C (5) (6) At the same tme C has been fully chaged by the enegy tansfeed fom. Afte that, the esonant capacto C supples the enegy to the oppostely n mode 5. The esonant path s Composed of D-C-. When the capacto oltage c s equal to zeo, ths mode s fnshed. The elated equatons ae epesented as () ~ (4), the esonant peod and mpedance equatons ae same to (9) and (0). ( t t t ) Mode In mode 6, the nducto cuent flows contnuously though the ant-paallel-dode of swtch S. The swtches of H-bdge nete hae zeo-oltage conon, theefoe the swtches S4, S5 can be tuned off n zeo-oltage-conon (ZC). At the end of mode 6, the feewheelng cuent s stopped due to the tun off sgnals of nete swtches. The coespondng equatons ae gen by (7)-(30). n ( t) I ( t5). t (7) c mn ( t) I (8) c ( t) 0 (9) ( t) 0 (30) ( t t t ) Mode When the PWM sgnal of H-bdge nete swtches S4, S5 ae stopped, ths mode begns. The man nducto tansfes the enegy to the load dung mode 7. The esonant capacto C s chaged by esonance wth esonant nducto. When the esonant capacto C s chaged fully, ths mode s fnshed. The equatons elated wth mode 7 ae as followng. ( t) ( I I ) ( I I I ).cos t (3) max max mn ( t) ( I I I ). Z.sn t (3) c max mn ( t) I max c (33) ( t) 0 (34) ( t t t ) Mode Afte the esonant capacto C s chaged fully, ths mode stats. In ths mode, the DC-lnk capacto s chaged and the esonant nducto s completely dschaged. Then the esonant Inducto cuent becomes zeo at the end of ths secton. Also, the load s suppled the enegy fom nput souce, man nducto and esonant nducto. The man and esonant nducto cuent equatons ae gen by (35) and (36). ( t) I - ( - ).t (35) max n ( t) I. t (36) ( t7) ( t) c c (37) ( t) 0 (38) ( t t t ) Mode Ths mode begns afte the esonant nducto dschaged the enegy totally. On the fst half of the mode 9, the man nducto cuent s deceased lnealy and tansfeed the enegy to the DC-lnk capacto and the load. But on the second half of the mode 9, the DC-lnk capacto s dschaged. Because of that, the load cuent can be constant despte deceasng of the man nducto cuent. The coespondng equatons ae ( t) I - ( - ).t (39) ( t8) n ( t) 0 (40) ( t) (4) c c ( t) 0 (4) Among of the 8 modes n one cycle, we hae analyzed only 9 modes n half cycle.. SIMUATION RESUTS Fo ths, the nput oltage s 00, the conete swtchng fequency s 30 khz and the nete swtchng fequency s 5 khz Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
5 K. Seekanth Reddy 5 Fg. 6 The oltage and the cuent waefoms of swtch S The Fg. 6 shows waefoms of auxlay swtch cuent and oltage when the swtch s tuned on and off. The Fg. 7 shows the oltage and cuent waefoms of the H-bdge nete swtch S3 adapted to the poposed boost conete at tuns on and off. Fg. 4 PWM sgnals and waefoms of the capactos oltage, of esonant nducto and man nducto. cuents In ode to efy the aly of poposed system, t s smulated usng the MATAB / SIMUINK Softwae. g, g, g3 and g4 ae the swtch PWM sgnals, and ae man nducto cuent and esonant nducto cuent and c, and c ae the oltages of esonant capactos espectely n fgue 4 Fg. 7 The oltage and the cuent waefoms of swtch S3.. Fg. 5 The oltage and the cuent waefoms of swtch S and oltage waefoms at the swtchng ponts. Befoe the esonant swtch S and H-Bdge nete swtches S3, S4, S5 and S6 tuns on, the ant-paallel dodes ae tuned on. Theefoe, the swtches S3, S4, S5 and S6 ae capable of ZS. Futhemoe, when the esonant swtch S s tuned off, the esonant capacto C make the swtch S can be tuned off n ZS.. Fg. 8 The oltage and the cuent waefoms of swtch S5 The Fg.8 shows the oltage and cuent waefoms of the H-bdge nete swtch S5 adapted to the poposed boost conete at tuns on and off. The swtchng loss of the powe semconducto deces can be calculated by usng the equaton Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
6 K. Seekanth Reddy 6 Swtchng loss.. I. F. t t t ccut tun on tme, c( on) t c( off ) F I s 0 0 ccut tun off tme, swtchng fequency, put oltage, put cuent 0 0 s c( on) c( off ) The swtchng loss of the man swtch s 0.8W and the auxlay swtch s 0.W. I. CONCUSION In ths pape, a new soft swtchng boost conete s poposed usng auxlay swtch and esonant ccut. Auxlay swtch pefoms soft swtchng n zeo oltage by esonant capacto and nducto, and the Swtches of the H- Bdge nete ae capable of ZS usng esonant nducto o capacto o ant-paallel-dodes of the swtches. The poposed system s analyzed n detal mathematcally, the swtchng losses ae ey less and ts aly has been confmed though the smulaton. REFERENCES [] M. K. Kazmezuk and D. Czakowsk, Resonant Powe Conetes, New Yok: Wley, 995. [] Doo-Young Jung, Young-Hook Jb, Jae-Hung Km, Chung- Yuen Won and Yong-Chae Jung, Soft swtchng boost conete fo photooltac powe geneaton system, Powe Electoncs and Moton Contol Confeence 008. EPE- PEMC th, pp , Septembe. 008 [3] G. Hua, X. Yang, Y. Jang, and F.C. ee, Noel zeocuent-tanston PWM conete, IEEE Powe Electoncs Specalst Conf. Rec., pp. 538~544, 993. [4] D. M. Dan and G.. Skbnsk, Zeo swtchng loss netes fo hgh powe applcatons", n IEEE-IAS Annual Conf. Rce. lg87, pp [5] J. A. Bassett, New zeo oltage swtchng hgh fequency boost conete topology fo powe facto coecton, n Poc. IEEE-INTEEC Conf., Oct. 995, pp Intenatonal Jounal of Emegng Tends n Electcal and Electoncs (IJETEE ISSN: ) ol. 7, Issue., Sep-03.
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