HIGH FREQUENCY BOOST CONVERTER EMPLOYING SOFT SWITCHING AUXILIARY RESONANT CIRCUIT

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1 HIGH FREQUENCY BOOST CONERTER EMPOYING SOFT SWITCHING AUXIIARY RESONANT CIRCUIT G. NARESH GOUD, Y.AKSHMI DEEPA, 3 G.DII BABU, 4 P.RAJASEKHAR & 5 N.GANGADHER Abstact - A new soft-swtchng boost convete s poposed n ths pape. The conventonal boost convete geneates swtchng losses at tun ON and OFF, and ths causes a educton n the whole system s effcency. The poposed boost convete utlzes a soft swtchng method usng an auxlay ccut wth a esonant nducto and capacto, auxlay swtch, and dodes. Theefoe, the poposed soft-swtchng boost convete educes swtchng losses moe than the conventonal had-swtchng convete. The effcency, whch s about 9% n had swtchng, nceases to about 97% n the poposed soft-swtchng convete. In ths pape, the pefomance of the poposed soft-swtchng boost convete s vefed though the theoetcal analyss, smulaton, and expemental esults. I. INTRODUCTION RECENTY, swtch-mode powe supples have become smalle and lghte due to hghe swtchng fequency.howeve, hghe swtchng fequency causes lots of peodc losses at tun ON and tun OFF, esultng n nceasng losses of the whole system. Theefoe, many convetes have been pesented that use esonance to educe swtchng losses. Many eseaches usng esonance have pesented a zeo-voltage and zeo-cuent swtchng (ZZCS) convete that pefoms zeo-voltage swtchng (ZS) and zeo-cuent swtchng (ZCS) smultaneously. Howeve, the auxlay ccut fo esonance nceases the complexty of the ccut, as well as ts cost. Fo some esonant convetes wth an auxlay swtch, the man swtch enables soft swtchng, whle the auxlay swtch pefoms had swtchng. These convetes cannot mpove the whole system s effcency owng to the swtchng losses of the auxlay swtch. Anewsoft-swtchng boost convete wth an auxlay swtch and esonant ccut s poposed n ths pape. The esonant ccut conssts of a esonant nducto, two esonant capactos, two dodes, and an auxlay swtch. The esonant capacto s dschaged befoe the man swtch s tuned ON and the cuent flows though the body dode. These esonant components make a patal esonant path fo the man swtch to pefom soft swtchng unde the zeovoltage condton usng the esonant ccut. mpaed wth othe soft-swtchng convetes, the poposed convete mpoves the whole system s effcency by educng swtchng losses bette than othe convetes at the same fequency. In ths pape, some smulaton esults ae pesented fo a 400-W, 00-kHz pototype boost convete usng MOSFET. Then, expemental esults ae pesented to vefy the steady-state opeatonal pncple of the poposed ccut. Addtonally, theoetcal analyses ae pesented. II. OW-OSS SOFT-SWITCHING BOOST CONERTER A. nfguaton of the Poposed Soft- SwtchngBoost nvete The poposed convete s shown n Fg.. The man swtch (S ) and the auxlay swtch (S ) of the poposed ccut enable soft swtchng though an auxlay swtchng block, consstng of an auxlay swtch, two esonant capactos (C and C ), a esonant nducto ( ), and two dodes (D and D ). B. Opeatonal Analyss of the Poposed nvete The opeatonal pncple of the poposed convete can be dvded nto nne modes. Fo smple analyss of each mode of the poposed convete, the followng assumptons ae made. ) All swtchng devces and passve elements ae deal. ) The nput voltage (n ) s constant. 3) The output voltage (o) s constant. (Output capacto s lage enough.) 4) The ecovey tme of all dodes s gnoed. Fg. shows Equvalent ccut schemes of the opeaton modes n the poposed convete. And Fg. 3 shows the key wavefoms of opeaton modes. Fg. Poposed Ccut Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0 9

2 Hgh Fequency Boost nvete Employng Soft Swtchng Auxlay Resonant Ccut III. MODES OF OPERATION Mode (t0 t < t): All of the swtches ae tuned OFF. The accumulated enegy of the man nducto () tansfes the load though the man dode (Do ). In ths mode, the man dode (Do ). In ths mode, the man nducto voltage and cuent ae epesented by () and (), and usng these equatons, the nducto cuent can be expessed as (3). Dung ths tme, the esonant nducto cuent s zeo, and the esonant capacto (C ) has been chaged to the output voltage and the esonant, v (t)= n - o (t) () t = (t) m to v = 0 9 m dt...() n-o [t- t ]+I( t ) (3) (t)=0, C (t)=o, C (t)=o...(4) Mode (t t < t ): When the auxlay swtch tuns ON, mode begns. Afte tunng ON the auxlay swtch, the esonant nducto cuent begns to ncease lnealy fom zeo. When the esonant nducto cuent ( ) s equal to the man nducto cuent at t, mode completes and the esonant nducto voltage equals the output voltage. Thus, the esonant nducto cuent s expessed by (5). The man nducto cuent deceases and, at the end of ths mode, the man nducto cuent s equal to the mnmum, as defned by (6). t = (t) 0 = t 0 (t)= I mn v dt (t-t)..(5).(6) Mode 3 (t t < t3 ): Immedately afte the esonant nducto cuent and man nducto cuent have equalzed, the man dode s tuned OFF. The esonant capacto C and the esonant nducto stat the esonance, then the esonant capacto C s dschaged though esonant path C and. Afte fnshng the esonance, the esonant capacto voltage s equal to zeo. Mode 3 completes at t3. At t, the esonant nducto voltage s equal to the output voltage. Thus, the tme nteval fo the two cuents to equalze afte t s detemned by (7). The esonant nducto cuent s the sum of the man nducto and esonant cuent, and s expessed by (8). The esonant capacto C voltage s chaged, as expessed by (9). Dung ths mode, the esonant mpedance and angula fequency ae gven by Z and ω t=i/((o/))..(7) 0 (s)ω (t)= (s)+ mn Z ( + ) S ω.(8) (t)= s( ω (t-t) ) C 0..(9) =... Z.., ω = C *C..(0) Mode 4 (t3 t < t4 ): As soon as the esonant capacto (C ) voltage has eached zeo, the body dode of man swtch s tuned ON natually. In ths case, the man swtch voltage s equal to zeo and the tun-on sgnal s gven to the man swtch unde the zeo-voltage condton. In ths mode, the man nducto voltage s equal to the nput voltage. Thus, the man nducto cuent s expessed by (). Afte the esonance n mode 3, the esonant nducto cuent s constant. The esonant capacto (C ) voltage has been stongly dschaged n mode 3. Theefoe, the esonant capacto voltage s zeo n (t)= + (t-t3) mn m () (t)=0, C = 0 () C Mode 5 (t4 t < t5 ): In mode 4, the man swtch tuns ON unde the zeo-voltage condton. When the auxlay swtch s tuned OFF fo the same condton, mode 5 begns. In ths stage, the esonant nducto and esonant capacto (C) stat the esonance. Afte the quatewave esonance of and C, the cuent of s zeo. Mode 5 s complete and C has been fully chaged by the esonance. In ths mode, the esonant nducto cuent can be expessed as (3). In addton, the esonant mpedance and angula fequency ae gven by Za and ωa (t)= (t3) s( (t-t4)) ωa.(3) ωa=/ Za=.(4) Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0 0

3 Hgh Fequency Boost nvete Employng Soft Swtchng Auxlay Resonant Ccut Mode 6 (t5 t < t6 ): Afte mode 5 completes, the cuent flow of the esonant nducto eveses and the next stage stats. In mode 6, a evese esonance of and C though the man swtch and D occus. When the C voltage has eached zeo by esonance, the esonance of and C s complete and the C voltage s zeo.dung modes 5 and 6, the esonant capacto voltage s chaged and dschaged, accodng to (5). Thus, the esonant capacto voltage (vc ) fo each pont of tme s expessed by (6) (t3) (t-t4) (t)= Sn( ω ) a C Z a..(5) C (t5)=z a Mode 7 (t6 t < t7 ):.. C (t6)=0.(6) Afte thec voltage has eached zeo, the body dode of the auxlay swtch s tuned ON. The cuent flows though the feewheelng path of the body dode the esonant nducto the man swtch. By the pulsewdth modulaton (PWM) algothm, when the man swtch s tuned OFF, ths mode s complete. In ths nteval, the magntude of the esonant nducto cuent s equal at t3. Howeve, the cuent flow s evesed. In ths mode, the man and auxlay nducto cuents ae as follows: n (t)= (t)+ (t-t3) mn.(7) (t)=- (t3). (8) swtchng cycle stats. In ths mode, the man nducto cuent and esonant nducto cuent ae gven by the followng: (t)= (t7)+ mn (t)= 0 * 0 n * t t (t3)..() () Mode:(t0 t < t) Do Do Mode 8 (t7 t < t8 ): When the man swtch s tuned OFF unde the zeo-voltage condton, mode 8 stats. The sum of the two nducto cuents s the chagng cuent of the esonant capacto C n ths mode. When the esonant capacto (C ) voltage s equal to the output voltage, ths mode s completed. Because the two nducto cuents chage the esonant capacto C, the esonant nducto cuent s expessed by (9), and (0) epesents the zeo-voltage condton S (t) = (t7 ) { (t7) + (t3 )} cos ω t..(9) Mode: (t t < t) Z{(t7)+(t3)}>o.(0) Mode 9 (t8 t < t9 ): At t8, the esonant capacto C has been chaged and the man dode voltage s zeo. Theefoe, the man dode tuns ON unde the zeovoltage condton and the esonant nducto cuent deceases lnealy towad zeo. Afte the cuent has eached zeo, mode9 completes and the next Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0

4 Hgh Fequency Boost nvete Employng Soft Swtchng Auxlay Resonant Ccut S C S C D Mode: 3 (t t < t3) Mode: 7( t7 t < t8) D S D C M ode: 4(t3 t < t4) Mode: 8 (t8 t < t9) S C D Do Mode: 5 (t4 t < t5) D S C D Mode: 9 (t9 t < t0) Mode: 6 (t6 t < t7) Fg: Modes of Opeaton Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0

5 Hgh Fequency Boost nvete Employng Soft Swtchng Auxlay Resonant Ccut ddsdas Fg4: gs and s Fg3: Expected Wavefoms TABE I PARAMETERS OF THE PROPOSED CIRCUIT PARAMETER SYMBO AUE INPUT OTAGE DC 50 OUTPUT OTAGE O 00 SWITCHING F 00KHz FREQUENCY RESONANT INDUCTOR 6.5µH RESONANT C nf CAPACITOR RESONANT CAPACITOR C 6.5nF Fg5:Cuent acoss swtch S, Is I. SIMUATION RESUTS In ths pape the poposed convete s smulated by ORCAD 6.5 softwae. The smulaton was pefomed unde a 00-kHz swtchng fequency and a 50- nput voltage. Fgs. 4 and 5 show the smulaton wavefoms of the man gate voltage and voltage acoss swtch S and cuent, flowng though t espectvely. Befoe the man swtch s tuned ON, the body dode s tuned ON. As a esult, the man swtch enables zeo-voltage swtchng and the auxlay swtch pefoms soft swtchng. Fg 6 shows that output voltage o and output cuent Io. Fg6: Output cuent Io and Output oltage o Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0 3

6 Hgh Fequency Boost nvete Employng Soft Swtchng Auxlay Resonant Ccut REFERENCES [] G. Hua, C.-S. eu, Y. Jang, and F. C. Y. ee, Novel zeovoltagetanston PWM convetes, IEEE Tans. Powe Electon., vol. 9, no., pp. 3 9, Ma [] G. Hua, E. X. Yang, Y. Jang, and F. C. Y. ee, Novel zeocuenttanston PWM convetes, IEEE Tans. Powe Electon., vol. 9, no. 6, pp , Nov [3] H. Bodu and A. F. Bakan, A new ZT-ZCT-PWM DC-DC convete, IEEE Tans. Powe Electon., vol. 9, no. 3, pp , May 004. [4] H. Bodu and A. F. Bakan, A new ZT-PWM DC-DC convete, IEEE Tans. Powe Electon., vol. 7, no., pp , Jan. 00. [5] S. S. Saha, B. Majumda, T. Halde, and S. K. Bswas, New fully softswtched boost-convete wth educed conducton losses, n Poc. Powe Electon. Dve Syst. 005 Int. nf., Jan., 006, vol., pp. 07. [6] N. Jan, P. K. Jan, and G. Joos, A zeo voltage tanston boost convete employng a soft swtchng auxlay ccut wth educed conducton losses, IEEE Tans. Powe Electon., vol. 9, no., pp , Jan [7] B. R. n and J. J. Chen, Analyss and mplementaton of a soft swtchng convete wth hgh-voltage conveson aton, IET Powe Electon. vol., no. 3, pp , Sep [8]. Jong-Jae, K. Jung-Mn, K. Eung-Ho, and K. Bong-Hwan, Dual sees esonant actve clamp convete, IEEE Tans. Ind. Electon., vol. 55, no., pp , Feb [9] X. Wu, J. Zhang, X. Ye, and Z. Qan, Analyss and devatons fo a famly ZS convete based on a new actve clamp ZS cell, IEEE Tans. Ind. Electon., vol. 55, no., pp , Feb [0] D. W. Enng and A. R. Hefne, J., IGBT model valdaton fo softswtchng applcatons, IEEE Tans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, no., pp , Ma./Ap. 00. [] S.-R. Pak, S.-H. Pak,C.-Y.Won, andy.-c. Jung, owloss soft swtchng boost convete, n Poc. 3th Powe Electon. Moton ntol nf 008, Sep. 008, pp Intenatonal Jounal of Electcal and Electoncs Engneeng (IJEEE), ISSN (PRINT): ol- Iss-4, 0 4

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