On Rake Reception of Ultra Wideband Signals over Multipath Channels from Energy Capture Perspective

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "On Rake Reception of Ultra Wideband Signals over Multipath Channels from Energy Capture Perspective"

Transcription

1 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER PAPER Specia Section on Utra Wideband Systems On Rake Reception of Utra Wideband Signas over Mutipath Channes from Energy Capture Perspective Mohammad Azizur RAHMAN a), Student Member, Shigenobu SASAKI, Jie ZHOU, and Hisakazu KIKUCHI, Members SUMMARY Performance of Rake reception of Utra Wideband (UWB) signas is evauated from energy capture perspective. In addition to ordinary a Rake (ARake) and seective Rake (SRake) receivers which are considered in conventiona spread spectrum communications, we introduce optimum ARake and SRake receivers which incude the estimation of deay of the combining mutipaths. Impact of puse-width is discussed on their performances considering the reationship between puse-width and fading. Time hopping M-ary puse position moduation (TH-MPPM) and binary phase shift keying (TH-BPSK) are considered as moduation schemes. Extensive simuation resuts are presented showing the performances of the Rakes introduced using IEEE a UWB channe modes (CM1 to CM3). Performance of MPPM is shown for various vaues of M and moduation parameters. The impact of puse-width is iustrated mainy using BPSK. It is shown that the tota energy capture (i.e. by ARake) strongy depends on the puse-width, and the shorter the puse-width the more is the amount. The energy capture aso varies a ot for empoying either optimum or ordinary Raking method. Energy capture by SRake additionay strongy depends on the number of combined paths unti the number is 20 for optimum SRake and 10 for ordinary SRake; however, afterwards saturating effects are seen. Severa aspects regarding the performance versus compexity issue of Rake receivers are aso discussed. key words: utra wideband, mutipath, Rake reception, energy capture, puse-width 1. Introduction Utra Wideband (UWB) technoogy has been one of the most promising new technoogies for wireess communications [1]. Athough there are severa aternatives to design UWB systems, in this work we are interested in time hopping (TH) impuse radio (IR) UWB communications [2]. One of the most attractive features of the UWB signas is identified as their better mutipath resovabiity [3]. It is known that Rake receivers that are often empoyed in conventiona spread spectrum communications are attractive soutions in UWB communications over mutipath channes as we [4], [5]. Throughout this paper we use correation type Rake receivers [4] that use a reference signa consisting of puses matched with an isoated received puse. An a Rake (ARake) is one that coects a possibe Manuscript received August 23, Manuscript revised December 3, Fina manuscript received May 18, The authors are with the Department of Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering, Niigata University, Niigata-shi, Japan. Presenty, with the Department of Information and Communications, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technoogy, China. a) E-mai: aziz@teecom0.eng.niigata-u.ac.jp DOI: /ietfec/e88 a resoved mutipaths and combines the energy by maxima ratio combining (MRC) [6], [7]. However, there exist hundreds of resoved mutipaths for UWB systems. Aso, the number of resovabe paths increases with communication distance and bandwidth [3]. As a consequence, ARake reception wi cost unacceptabe compexity though the performance improvement is expected. As a compromise between performance and compexity, the concept of seective Rake (SRake) receiver has evoved in iterature [3], [6], [7]. SRake combines L c paths which has the first to the L c th argest magnitude out of a resoved paths L(L c < L) by MRC. In conventiona Rake type receivers, each correator is paced at each integer mutipe of the puse-width. ARake and SRake receivers that foow this method, we ca them ordinary a Rake (Or ARake) andordinary seective Rake (Or SRake) receiver respectivey. In UWB communications, puse waveform is not radiated continuousy, but at some time during the puse repetition interva. Additionay, mutipaths are not usuay received at deays that are mutipes of puse-width. It offers another option for Rake reception of UWB signas by estimating the deays of the mutipaths. System performance depends on the fraction of energy that can be captured by the Rake receiver [5]. If the estimation of optima deays of the mutipaths is avaiabe in spite of increasing compexity, it is suggested that more energy coud be captured by Rake receiver [3], [5]. ARake and SRake receivers that estimate the best deays and pace the correators at those deays, we ca them optimum a Rake (Op ARake) and optimum seective Rake (Op SRake) receiver respectivey. Athough the concept of optimum ARake and SRake woud be an attractive soution to fight mutipath fading, no performance comparison with ordinary Rake has been carried out yet either for ARake or SRake. Because the UWB channe is very frequency seective, the channe response shoud be highy dependent on the width of the puse transmitted. The amount of fading experienced by the signa shoud depend on the puse-width and so as the performances of the Rake receivers. However, many of previous works on Rake reception of UWB signas were mainy based on specific puse-width [3], [5], [8] [16]. Additionay, there have been no previous papers considering both ordinary and optimum Rakes discussing the performance versus compexity trade-off in reaistic UWB channes. In this paper, we discuss the effects of empoying or- Copyright c 2005 The Institute of Eectronics, Information and Communication Engineers

2 2340 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER 2005 dinary and optimum methods of Raking, puse-width variations and various moduation schemes on the performance of the above-mentioned Rake receivers over reaistic UWB channe modes to answer many previousy unanswered questions described above [17]. We consider time hopping M-ary PPM (TH-MPPM) incuding both overapped and orthogona signa set for MPPM [8] and TH-binary phase shift keying (TH-BPSK). First, we present a genera framework on cacuating error probabiities for the above-mentioned signaing schemes over mutipath channes. Then, we discuss the effect of puse-width on fading from the view point of indoor channe statistics. Finay, we present extensive simuation resuts using IEEE a UWB channe modes (CM1 to CM3) [18] investigating the effects of fading due to non ine of sight (NLOS) reception and increase in communication distance. We present error performances of the Rakes introduced and discuss severa aspects of performance versus compexity issue of Rake receiver considering severa points incuding the effect of puse-width from energy capture perspective. Our paper is organized as foows. In the next section we describe the signaing scheme, the receivers considered and derive the error probabiities. In Sect. 3, we discuss the reationship between puse-width and fading experienced over indoor mutipath channes. In Sect. 4, we first present simuation mode and then simuation resuts with reevant discussions. Finay, we concude in Sect. 5. It is assumed that each frame is subdivided into N c equay spaced chips giving, T f = N c T c, and symbo duration T s = N s T f. It is further assumed that δ M 1 + T p T c. The user dependent TH code C (k) j is a random number uniform over {0, 1,...,N c 1} and has a periodicity equa to N s. The signaing structure of TH-MPPM for an arbitrary user k is shown in Fig. 2. For the MPPM under consideration, it wi be caed orthogona MPPM whie δ i+1 δ i = T p and overapped MPPM, generay speaking, whie δ i+1 δ i < T p, i = 0, 1,, M 2. We consider the we known received monocyce puse shape as shown in Fig. 3. This provides a minimum autocorreation of at deays 0.212T p.ifδ i+1 δ i = 0.212T p, i = 0, 1,, M 2 is paced, it maximizes the Eucidian distance among the MPPM signa sets. It is caed the optimum overapped MPPM [8]. We consider a singe user environment. Hence, eaving the superscript k from now on, the received signa can be given by [9], r d (t) = s d (t) h(t) + n(t) 2. System Mode 2.1 Signas and Channe Mode We consider a TH system, a bock diagram of which is shown in Fig. 1. A transmitted symbo of the k-th user in TH-MPPM system is represented by [2], s (k) d (t) = β d N s 1 Ep j=0 w(t jt f C (k) j T c δ (k) d ), 0 t N s T f (1) Fig. 2 TH-MPPM signas for an arbitrary user k with M = 4, N s = 2, N c = 2 and TH sequence C (k) = {0, 1}. where δ d {δ 0 = 0 <δ 1 <δ 2...<δ M 1 } represent the time shifts that identify the symbo, d represents data that can be any one from a tota of M symbos, d {0, 1, 2,, M 1},β d = 1forad, T f is the frame time, T c is the chip time, C (k) j is the user dependent TH code, N s is the tota number of frames used to represent one symbo, E p is the transmitted energy of each puse and w(t) is the unit energy puse used for UWB communication. Let us assume that the puse-width is T p and the system bandwidth is W 1/T p. Fig. 1 Bock diagram of the system. Fig. 3 Received monocyce puse given by [1 4π{(t T p /2)/τ m } 2 ]exp [( 2π){(t T p /2)/τ m } 2 ] and its normaized autocorreation for T p = ns and τ m = 0.39T p. The minimum correation of occurs at deay = 0.212T p ns.

3 RAHMAN et a.: ON RAKE RECEPTION OF ULTRA WIDEBAND SIGNALS 2341 = N s 1 E p j=0 g(t jt f C j T c δ d ) + n(t) (2) where h(t) is the channe impuse response, n(t) is additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and represents convoution. Note that though the transmitted puse w(t) had unit energy, mutipath profie of the puse g(t) = w(t) h(t) has energy E g = T g g 2 (t)dt, 1, because of path oss. Here 0 T g is the duration of the mutipath profie g(t) known as the maximum deay spread of the channe. 2.2 Receiver Mode At the end of the mutipath channe Rake type receiver is used. The Rake receiver is impemented by using deayed versions of the reference signa ˆv d (t) [4]. The output of the correator corresponding to the -th finger of the Rake receiver can be given by Z d, = + r d (t)ˆv d (t τ )dt, (3) = 0, 1,, L o 1 for each d = 0, 1,, M 1 Note that we need to use M correators [19]. Here L o is the number of paths captured and τ is the deay where the -th correator is paced. For an Or ARake, L o = L or where L or is the tota number of resoved paths by the Or ARake and L or = T g /T p,. being ceiing function. And τ = τ or = T p, = 0, 1, 2,, L or 1. For an Or SRake, L o = L c where L c is the number of combined paths and τ are ocations of the best L c paths from τ or.for an Op ARake, L o = L op where L op is the tota number of resoved paths by the Op ARake. In this case, ocations of the paths τ = τ op, = 0, 1, 2,, L op 1 depend entirey on the channe. In other words, Op ARake paces a its L op paths so as to maximize the captured energy. Op SRake captures L o = L c best paths choosing best L c ocations from τ op.figure 4 shows a simpified representation of the finger (correator) pacement of Or ARake and Op ARake. Note that in ordinary method, finger pacements are simpy T p apart. In optimum method, fingers are first paced in the peaks of the mutipath intensity profie (MIP). Later, the rest of the MIP is covered in such a way that fingers can be paced sighty coser than T p to maximize the captured energy, as ong as the correation is neary zero (see Fig. 3). We assume that the foowing normaized reference signas are empoyed ˆv d (t) = N s 1 j=0 1 Ns w rec (t jt f C j T c δ d ), 0 t N s T f and d = 0, 1,, M 1 (4) where w rec (t) is a unit energy puse that matches we with an isoated received puse. Without oss of generaity, et us consider that symbo 0 is transmitted. The received signa, negecting the transmission deay, can be given by Fig. 4 Pacing the correators for Or ARake and Op ARakeinanarbitrary mutipath intensity profie. Bottom and top arrows denote the positions of the center of the tempate for Or ARake and Op ARake respectivey. r 0 (t) = N s 1 E p j=0 g(t jt f C j T c ) + n(t) (5) Let us define a cross-correation function between g(t) and w rec (t) at deay τ to be [9], α(τ) = + g(t)w rec (t τ)dt (6) Note that α(τ) = 0ifτ T p or τ T g. As a resut (3) can be rewritten as, Z d, = ζα(τ + δ d ) + n d, (7) = 0, 1,, L o 1 for each d = 0, 1,, M 1 where n d, = + n(t)ˆv d(t τ )dt, = 0, 1,, L o 1 for each d = 0, 1,, M 1andζ = N s E p E g. A maxima ratio combiner (MRC) is used to combine the mutipath signas. It is assumed that the MRC can correcty predict the channe parameters: ampitude, phase and deay as needed. So, MRC output per decision hypotheses becomes Z d = L o 1 ζ α(τ )Z d,, d = 0, 1,, M 1 L o 1 = ζ α(τ )α(τ + δ d ) + n d (8) where n d = ζ L o 1 α(τ )n d,, d = 0, 1,, M Error Probabiities Now, from (8) the decision variabe can be written as, M 1 D 0 = Z 0 Z d (9) d=1 Here, D 0 is assumed to be conditionay Gaussian (conditioned on the channe parameters) with mean [4]

4 2342 L o 1 E[D 0 ] = ζ E (0) (10) and variance [4], var[d 0 ] = E[D 2 0 ] E[D 0] 2 which can be rewritten as L o 1 var[d 0 ] = ζn o E (0) (11) E (0) where N o is the one sided AWGN variance and M 1 = α 2 (τ ) α(τ )α(τ + δ i ) (12) i=1 The conditiona probabiity of symbo error (again conditioned on the channe parameters and the symbo 0 is sent) can be given by SEP d = P[D d < 0, symbo d sent] E[D d ] = Q 2 var[d d ] = Q ζ L o 1 E (d) (13) with d = 0whereQ(x) = (2π) 1/2 exp( u 2 /2)du. If x symbo d is transmitted where d = 1, 2,, M 2, simiary, it can be shown that the symbo error probabiity (SEP) is given by (13) with d 1 = α 2 (τ ) α(τ )α(τ (δ d δ i )) E (d) E (d) M 1 i=d+1 i=0 N o α(τ )α(τ + (δ i δ d )) (14) And for symbo M 1, the SEP is given by (13) with M 2 = α 2 (τ ) α(τ )α(τ (δ M 1 δ i )) (15) i=0 where d = M 1. Finay, the average SEP for TH-MPPM is SEP= 1 M 1 SEP d (16) M d=0 Equations (13) and (16) representing SEP for TH- MPPM that uses (12), (14), (15) shown above can be easiy simpified for an AWGN channe as a function of the normaized correation function of an isoated received puse γ(δ) which is given by, γ(δ) = + w rec(t)w rec (t δ),> 1. By assuming M = 2andδ d {(δ 0 = 0) < (δ 1 = δ)} in the above anaysis, the bit error probabiity (BEP) equations for TH-BPPM can be obtained [20]. For TH-BPSK system because puses of opposite signs are used to represent bits 0 and 1, we get β 0 = β 1 and δ 0 = δ 1 = 0 in (1). Foowing simiar procedure as given above, we get equa bit error rate for both 0 and 1 in BPSK given by 2ζ L o 1 α 2 (τ ) BEP BPS K = Q (17) N o IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER Puse-Width vs. Fading In this section we discuss the effects of puse-width on the received channe response and its impact on Rake reception. It is we accepted that increasing spreading bandwidth increases mutipath resovabiity [5] [7]. The energy in the received mutipath profie is received generay through two types of receptions. These are isoated receptions and overapped receptions (i.e. diffused paths). If a singe ray (path) is received during one puse duration, we ca it an isoated path. Isoated paths experience no fading. Ese, if more than one ray is received within one puse duration, we ca those overapped paths. Overapped paths are responsibe for the mutipath fading (ampitude fuctuations). If an impuse is transmitted over a mutipath channe, the received mutipath profie is the impuse response of the channe where a the receptions are received as isoated paths. At reasonaby high SNR, most of the energy present in the channe can be captured by Rake if deay estimation strategy is empoyed. An impuse can be considered to have a puse-width that tends to zero. But as practica communications use wider puses, some paths wi be received as overapped receptions. So, mutipath fading wi exist the amount of which wi depend on the puse-width. It can be understood intuitivey that mutipath resovabiity and hence the fraction of energy that can be captured depends on how the tota number of received mutipaths and their energy content is divided into isoated and overapped receptions. This, in turn, depends on puse-width other than the channe. Recenty doube Poisson process of [21] has been proposed with some modifications for the arrivas of mutipath components in indoor UWB communications [18]. Two Poisson processes have been defined: one for the arriva of (the first component of) custers with average custer arriva rate Λ and another for the arriva of rays within the custers with average ray arriva rate λ [18], [21]. To expore the impact of puse-width variations on the received profie, we assume that rays of any of the previous custers have no effect on the current custer (a reasonabe assumption, especiay in exponentiay decaying power deay profie [18], [21], [22]). Upon this assumption, the approximate probabiity that we wi have at east one reception within an arbitrary short duration of time t is (Λ +λ) t [23]. The probabiity that there wi be no reception within t is simpy 1 (Λ +λ) t. For a puse duration of T p, we assume that there exist S time sots of duration t where S = T p / t (T p is assumed to be divisibe by t). So, after reception of a path at any time, the probabiity that there wi be no new reception for next T p duration is {1 (Λ +λ) t} S. Aso, the probabiity that there was no reception for T p duration before receiving that path is the same {1 (Λ+λ) t} S.So the probabiity of an isoated reception becomes equa to {1 (Λ+λ) t} 2S. An iustration of it is shown in Fig. 5 using Λ=1/43,λ = 2.5, t = 0.01 ns corresponding to IEEE a CM1 of [18] for 0 < T p 2ns.

5 RAHMAN et a.: ON RAKE RECEPTION OF ULTRA WIDEBAND SIGNALS 2343 Tabe 1 Channe modes. Mode LOS/NLOS Distance CM1 LOS 0 4 m CM2 NLOS 0 4 m CM3 NLOS 4 10 m Fig. 5 Probabiities of isoated and overapped receptions vs. pusewidth for Λ=1/43,λ= 2.5, t = 0.01 ns corresponding to IEEE a CM1. 4. Computer Simuations 4.1 Simuation Mode In this section, the ideas deveoped in the previous sections are iustrated by providing extensive simuation exampes. We use IEEE a UWB indoor mutipath channe modes (Tabe 1) for simuations [18], [24]. As we have mentioned earier, IEEE a modes use the modified Saeh-Vaenzuea indoor channe mode [21]. The programs provided in [18] are used to produce the discrete time impuse response with continuous time arriva and ampitude vaues. The impuse response of the i-th reaization can be given by [18], N c N ray h i (t) = X i a i j, δ D(t T i τi j, ) (18) j=0 where δ D is Dirac deta function, {a i j, } are the mutipath gain coefficients, {T i } is the deay of the -th custer, {τi j, } is the deay of the j-th mutipath component (ray) reative to the -th custer arriva time {T i }, {X i} is the og-norma shadowing term, N c is the tota number of custers and N ray is the number of rays in each custer. The main simuation parameters for the simuation process are shown in Tabe 2. The received monocyce puse shape [5], ( ) t T w rec (t) = 1 4π p /2 2 τ m ( ) t T exp ( 2π) p /2 2 τ (19) m as shown in Fig. 3 is used where T p is the puse-width and τ m = 0.39T p. As mentioned in Sect. 2, this provides a minimum correation of at deay τ op = 0.212T p.asa resut, for optimum overapped MPPM we set, δ i = iτ op and Tabe 2 Simuation parameters for each channe mode. N s 1 N c 1 Data Rate 3 Mega symbos/s Moduation BPSK and MPPM ISI and ICI No Receivers Op ARake, Or ARake, Op SRake and Or SRake, MRC T p ns to 4.0 ns Puse Shape Received monocyce for orthogona MPPM, we set δ i = it p, with β i = 1 for both, i = 0, 1, 2,, M 1. For BPSK, δ 0 = δ 1 = 0andβ 0 = β 1. Rake performance is evauated from energy capture perspective [3], [5]. Simpy N s = N c = 1andT s = T f = T c = 333 ns are used. This heps us assume the mutipath components to be uncorreated even for cosey spaced Rake fingers [6], [7]. Our system is assumed to be free from interchip-interference (ICI) and inter-symbo-interference (ISI). In addition, idea channe estimations are assumed avaiabe. Ampitude and phase of each mutipath component are assumed known for Or ARake; and ampitude, phase and deay of each mutipath component are assumed known for Op ARake. Furthermore, for an SRake with L c paths, ocations of L c best paths are assumed known for respective ordinary or optimum method. Received energies are normaized over E g to be abe to make a fair comparison over the channe modes. 4.2 Simuation Resuts and Discussions Performance of ARake A. Performance vs. Puse-Width Figure 6 shows two truncated noise-ess channe responses over CM1 for transmitting unit energy puses of duration ns and 1.0 ns. It can be seen that the use of shorter puse provides more isoated receptions and ess ampitude fuctuations (fading). Figure 7 shows the BEP performance of both types of ARake over CM1 for BPSK. For certain puse-width, Op ARake is found to perform better than Or ARake. At BEP = 10 5,useofOpARake experiences an SNR oss of 0.6 db for using T p = ns whereas 4.35 db for using T p = 2.0 ns as compared to performance in AWGN. The simiar SNR osses for using Or ARake are 6.5dBand 8.5 db respectivey. However, at any specific SNR, the BEP advantage due to the puse-width shortening decreases at ow SNR. This is because, a number of owenergy-paths get submerged beow noise eve whose energies can t be captured.

6 2344 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER 2005 Fig. 6 Truncated noise-ess channe responses over CM1 for transmitting unit energy puses of duration ns (top) and 1.0 ns (bottom). Fig. 9 Statistics of the percentage energy capture per path for Op ARake and Or ARake (CM1, BPSK, T p = 1 ns). Here pdf (eft y-axes) stands for probabiity density function, and cdf (right y-axes) stands for cumuative distribution function = Probabiity {percentage energy capture per path abscissa}. Fig. 7 BEP for ARake in CM1 with BPSK. Fig. 8 Percentage energy capture by ARake in CM1 with BPSK. SNR = 20 db. B. Energy Capture vs. Puse-Width Figure 8 shows the percentage energy capture by ARake vs. puse-width for CM1. BPSK is used as moduation and SNR is set at 20 db. An Op ARake can identify the ocations of the isoated paths and if a reasonaby high SNR is maintained, the energy can be captured amost entirey irrespective of the puse-width. In harmony with the probabiistic prediction presented in the previous section, the net contribution in the tota energy capture from the isoated paths increases exponentiay whie the puse-width is shortened. Percentage energy coming from the overapped paths first increases with puse-width shortening and then starts decreasing. This is because the amount of energy received through overapped paths decreases consideraby whie the puse-width is shortened. The tota energy capturedbyanoparake is the summation of energies from both the isoated and overapped paths that increases monotonicay whie we shorten the puse-width. However, finay sighty diminishing returns are noticed. Note that the tota energy present in the mutipath profie doesn t change that much with puse-width variations [25]. But, the amount of energy that can be captured varies consideraby due to variations in the amount of fading experienced. On the other hand, an Or ARake tries to capture energy bindy by pacing the correator at each mutipe of the puse-width. Since it cannot distinguish between isoated and overapped receptions, most of the received paths experience partia correation and captured energy decreases consideraby as compared with Op ARake. Energy capture increases with puse-width shortening for both Op ARake and Or ARake, but in Or ARake it increases with much sower rate. Additionay, Or ARake output experiences greater diminishing effects much earier. However, the performance difference between Op ARake and Or ARake decreases as the puse-width becomes wider. Figure 9 shows the the probabiity density function (pdf) and cumuative distribution function (cdf) of the percentage energy capture per path for both types of the ARakes in CM1 with T p = 1 ns considering a noise-ess case. It is seen from pdf that the probabiity of receiving

7 RAHMAN et a.: ON RAKE RECEPTION OF ULTRA WIDEBAND SIGNALS 2345 paths containing infinitesimay sma energy is very high, whearas the probabiity of receiving high energy paths decreases. Aso both from pdf and cdf, the maximum energy content of a path is much ower in Or ARake. Here note that in a mutipath profie, the paths (i.e. the correator pacements) are different for ordinary and optimum methods. Furthermore, the energy content per path and the energy that can be captured from that path are different due to fading. C. Performance with MPPM In Figs. 10 and 11 we present average SEP vs. symbo SNR performance of Op ARake and Or ARake in CM1 for optimum overapped and orthogona MPPM respectivey with M = 2, 4 and 8. Symbo energy is kept constant irrespective of the vaue of M. For optimum overapped MPPM (Fig. 10), it is found at ow SNR that the performance becomes sighty better as M is increased. However, mutipe crossovers are seen afterwards as SNR is increased. Curves for wider puse-widths are seen to experience crossovers at Fig. 10 SEP of optimum overapped MPPM with a δ i = 0.212iT p, i = 0, 1, M 1 over CM1 whie ARakes are empoyed. Fig. 11 SEP of orthogona MPPM with δ i = it p, i = 0, 1, 2,, M 1 over CM1 whie ARakes are empoyed. higher SEP and SNR sets. Note that these crossovers appear ony in optimum overapped MPPM, not in orthogona MPPM. In optimum overapped MPPM, the deay between adjacent puses δ i+1 δ i, i = 0, 1,, M 2 is paced where the adjacent puse has the argest Eucidian distance. In this case, puses next to the adjacent puse coud have positive crosscorreation according to Fig. 3. It affects the SEP curves in Fig. 10 and crossovers occur among the curves for different M at midium to high SNR. Additionay, the curves for mutipath take simiar ooking shapes as those for AWGN because the autocorreation property of a mutipath profie doesn t deviate that much from that of a singe puse [3], [16]. For orthogona MPPM (Fig. 11), extensive simuations have shown that if δ i+1 δ i, i = 0, 1,, M 2aresetarger than or equa to the minimum deay beyond which puse autocorreation is zero or negigibe (see Fig. 3), system performance remains amost unchanged. Performance aso remains neary unchanged with variations in the vaue of M, though (12) (15) predicts performance variations with M even when the symbo SNR is fixed. This is again because the mutipath profies are not that much correated and the orthogonaity of the transmitted puses are more or ess reserved [3], [16]. Performance degradation for using MPPM as compared to BPSK doesn t depend on puse-width. The cost incurred in SNR for using optimum overapped MPPM (Fig. 10) rather than using BPSK (Fig. 7) is ess than around 1dBatSEP= The simiar cost for using orthogona MPPM (Fig. 11) is around 2.85 db. D. Performance in Different Channe Modes PerformanceinCM2ascomparedwithCM1woudhep us understand the effects of LOS/NLOS receptions on Rake reception over the same communication distance whereas performance in CM3 woud hep us understand the effects of fading due to distance. Note that [18] doesn t incude path oss mode and hence neither do we. Performances over different CMs are compared under same SNR. Figure 12 shows BEP performance comparisons over CM1,2and3whieOpARake and Or ARake are used. BPSK is considered. Op ARake is found to be more sensitive to fading due to the distance of communication rather than LOS/NLOS receptions over the same distance. Hence, Op ARake performs comparaby over CM1 and CM2. However, performance over CM3 as compared with CM1 experiences an SNR oss of 0.3dBforT p = 0.167ns and 1.0dB for T p = 2 ns at BEP of Or ARake is found to be sensitive to fading due to both NLOS receptions and communication distance. In a LOS channe (such as CM1), there exists a comparativey strong first path (see Fig. 6) that is aways captured by an Or ARake. As a resut, Or ARake performance over CM2 as compared with CM1 experiences an SNR oss of 1.0dB at BEP= 10 5 which seems not to depend on T p. Performance over CM3 experiences a oss of 1.2dBforT p = 0.167ns and 2.2dBfor T p = 2ns.

8 2346 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER 2005 Fig. 12 BEP for Op ARake and Or ARake over CM1, 2 and 3 for T p = ns and 2.0 ns whie BPSK is used as moduation. Fig. 13 Percent energy capture vs. number of seective combined paths L c over CM1, CM2 and CM3. SNR = 20 db and the moduation is BPSK. Tabe 3 Number of paths captured by ARake. (SNR = 20 db, BPSK) (Notation: X represents mean vaue of X) T p (ns) CM1 CM2 CM3 T g = ns T g = 118 ns T g = 203.6ns L or L op L or L op L or L op Performance of SRake A. Energy Capture vs. L c in Different Channe Modes Tabe 3 shows some of the simuation resuts namey mean maximum deay spread and mean number of combined paths by ARake for CM1, CM2 and CM3. The mean number of combined paths heps us reaize the impementation compexity that renders ARake impractica. Figure 13 shows percentage energy capture by Or SRake and Op SRake versus seective combined paths L c in a three channe modes. It s worth noting that the initia rate of increment of the energy capture with L c is the fastest in CM1 and the sowest in CM3 eaving CM2 in between. Interestingy, if SRakes are used, 10 paths of Or SRake and 20 paths of Op SRake can capture most of the energy captured by Or ARake and Op ARake respectivey in a three CMs. However, the energy capture becomes saturated graduay in a cases as L c becomes arge. B. Performance vs. Compexity Figure 14 shows the BEP performance of SRake receivers (L c = 4 & 8) for BPSK. According to the resuts in Fig. 13, the Or SRake resuts experience saturation earier than Op SRake and the rate of increment of energy capture is the fastest whie L c is beow 10 in both cases. So, to be abe to make comparison, we present the resuts of Fig. 14 for L c = 4 and 8. It is seen from the resuts of CM1 in Fig. 14 BEP of Op SRake (L c = 4 and 8) and Or SRake (L c = 4 and 8) in CM1, and Or SRake (L c = 4) in CM2 and 3. The moduation is BPSK. Fig. 14 that if the ocations of the best paths can be estimated optimay, Op SRake can provide considerabe performance improvement as compared to Or SRake with same L c.additionay, Op SRake gains more performance improvement for increasing L c from 4 to 8. Moreover, Op SRake with L c = 4offers better performance than Or ARake. For exampe, from Fig. 7, the required SNR at BEP = 10 5 is 18 db for Or ARake in the case of T p = 2.0 ns. In contrast, from Fig. 14, the required SNR at the same BEP is 14.3 db for Op SRake (L c = 4), which is 3.7 db ower even though the number of combined paths is much smaer than Or ARake. Let s now take a different ook on the matter. Op SRake resuts as presented in Fig. 14, experience considerabe performance degradation as compared with Op ARake performances presented in Fig. 7. But, Or SRake experiences much ess degradation in a simiar comparison with Or ARake. If Rake compexity is simpified, increased SNR woud be necessary to maintain the same BEP performance. This gives us a way to find out the cost incurred in SNR (db) for simpifying Rake compexity at any specific BEP. Some of the resuts are isted in Tabe 4.

9 RAHMAN et a.: ON RAKE RECEPTION OF ULTRA WIDEBAND SIGNALS 2347 Tabe 4 Cost incurred in SNR to simpify Rake compexity. (CM1, BPSK and BEP = 10 5 ) Compicated to Simper Cost in SNR (db) one one T p = T p = T p = 167 ps 1ns 2ns Op ARake Or ARake Op SRake8 Or SRake Op SRake4 Or SRake Op ARake Op SRake Op SRake Or ARake Or SRake Or SRake Tabe 5 Cost incurred in SNR (db) to simpify Or ARake by Or SRake. (L c = 4) (BPSK and BEP = 10 5 ) T p = ns T p = 2.0ns CM (db) 0.24 (db) CM (db) 0.90 (db) CM (db) 1.80 (db) Fig. 15 BEP vs. puse-width for Or SRake (L c = 4) in CM1, 2 and 3. The moduation in BPSK and SNR = 20 db. The cost depends on the puse-width T p. When an ARake is simpified by another ARake of the simper kind, or by an SRake of the same kind, the cost decreases for using wider T p.however,whenanopsrake is simpified by an Or SRake (having the same number of combined paths L c ), there seems to be an optimum T p for which the cost is minimum. A cose inspection on a more detai set of data reveas that the optimum vaue of T p is around 1.0 ns for L c = 8and beow ns for L c = 4. Additionay, the cost in SNR for simpifying an ARake by an SRake depends on the channe mode. Tabe 5 shows some resuts for an Or ARake being simpified by an Or SRake (L c = 4). As the channe mode changes from CM1 to CM2 and to CM3, the cost increases because the tota energy becomes scattered over more number of paths and the power deay profies (PDP) of the channes go a bit fatter [18], [26]. Finay, there is another interesting finding from Tabe 4 that the cost of simpifying an Op SRake (L c = 4) by an Or SRake (L c = 4) is ess than that in simpifying an Op ARake by an Or ARake. Note aso from Fig. 14 that Or SRake (L c = 4) performs quite we over a channe modes as ong as reasonaby high SNR can be maintained. This woud draw attention to Or SRake (L c = 4) because of its impementation simpicity. C. Or SRake Performance vs. Puse-Width In Fig. 15 we present BEP vs. puse-width for communications using Or SRake (L c = 4) over CM1 to 3. SNR is set at 20 db and BPSK is used. Best BEP performances are obtained at puse-widths (i.e. the optimum puse-widths) around 0.2 ns for CM1, 0.3 ns for CM2 and 0.5 ns for CM3. This can be more ceary seen from Fig. 16 that shows a magnified version of Fig. 15. For an SRake with certain L c, wider puses are supposed to suppy more fractiona energy, but they experience more fading. Oppositey, shorter puses though possess ess energy experience ess fading. This trade-off is supposed to provide an optimum pusewidth for UWB communications using SRake [17], [26] Fig. 16 BEP vs. puse-width for Or SRake (L c = 4) in CM1, 2 and 3. The moduation in BPSK and SNR = 20 db. Magnified version of Fig. 15. [28]. The optimum puse-width is defined as the puse-width using which provides the minimum achievabe BEP performance at any specified SNR. However, here for L c = 4, when the puse-width becomes shorter than 1.0 ns, the performance variation is very sma, especiay in CM2 and 3 (see Fig. 15). Finay, it shoud be noted that the optimum pusewidths presented in this paper are soey based on IEEE a channe modes and puse shape as shown in Fig. 3. Use of different puse shapes and different channe modes wi ead to different optimum puse-widths. Note aso that optimum puse-width aso depends on L c, operating SNR, the channe characteristics i.e. maximum deay spread, PDP etc. [26], [27] and antenna characteristics that may modify the puse shape. D. The Guarantee of Performance For practica purposes, especiay for commercia appications, a high guarantee of performance may be desired. Figure 17 presents the cumuative distribution function (cdf) curves for BEP of Or SRake (L c = 4) in CM1, 2 and 3. SNR

10 2348 IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS, VOL.E88 A, NO.9 SEPTEMBER 2005 References Fig. 17 Cumuative distribution curves of BEP for Or SRake (L c = 4) in CM1, 2 and 3. The moduation in BPSK and SNR = 20 db. is set at 20 db and BPSK is used. Figure 17 can be used to obtain the BEP at any specific desired guarantee eve. For exampe, Fig. 16 shows the average BEP of Or SRake (L c = 4) to be around for T p = 0.2ns(whichis the optimum vaue) in CM1. However from Fig. 17, we may take a further decision that in CM1, at 20 db SNR, BEP of or ess is guaranteed with a probabiity of 90% for the same puse-width. 5. Concusions Performance of ordinary and optimum Rake receiver have been investigated in TH-MPPM and TH-BPSK UWB communications. The SEP have been derived and those resuts have been used to simuate the performance of Rake reception of UWB signas over reaistic mutipath channes. The performances of various Rake receivers were compared for severa moduation schemes and puse-width over various channe modes. The puse-width has been identified as an important system parameter that, in genera, affects Rake performance. Optimum Rakes have been shown to perform better than the ordinary counterpart, because the estimation of path deay brings more fractiona energy capture. It has been shown that if the path deay estimation is avaiabe in spite of increasing system compexity, Op SRake with ony 4pathsoffers better performance than Or ARake. However, from performance vs. compexity trade-off point of view, Or SRake may appear to be attractive. Acknowedgments This work was supported in part by the Grant-in-Aid for scientific research (No ) of JSPS, Internationa Communication Foundation (ICF) and Union Too Schoarship Foundation of Japan. Graduate studies of Mr. Rahman are funded by the Government of Japan under the Monbukagakusho schoarship program. [1] D. Porcino and W. Hirt, Utra-wideband radio technoogy: Potentia and chaenges ahead, IEEE Commun. Mag., vo.41, no.7, pp.66 74, Juy [2] R.A. Schotz, Mutipe access with time-hopping impuse moduation, Proc. MILCOM, vo.2, pp , Boston, MA, Oct [3] M.Z. Win and R.A. Schotz, Characterization of utra-wide bandwidth wireess indoor channes: A communication-theoretic view, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.20, no.9, pp , Dec [4] J.G. Proakis, Digita Communications, 4th ed., McGraw Hi, New York, [5] M.Z. Win and R.A. Schotz, On the energy capture of utrawide bandwidth signas in dense mutipath environments, IEEE Commun. Lett., vo.2, no.9, pp , Sept [6] M.Z. Win and Z.A. Kostic, Impact of spreading bandwidth on Rake reception in dense mutipath channes, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.17, no.10, pp , Oct [7] M.Z. Win, G. Chrisikos, and N.R. Soenberger, Performance of Rake reception in dense mutipath channes: Impications of spreading bandwidth and seection diversity order, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.18, no.8, pp , Aug [8] F. Ramirez-Mirees, M.Z. Win, and R.A. Schotz, Signa seection for the indoor wireess impuse radio channe, Proc. 47th VTC 1997, vo.3, pp , May [9] J.D. Choi and W.E. Stark, Performance of utra-wideband communications with suboptima receivers in mutipath channes, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.20, no.9, pp , Dec [10] D. Cassioi, M.Z. Win, F. Vataaro, and A.F. Moisch, Performance of ow-compexity Rake reception in a reaistic UWB channe, Proc. ICC 2002, vo.2, pp , Apri/May [11] A. Rajeswaran, V.S. Somayazuu, and J.R. Foerster, Rake performance for a puse based UWB system in a reaistic UWB indoor channe, Proc. ICC 2003, vo.4, pp , [12] B. Mieczarek, M.O. Wessman, and A. Svensson, Performance of coherent UWB Rake receivers using different channe estimators, Proc. IWUWBS 2003, CD ROM, June [13] J. Zhang, R.A. Kennedy, and T.D. Abhayapaa, Performance of Rake reception of utra wideband signas in a ognorma-fading channe, Proc. IWUWBS 2003, CD ROM, June [14] H. Sheng, A.H. Haimovich, A.F. Moisch, and J, Zhang, Optimum combining for time hopping impuse radio UWB Rake receivers, Proc. UWBST 2003, pp , Nov [15] F. Ramirez-Mirees, M.Z. Win, and R.A. Schotz, Performance of utra-wideband time-shift-moduated signas in the indoor wireess impuse radio channe, Proc Asiomar Conf., pp , [16] S. de Rivaz, B. Denis, J. Keignart, M. Pezzin, N. Daniee, and D. Morche, Performances anaysis of a UWB receiver using compex processing, Proc. UWBST 2003, pp , Nov [17] M.A. Rahman, S. Sasaki, J. Zhou, S. Muramatsu, and H. Kikuchi, Performance evauation of Rake reception of utra wideband signas over mutipath channes from energy capture perspective, Proc. Joint UWBST and IWUWBS 2004, pp , May [18] J. Foerster, Channe modeing sub-committee report fina, IEEE P /368r5-SG3a, Dec [19] J.M. Wozencraft and I.M. Jacobs, Principes of Communication Engineering, John Wiey, [20] L. Ge, G. Yue, and S. Affes, On the BER performance of puse-position-moduation UWB radio in mutipath channes, Proc. UWBST 2002, pp , May [21] A.A.M. Saeh and A. Vaenzuea, A statistica mode for indoor mutipath propagation, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.sac-5, no.2, pp , Feb [22] J. Foerster and Q. Li, UWB channe contribution from Inte, IEEE

11 RAHMAN et a.: ON RAKE RECEPTION OF ULTRA WIDEBAND SIGNALS 2349 P /279r0-SG3a, March [23] R.C. Larson and A.R. Odoni, Urban Operations Research, chapter 2, Prentice-Ha, New Jersey, 1981, avaiabe at or book/www/book. [24] A.F. Moisch, J.R. Foerster, and M. Pedergrass, Channe modes for utrawideband persona area networks, IEEE Wire. Commun., vo.10, no.6, pp.14 21, Dec [25] T.S. Rappaport, Wireess Communications: Principes and Practice, section , Prentice Ha, New Jersey, [26] M.A. Rahman, S. Sasaki, J. Zhou, S. Muramatsu, and H. Kikuchi, Evauation of seective Rake receiver in direct sequence utra wideband communications, IEICE Trans. Fundamentas, vo.e87-a, no.7, pp , Juy [27] W.C. Lau, M.S. Aouini, and M.K. Simon, Optimum spreading bandwidth for seective Rake reception over Rayeigh fading channes, IEEE J. Se. Areas Commun., vo.19, no.6, pp , June [28] D. Cassioi, M.Z. Win, and A.F. Moisch, Effects of spreading bandwidth on the performance of UWB Rake receivers, Proc. ICC 2003, vo.5, pp , Mohammad Azizur Rahman received his Bacheor s degree in Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering (EEE) in August 2001 from Bangadesh University of Engineering and Technoogy (BUET), Dhaka, Bangadesh. From August 2001 to March 2002 he served as a Lecturer in the Department of EEE of the same university. From Apri 2002, he is attached with Niigata University, Niigata, Japan as a Japanses Government (Monbukagakusho) schoar. In October 2002, he entered the Department of EEE of the university as a research student, where he ater in Apri 2003 entered as a Master s degree student. He is presenty working toward a Doctora degree in the same pace. His research interests incude Spread Spectrum and Utra Wideband Communications, Communication Theory, Rake and Diversity Receivers, Signaing Design, Mutipe Access Communications etc. Mr. Rahman is a student member of the IEEE. Jie Zhou was born in Sichuan, China, in He received B.E and M.E degrees from Nanjing University of Posts and Teecommunications, China in 1985 and 1990, respectivey and Dr. Eng. degree from the Department of Computer Science, Gunma University, Japan in March Afterwards, he joined Chongqing University of Posts and Teecommunications, where he became an engineer in 1992 and an associate professor in From Apri 2001 to March 2005, he was with the Department of Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering, Niigata University, Japan where he was a Research Associate. Since March 2005, he has been with the Department of Information and Communications, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technoogy, where he is currenty a Professor. His research interests ie in the areas of DATA, ATM and radiowave propagation in mobie communications. Hisakazu Kikuchi received the B.E. and M.E. degrees from Niigata University in 1974 and 1976, respectivey, and Dr. Eng. degree in eectrica and eectronic engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technoogy in From 1976 to 1979 he worked at Information Processing Systems Laboratory, Fujitsu Ltd., Tokyo. Since 1979 he has been with Niigata University, where he is a professor of eectrica engineering. He was a visiting professor at Eectrica Engineering Department, University of Caifornia, Los Angees during a year of 1992 to He hods a visiting professorship at Chongqing University of Posts and Teecommunications, China since His research interests are in digita signa processing and image/video processing as we as utra wideband systems. Dr. Kikuchi is a member of the ITEJ (Institute of Image Information and Teevision Engineers of Japan), IIEEJ (Institute of Image Eectronics Engineers of Japan), JSIAM (Japan Society for Industria and Appied Mathematics), RISP (Research Institute of Signa Processing), IEEE, and SPIE. He served the chair of Circuits and Systems Group, IEICE, in 2000 and the genera chair of Digita Signa Processing Symposium, IEICE, in 1988 and Karuizawa Workshop on Circuits and Systems, IEICE, in Shigenobu Sasaki received B.E., M.E. and Ph.D. degrees from Nagaoka University of Technoogy, Nagaoka, Japan, in 1987, 1989 and 1993, respectivey. Since 1992, he has been with Niigata University, where he is now an Associate Professor in the Department of Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering. From 1999 to 2000, he was a visiting schoar at the Department of Eectrica and Computer Engineering, University of Caifornia, San Diego. Since 2003, he has been with the UWB technoogy institute, Nationa Institute of Information and Communication Technoogy (NICT) as an expert researcher. His research interests are in the area of digita communications with specia emphasis on spread spectrum communication systems, utra-wideband communication systems and wireess communications. He is a member of the IEEE and SITA.

Performance Measures of a UWB Multiple-Access System: DS/CDMA versus TH/PPM

Performance Measures of a UWB Multiple-Access System: DS/CDMA versus TH/PPM Performance Measures of a UWB Mutipe-Access System: DS/CDMA versus TH/PPM Aravind Kaias and John A. Gubner Dept. of Eectrica Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI 53706 akaias@wisc.edu,

More information

Effect of Estimation Error on Adaptive L-MRC Receiver over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

Effect of Estimation Error on Adaptive L-MRC Receiver over Nakagami-m Fading Channels Internationa Journa of Appied Engineering Research ISSN 973-456 Voume 3, Number 5 (8) pp. 77-83 Research India Pubications. http://www.ripubication.com Effect of Estimation Error on Adaptive -MRC Receiver

More information

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ULTRA WIDEBAND (UWB) IEEE A CHANNEL MODELS FOR nlos PROPAGATION ENVIRONMENTS

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ULTRA WIDEBAND (UWB) IEEE A CHANNEL MODELS FOR nlos PROPAGATION ENVIRONMENTS COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ULTRA WIDEBAND (UWB) IEEE80.15.3A CHANNEL MODELS FOR nlos PROPAGATION ENVIRONMENTS Ms. Jina H. She PG Student C.C.E.T, Wadhwan, Gujarat, Jina_hshet@yahoo.com Dr. K. H. Wandra Director

More information

Channel Division Multiple Access Based on High UWB Channel Temporal Resolution

Channel Division Multiple Access Based on High UWB Channel Temporal Resolution Channe Division Mutipe Access Based on High UWB Channe Tempora Resoution Rau L. de Lacerda Neto, Aawatif Menouni Hayar and Mérouane Debbah Institut Eurecom B.P. 93 694 Sophia-Antipois Cedex - France Emai:

More information

Rate-Allocation Strategies for Closed-Loop MIMO-OFDM

Rate-Allocation Strategies for Closed-Loop MIMO-OFDM Rate-Aocation Strategies for Cosed-Loop MIMO-OFDM Joon Hyun Sung and John R. Barry Schoo of Eectrica and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technoogy, Atanta, Georgia 30332 0250, USA Emai: {jhsung,barry}@ece.gatech.edu

More information

Optimal and Suboptimal Finger Selection Algorithms for MMSE Rake Receivers in Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband Systems 1

Optimal and Suboptimal Finger Selection Algorithms for MMSE Rake Receivers in Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband Systems 1 Optima and Suboptima Finger Seection Agorithms for MMSE Rake Receivers in Impuse Radio Utra-Wideband Systems Sinan Gezici, Mung Chiang, H. Vincent Poor and Hisashi Kobayashi Department of Eectrica Engineering

More information

An Empirical Ultra Wideband Channel Model for Indoor Laboratory Environments

An Empirical Ultra Wideband Channel Model for Indoor Laboratory Environments 68 N. NOORI, R. KARIMZADEH-BAEE, A. ABOLGHASEMI, AN EMPIRICAL ULTRA WIDEBAND CHANNEL MODEL FOR INDOOR An Empirica Utra Wideband Channe Mode for Indoor Laboratory Environments Narges NOORI, Roghieh KARIMZADEH-BAEE,

More information

Effect of Interfering Users on the Modulation Order and Code Rate for UWB Impulse-Radio Bit-Interleaved Coded M-ary PPM

Effect of Interfering Users on the Modulation Order and Code Rate for UWB Impulse-Radio Bit-Interleaved Coded M-ary PPM Effect of Interfering Users on the Moduation Order and Code Rate for UWB Impuse-Radio Bit-Intereaved Coded M-ary PPM Ruben Merz and Jean-Yves Le Boudec EPFL, Schoo of Computer and Communication Sciences

More information

A Low Complexity VCS Method for PAPR Reduction in Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access

A Low Complexity VCS Method for PAPR Reduction in Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access 0 JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA, VOL. 5, NO., JUNE 007 A Low Compexity VCS Method for PAPR Reduction in Muticarrier Code Division Mutipe Access Si-Si Liu, Yue iao, Qing-Song Wen,

More information

Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks N

Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks N Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireess Persona Area Networks N (WPANs( WPANs) Tite: [MATLAB Simuation Program for TSV-channe mode] Date Submitted: [September 18, 2006] Source: [Hiroshi Harada,

More information

Co-channel Interference Suppression Techniques for STBC OFDM System over Doubly Selective Channel

Co-channel Interference Suppression Techniques for STBC OFDM System over Doubly Selective Channel Co-channe Interference Suppression Techniques for STBC OFDM System over Douby Seective Channe Jyoti P. Patra Dept. of Eectronics and Communication Nationa Institute Of Technoogy Rourkea-769008, India E

More information

BER Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio Physical Layer over Rayleigh fading Channel

BER Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio Physical Layer over Rayleigh fading Channel Internationa Journa of Computer ppications (0975 8887) Voume 5 No.11, Juy 011 BER Performance naysis of Cognitive Radio Physica Layer over Rayeigh fading mandeep Kaur Virk Dr. B R mbedkar Nationa Institute

More information

THE TRADEOFF BETWEEN DIVERSITY GAIN AND INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION VIA BEAMFORMING IN

THE TRADEOFF BETWEEN DIVERSITY GAIN AND INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION VIA BEAMFORMING IN THE TRADEOFF BETWEEN DIVERSITY GAIN AND INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION VIA BEAMFORMING IN A CDMA SYSTEM Yan Zhang, Laurence B. Mistein, and Pau H. Siege Department of ECE, University of Caifornia, San Diego

More information

Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio Systems with Multiple Pulse Types 1

Ultra Wideband Impulse Radio Systems with Multiple Pulse Types 1 1 Utra Wideband Impuse Radio Systems with Mutipe Puse Types 1 Sinan Gezici, Student Member, IEEE, Zafer Sahinogu 3, Member, IEEE, Hisashi Kobayashi, Life Feow, IEEE, and H. Vincent Poor, Feow, IEEE arxiv:cs/5168v1

More information

CHANNEL MODELLING & PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WIFI

CHANNEL MODELLING & PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WIFI CHANNEL MODELLING & PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF WIFI Jivisha, Gaurav Mohta, Saumya Das Siim Manipa Institute of Technoogy Emai Id- gauravmohta.officia@gmai.com; Ph No. +9 9609850304 Abstract Wi-Fi or wireess

More information

Secure Physical Layer Key Generation Schemes: Performance and Information Theoretic Limits

Secure Physical Layer Key Generation Schemes: Performance and Information Theoretic Limits Secure Physica Layer Key Generation Schemes: Performance and Information Theoretic Limits Jon Waace Schoo of Engineering and Science Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring, 879 Bremen, Germany Phone: +9

More information

Improving the Active Power Filter Performance with a Prediction Based Reference Generation

Improving the Active Power Filter Performance with a Prediction Based Reference Generation Improving the Active Power Fiter Performance with a Prediction Based Reference Generation M. Routimo, M. Sao and H. Tuusa Abstract In this paper a current reference generation method for a votage source

More information

Simulation Model for a Frequency-Selective Land Mobile Satellite Communication Channel

Simulation Model for a Frequency-Selective Land Mobile Satellite Communication Channel Vo 3, No., Simuation Mode for a Frequency-Seective Land Mobie Sateite Communication Channe Abstract Zachaeus K. Adeyemo, Oumide O. Ajayi *, Festus K. Ojo 3. Department of Eectronic and Eectrica Engineering,

More information

Performance Evaluation of a UWB Channel Model with Antipodal, Orthogonal and DPSK Modulation Scheme

Performance Evaluation of a UWB Channel Model with Antipodal, Orthogonal and DPSK Modulation Scheme International Journal of Wired and Wireless Communications Vol 4, Issue April 016 Performance Evaluation of 80.15.3a UWB Channel Model with Antipodal, Orthogonal and DPSK Modulation Scheme Sachin Taran

More information

Ultra-wideband Systems: Review

Ultra-wideband Systems: Review Utra-wideband Systems: Review Wiaiporn Lee Department of Eectrica Engineering, Facuty of Engineering, King Mongkut s University of Technoogy North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thaiand, 10800 E-mai: wiaiponrs@kmutnb.ac.th

More information

Best Relay Selection Using SNR and Interference Quotient for Underlay Cognitive Networks

Best Relay Selection Using SNR and Interference Quotient for Underlay Cognitive Networks IEEE ICC 1 - Wireess Communications Symposium Best Reay Seection Using SNR and Interference Quotient for Underay Cognitive Networks Syed Imtiaz Hussain 1, Mohamed M. Abdaah 1, Mohamed-Sim Aouini 1,, Mazen

More information

A CPW-Fed Printed Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antenna with E-Shaped Notched Band Slot

A CPW-Fed Printed Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antenna with E-Shaped Notched Band Slot Iraqi Journa of Appied Physics Emad S. Ahmed Department of Eectrica and Eectronic Engineering University of Technoogy, Baghdad, Iraq A CPW-Fed Printed Monopoe Utra-Wideband Antenna with E-Shaped Notched

More information

Rateless Codes for the Gaussian Multiple Access Channel

Rateless Codes for the Gaussian Multiple Access Channel Rateess Codes for the Gaussian Mutipe Access Channe Urs Niesen Emai: uniesen@mitedu Uri Erez Dept EE, Te Aviv University Te Aviv, Israe Emai: uri@engtauaci Devavrat Shah Emai: devavrat@mitedu Gregory W

More information

Performance Comparison of Cyclo-stationary Detectors with Matched Filter and Energy Detector M. SAI SINDHURI 1, S. SRI GOWRI 2

Performance Comparison of Cyclo-stationary Detectors with Matched Filter and Energy Detector M. SAI SINDHURI 1, S. SRI GOWRI 2 ISSN 319-8885 Vo.3,Issue.39 November-14, Pages:7859-7863 www.ijsetr.com Performance Comparison of Cyco-stationary Detectors with Matched Fiter and Energy Detector M. SAI SINDHURI 1, S. SRI GOWRI 1 PG Schoar,

More information

Performance of Single User vs. Multiuser Modulation in Wireless Multicarrier (MC) Communications

Performance of Single User vs. Multiuser Modulation in Wireless Multicarrier (MC) Communications erformance of Singe User vs. Mutiuser Moduation in Wireess Muticarrier (MC) Communications Anwaru Azim, ecturer, East West University Bangadesh Abstract-- he main objective of this paper is to compare

More information

Satellite Link Layer Performance Using Two Copy SR-ARQ and Its Impact on TCP Traffic

Satellite Link Layer Performance Using Two Copy SR-ARQ and Its Impact on TCP Traffic Sateite Link Layer Performance Using Two Copy SR-ARQ and Its Impact on TCP Traffic Jing Zhu and Sumit Roy Department of Eectrica Engineering, University of Washington Box 352500, Seatte, WA 98195, USA

More information

Copyright 2000 IEEE. IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom 2000), November 27 - December 1, 2000, San Francisco, California, USA

Copyright 2000 IEEE. IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom 2000), November 27 - December 1, 2000, San Francisco, California, USA Copyright 2000 EEE. EEE Goba Communications Conference (Gobecom 2000), November 27 - December 1, 2000, San Francisco, Caifornia, USA Persona use of this materia is permitted. owever, permission to reprint/repubish

More information

Increasing the Efficiency of Rake Receivers for Ultra-Wideband Applications

Increasing the Efficiency of Rake Receivers for Ultra-Wideband Applications 1 Increasing the Efficiency of Rake Receivers for Ultra-Wideband Applications Aimilia P. Doukeli, Athanasios S. Lioumpas, Student Member, IEEE, George K. Karagiannidis, Senior Member, IEEE, Panayiotis

More information

PROPORTIONAL FAIR SCHEDULING OF UPLINK SINGLE-CARRIER FDMA SYSTEMS

PROPORTIONAL FAIR SCHEDULING OF UPLINK SINGLE-CARRIER FDMA SYSTEMS PROPORTIONAL FAIR SCHEDULING OF UPLINK SINGLE-CARRIER SYSTEMS Junsung Lim, Hyung G. Myung, Kyungjin Oh and David J. Goodman Dept. of Eectrica and Computer Engineering, Poytechnic University 5 Metrotech

More information

Blind Multiuser Detection in Asynchronous DS-CDMA Systems over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

Blind Multiuser Detection in Asynchronous DS-CDMA Systems over Nakagami-m Fading Channels Bind Mutiuser Detection in Asynchronous DS-CDMA Systems over akagami-m Fading Channes Vinay Kumar Pamua JU Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India 533 003 pamuavk@yahoo.com ABSRAC his paper presents a technique

More information

Space-Time Focusing Transmission in Ultra-wideband Cooperative Relay Networks

Space-Time Focusing Transmission in Ultra-wideband Cooperative Relay Networks ICUWB 2009 (September 9-11, 2009) 1 Space-Time Focusing Transmission in Utra-wideband Cooperative Reay Networks Yafei Tian and Chenyang Yang Schoo of Eectronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University

More information

Resource Allocation via Linear Programming for Multi-Source, Multi-Relay Wireless Networks

Resource Allocation via Linear Programming for Multi-Source, Multi-Relay Wireless Networks Resource Aocation via Linear Programming for Muti-Source, Muti-Reay Wireess Networs Nariman Farsad and Andrew W Ecford Dept of Computer Science and Engineering, Yor University 4700 Keee Street, Toronto,

More information

University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research. Peer reviewed version. Link to published version (if available): /GLOCOM.2003.

University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research. Peer reviewed version. Link to published version (if available): /GLOCOM.2003. Coon, J., Siew, J., Beach, MA., Nix, AR., Armour, SMD., & McGeehan, JP. (3). A comparison of MIMO-OFDM and MIMO-SCFDE in WLAN environments. In Goba Teecommunications Conference, 3 (Gobecom 3) (Vo. 6, pp.

More information

CAPACITY OF UNDERWATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION LOSS MODELS

CAPACITY OF UNDERWATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION LOSS MODELS CAPACITY OF UNDERWATER WIRELESS COMMUNICATION CHANNEL WITH DIFFERENT ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION LOSS MODELS Susan Joshy and A.V. Babu, Department of Eectronics & Communication Engineering, Nationa Institute

More information

Self-Interference Canceller for Full-Duplex Radio Relay Station Using Virtual Coupling Wave Paths

Self-Interference Canceller for Full-Duplex Radio Relay Station Using Virtual Coupling Wave Paths Sef-Interference Canceer for Fu-Dupex Radio Reay Station Using Virtua Couping Wave Paths Kazunori Hayashi Yasuo Fujishima Megumi Kaneko Hideaki Sakai Riichi Kudo and Tomoki Murakami Graduate Schoo of Informatics,

More information

A Soft-Limiting Receiver Structure for Time-Hopping UWB in Multiple Access Interference

A Soft-Limiting Receiver Structure for Time-Hopping UWB in Multiple Access Interference 2006 IEEE Ninth International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications A Soft-Limiting Receiver Structure for Time-Hopping UWB in Multiple Access Interference Norman C. Beaulieu, Fellow,

More information

FOR energy limited data networks, e.g., sensor networks,

FOR energy limited data networks, e.g., sensor networks, 578 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 8, NO., DECEMBER 009 An Optima Power Aocation Scheme for the STC Hybrid ARQ over Energy Limited Networks Hongbo Liu, Member, IEEE, Leonid Razoumov,

More information

Cross-layer queuing analysis on multihop relaying networks with adaptive modulation and coding K. Zheng 1 Y. Wang 1 L. Lei 2 W.

Cross-layer queuing analysis on multihop relaying networks with adaptive modulation and coding K. Zheng 1 Y. Wang 1 L. Lei 2 W. www.ietd.org Pubished in IET Communications Received on 18th June 2009 Revised on 30th Juy 2009 ISSN 1751-8628 Cross-ayer queuing anaysis on mutihop reaying networks with adaptive moduation and coding

More information

ULTRAWIDEBAND (UWB) radio has mainly been considered

ULTRAWIDEBAND (UWB) radio has mainly been considered IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 59, NO. 7, SEPTEMBER 2010 3171 UWB Channe Modeing in Roadway and Indoor Parking Environments Joon-Yong Lee, Member, IEEE Abstract In this paper, the characteristics

More information

A Novel Method for Doppler and DOD- DOA Jointly Estimation Based on FRFT in Bistatic MIMO Radar System

A Novel Method for Doppler and DOD- DOA Jointly Estimation Based on FRFT in Bistatic MIMO Radar System 7 Asia-Pacific Engineering and Technoogy Conference (APETC 7) ISBN: 978--6595-443- A Nove Method for Dopper and DOD- DOA Jointy Estimation Based on FRFT in Bistatic MIMO Radar System Derui Song, Li Li,

More information

THE EMERGING IEEE ad wireless local area

THE EMERGING IEEE ad wireless local area 1 Suboptima Spatia Diversity Scheme for 60 Gz Miimeter-Wave WLAN Zhenyu Xiao, Member, IEEE arxiv:1511.02326v1 [cs.it] 7 Nov 2015 Abstract This etter revisits the equa-gain (EG) spatia diversity technique,

More information

Suppression of ISI Caused by Sampling Time Offset in IFDMA Systems

Suppression of ISI Caused by Sampling Time Offset in IFDMA Systems Suppression of ISI Caused by Samping Time Offset in IFDA Systems Aexander Arkhipov, ichae Schne German Aerospace Center (DLR), Inst. of Communications and Navigation, D-82234, Wessing, Germany. Phone/e-mai:

More information

Pulsed RF Signals & Frequency Hoppers Using Real Time Spectrum Analysis

Pulsed RF Signals & Frequency Hoppers Using Real Time Spectrum Analysis Pused RF Signas & Frequency Hoppers Using Rea Time Spectrum Anaysis 1 James Berry Rohde & Schwarz Pused Rea Time and Anaysis Frequency Seminar Hopper Agenda Pused Signas & Frequency Hoppers Characteristics

More information

Dealing with Link Blockage in mmwave Networks: D2D Relaying or Multi-beam Reflection?

Dealing with Link Blockage in mmwave Networks: D2D Relaying or Multi-beam Reflection? Deaing with Lin Bocage in mmwave etwors: DD Reaying or Muti-beam Refection? Mingjie Feng, Shiwen Mao Dept. Eectrica & Computer Engineering Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5, U.S.A. Tao Jiang Schoo

More information

Resource Allocation via Linear Programming for Fractional Cooperation

Resource Allocation via Linear Programming for Fractional Cooperation 1 Resource Aocation via Linear Programming for Fractiona Cooperation Nariman Farsad and Andrew W Ecford Abstract In this etter, resource aocation is considered for arge muti-source, muti-reay networs empoying

More information

Fast Hybrid DFT/DCT Architecture for OFDM in Cognitive Radio System

Fast Hybrid DFT/DCT Architecture for OFDM in Cognitive Radio System Fast Hybrid DF/D Architecture for OFDM in ognitive Radio System Zhu hen, Moon Ho Lee, Senior Member, EEE, hang Joo Kim 3 nstitute of nformation&ommunication, honbuk ationa University, Jeonju, 56-756,Korea

More information

Availability Analysis for Elastic Optical Networks with Multi-path Virtual Concatenation Technique

Availability Analysis for Elastic Optical Networks with Multi-path Virtual Concatenation Technique Progress In Eectromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Guangzhou, China, Aug. 25 28, 2014 849 Avaiabiity Anaysis for Eastic Optica Networks with Muti-path Virtua Concatenation Technique Xiaoing Wang

More information

Orthogonal Multicode Channelization Applied to Subsampling Digital UWB Receiver

Orthogonal Multicode Channelization Applied to Subsampling Digital UWB Receiver Orthogona Muticode Channeization Appied to Subsamping Digita UWB Receiver Yves Vanderperren, Geert Leus, Wim Dehaene EE Dept. ESAT-MICAS), Kathoieke Universiteit Leuven, Begium Facuty of EE, Mathematics

More information

Communication Systems

Communication Systems Communication Systems 1. A basic communication system consists of (1) receiver () information source (3) user of information (4) transmitter (5) channe Choose the correct sequence in which these are arranged

More information

Top Down Design of Joint MODEM and CODEC Detection Schemes for DSRC Coded-FSK Systems over High Mobility Fading Channels

Top Down Design of Joint MODEM and CODEC Detection Schemes for DSRC Coded-FSK Systems over High Mobility Fading Channels Top Down Design of Joint MODEM and CODEC Detection Schemes for DSRC Coded-FSK Systems over High Mobiity Fading Channes Juinn-Horng Deng, Feng-Chin Hsiao, and Yi-Hsin Lin Department of Communications Engineering

More information

CONECCT Transmit Antenna Selection For UWB Communication System Over IEEE a Channel

CONECCT Transmit Antenna Selection For UWB Communication System Over IEEE a Channel COECCT 25 579437 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 2 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 3 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4 4 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 5 5 52 53 54 55 56 57 6 6 62 63 64 65 Transmit Antenna Seection For

More information

Block-Level Unitary Query: Incorporating Orthogonal-like Space-time Code with Query Diversity for MIMO Backscatter RFID

Block-Level Unitary Query: Incorporating Orthogonal-like Space-time Code with Query Diversity for MIMO Backscatter RFID 1 Bock-Leve Unitary Query: Incorporating Orthogona-ike Space-time Code with Query Diversity for MIMO Backscatter RFID Chen He, Member, IEEE, Z. Jane Wang, Senior Member, IEEE, and Victor C.M. Leung, Feow,

More information

ADAPTIVE ITERATION SCHEME OF TURBO CODE USING HYSTERESIS CONTROL

ADAPTIVE ITERATION SCHEME OF TURBO CODE USING HYSTERESIS CONTROL ADATIV ITRATION SCHM OF TURBO COD USING HYSTRSIS CONTROL Chih-Hao WU, Kenichi ITO, Yung-Liang HUANG, Takuro SATO Received October 9, 4 Turbo code, because of its remarkabe coding performance, wi be popuar

More information

Robust Blind Multiuser Detection in DS-CDMA Systems over Nakagami-m Fading Channels with Impulsive Noise including MRC Receive Diversity

Robust Blind Multiuser Detection in DS-CDMA Systems over Nakagami-m Fading Channels with Impulsive Noise including MRC Receive Diversity Robust Bind Mutiuser Detection in DS-CDMA Systems over Nakagami-m Fading Channes with Impusive Noise incuding MRC Receive Diversity Vinay Kumar Pamua, Member, IEEE, Department of ECE, MIC Coege of echnoogy,

More information

Information Theoretic Radar Waveform Design for Multiple Targets

Information Theoretic Radar Waveform Design for Multiple Targets 1 Information Theoretic Radar Waveform Design for Mutipe Targets Amir Leshem and Arye Nehorai Abstract In this paper we use information theoretic approach to design radar waveforms suitabe for simutaneousy

More information

Hybrid Digital-to-Analog Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Systems with High User Density

Hybrid Digital-to-Analog Beamforming for Millimeter-Wave Systems with High User Density Hybrid Digita-to-Anaog Beamforming for Miimeter-Wave Systems with High User Density Manish Nair, Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed and Huiing Zhu Schoo of Engineering and Digita Arts, University of Kent, Canterbury,

More information

Joint Optimal Power Allocation and Relay Selection with Spatial Diversity in Wireless Relay Networks

Joint Optimal Power Allocation and Relay Selection with Spatial Diversity in Wireless Relay Networks Proceedings of SDR'11-WInnComm-Europe, 22-24 Jun 2011 Joint Optima Power Aocation and Reay Seection with Spatia Diversity in Wireess Reay Networks Md Habibu Isam 1, Zbigniew Dziong 1, Kazem Sohraby 2,

More information

Fox-1E (RadFxSat-2) Telemetry and Whole Orbit Data Simulation. Burns Fisher, W2BFJ Carl Wick, N3MIM

Fox-1E (RadFxSat-2) Telemetry and Whole Orbit Data Simulation. Burns Fisher, W2BFJ Carl Wick, N3MIM Fox-1E (RadFxSat-2) Teemetry and Whoe Orbit Data Simuation Burns Fisher, W2BFJ Car Wick, N3MIM 1 Review: Fox-1 DUV Teemetry Fox-1A through Fox-1D are FM Repeater Sateites» Ony a singe downink frequency»

More information

On the Relationship Between Capacity and Distance in an Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel

On the Relationship Between Capacity and Distance in an Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel On the Reationship Between Capacity and Distance in an Underwater Acoustic Communication Channe Miica Stojanovic Massachusetts Institute of Technoogy miitsa@mit.edu ABSTRACT Path oss of an underwater acoustic

More information

Performance of Impulse-Train-Modulated Ultra- Wideband Systems

Performance of Impulse-Train-Modulated Ultra- Wideband Systems University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Infmatics - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Engineering and Infmation Sciences 2006 Perfmance of Impulse-Train-Modulated Ultra- Wideband Systems Xiaojing

More information

Airborne Ultrasonic Position and Velocity Measurement Using Two Cycles of Linear-Period-Modulated Signal

Airborne Ultrasonic Position and Velocity Measurement Using Two Cycles of Linear-Period-Modulated Signal Airborne Utrasonic Position and Veocity Measurement Using Two Cyces of Linear-Period-Moduated Signa Shinya Saito 1, Minoru Kuribayashi Kurosawa 1, Yuichiro Orino 1, and Shinnosuke Hirata 2 1 Department

More information

Iterative Transceiver Design for Opportunistic Interference Alignment in MIMO Interfering Multiple-Access Channels

Iterative Transceiver Design for Opportunistic Interference Alignment in MIMO Interfering Multiple-Access Channels Journa of Communications Vo. 0 No. February 0 Iterative Transceiver Design for Opportunistic Interference Aignment in MIMO Interfering Mutipe-Access Channes Weipeng Jiang ai Niu and Zhiqiang e Schoo of

More information

On optimizing low SNR wireless networks using network coding

On optimizing low SNR wireless networks using network coding On optimizing ow SNR wireess networks using network coding Mohit Thakur Institute for communications engineering, Technische Universität München, 80290, München, Germany. Emai: mohit.thakur@tum.de Murie

More information

Channel Estimation for SC-FDE Systems Using Frequency Domain Multiplexed Pilots

Channel Estimation for SC-FDE Systems Using Frequency Domain Multiplexed Pilots Channe Estimation for SC-FDE Systems Using Frequency Domain utipexed Piots Chan-Tong am, David D. Faconer and Forence Danio-emoine BCWS, Careton Univ., Canada K1S 5B6 Emai: {amc, ddf, fdanio@sce.careton.ca

More information

Adaptive Bit and Power Allocation for Rate and Margin Maximization in V-BLAST System

Adaptive Bit and Power Allocation for Rate and Margin Maximization in V-BLAST System Revista Científica Periódica - Teecomunicações ISSN 56-338 Adaptive Bit and Power Aocation for Rate and argin aximization in V-BAST System Dror eiri and Irving Kaet Aeis Photonics, Netanya, Israe (emai:

More information

Representative Frequency for Interconnect R(f)L(f)C Extraction

Representative Frequency for Interconnect R(f)L(f)C Extraction Representative Frequency for Interconnect R(f)L(f)C Extraction Akira Tsuchiya Masanori Hashimoto Hidetoshi Onodera Department of Communications and Computer Engineering, Graduate choo of Informatics, Kyoto

More information

Performance Evaluation of a UWB Channel Model with Antipodal, Orthogonal and DPSK Modulation Scheme

Performance Evaluation of a UWB Channel Model with Antipodal, Orthogonal and DPSK Modulation Scheme I.J. Wireless and Microwave Technologies, 016, 1, 34-4 Published Online January 016 in MECS(http://www.mecs-press.net) DOI: 10.5815/ijwmt.016.01.04 Available online at http://www.mecs-press.net/ijwmt Performance

More information

Capacity of Data Collection in Arbitrary Wireless Sensor Networks

Capacity of Data Collection in Arbitrary Wireless Sensor Networks This artice has been accepted for pubication in a future issue of this journa, but has not been fuy edited. Content may change prior to fina pubication. 1 Capacity of Data Coection in Arbitrary Wireess

More information

Analyzing Pulse Position Modulation Time Hopping UWB in IEEE UWB Channel

Analyzing Pulse Position Modulation Time Hopping UWB in IEEE UWB Channel Analyzing Pulse Position Modulation Time Hopping UWB in IEEE UWB Channel Vikas Goyal 1, B.S. Dhaliwal 2 1 Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Guru Kashi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda,

More information

Hybrid Digital-Analog Joint Source Channel Coding for Broadcast Multiresolution Communications

Hybrid Digital-Analog Joint Source Channel Coding for Broadcast Multiresolution Communications 217 25th European Signa Processing Conference (EUSIPCO) Hybrid Digita-Anaog Joint Source Channe Coding for Broadcast Mutiresoution Communications O. Fresnedo, P. Suárez-Casa, L. Castedo Department of Eectronics

More information

Multipath Beamforming for UWB: Channel Unknown at the Receiver

Multipath Beamforming for UWB: Channel Unknown at the Receiver Multipath Beamforming for UWB: Channel Unknown at the Receiver Di Wu, Predrag Spasojević, and Ivan Seskar WINLAB, Rutgers University 73 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 {diwu,spasojev,seskar}@winlab.rutgers.edu

More information

FREQUENCY-DOMAIN TURBO EQUALIZATION FOR SINGLE CARRIER MOBILE BROADBAND SYSTEMS. Liang Dong and Yao Zhao

FREQUENCY-DOMAIN TURBO EQUALIZATION FOR SINGLE CARRIER MOBILE BROADBAND SYSTEMS. Liang Dong and Yao Zhao FREQUENCY-DOMAIN TURBO EQUALIZATION FOR SINGLE CARRIER MOBILE BROADBAND SYSTEMS Liang Dong and Yao Zhao Department of Eectrica and Computer Engineering Western Michigan University Kaamazoo, MI 49008 ABSTRACT

More information

Effect of Random Walk Phase Noise on MIMO Measurements

Effect of Random Walk Phase Noise on MIMO Measurements MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORIES http://www.mer.com Effect of Random Wak Phase Noise on MIMO Measurements Peter Amers, Shurjee Wyne, Fredrik Tufvesson and Andreas Moisch TR25-59 Juy 25 Abstract

More information

Spatial Characteristics of 3D MIMO Wideband Channel in Indoor Hotspot Scenario at 3.5 GHz

Spatial Characteristics of 3D MIMO Wideband Channel in Indoor Hotspot Scenario at 3.5 GHz Spatia Characteristics of 3D MIMO Wideband Channe in Indoor Hotspot Scenario at 3.5 GHz ei Tian Jianhua Zhang Yuxiang Zhang State Key ab. of Networking and Switching Tech. Beijing Univ. of osts and Teecom.

More information

Resource Allocation for Network-Integrated Device-to-Device Communications Using Smart Relays

Resource Allocation for Network-Integrated Device-to-Device Communications Using Smart Relays Resource Aocation for Network-Integrated Device-to-Device Communications Using Smart Reays Monowar Hasan and Ekram Hossain Department of Eectrica and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg,

More information

Radial basis function networks for fast contingency ranking

Radial basis function networks for fast contingency ranking Eectrica Power and Energy Systems 24 2002) 387±395 www.esevier.com/ocate/ijepes Radia basis function networks for fast contingency ranking D. Devaraj a, *, B. Yegnanarayana b, K. Ramar a a Department of

More information

B.Sathish Kumar 1, K.R.Shankar Kumar 2 1,2

B.Sathish Kumar 1, K.R.Shankar Kumar 2 1,2 A ove Approach of Linear Parae nterference Canceation in Upin OFDMA Systems with Carrier Freuency Offsets B.Sathish umar 1,.R.Shanar umar 1, Department of Eectronics Communication Engineering Sri Ramarishna

More information

LIGHTNING PROTECTION OF MEDIUM VOLTAGE OVERHEAD LINES WITH COVERED CONDUCTORS BY ANTENNA-TYPE LONG FLASHOVER ARRESTERS

LIGHTNING PROTECTION OF MEDIUM VOLTAGE OVERHEAD LINES WITH COVERED CONDUCTORS BY ANTENNA-TYPE LONG FLASHOVER ARRESTERS C I R E D 17 th Internationa Conference on Eectricity Distribution Barceona, 12-15 May 23 LIGHTNING PROTECTION OF MEDIUM VOLTAGE OVERHEAD LINES WITH COVERED CONDUCTORS BY ANTENNA-TYPE LONG FLASHOVER ARRESTERS

More information

Worst case delay analysis for a wireless point-to-point transmission

Worst case delay analysis for a wireless point-to-point transmission Worst case deay anaysis for a wireess point-to-point transmission Katia Jaffrès-Runser University of Tououse IRIT - INPT ENSEEIHT Tououse, France Emai: katia.jaffres-runser@irit.fr Abstract Wireess technoogies

More information

On the Relationship Between Queuing Delay and Spatial Degrees of Freedom in a MIMO Multiple Access Channel

On the Relationship Between Queuing Delay and Spatial Degrees of Freedom in a MIMO Multiple Access Channel On the Reationship Between Queuing Deay and Spatia Degrees of Freedom in a IO utipe Access Channe Sriram N. Kizhakkemadam, Dinesh Rajan, andyam Srinath Dept. of Eectrica Engineering Southern ethodist University

More information

Symbol Error Rate Calculation for Alamouti Space Time Coded OFDM in Direct Conversion Receivers

Symbol Error Rate Calculation for Alamouti Space Time Coded OFDM in Direct Conversion Receivers Symbo Error Rate Cacuation for Aamouti Space Time Coded OFDM in Direct Conversion Receivers Marco Krondorf Vodafone Chair Mobie Communications Systems, Technische Universität Dresden, D-6 Dresden, Germany

More information

Sparse Channel Estimation Based on Compressed Sensing for Massive MIMO Systems

Sparse Channel Estimation Based on Compressed Sensing for Massive MIMO Systems Sparse Channe Estimation Based on Compressed Sensing for Massive MIMO Systems Chenhao Qi, Yongming Huang, Shi Jin and Lenan Wu Schoo of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing

More information

Joint Optimization of Scheduling and Power Control in Wireless Networks: Multi-Dimensional Modeling and Decomposition

Joint Optimization of Scheduling and Power Control in Wireless Networks: Multi-Dimensional Modeling and Decomposition This artice has been accepted for pubication in a future issue of this journa, but has not been fuy edited. Content may change prior to fina pubication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TMC.2018.2861859,

More information

Time-domain Techniques in EMI Measuring Receivers. Technical and Standardization Requirements

Time-domain Techniques in EMI Measuring Receivers. Technical and Standardization Requirements Time-domain Techniques in EMI Measuring Receivers Technica and Standardization Requirements CISPR = Huge, Sow, Compex, CISPR = Internationa Specia Committee on Radio Interference Technica committee within

More information

CHANNEL ESTIMATION PERFORMANCE FOR ZERO-OVERHEAD CHANNEL ACCESS IN MOBILE SENSOR NETWORKS

CHANNEL ESTIMATION PERFORMANCE FOR ZERO-OVERHEAD CHANNEL ACCESS IN MOBILE SENSOR NETWORKS CANNEL ESTIMATION PERFORMANCE FOR ZERO-OVEREAD CANNEL ACCESS IN MOBILE SENSOR NETWORKS John E. Keider, Ghassan Maaoui, Steve Gifford, and Scott Chuprun Genera Dynamics C4 Systems Scottsdae, AZ, 8557 Brian

More information

DESIGN OF A DIPOLE ANTENNA USING COMPUTER SIMULATION

DESIGN OF A DIPOLE ANTENNA USING COMPUTER SIMULATION Undergraduate Research Opportunity Project (UROP ) DESIGN OF A DIPOLE ANTENNA USING COMPUTER SIMULATION Student: Nguyen, Tran Thanh Binh Schoo of Eectrica & Eectronic Engineering Nayang Technoogica University

More information

A Compact Wide Bandpass Filter based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Structure

A Compact Wide Bandpass Filter based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Structure Journa of Communication Engineering, Vo. 4, No., Juy-December 5 3 A Compact Wide Bandpass Fiter based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Structure Mostafa Danaeian, Ai Ganji ashkezari, Kambiz Afrooz

More information

Utility-Proportional Fairness in Wireless Networks

Utility-Proportional Fairness in Wireless Networks IEEE rd Internationa Symposium on Persona, Indoor and Mobie Radio Communications - (PIMRC) Utiity-Proportiona Fairness in Wireess Networks G. Tychogiorgos, A. Gkeias and K. K. Leung Eectrica and Eectronic

More information

Coverage and Rate Analysis for Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks

Coverage and Rate Analysis for Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks Coverage and Rate Anaysis for Miimeter Wave Ceuar Networks Tianyang Bai and Robert W. Heath, Jr. arxiv:42.643v3 cs.it 8 Oct 24 Abstract Miimeter wave mmwave) hods promise as a carrier frequency for fifth

More information

Performance Analysis of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access under I/Q Imbalance

Performance Analysis of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access under I/Q Imbalance This artice has been accepted for pubication in a future issue of this journa, but has not been fuy edited. Content may change prior to fina pubication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2820074,

More information

Performance Analysis of Rake Receivers in IR UWB System

Performance Analysis of Rake Receivers in IR UWB System IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735. Volume 6, Issue 3 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 23-27 Performance Analysis of Rake Receivers in IR UWB

More information

Dual Relay Selection for Cooperative NOMA with Distributed Space Time Coding

Dual Relay Selection for Cooperative NOMA with Distributed Space Time Coding This artice has been accepted for pubication in a future issue of this journa, but has not been fuy edited. Content may change prior to fina pubication. Citation information: DOI.9/ACCESS.8.846, IEEE Access

More information

Compact Modeling of Spiral Inductors for RF Applications

Compact Modeling of Spiral Inductors for RF Applications Compact Modeing of Spira Inductors for RF Appications Ji Chen and Juin J. Liou Eectrica and Computer Engineering Dept. University of Centra Forida, Orando, FL 816 Phone: 47-8-59, Fax: 47-8-585, E-mai:

More information

On the Multi-User Interference Study for Ultra Wideband Communication Systems in AWGN and Modified Saleh-Valenzuela Channel

On the Multi-User Interference Study for Ultra Wideband Communication Systems in AWGN and Modified Saleh-Valenzuela Channel On the Multi-User Interference Study for Ultra Wideband Communication Systems in AWGN and Modified Saleh-Valenzuela Channel Raffaello Tesi, Matti Hämäläinen, Jari Iinatti, Ian Oppermann, Veikko Hovinen

More information

Performance of RAKE receiver over different UWB channel

Performance of RAKE receiver over different UWB channel Advances in Wireless and Mobile Communications. ISSN 0973-6972 Volume 10, Number 5 (2017), pp. 1097-1105 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Performance of RAKE receiver over different

More information

Lecture 7/8: UWB Channel. Kommunikations

Lecture 7/8: UWB Channel. Kommunikations Lecture 7/8: UWB Channel Kommunikations Technik UWB Propagation Channel Radio Propagation Channel Model is important for Link level simulation (bit error ratios, block error ratios) Coverage evaluation

More information

Joint Spectrum Access and Pricing in Cognitive Radio Networks with Elastic Traffic

Joint Spectrum Access and Pricing in Cognitive Radio Networks with Elastic Traffic Joint Spectrum Access and Pricing in Cognitive Radio Networks with Eastic Traffic Joceyne Eias University of Bergamo E-mai: joceyne.eias@unibg.it Fabio Martignon University of Bergamo E-mai: fabio.martignon@unibg.it

More information

SURGE ARRESTERS FOR CABLE SHEATH PREVENTING POWER LOSSES IN M.V. NETWORKS

SURGE ARRESTERS FOR CABLE SHEATH PREVENTING POWER LOSSES IN M.V. NETWORKS SURGE ARRESTERS FOR CABLE SHEATH PREVENTING POWER LOSSES IN M.V. NETWORKS A. Heiß Energie-AG (EAM), Kasse G. Bazer Darmstadt University of Technoogy O. Schmitt ABB Caor Emag Schatanagen, Mannheim B. Richter

More information

3-D BSS Geometric Indicator for WLAN Planning

3-D BSS Geometric Indicator for WLAN Planning 3-D BSS Geometric Indicator for WLAN Panning Aexandre Gondran, Oumaya Baaa, Aexandre Caminada and Haim Mabed University of Technoogy Befort-Montbéiard, SET Lab, 90010 Befort, France E-mai: {aexandre.gondran,

More information

Elham Torabi Supervisor: Dr. Robert Schober

Elham Torabi Supervisor: Dr. Robert Schober Low-Rate Ultra-Wideband Low-Power for Wireless Personal Communication Area Networks Channel Models and Signaling Schemes Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia

More information