March 25, 2015 Chapter 10: Changing the Way People Live p 242 Lesson 1: On to Go Vocabulary 1. fuel- something that is burned to provide power

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1 March 25, 2015 Chapter 10: Changing the Way People Live p 242 Lesson 1: On to Go 1. fuel- something that is burned to provide power Important People 1. Robert Fulton 2. Peter Cooper 3. Henry Ford 4. Wilbur Wright 5. Orville Wright 6. Elisha Otis 7. Amelia Earhart 8. Eduardo San Juan 9. Mae Jemison Important Places 1. National Road Transportation in the 1800s was very different from today. Most people walked anywhere they needed to go. Sometimes people could ride horses or mules, or use wagons. There were also canoes and boats. There were no roads, and paths or trails were not smooth. Robert Fulton developed steam engines to power boats. His boat was called the Clermont. New roads made of stone or wood planks made traveling easier. The National Road helped people move west. Steam engines were used to pull trains instead of horses. Peter Cooper built an engine called Tom Thumb to race a horse pulling a train. His engine broke down, and the horse won. Henry Ford created a car called the Model T. This was an affordable way for people to travel. Wilbur and Orville Wright completed the first airplane flight in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

2 March 26, 2015 Lesson 1: continued Elisha Otis invented the elevator for passengers. It encouraged the building of skyscrapers. Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly an airplane across the Atlantic Ocean. Eduardo San Juan created the lunar rover vehicle to carry astronauts across the moon. Mae Jemison was the first African American woman to prepare, launch, and travel in space shuttles. Most forms of transportation today use fuel for power. Fuel can cause pollution and use up natural resources. People today are working to solve these problems. Public transportation, trains, and buses help solve the problem.

3 March 27, 2015 Geography Skills: Reading transportation maps p transportation map- shows the routes people can use to travel from place to place In the middle of the 1800s, there were many ways to travel. A transportation map shows roads, railroads, and other kinds of transportation on the same map. The map key shows symbols for different ways to travel. Sometimes there is more than one way to travel between two places.

4 March 30, 2015 p 250 Lesson 2: Keeping in touch 1. communicate- to pass along feelings, thoughts, or information to someone 2. pony express- a team of daring horseback riders that delivered mail 3. telegraph- used special codes to send words long distances over wires. 4. satellite- spacecraft used to connect radio, telephone, and television Important People 1. Samuel Morse 2. Alexander Graham Bell 3. Guglielmo Marconi People have many ways to communicate. Before telephones, radios, and televisions, newspapers were important. Newspapers were expensive. People stood on the corner and yelled out the news. News was also posted in public places. In 1860, the pony express was created to make mail more reliable. The pony express rode across the western United States to deliver mail. The riders would pass the mail to each other, almost like a relay.

5 March 31, 2015 Lesson 2: continued Samuel Morse invented the telegraph. The telegraph used special codes to send messages over wires. The first message using a telegraph went from Washington, D.C. to Baltimore, Maryland. The pony express was not needed anymore. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. People could speak from faraway distances. Guglielmo Marconi invented a way to send signals without wires. This was the wireless telegraph. Even ships could use it. The radio used the same technology as the wireless telegraph. Sending pictures through space led to the invention of the television. A satellite is used to connect radio, telephone, and television. Satellites were first used in the 1960s. Satellites make it possible to communicate across oceans to other countries. Communication continues to improve today.

6 April 13, 2015 Lesson 3: A Tunnel in Europe 1. channel- a narrow waterway between two larger bodies of water Important Places 1. France 2. England 3. English Channel The Eurostar is a train that connected England and France in England is an island off the continent of Europe. The English Channel separates England and Europe. The channel connects the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. People dreamed of connecting England and France. The tunnel was started in 1986 and took 8 years to build.

7 April 14, 2015 p 258 Lesson 3: continued Two parts of the tunnel were dug. One started from England and the other started from France. It was an important moment when they broke through the rock connecting to two parts of the tunnel. Many pounds of dirt was dug and put on the coasts of England and France to create parks. There are three tunnels in the English Channel Tunnel. > One for trains from England to France. > One for trains from France to England. > One for service workers. Two trains run through the tunnel. Eurostar is for passengers and Le Shuttle carries people with cars and goods to be sold. The English Channel Tunnel allows England and France to do business and visit each other more easily.