Those DARN Radars: New Directions for the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network
|
|
- Carmella George
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Those DARN Radars: New Directions for the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network Joseph B. H. Baker 1, J. M. Ruohoniemi 1, S. G. Shepherd 2, K. A. McWilliams 3, R. A. Greenwald 1, W. A. Bristow 4 1 Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech 2 Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College 3 Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan 4 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska With Acknowledgements to our International SuperDARN Collaborators
2 Presentation Outline What is SuperDARN? Recent Developments: New Antenna Design PolarDARN and StormDARN Collaborations with NASA THEMIS Future Directions
3 What is SuperDARN? The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) of high-frequency (HF) radars was developed to study ionospheric convection at auroral latitudes. The principle backscatter targets are decameter-scale plasma irregularities. At the present time there are 14 radars in the northern hemisphere and 7 radars in the southern hemisphere. Each SuperDARN radar has the following characteristics: Transmits and receives between 9-18 MHz Uses electronic phasing to steer in 16 (or more) look directions Uses multipulse sequences to determine range and Doppler information Maximum range is km; range resolution is typically 45 km Operates continuously with a typical temporal resolution of 1-2 minutes All SuperDARN radars produce identical data products that are routinely combined to produce hemispheric characterizations of ionospheric convection.
4 SuperDARN PI Institutions Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (1983) British Antarctic Survey (1988) University of Saskatchewan, Canada (1993) National Center for Scientific Research, France (1994) National Institute for Polar Research, Japan (1995) University of Leicester, England (1995) University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (1997) University of Alaska (2000) Communications Research Laboratory, Japan (2001) La Trobe University, Australia (2001) Nagoya University, Japan (2006) Virginia Tech (2008)
5 Northern Hemisphere Radars King Salmon, AK (Japan) Saskatoon, Sask. (Canada) Stokkseyri, Iceland (France) Kodiak, AK (USA) Kapuskasing, Ont. (USA) Goose Bay, Lab. (USA) Pykkvibaer, Iceland (UK) Prince George, B.C. (Canada) Hankasalmi, Finland (UK)
6 SuperDARN Achievements Hemispheric structure and dynamics of ionospheric convection. Mesoscale signatures of magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling: Convection vortices associated with field-aligned currents. Ionospheric flow bursts associated with dayside reconnection events or FTEs. Convection associated with auroral activations (e.g. substorms). Inter-hemispheric (i.e. north-south) conjugacy of ionospheric convection. Ionospheric irregularities and high latitude plasma structures (i.e. patches). Electromagnetic waves: MHD, ULF, Magnetic Field Line Resonances. Neutral atmosphere: Gravity waves, mesospheric winds, planetary waves. More generally, SuperDARN convection patterns have been widely used to aid the interpretation of localized features identified in other ground and space-based datasets.
7 Hemispheric Convection Pattern
8 New Antenna Design First generation SuperDARN radars used Sabre log-periodic antennas. Sabre antennas are sturdy and reliable but they have become an increasingly larger portion of the overall cost of building a SuperDARN radar. In 2004 a considerable modeling effort was directed toward identifying a simple and inexpensive alternative. The result is a twin-terminated folded dipole antenna: Easy to construct. Significant reduction in cost.
9 New SuperDARN Antenna Front View Side View The antennas are strung between 55-foot traffic poles using Kevlar cable (dashed lines). The feed point is a 25:1 balun at the center of a plate mounted on the pole at 30 feet. The termination is in two 100-ohm resistors at each end of the plate. Behind the antennas is a corner reflector constructed from 24 wires running the length of the array.
10 Wallops Radar (May 2005)
11 Antenna Performance VSWR Values: Blackstone Main Array 4 3 VSWR Frequency (MHz) Ant 1 Ant 2 Ant 3 Ant 4 Ant 5 Ant 6 Ant 7 Ant 8 Ant 9 Ant 10 Ant 11 Ant 12 Ant 13 Ant 14 Ant 15 Ant 16 Model Wallops
12 PolarDARN: High Latitude SuperDARN Two polar cap radars operational since May 2006 (Rankin Inlet) and November 2007 (Inuvik). PI: Jean-Pierre St Maurice (University of Saskatchewan). The PolarDARN radars have been obtaining better scatter statistics than other SuperDARN radars during the quiet solar wind conditions at the end of Solar Cycle 23. For more information see PolarDARN investigations of the high latitude ionosphere by St Maurice et al., at 16:00 UT this afternoon (G05b.7).
13 StormDARN: Mid-Latitude SuperDARN Hokkaido The first generation SuperDARN radars were sited near 60 degrees magnetic latitude and have been very successful at monitoring ionospheric convection during weak to moderate geomagnetic activity. Blackstone Wallops However, during magnetic storms the rate of SuperDARN data capture is reduced: (1) Equatorward motion of aurora (2) Increased HF absorption To overcome these shortcomings it was decided to build a second chain of radars at middle latitudes: Wallops Island, VA (2005) Hokkaido, Japan (2006) Blackstone, VA (2008)
14 Wallops Measurements: SAPS/SAIDs Beam UT June 12,2005 June 13, 2005 Oksavik et al., [2006] Two-Dimensional Image of Sub Auroral Ion Drifts (SAID) within the Sub Auroral Polarization Stream (SAPS).
15 Wallops Measurements: Impact on Statistical Patterns Φ=61kV Φ=76kV Disturbed Conditions (Kp > 3): Two-cell convection pattern expands equatorward of 60 degrees. Average cross polar potential increased by 25%. Φ=40kV Φ=36kV Quiet Conditions (Kp < 3): The two-cell convection pattern at high latitudes is fed from lower latitudes on the evening side and drained on the morning side. Baker et al., [2007]
16 Hokkaido Measurements: TIDs Daytime TIDs (Sea Scatter) Nighttime TIDs (Ionospheric Scatter) The second mid-latitude SuperDARN radar became operational at Rikubetsu, Hokkaido, in December, The Hokkaido radar is being used to monitor the equatorward propagation of Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) generated at higher latitudes. By combining Hokkaido radar data with ground-based 630nm all-sky imaging and GPS TEC measurements it is possible to continuously monitor the propagation of wave fronts over a scale length of 6000km. Figures courtesy of T. Ogawa, STE Lab, Nagoya University
17 The Blackstone Radar The third mid-latitude SuperDARN radar became operational at Blackstone, VA, on February 2 nd, The Blackstone radar is a collaboration between: Virginia Tech Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory University of Leicester Construction schedule for Blackstone was accelerated so that the radar would be taking measurements during the first NASA THEMIS tail conjunctions.
18 The NASA THEMIS Mission The NASA THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Sustorms) mission was designed to unambiguously measure the relative timing of events in the magnetotail during the onset of the expansion phase of magnetospheric substorms. Periodically, the 5 spacecraft come into alignment along the Sun-Earth line under new Moon conditions so that the relative timing of mid-tail and near-tail processes can be resolved. THEMIS also has a robust ground-based component of All-sky Imagers and magnetometers that are being used to identify the onset time and location within the nightside ionosphere. The Blackstone radar is ideally located to contribute useful data for THEMIS events.
19 SuperDARN THEMIS Mode During THEMIS tail conjunctions SuperDARN radars are running a special THEMIS mode to increase temporal resolution during substorms: Dwell time reduced from 7 to 4 seconds. The radar returns to a designated campingbeam between each successive beam. The THEMIS mode simultaneously provides: Hemispheric spatial coverage every 2 mins. Higher temporal resolution on one camped beam per radar (8 secs). THEMIS mode camping beams (Blue) The THEMIS mode provides an increased capability to measure ULF waves.
20 THEMIS Substorm: Feb 22 nd 2008 Beam-8: normal scan data (2-minutes) Beam-7: camping beam data (8-second) 0430 UT 0440 UT 0450 UT Substorm expansion phase onset at approximately 0437 UT on February 22 nd 2008: THEMIS spacecraft measure two bursts of Earthward convection in the tail. Ground-based magnetometers measure the onset of Pi2 oscillations. Blackstone Radar Measurements: Pi2 oscillations measured on camped beam-7. Neighboring beam-8 sees no evidence of oscillations. These measurements were obtained near the plasmapause (Alfven Waves?).
21 Future Development Plans Proposal to build 8 new radars at middle latitudes has been submitted to the NSF MSI opportunity. Partners: Virginia Tech, JHU/APL, University of Alaska, Dartmouth College.
22 Other Development Plans Discussions are under way for: Second mid-latitude radar at Hokkaido. Third PolarDARN radar in Greenland. Several (6) radars at mid- and high latitudes in Eastern Europe. An Australian mid-latitude radar. A South African mid-latitude radar. Radars under Development: US Antarctic radar at McMurdo. A Chinese radar at Zhongshan, Antarctica. Two radars at the French-Italian base at Dome C, Antarctica.
23 Summary SuperDARN is an international collaborative network of HF radars that is used to study the Earth s upper atmosphere, ionosphere, and connection into Geospace. The primary data product is Doppler measurements of ionospheric convection. Much of the success of SuperDARN can be attributed to a unique capability for specifying a hemispheric state of geomagnetic activity via ionospheric convection patterns. The development of a new low-cost antenna design has jump started construction of a second generation of SuperDARN radars: (1) PolarDARN radars (Rankin Inlet and Inuvik) are providing new information about convection in the highest latitudes of the polar cap (see G05b.7 this afternoon). (2) StormDARN radars (Wallops, Hokkaido and Blackstone) are providing new information about convection at middle latitudes during quiet and disturbed conditions. During NASA THEMIS conjunctions SuperDARN radars are running a special high temporal resolution mode that is providing new information about ULF waves during substorms. Plans to expand SuperDARN include several initiatives to build new radars at high and middle latitudes in both hemispheres. New partners include the Chinese and eastern Europeans. A proposal to build 8 mid-latitude radars across the North American sector is under review.
24 SuperDARN-related Acronyms Pre-SuperDARN: STARE (Scandinavian Twin Auroral Radar Experiment) SABRE (Sweden and Britain Radar Experiment) BARS (Bistatic Auroral Radar System) SAFARI (Scandinavian and French Auroral Radar Investigation) SHERPA (Systeme HF d Etudes Radar Polaires et Aurorales) DARN (Dual Auroral Radar Network) SuperDARN: PACE (Polar Anglo-American Conjugate Experiment) CUTLASS (Collaborative UK Twin-located Auroral Sounding System) SHARE (Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment) TIGER (Tasman International Geospace Environment Radars) PolarDARN StormDARN
25 Four TTFD Antennas with Corner Reflector (26 Wires to 58 ) Element height=32 Pole Height=56 14 MHz 75 ohm loads 3.4 db 9 MHz, MHz Selected Design for Blackstone
26 Selected Design for Blackstone
27 SuperDARN Multi-Pulse Sequences A Original Goose Bay sequence τ = 2.4 ms B SuperDARN sequence τ = 2.4 ms C Experimental sequence 2002 τ = 1.2 ms Sequence A has all lags through 16; Lag 13 is repeated and not used. Sequence B uses first pulse to get unambiguous power profile. First missing lag is 16. Sequence C is Sequence B with τ set to 1.2 ms and additional pulse at beginning to provide unambiguous power profile. First missing lag is 16.
28 Access to SuperDARN Data Products All SuperDARN data for both hemispheres is available through the JHU/APL SuperDARN webpage: Registered users can download: Plots Data files Plotting software There are also real-time displays for the northern hemisphere radars.
29 Range-Time Plot: Kapuskasing (Beam 4) UT on January 11, 2001
30 Doppler Velocity Map: Kapuskasing January 11, :10:00 01:11:47 UT
31 Average Convection Patterns Binned by IMF Orientation in Y-Z GSM Plane The dominant driver for high latitude convection is merging between the geomagnetic field and the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) in the solar wind. Two-cell convection is strongest when the IMF is southward (Z-component negative). When the IMF is northward the convection is much weaker and multiple cells develop. When the IMF points toward dusk (dawn) the dusk (dawn) cell is larger. Ruohoniemi and Greenwald, 2005
32 Multi-Radar Doppler Measurements SUN
33 Substorm Event : February 22 nd 2008 Small enhancement in AL index at approximately UT is the first sign of geomagnetic activity on this particular day. At ~0437 UT the THEMIS spacecraft measured two bursts of earthward convection.
34 Substorm Event: Ground Magnetometers Cross-phase calculations of the magnetometer data estimate the Plasmapause is located at L- shell ~ (54-58Λ) (Courtesy of Zoe Kale)
35 Substorm Onset Event SWNO Ground Mag Bx By Bz THEMIS-D ESA (-10.9,2.3,-3.4) Re Vx THEMIS-E ESA (-10.1,3.1,-3.5) Re Vy Vz THEMIS-D FGM Bx By THEMIS-E FGM Bz 0400UT 0600 UT
36 Substorm Event : Shear Alfven Waves? Bx Pinawa Magnetometer By Bz Blackstone Beam UT 0450 UT The similarity between features of the oscillations seen by the Blackstone radar and the ground magnetometers suggest that the oscillations may be associated with shear Alfven waves.
Dartmouth College SuperDARN Radars
Dartmouth College SuperDARN Radars Under the guidance of Thayer School professor Simon Shepherd, a pair of backscatter radars were constructed in the desert of central Oregon over the Summer and Fall of
More informationUsing the Radio Spectrum to Understand Space Weather
Using the Radio Spectrum to Understand Space Weather Ray Greenwald Virginia Tech Topics to be Covered What is Space Weather? Origins and impacts Analogies with terrestrial weather Monitoring Space Weather
More informationSuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network)
SuperDARN (Super Dual Auroral Radar Network) What is it? How does it work? Judy Stephenson Sanae HF radar data manager, UKZN Ionospheric radars Incoherent Scatter radars AMISR Arecibo Observatory Sondrestrom
More informationScientific Studies of the High-Latitude Ionosphere with the Ionosphere Dynamics and ElectroDynamics - Data Assimilation (IDED-DA) Model
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Scientific Studies of the High-Latitude Ionosphere with the Ionosphere Dynamics and ElectroDynamics - Data Assimilation
More informationVariability in the response time of the high-latitude ionosphere to IMF and solar-wind variations
Variability in the response time of the high-latitude ionosphere to IMF and solar-wind variations Murray L. Parkinson 1, Mike Pinnock 2, and Peter L. Dyson 1 (1) Department of Physics, La Trobe University,
More informationThe Role of Ground-Based Observations in M-I I Coupling Research. John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory
The Role of Ground-Based Observations in M-I I Coupling Research John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory CEDAR/GEM Student Workshop Outline Some Definitions: Magnetosphere, etc. Space Weather Ionospheric
More information[titlelscientific Studies of the High-Latitude Ionosphere with the Ionosphere Dynamics and Electrodynamics-Data Assimilation (IDED-DA) Model
[titlelscientific Studies of the High-Latitude Ionosphere with the Ionosphere Dynamics and Electrodynamics-Data Assimilation (IDED-DA) Model [awardnumberl]n00014-13-l-0267 [awardnumber2] [awardnumbermore]
More informationHF AURORAL BACKSCATTER FROM THE E AND F REGIONS
HF AURORAL BACKSCATTER FROM THE E AND F REGIONS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE
More informationAGF-216. The Earth s Ionosphere & Radars on Svalbard
AGF-216 The Earth s Ionosphere & Radars on Svalbard Katie Herlingshaw 07/02/2018 1 Overview Radar basics what, how, where, why? How do we use radars on Svalbard? What is EISCAT and what does it measure?
More informationNew antenna layout for a SuperDARN HF radar
RADIO SCIENCE, VOL. 48, 722 728, doi:10.1002/2013rs005156, 2013 New antenna layout for a SuperDARN HF radar Edhem Custovic, 1 Andrew J. McDonald, 2 James Whittington, 1 Darrell Elton, 1 Thomas A. Kane,
More informationTesting the Re-designed SuperDARN HF Radar and Modeling of a Twin Terminated Folded Dipole Array
Testing the Re-designed SuperDARN HF Radar and Modeling of a Twin Terminated Folded Dipole Array Kevin Tyler Sterne Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
More informationCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The dependence of society to technology increased in recent years as the technology has enhanced. increased. Moreover, in addition to technology, the dependence of society to nature
More informationRegional ionospheric disturbances during magnetic storms. John Foster
Regional ionospheric disturbances during magnetic storms John Foster Regional Ionospheric Disturbances John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory Regional Disturbances Meso-Scale (1000s km) Storm Enhanced Density
More informationThe dayside ultraviolet aurora and convection responses to a southward turning of the interplanetary magnetic field
Annales Geophysicae (2001) 19: 707 721 c European Geophysical Society 2001 Annales Geophysicae The dayside ultraviolet aurora and convection responses to a southward turning of the interplanetary magnetic
More informationOCCURRENCE AND CAUSES OF F-REGION ECHOES FOR THE CANADIAN POLARDARN/SUPERDARN RADARS
OCCURRENCE AND CAUSES OF F-REGION ECHOES FOR THE CANADIAN POLARDARN/SUPERDARN RADARS A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
More informationCoupling between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere
Chapter 6 Coupling between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere It s fair to say that the ionosphere of the Earth at all latitudes is affected by the magnetosphere and the space weather (whose origin is
More informationThe Effects of Pulsed Ionospheric Flows on EMIC Wave Behaviour
The Effects of Pulsed Ionospheric Flows on EMIC Wave Behaviour S. C. Gane (1), D. M. Wright (1), T. Raita (2), ((1), (2) Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory) Continuous ULF Pulsations (Pc) Frequency band
More informationAutomatically determining the origin direction and propagation mode of high-frequency radar backscatter
RESEARCH ARTICLE 10.100/015RS005808 Key Points: HF radar backscatter returns from in front of and behind the radar Elevation angles are used to determine backscatter propagation path Interpretation of
More informationanalysis of GPS total electron content Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) storm response 2016 NEROC Symposium M. Ruohoniemi (3)
Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of GPS total electron content storm response E. G. Thomas (1), A. J. Coster (2), S.-R. Zhang (2), R. M. McGranaghan (1), S. G. Shepherd (1), J. B. H. Baker
More informationThe location and rate of dayside reconnection during an interval of southward interplanetary magnetic field
Annales Geophysicae (2003) 21: 1467 1482 c European Geosciences Union 2003 Annales Geophysicae The location and rate of dayside reconnection during an interval of southward interplanetary magnetic field
More informationMWA Ionospheric Science Opportunities Space Weather Storms & Irregularities (location location location) John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory
MWA Ionospheric Science Opportunities Space Weather Storms & Irregularities (location location location) John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory Storm Enhanced Density: Longitude-specific Ionospheric Redistribution
More informationConvection Development in the Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling System
Convection Development in the Inner Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling System Hashimoto,K.K. Alfven layer Tanaka Department of Environmental Risk Management, School of Policy Management, Kibi International
More informationOn the factors controlling occurrence of F-region coherent echoes
Annales Geophysicae (22) 2: 138 1397 c European Geophysical Society 22 Annales Geophysicae On the factors controlling occurrence of F-region coherent echoes D. W. Danskin 1, A. V. Koustov 1,2, T. Ogawa
More informationModeling of Ionospheric Refraction of UHF Radar Signals at High Latitudes
Modeling of Ionospheric Refraction of UHF Radar Signals at High Latitudes Brenton Watkins Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks USA watkins@gi.alaska.edu Sergei Maurits and Anton Kulchitsky
More informationThree-way validation of the Rankin Inlet PolarDARN radar velocity measurements
Click Here for Full Article Three-way validation of the Rankin Inlet PolarDARN radar velocity measurements A. V. Koustov, 1 J.-P. St.-Maurice, 1 G. J. Sofko, 1 D. Andre, 1 J. W. MacDougall, 2 M. R. Hairston,
More informationSuperDARN 2008 Workshop June 2008 Newcastle, Australia. Program and abstracts
SuperDARN 2008 Workshop 02-06 June 2008 Newcastle, Australia Program and abstracts SuperDARN 2008 Workshop Program Sunday 01 June 16:00-18:30 Registration 18:30-20:00 Ice-breaker Monday 02 June 01 Status
More informationand Atmosphere Model:
1st VarSITI General Symposium, Albena, Bulgaria, 2016 Canadian Ionosphere and Atmosphere Model: model status and applications Victor I. Fomichev 1, O. V. Martynenko 1, G. G. Shepherd 1, W. E. Ward 2, K.
More informationThe USU-GAIM Data Assimilation Models for Ionospheric Specifications and Forecasts
The USU-GAIM Data Assimilation Models for Ionospheric Specifications and Forecasts L. Scherliess, R. W. Schunk, L. C. Gardner, L. Zhu, J.V. Eccles and J.J Sojka Center for Atmospheric and Space Sciences
More informationSpace weather: A research grand challenge. Professor Jøran Moen (GCI-Cusp project scientist)
Space weather: A research grand challenge Professor Jøran Moen (GCI-Cusp project scientist) Birkeland Space Weather Symposium 15 JUNE 2017 Outline: Space weather phenomena in cusp Research Grand Challenges
More informationExisting and future networks of ionospheric radars in polar regions &
Existing and future networks of ionospheric radars in polar regions & EoI#159:ISPAM EISCAT Scientific Association Existing networks SuperDarn Middle atmosphere radars Incoherent Scatter Radars SuperDARN
More informationLetter to the EditorA statistical study of the location and motion of the HF radar cusp
Letter to the EditorA statistical study of the location and motion of the HF radar cusp T. K. Yeoman, P. G. Hanlon, K. A. Mcwilliams To cite this version: T. K. Yeoman, P. G. Hanlon, K. A. Mcwilliams.
More informationESS 7 Lectures 15 and 16 November 3 and 5, The Atmosphere and Ionosphere
ESS 7 Lectures 15 and 16 November 3 and 5, 2008 The Atmosphere and Ionosphere The Earth s Atmosphere The Earth s upper atmosphere is important for groundbased and satellite radio communication and navigation.
More informationEISCAT_3D The next generation European Incoherent Scatter radar system Introduction and Brief Background
EISCAT_3D The next generation European Incoherent Scatter radar system Introduction and Brief Background The high latitude environment is of increasing importance, not only for purely scientific studies,
More informationSpatial and temporal extent of ionospheric anomalies during sudden stratospheric warmings in the daytime ionosphere
Spatial and temporal extent of ionospheric anomalies during sudden stratospheric warmings in the daytime ionosphere Larisa Goncharenko, Shunrong Zhang, Anthea Coster, Leonid Benkevitch, Massachusetts Institute
More informationEISCAT Experiments. Anders Tjulin EISCAT Scientific Association 2nd March 2017
EISCAT Experiments Anders Tjulin EISCAT Scientific Association 2nd March 2017 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Overview 3 2.1 The radar systems.......................... 3 2.2 Antenna scan patterns........................
More informationStudy of small scale plasma irregularities. Đorđe Stevanović
Study of small scale plasma irregularities in the ionosphere Đorđe Stevanović Overview 1. Global Navigation Satellite Systems 2. Space weather 3. Ionosphere and its effects 4. Case study a. Instruments
More informationUnderstanding the response of the ionosphere magnetosphere system to sudden solar wind density increases
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 116,, doi:10.1029/2010ja015871, 2011 Understanding the response of the ionosphere magnetosphere system to sudden solar wind density increases Yi Qun Yu 1 and Aaron
More informationA survey of plasma irregularities as seen by the midlatitude Blackstone SuperDARN radar
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 117,, doi:10.1029/2011ja017207, 2012 A survey of plasma irregularities as seen by the midlatitude Blackstone SuperDARN radar A. J. Ribeiro, 1 J. M. Ruohoniemi, 1 J.
More information100-year GIC event scenarios. Antti Pulkkinen and Chigomezyo Ngwira The Catholic University of America & NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
100-year GIC event scenarios Antti Pulkkinen and Chigomezyo Ngwira The Catholic University of America & NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 1 Contents Objectives. Approach. Identification of four key factors
More informationThe Earth s Atmosphere
ESS 7 Lectures 15 and 16 May 5 and 7, 2010 The Atmosphere and Ionosphere The Earth s Atmosphere The Earth s upper atmosphere is important for groundbased and satellite radio communication and navigation.
More informationSolar Radar Experiments
Solar Radar Experiments Paul Rodriguez Plasma Physics Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC 20375 phone: (202) 767-3329 fax: (202) 767-3553 e-mail: paul.rodriguez@nrl.navy.mil Award # N0001498WX30228
More informationROTI Maps: a new IGS s ionospheric product characterizing the ionospheric irregularities occurrence
3-7 July 2017 ROTI Maps: a new IGS s ionospheric product characterizing the ionospheric irregularities occurrence Iurii Cherniak Andrzej Krankowski Irina Zakharenkova Space Radio-Diagnostic Research Center,
More informationAnalysis and Modeling of Mid-Latitude Decameter-Scale Plasma Wave Irregularities Utilizing GPS and Radar Observations
Analysis and Modeling of Mid-Latitude Decameter-Scale Plasma Wave Irregularities Utilizing GPS and Radar Observations A. Eltrass 1, W. A. Scales 1, P. J. Erickson 2, J. M. Ruohoniemi 1, J. B. H. Baker
More informationContinuous Global Birkeland Currents from the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment
Continuous Global Birkeland Currents from the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment Brian J Anderson, The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory COSPAR 2008,
More informationCover art supplied from NASA astronomy picture of the day web site.
A Statistical Analysis of Ionospheric Echoes Detected by the TIGER SuperDARN Radar Brendan Doherty Supervisors Dr M.L. Parkinson Professor P.L. Dyson In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
More informationA statistical analysis of ionospheric velocity and magnetic field power spectra at the time of pulsed ionospheric flows
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. A12, 1470, doi:10.1029/2002ja009402, 2002 A statistical analysis of ionospheric velocity and magnetic field power spectra at the time of pulsed ionospheric
More informationThe Ionosphere and Thermosphere: a Geospace Perspective
The Ionosphere and Thermosphere: a Geospace Perspective John Foster, MIT Haystack Observatory CEDAR Student Workshop June 24, 2018 North America Introduction My Geospace Background (Who is the Lecturer?
More informationThe importance of ground magnetic data in specifying the state of magnetosphere ionosphere coupling: a personal view
DOI 10.1186/s40562-016-0042-7 REVIEW Open Access The importance of ground magnetic data in specifying the state of magnetosphere ionosphere coupling: a personal view Y. Kamide 1,2* and Nanan Balan 3 Abstract
More informationMagnetosphere Ionosphere Coupling and Substorms
Chapter 10 Magnetosphere Ionosphere Coupling and Substorms 10.1 Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling 10.1.1 Currents and Convection in the Ionosphere The coupling between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere
More informationIonospheric response to the interplanetary magnetic field southward turning: Fast onset and slow reconfiguration
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. A8, 10.1029/2001JA000324, 2002 Ionospheric response to the interplanetary magnetic field southward turning: Fast onset and slow reconfiguration G. Lu, 1 T.
More informationSteering SuperDARN Radars
Introduction Steering SuperDARN Radars by Raymond A. Greenwald ECE, Virginia Tech An important capability for making observations with any radar is the ability to form a welldefined radar beam and steer
More informationStudy of the Ionosphere Irregularities Caused by Space Weather Activity on the Base of GNSS Measurements
Study of the Ionosphere Irregularities Caused by Space Weather Activity on the Base of GNSS Measurements Iu. Cherniak 1, I. Zakharenkova 1,2, A. Krankowski 1 1 Space Radio Research Center,, University
More informationIncoherent Scatter Radars Present, Past and Future. Bob Robinson Geospace Facilities Program National Science Foundation
Incoherent Scatter Radars Present, Past and Future Bob Robinson Geospace Facilities Program National Science Foundation 3. It is difficult to imagine an area of space science research that does not benefit
More informationSuperDARN Workshop May 3 June 2016, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. Workshop Program
SuperDARN Workshop 2016 29 May 3 June 2016, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA Workshop Program 2 Sunday, 29 May 4:00 PM Onsite registration opens 5:00 PM Icebreaker (Minto room) Monday, 30 May Roman Makarevich 9:00
More informationMapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars Part 1: A new empirical virtual height model
Ann. Geophys., 26, 823 84, 2008 European Geosciences Union 2008 Annales Geophysicae Mapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars Part : A new empirical virtual height model G. Chisham,
More informationDaily and seasonal variations of TID parameters over the Antarctic Peninsula
Daily and seasonal variations of TID parameters over the Antarctic Peninsula A. Zalizovski 1, Y. Yampolski 1, V. Paznukhov 2, E. Mishin 3, A. Sopin 1 1. Institute of Radio Astronomy, National Academy of
More informationIonospheric Hot Spot at High Latitudes
DigitalCommons@USU All Physics Faculty Publications Physics 1982 Ionospheric Hot Spot at High Latitudes Robert W. Schunk Jan Josef Sojka Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/physics_facpub
More informationSTUDY OF THE HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE WITH THE RANKIN INLET POLARDARN RADAR
STUDY OF THE HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE WITH THE RANKIN INLET POLARDARN RADAR A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree
More informationThe frequency variation of Pc5 ULF waves during a magnetic storm
Earth Planets Space, 57, 619 625, 2005 The frequency variation of Pc5 ULF waves during a magnetic storm A. Du 1,2,W.Sun 2,W.Xu 1, and X. Gao 3 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of
More informationWhat is Space Weather? THE ACTIVE SUN
Aardvark Roost AOC Space Weather in Southern Africa Hannes Coetzee 1 What is Space Weather? THE ACTIVE SUN 2 The Violant Sun 3 What is Space Weather? Solar eruptive events (solar flares, coronal Mass Space
More informationLEO GPS Measurements to Study the Topside Ionospheric Irregularities
LEO GPS Measurements to Study the Topside Ionospheric Irregularities Irina Zakharenkova and Elvira Astafyeva 1 Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Univ. Paris Diderot, UMR CNRS
More informationFuture of the HAARP Facility. Bob McCoy Director, Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks
Future of the HAARP Facility Bob McCoy Director, Geophysical Institute University of Alaska Fairbanks rpmccoy@alaska.edu 1 US Chairmanship 2015-2017 Future Space Research in Alaska: Integrated networks
More informationSpecial Thanks: M. Magoun, M. Moldwin, E. Zesta, C. Valladares, and AMBER, SCINDA, & C/NOFS teams
Longitudinal Variability of Equatorial Electrodynamics E. Yizengaw 1, J. Retterer 1, B. Carter 1, K. Groves 1, and R. Caton 2 1 Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College 2 AFRL, Kirtland AFB, NM,
More informationMonitoring the polar cap/ auroral ionosphere: Industrial applications. P. T. Jayachandran Physics Department University of New Brunswick Fredericton
Monitoring the polar cap/ auroral ionosphere: Industrial applications P. T. Jayachandran Physics Department University of New Brunswick Fredericton Outline Ionosphere and its effects on modern and old
More informationNew Chains of Space Weather Monitoring Stations in China
SPACE WEATHER, VOL. 8, S08001, doi:10.1029/2010sw000603, 2010 New Chains of Space Weather Monitoring Stations in China Chi Wang Published 19 August 2010. Citation: Wang, C. (2010), New Chains of Space
More informationRADIO SCIENCE, VOL. 42, RS4005, doi: /2006rs003611, 2007
Click Here for Full Article RADIO SCIENCE, VOL. 42,, doi:10.1029/2006rs003611, 2007 Effect of geomagnetic activity on the channel scattering functions of HF signals propagating in the region of the midlatitude
More informationCross polar cap potentials measured with Super Dual Auroral Radar Network during quasi-steady solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. A7, 1094, 10.1029/2001JA000152, 2002 Cross polar cap potentials measured with Super Dual Auroral Radar Network during quasi-steady solar wind and interplanetary
More informationMulti-instrument observations of atmospheric gravity waves/traveling ionospheric disturbances associated with enhanced auroral activity
Multi-instrument observations of atmospheric gravity waves/traveling ionospheric disturbances associated with enhanced auroral activity Zama Katamzi-Joseph *, Anasuya Aruliah, Kjellmar Oksavik, John Bosco
More informationMeasurements of doppler shifts during recent auroral backscatter events.
Measurements of doppler shifts during recent auroral backscatter events. Graham Kimbell, G3TCT, 13 June 2003 Many amateurs have noticed that signals reflected from an aurora are doppler-shifted, and that
More informationSuperDARN radar HF propagation and absorption response to the substorm expansion phase
Annales Geophysicae (22) 2: 1631 1645 c European Geosciences Union 22 Annales Geophysicae SuperDARN radar HF propagation and absorption response to the substorm expansion phase J. K. Gauld 1, T. K. Yeoman
More informationElectrodynamics in the Mid-Latitudes. Anthea Coster, MIT Haystack Observatory
Electrodynamics in the Mid-Latitudes Anthea Coster, MIT Haystack Observatory References Kelley, M. C. 1989; 2009. The Earth's ionosphere: Plasma physics and electrodynamics. International Geophysics Series,
More informationNew Synergistic Opportunities for Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling Investigations Using Swarm and CASSIOPE e-pop
New Synergistic Opportunities for Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling Investigations Using Swarm and CASSIOPE e-pop Andrew W. Yau 1, R. Floberghagen 2, Leroy L. Cogger 1, Eelco N. Doornbos 3,
More informationHeart of the black auroras revealed by Cluster
News 09-April-2015 13:46:46 Heart of the black auroras revealed by Cluster 09 April 2015 Most people have heard of auroras - more commonly known as the Northern and Southern Lights - but, except on rare
More informationHermanus Magnetic Observatory (HMO)
Hermanus Magnetic Observatory (HMO) As a Space Physics facility in Africa Presented by Danie Gouws & Elda Saunderson The HMO in a nutshell... The Hermanus Magnetic Observatory (HMO) is a national facility
More informationA study of the ionospheric effect on GBAS (Ground-Based Augmentation System) using the nation-wide GPS network data in Japan
A study of the ionospheric effect on GBAS (Ground-Based Augmentation System) using the nation-wide GPS network data in Japan Takayuki Yoshihara, Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI) Naoki Fujii,
More informationActivities of the JPL Ionosphere Group
Activities of the JPL Ionosphere Group On-going GIM wor Submit rapid and final GIM TEC maps for IGS combined ionosphere products FAA WAAS & SBAS analysis Error bounds for Brazilian sector, increasing availability
More informationFirst Results from the 2014 Coordinated Measurements Campaign with HAARP and CASSIOPE/ePOP
First Results from the 2014 Coordinated Measurements Campaign with HAARP and CASSIOPE/ePOP Carl L. Siefring, Paul A. Bernhardt, Stanley J. Briczinski, and Michael McCarrick Naval Research Laboratory Matthew
More information1. Terrestrial propagation
Rec. ITU-R P.844-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.844-1 * IONOSPHERIC FACTORS AFFECTING FREQUENCY SHARING IN THE VHF AND UHF BANDS (30 MHz-3 GHz) (Question ITU-R 218/3) (1992-1994) Rec. ITU-R PI.844-1 The ITU
More informationNON-TYPICAL SERIES OF QUASI-PERIODIC VLF EMISSIONS
NON-TYPICAL SERIES OF QUASI-PERIODIC VLF EMISSIONS J. Manninen 1, N. Kleimenova 2, O. Kozyreva 2 1 Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, Finland, e-mail: jyrki.manninen@sgo.fi; 2 Institute of Physics of the
More informationDynamical effects of ionospheric conductivity on the formation of polar cap arcs
Radio Science, Volume 33, Number 6, Pages 1929-1937, November-December 1998 Dynamical effects of ionospheric conductivity on the formation of polar cap arcs L. Zhu, J. J. Sojka, R. W. Schunk, and D. J.
More informationRADAR DEVELOPMENT BASIC CONCEPT OF RADAR WAS DEMONSTRATED BY HEINRICH. HERTZ VERIFIED THE MAXWELL RADAR.
1 RADAR WHAT IS RADAR? RADAR (RADIO DETECTION AND RANGING) IS A WAY TO DETECT AND STUDY FAR OFF TARGETS BY TRANSMITTING A RADIO PULSE IN THE DIRECTION OF THE TARGET AND OBSERVING THE REFLECTION OF THE
More informationGround-based network observations for investigation of the inner magnetosphere
Ground-based network observations for investigation of the inner magnetosphere Shiokawa, K. 1, Y. Miyoshi 1, K. Keika 2, M. Connors 3, A. Kadokura 4, T. Nagatsuma 5, N. Nishitani 1, H. Ohya 6, F. Tsuchiya
More informationHF RADIO PROPAGATION AT HIGH LATITUDES: OBSERVATIONS AND PREDICTIONS FOR QUIET AND DISTURBED CONDITIONS
HF RADIO PROPAGATION AT HIGH LATITUDES: OBSERVATIONS AND PREDICTIONS FOR QUIET AND DISTURBED CONDITIONS Bjorn Jacobsen and Vivianne Jodalen Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) P.O. Box 25, N-2027
More informationPropagation Tool.
Propagation Propagation Tool http://www.hamqsl.com/solar.html The Ionosphere is made up of several layers at varying heights above the ground: The lowest level is the D Layer (37 to 56 miles), which
More informationRadar Reprinted from "Waves in Motion", McGourty and Rideout, RET 2005
Radar Reprinted from "Waves in Motion", McGourty and Rideout, RET 2005 What is Radar? RADAR (Radio Detection And Ranging) is a way to detect and study far off targets by transmitting a radio pulse in the
More informationA Bistatic HF Radar for Current Mapping and Robust Ship Tracking
A Bistatic HF Radar for Current Mapping and Robust Ship Tracking Dennis Trizna Imaging Science Research, Inc. V. 703-801-1417 dennis @ isr-sensing.com www.isr-sensing.com Objective: Develop methods for
More informationA generic description of planetary aurora
A generic description of planetary aurora J. De Keyser, R. Maggiolo, and L. Maes Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium Johan.DeKeyser@aeronomie.be Context We consider a rotating planetary
More informationInfluence of magnetospheric processes on winter HF radar spectra characteristics
Influence of magnetospheric processes on winter HF radar spectra characteristics R. André, M. Pinnock, J.-P. Villain, C. Hanuise To cite this version: R. André, M. Pinnock, J.-P. Villain, C. Hanuise. Influence
More informationSNIPE mission for Space Weather Research. CubeSat Developers Workshop 2017 Jaejin Lee (KASI)
SNIPE mission for Space Weather Research CubeSat Developers Workshop 2017 Jaejin Lee (KASI) New Challenge with Nanosatellites In observing small-scale plasma structures, single satellite inherently suffers
More informationIonospheric flow structures associated with auroral beading at substorm auroral onset
PUBLICATIONS Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics RESEARCH ARTICLE Key Points: Fast oscillating flow structure associated with susbtorm auroral onset beads Clockwise flow shears associated with
More informationEffects of magnetic storms on GPS signals
Effects of magnetic storms on GPS signals Andreja Sušnik Supervisor: doc.dr. Biagio Forte Outline 1. Background - GPS system - Ionosphere 2. Ionospheric Scintillations 3. Experimental data 4. Conclusions
More informationRay Tracing Analysis for the mid-latitude SuperDARN HF radar at Blackstone incorporating the IRI-2007 model
Ray Tracing Analysis for the mid-latitude SuperDARN HF radar at Blackstone incorporating the IRI-2007 model Nitya Ravindran Varrier Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute
More informationCommunity Perspective: GeoSpace Observations and Analysis
Community Perspective: GeoSpace Observations and Analysis Prof. Jeff Thayer Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department OBSERVATION AND ANALYSIS OPPORTUNITIES COLLABORATING WITH THE ICON AND GOLD MISSIONS,
More informationThe EISCAT Heating Facility
The EISCAT Heating Facility Michael Rietveld EISCAT Tromsø, Norway EISCAT radar school, 30 Aug-4 Sept, 2010, Sodankylä 1 Outline Description of the hardware Antenna beams Practical details- power levels
More informationReport of Regional Warning Centre INDIA, Annual Report
Report of Regional Warning Centre INDIA, 2013-2014 Annual Report A.K Upadhayaya Radio and Atmospheric Sciences Division, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi-110012, India Email: upadhayayaak@nplindia.org
More informationSuperDARN 2011 Workshop Schedule
SuperDARN 2011 Workshop Schedule Sunday 18:00 20:00 Reception and Registration (Top of the Hop) Monday 8:00 9:00 Registration (Thayer School, Great Hall) 9:00 10:30 Welcome and Status Reports 9:00 Welcome
More informationCHARGED: An NSF-Funded Initiative to Understand the Physics of Extreme GICs Michael W. Liemohn
CHARGED: An NSF-Funded Initiative to Understand the Physics of Extreme GICs Michael W. Liemohn Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Dan Welling,
More informationPropagation During Solar Cycle 24. Frank Donovan W3LPL
Propagation During Solar Cycle 24 Frank Donovan W3LPL Introduction This presentation focuses on: The four major fall and winter DX contests: CQ WW SSB and CW ARRL DX SSB and CW The years of highest solar
More informationThe response of the high-latitude ionosphere to IMF variations
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 64 (2002) 159 171 www.elsevier.com/locate/jastp The response of the high-latitude ionosphere to IMF variations J.M. Ruohoniemi, S.G. Shepherd, R.A.
More informationIonospheric Storm Effects in GPS Total Electron Content
Ionospheric Storm Effects in GPS Total Electron Content Evan G. Thomas 1, Joseph B. H. Baker 1, J. Michael Ruohoniemi 1, Anthea J. Coster 2 (1) Space@VT, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA (2) MIT Haystack
More information