software defined radio A short introduction to radio, electronics and XXI century HAM F6ITU & Bruno.KEROUANTON.net March 22, 2013 PalExpo - Geneva

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1 software D defined R radio A short introduction to radio, electronics and XXI century HAM F6ITU & Bruno.KEROUANTON.net March 22, 2013 PalExpo - Geneva tartiflette rulez

2 He and I F6ITU a.k.a Marc OLANIÉ IT journalist ; former geek Radio Amateur, HF guru ;) Bruno KEROUANTON Head of IT ecurity (CIO) Former {geek && demomaker}

3 Concerned with Drone poofing? A short warning notice!...

4 Radio

5 Regulatory authorities (if your need a license or info) witzerland : Office Fédéral des Communications (OFCOM) France : Agence Nationale des Fréquences (ANFR) + ART

6 Let s start with a Quiz!

7 Watizit? (Keskecé?)

8 Quiz #1 Let s zoom a bit (It s no watercooling, folks)

9 From traditional radio * * (by the way, visit & support!)

10 From traditional radio to DR * * (by the way, visit & support lana-sator.livejournal.com!)

11 Radio «old-school» mall portable radio receiver Modes : FM, AM, B Ranges : FM, LW, MW, W Very good, but «Obsolete technology» 40 years old at least!

12 The Genesis (on my blog)

13 (some) advantages of DR ource (National Instruments)

14 A bit of signal theory

15 E. Ducretet & L. Levy version 1900 (Traditional Radio)

16 E. Ducretet & L. Levy version 2013 (oftware Defined Radio)

17 Very important theory, part 1 Joseph Fourier ( ) Any complex signal is «just» a sum of sinusoids Easy to compose or decompose a complex signal FFT is the «fast» implementation so useful!!!

18 Very important theory, part 2 What can define a signal? A signal is defined by Frequency, Amplitude and Phase Fourier (FFT) trength Time shift Measuring all 3 at the same time? Use I and Q!

19 The 6 fundamental components of a DR Antenna PLL+DD FPGA Tayloe mixer ADC/DAC oftware

20 Antenna Those electrosmog attracters Antennas are a tradeoff for signal/quality bandwith The better the antenna, the better the reception Choose antenna according to frequency to receive Gain up to 30dBi

21 DD Direct Digital ynthesis DEC TART INC POINTER ; Increase the text pointer LDA #7 TA COUNTER ; Initialize X-scroll OUT JMP $EA7E ; Return from interrupt ; Hardcoded sin table IN BYT 0,3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30,32 BYT 35,38,40,42,45,47,49,51,53,54 BYT 56,57,59,60,61,62,62,63,63,63 CROLL CR "HAPPY INOMNIHACK 2013!"

22 FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array Performance Fast and efficient > 30/50 Msamples/s up to 150! Mainly used for Digital Down Converter (DDC)

23 Tayloe Mixer Getting I and Q Phase shifting : Getting a quadrature signal is the fundamental concept of DR! In phase Quadrature

24 ADC / DAC Analog-to-Digital Converter ADC : To input (receive) the signal DAC : To output (transmit) the signal

25 DR oftware RX (Receive) : Direct input from the sound card (I and Q) TX (Transmit) : Direct output to the sound card (I and Q) oftware can then get amplitude, frequency and phase - Display the waterfall spectrum - Focus on any frequency range - Decode it (FM, AM, B, CW, ) - Or encode it (to transmit)

26 ome DR Hardware

27 URP The first public DR (Army did it in the 70 s 80 s!) Ettus Research (acquired by National Instruments) Professional, but quite expensive!

28 Rhode+chwarz vs RTL2832u What should I choose?

29 Rhode+chwarz vs RTL2832u $ $ 7 Extensive Training needed Plug-n-play (high frequency range & bandwith) (less reliable but still OK!)

30 ebay : find anything!

31 Homemade DR The best compromise!

32 ome DR software

33 First, Zadig! Windows driver for RTL2832U Openource generic UB Driver Needed to operate the RTL2832U Good info Get latest version (automated downloader/installer) at

34 Then, DR# (or DR harp, as you like)

35 Listening to radio with HDDR

36 Another one : pectrum Lab Lots of functions, bells and whistles a bit too much!

37 Decoding «anything» with MultiPK Powerful, and lots of protocols implemented Very poor/weird interface good luck! and unfortunately shareware ;(

38 Watching planes with ADB# and ADBcope ADB# (receiver) + ADBcope (display)

39 ADB «playback»

40 ADB «playback»

41 ADB «playback»

42 Hacking everything with GNUradio The «ultimate lab» tool wiss knife of experimentation Too complicated for beginners URP highly recommended ;(

43 Extending open research with OMOCOM Open project, based on GNURadio Open implementation of popular radio protocols GM TETRA GMR APCO25 DECT and many others! Build your own home-made GM infrastructure!

44 Towards the intelligent radio a full fledged DR network Cognitive networks End-to end hardware homogeneity End-to-end protocol homogeneity elf-adaptating DR network Any node can be a POF

45 DR in practice Ready for a demo?

46

47 Answer to the Quiz Watwazit? (Cétékoi?)

48 ome URLs oftware Zadig + DR# rtlsdr.org/softwarewindows and sdrsharp.org HDDR pectrum Lab ADB# sdrsharp.org ADB cope GnuRadio gnuradio.org Osmocom osmocom.org Hardware RTL2832U realtek.com.tw (and ebay.com) URP ettus.com

49 Thanks for listening ;) And have a nice evening too! Bruno éé. net Marc f6itu. wordpress. com

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