Proton Induced Thermal Stress Wave Measurements in. Solid Targets

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1 Proton Induced Thermal Stress Wave Measurements in Solid Targets R. Wilfinger, J. Lettry, A. Fabich, M. Eller, R. Catherall, E. Barbero, D. Carminati, B. Crepieux

2 Laser Doppler Vibrometer Single-Point Out-of-Plane Laser Doppler Vibrometer from Polytec LDV laser pure vertical shift y March 16 th, 2005, page 2 measured horizontal effect x

3 Vibration Modes of a Cylinder Principle: moving thermal stress wave Proton beam from PSB Laser Vibrometer beam Longitudinal mode: Radial mode: Thermal Stress Wave (Compression Wave) caused by the Proton Beam Pulse (indicated by red spot) Rolling: T 1 T 2 T 1 << T 2 Laser Vibrometer Beam Surface movement caused by a compression stress wave R Bending mode: r March 16 th, 2005, page 3

4 Laser Vibrometer Setup at ISOLDE LDV-head on a tripod (between the robot parking of GPS and HRS) Standard CNGS C-target (d = 5 mm, l = 100 mm) Ta-cylinder (d = 10mm, l = 100 mm) Surface coated mirror on a tripod (HRS Front-End, ISOLDE Prime Area) March 16 th, 2005, page 4

5 LDV & Target at TT40 TT40 Tunnel (LDV-head on concrete blocks, TI8 SPS-LHC transfer-line with dipoles and quadrupoles, TED and CNGS target in 40 m distance) March 16 th, 2005, page 5 CNGS Target in front of TED (Inside a container with N 2 -gas) Laser beam deflection on surface coated mirror (with remote controlled motors to tilt the mirror)

6 Analysis CNGS target (CNGS-14), proton beam: 4 bunches, 32 TP, 2 mm horizontally displaced, LDV laser: upstream entrance region of the target (1 cm distance to target end-plate) Each signal ( data points): correct signal drop-outs (manually) offset correction numerical integration (KEPLER) to receive displacement signal time shift to compare with other signals qualitative analysis quantitative analysis FFT Time- Frequency analysis March 16 th, 2005, page 6

7 Ta Cylinder Tantalum at room-temperature.) response according wave motion in elastic solids.) transient time increases for displaced beams.) radial oscillation:.) bending March 16 th, 2005, page 7

8 Pb-Cylinder plastic deform. Lead at room-temperature.) similar material parameters like Tantalum at 2000 C Ta-converter of target #183: after about 5.5E+18 protons, (around pulses with full intensity (32 Tp/pulse)) Plastic deformation:.) melting and recrystallization of grain borders.) thermal stress wave Pb target: after about 80 Tp protons, (7 pulses with 1 bunch (8Tp) and one pulse with full intensity (32 Tp)) March 16 th, 2005, page 8

9 Pb-Cylinder axiall.. displaced Temperature profile for different proton pulse structures:.) All pulses: same proton number, but different pulse length.) Higher displacement amplitude (radial & bending) for longer pulse length March 16 th, 2005, page 9

10 CNGS vertically displaced First response:.) big difference for vertical (-1 mm) and horizontal (+2 mm) compared to others.) doubling of amplitude due to irradiated support..) 1/e-damping: ~130 µs! Bending:.) triangular shape!.) 1/e-damping: up to 16 ms!.) difference of CNGS-7 due to jumping & free fall Therefore no rolling. March 16 th, 2005, page 10

11 CNGS entrance / center Bending:.) 180 phase shift.) same amplitude for entrance and target center.) indicating free end oscillation.) amplitude corresponds directly to beam position March 16 th, 2005, page 11

12 Summary & Outlook Summary: -) no mass load on the object of interest -) contact free -) measurement parameter: Doppler shifted frequency -) distance to target: 0.5 m up to 40 m (verified!) -) high dynamic range -) reproducibility (for long term tests: fatigue, change of material parameters) -) displacements measurable even in nm-range! -) useable for frequencies up to 40 (or even 100) MHz -) sampling rate: 10 ns (PSB proton bunch length: 230 ns) -) for cylindrically shaped surface: vertical effects can be analyzed Outlook: -) Record signals at different horizontal positions along the target axis (for different beam parameters). Important for CNGS target and for longitudinal wave analysis. -) Test new target materials and geometries. -) Transfer function between target and target support / front-end March 16 th, 2005, page 12

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