A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch

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1 A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch Tired of plugging and unplugging connectors every time you change modes? Try this easy-to-build switch and make digital operating fun again! By Chris Cieslak, AA9HD It wasn t long after I bought my HF transceiver and put up a shiny new multiband vertical antenna that I became intrigued by the strange warbling sounds I heard around MHz. I became even more intrigued when I found out what the sounds were: Slow Scan Television, otherwise known as SSTV. Hams were sending full-color, high-resolution pictures across the country and around the world! And, if you already had a computer, you could get on the air for only a few bucks! [1] Well, being almost as much of a computer nut as I am a radio nut, it seemed too good to be true. After a visit to the local electronics emporium, a few minutes at the workbench, and an hour of software downloading, I was in business. Pictures from Oklahoma, Montana, and Hawaii were coming in crystal-clear, and hams all over the country were finally able to catch a glimpse of my smiling mug. All was well until the next hamfest... The Plot Thickens By this time, I was becoming a certified SSTV enthusiast. The hamfest came and went, and I found myself owning a used PK-232 multimode data controller. Again, after a visit to the local electronics emporium, and a few minutes at the workbench, I was having a blast on the HF digital modes, RTTY in particular. The RTTY operators I met were kind and courteous, and I had many pleasant ragchews. I even entered the RTTY Roundup and had my first taste of digital contesting. [2] But all was not right. The cables behind my computer and radio had multiplied with the addition of all the new equipment. Switching from the PK-232 to the microphone to the SSTV adapter was a real pain. If I heard a slow-scanner calling CQ on MHz, by the time I had all the cables plugged in correctly and the software loaded, he was already sending a picture to another ham. The Solution After another trip to the workbench, I came up with the simple circuit in Figure 1. It s a simple, inexpensive, easy to build switch. Just turn the knob to operate voice, data, or SSTV. But wait, you say. There are eight pins on my radio s microphone connector, but the switch only has two poles! Well, not everything has to be switched. So, you ask, What does? To answer that, we ll have to find out what all those pins do. (Note: All pin numbers and descriptions are for ICOM radios. Kenwood and Yaesu radios have pins with similar functions. See Tables 1 and 2 for more details.) November QST: A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch - Page 1

2 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the TNC/SSTV switch. S1 Two-pole, three (or more) position rotary switch (Radio Shack A) J1 Five-pin DIN jack. Your TNC cable connects here. J2, J3 Mike jacks, 8-pin or whatever is compatible with your microphone. Your microphone plugs into J2. You ll need to make up a cable to go between J3 and the microphone jack on your transceiver. J4 Two conductor phono jack. Connect the PTT switching line from your SSTV adapter to this jack. Table 1 Microphone Pinouts for Most Yaesu Transceivers Pin Name Description Connect To 1 UP When grounded, tunes radio up in frequency Pin 1, microphone connector 2 GND Ground Ground 3 DN When grounded, tunes radio down in frequency Pin 3, microphone connector 4 FAST When grounded, speeds up tuning rate Pin 4, microphone connector 5 FAST When grounded, speeds up tuning rate Pin 5, microphone connector 6 PTT When grounded, puts radio in transmit mode Pin 6, microphone connector; Pin 3, TNC connector; SSTV PTT jack 7 GND Ground Ground 8 MIC AUDIO Microphone audio Switch S1B Table 2 Microphone Pinouts for Most Kenwood Transceivers Pin Name Description Connect To 1 MIC AUDIO Microphone audio Switch S1B November QST: A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch - Page 2

3 2 PTT When grounded, puts radio in transmit mode Pin 6, microphone connector; Pin 3, TNC connector; SSTV PTT jack 3 DN When grounded, tunes radiodown in frequency Pin 3, microphone connector 4 UP When grounded, tunes radio up in frequency Pin 4, microphone connector 5 +8V +8 V for amplified microphones Pin 5, microphone connector 6 NC Not connected Nothing 7 MIC GND Ground for microphone Ground 8 GND Ground Ground Pin 1: Microphone Input. This is the line that is normally connected to your microphone. We ll switch this between your mike, the AFSK output of your TNC, and the audio output of your SSTV adapter or PC sound card. Pin 2: +8V. Eight volts at about 10 ma are supplied at this pin for amplified microphones. Your TNC and SSTV adapter don t need this; we ll wire it directly to the switch s microphone connector. Pin 3: Frequency Up/Down. This pin allows you to control the radio s frequency from the microphone. As in the case of Pin 2, only the mike needs this. Pin 4: Squelch. This pin tells your TNC when the squelch is open on your radio. By looking at this pin, the TNC knows when not to interfere with other stations sending packets. Your microphone and SSTV adapter don t use this, so we ll wire it to the TNC connector. (Note that some TNCs don t use this line as well; they rely strictly on the presence of data to know when the channel is active. If you own such a TNC, don t worry about this pin.) Pin 5: PTT (Push To Talk). Grounding this line causes the radio to switch into transmit mode. Since the PTT button on your microphone and the PTT outputs on your TNC and SSTV adapters are nothing more than simple on-off switches, we can wire them in parallel with no problems. Pins 6 and 7: PTT and Microphone Ground. While these are two separate pins, we can wire them together and connect them to the switch s ground, providing excellent shielding against stray RF in the shack. Pin 8: Receive Audio. Some rigs make receiver audio available here for various reasons. This is the audio that is also being sent to the radio s speaker. The AF GAIN or VOLUME control on your rig does have an effect on this output. The exception is when you re using a fixed-level audio output, usually available at a jack on the back of the radio (this is really the best way to pipe audio to your TNC or SSTV system). In either case, we need to switch this signal to the AFSK INPUT of the TNC, and the audio input of your SSTV adapter or PC sound card. Kenwood and Yaesu transceivers don t have this pin; if you have a Kenwood, Yaesu or other transceiver, or use an audio filter or fixed-level audio jack, wire the EXTERNAL SPEAKER or AUDIO OUT to S1A of the switch circuit as shown in Figure 1. Switching only the MICROPHONE IN and RECEIVE AUDIO signals allows us to use cheap, easily available rotary switches such as Radio Shack A. Rotary switches that would allow us to switch all six pins (we don t need to switch the ground pins!) are beyond the budgets of many new hams. Construction All parts are available at your local Radio Shack or hamfest flea market. I suggest housing everything in a small metal enclosure such as the Radio Shack or A. Take a look at the rotary switch and compare it to Figure 2. (If you re not using the Radio Shack A, layout may be different.) We ll call the solder lug in the center the input, and the lugs above the input we ll designate as outputs. This particular switch has six outputs, which are three more than we need. It doesn t really matter which three you use, as long as you use the November QST: A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch - Page 3

4 same three on both sides! And, as a side benefit, you can add more devices later (such as digital voice keyers). Figure 2 Rear view of the Radio Shack A switch and its equivalent schematic. After mounting the connectors and switch in the enclosure, wire them together with shielded wire. Good shielding is vital (see Figure 3)! Without it, you could suffer from a hum or buzz on your signal, making it very unpleasant for fellow hams to talk to you and possibly affecting data and SSTV transmissions. Figure 3 An internal view of my personal TNC/SSTV switchbox, with a couple of creative touches of my own added! Photo courtesy of Ken Leiding, KB9QXD. Pay close attention to the numbering of the microphone and TNC connectors; it s easy to confuse all the pins! If you are connecting the SSTV outputs to a computer s sound card (for the Harlan Technologies programs, WinPix Pro, or W95SSTV) I recommend using a 600-Ω 1:1 transformer (such as the Radio Shack ) between the SSTV MIC INPUT switch terminal and the rear panel jack. What If It Doesn t Work? It can get a bit confusing trying to attach all those wires to the rotary switch. Make sure you trace each wire from the rear connectors to the switch. An ohmmeter or continuity tester is a big help here. I live in an apartment and don t have the best RF ground. There s quite a bit of stray RF energy roaming around in the shack, and it s liable to sneak into the switch. When experimenting with different switches, I found that neglecting to solder a cable s shield to ground could completely distort my transmitted audio. As I ve already mentioned, good shielding pays in the long run! November QST: A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch - Page 4

5 Be Creative! Why not make the switch even more convenient? If your transceiver doesn t include VOX (voice-activated switching) or speech compression (for a louder SSB signal), build them in! Circuits can be found in the ARRL Handbook and parts kits can be purchased from kit manufacturers. [3] Remember it s your project! Don t be afraid to experiment! Success The switch has taken a place of honor alongside my HF rig. All the cables are now tucked away; no more rat s nest behind my desk. What are you waiting for? Add new modes and new convenience to your shack. Now excuse me while I read the mail on MHz... Notes 1For information on inexpensive slow scan television systems, see Getting Started with SSTV by Ramon L. Glidden in the September, 1997 QST, p 53. 2See 1997 RTTY Roundup Results, August 1997 QST. 3Ten-Tec s T-Kit division can be reached at N. 16th Ave Melrose Park, IL ccieslak@uiuc.edu November QST: A Simple Microphone/TNC/SSTV Switch - Page 5

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