An RF-Powered Temperature Sensor Designed for Biomedical Applications
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1 An RF-Powered Temperature Sensor Designed for Biomedical Applications Gustavo Campos Martins, Fernando Rangel de Sousa GRF, UFSC September 4, 2013 Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
2 Summary 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
3 Summary Introduction 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
4 Motivation Introduction Continuous patient monitoring Early detection of complications by continuous sensing of vital signs Small wireless devices: no battery Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
5 RF-Powered sensors Introduction Reader device: sends energy and receives data Sensor device: receives energy and sends data Energy Sensor Data Reader This work: an RF-powered temperature sensor to measure human body temperature (35 to 42 o C) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
6 Summary System Architecture 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
7 System Architecture Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering Input signal frequency: 900 MHz Fabrication technology: IBM 130 nm Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
8 Summary RF Front End 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
9 RF Front End Backscattering Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering Reader Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
10 RF Front End Backscattering and Impedance Matching Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering RF-DC S11 (db) V bks (V) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
11 RF Front End Backscattering and Impedance Matching Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering RF-DC S11 (db) Amostras f (MHz) S11 (db) Worst case S11 in the Monte Carlo simulation = 15 db Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
12 RF Front End Rectifier Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector 16 Stages Backscattering Doubler Stage Native transistors in diode configuration Output conditions: V dc = 1 V e I dc = 10 µa Power convertion efficiency: PCE = P dc P av = 10% Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
13 Summary Analog Circuits 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
14 limiter Analog Circuits Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering I (µa) ,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 V DD (V) 1,5 1,2 V dc (V) 0,9 0,6 0,3 0, P av (dbm) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
15 Mode Selector Analog Circuits Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering V ref V slope Inputs (V) V dc (V) V ctr (V) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0-0,2 0 0,3 0,6 V off 0,9 V on 1,2 V dc (V) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
16 Analog Circuits Regulator Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
17 Analog Circuits Temperature Sensor Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering Reference generator TC I 1 V t8 V t8 T 1 R 1 R 1 T f I bias = KI ref Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
18 Temperature Sensor Analog Circuits Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering I ref (na) T ( o C) I ref V ref V ref (mv) I ref (na) TC I = 1.22 %/ o C, I ref = 613 na I ref 20 V ref V dd (V) V ref (mv) Calibration method to achieve less than 0.2 o C measurement error Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
19 Summary Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
20 Simulation Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results Impedance Matching RF-DC Regulator Reference Source Limiter Mode Selector Backscattering Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
21 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results Simulation V dd (V) V dc (V) V bks (V) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0, t (µs) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0, t (µs) 1,2 1 0,8 0,6 0,4 0, t (µs) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
22 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results Measurement Results - Rectifier S11 (db) Medido Simulado f (MHz) PCE = 10% for Pav = 10 dbm, Vdc = 1 V and Idc = 10 µa Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
23 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results Measurement Results - Limiter and Backscattering I (µa) Simulation Measurements Limiter V DD (V) S11 (db) Backscattering Measurements Simulation 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 V bks (V) Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
24 Summary Conclusion 1 Introduction 2 System Architecture 3 RF Front End 4 Analog Circuits 5 Full-system Simulations and Measurement Results 6 Conclusion Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
25 Comparison Conclusion An RF-powered temperature sensor (35 to 42 o C) that has measurement error < 0.2 o C was designed and partially tested Reference [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] This work Technology ( nm) Frequency ( MHz) Area ( mm 2 ) Standby power ( µw) Active power ( µw) PCE (%) P av,min (dbm) [1] KOCER, F.; FLYNN, M. An rf-powered, wireless cmos temperature sensor. Sensors Journal, IEEE, [2] YEAGER, D. et al. A 9 µa, Addressable Gen2 Sensor Tag for Bio-signal Acquisition. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, [3] REINISCH, H. et al. A multifrequency passive sensing tag with on-chip temperature sensor and off-chip sensor interface using epc hf and uhf rfid technology. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of, [4] VAZ, A. et al. Full passive uhf tag with a temperature sensor suitable for human body temperature monitoring. Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on, [5] QIAN, J. et al. A passive UHF tag for RFID-based train axle temperature measurement system. In: Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC), 2011 IEEE, Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
26 Conclusion Thank you! Gustavo C. Martins (GRF, UFSC) RF-Powered Temperature Sensor September 4, / 26
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