JRA5: Smart Focal Planes

Transcription

1 JRA5: Smart Focal Planes Colin Cunningham UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh Callum Norrie, Suzie Ramsay Howat, Peter Hastings, Eli Atad: UK ATC, Juergen Schmoll: Durham, Eric Prieto, Frederic Zamkotsian: LAM, Roger Haynes, Jeremy Bailey: AAO, Lorenzo Zago: CSEM, Paco Garzon: IAC, Ian Parry: Cambridge, Fabio Bortoletto: Padua And many others at Astron, CRAL,TNO-TPD, Reflex, LFM

2 What do we mean by Smart Focal Planes? Smart Focal Planes are devices that enable the efficient sampling of a telescope focal plane to feed spectroscopic and imaging instruments But note that we do not include smart focal plane detectors in this programme JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 2

3 Participants The Smart Focal Planes Team Laboratoire d Astrophysique Marseille Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias UK Astronomy Technology Centre Centre for Advanced Instrumentation, University of Durham Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge Anglo Australian Observatory ASTRON TNO-TPD CSEM SA Observatories of Padua & Milan Reflex SRO LFM, University of Bremen France France Spain UK UK UK UK/Australia Netherlands Netherlands Switzerland Italy Czech Republic Germany JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 3

4 Motivation Put Europe in a leading position for developing instruments for the next generation of giant telescopes by developing technology to enable Smart Focal Planes JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 4

5 Programme Structure JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 5

6 JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 6

7 Setting Technology working specifications Use ELT MOS instrument concepts from FP6 design study as challenging pointers for technology development Multi Object Multi Spectrometer and Imager (MOMSI) to 100m OWL interface WFSPEC seeing limited/ground Layer AO wide field spectrometer JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 7

8 MOMSI science Exploitation of the Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics corrected field of view How can this be achieved by a practical instrument? Sampling the 2 arcmin field at the diffraction limit for imaging alone requires thousands of detectors. JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 8

9 MOMSI pick-off field JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 9

10 General principles Déformable steering mirror Pick-off mirror placed by robot Spherical pick-off mirror Intégral field unit and spectrometer Toroidal steering mirror Displacement of the steering mirror: Tip- tilt Aberration compensation Optical path difference compensation Deformable Mirror Pick-off mirror From Eric Prieto, LAM JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 10

11 Technology Developments JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 11

12 Starbugs Developed by the Anglo Australian Observatory JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 12

13 Pick-Off Mirrors & Positioner Starbugs may have development problems, and without wireless power and control have trailing harness Simple Dumb Pick-Off Mirrors and a pick-andplace mechanism are seen as an alternative with longer heritage from fibre positioners JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 13

14 Planetary Positioner for Dumb POMS JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 14

15 Planetary Positioner for Dumb POMS JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 15

16 Gripper precision gripper with z-axis motion and through axis optical hole for mirror placing JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 16

17 Beam Steering Deformable Mirrors JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 17

18 WFSPEC Slit-based MOS Spectrometer Spec 4 FOV, GLAO or seeing-limited 0.6 > 2.5 um Very hard to do for F/6 OWL We decided to base the slit MOS spec closer to 8-10m MOS instrument such as EMIR for GTC, with a 1 FOV This is still difficult needs a very fast camera JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 18

19 SMART-MOS Science link from ELT Science Study to SMART-MOS complete Instrument Requirements Document Complete with OWL ICD Zemax optical designs show feasible configurations for: a) transmissive reconfigurable slits with a field flattener b) Reflective MOEMs slits and a 2 m curved focal plane Limitation on FOV in NIR to ~1arcmin comes from present size limitation of IR optics to around 300 mm. Specifications derived for reconfigurable slits and MOEMs. MOEMs focal plane to consist of sixteen 45*45mm arrays butted with mirrors tilting at 20. JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 19

20 Slit mechanisms Developed for JWST NIRSPEC Two alternatives: Sliding bars originally proposed by David Crampton at HIA Victoria, Canada, developed by CSEM MOEMS shutters developed by Harvey Moseley at NASA Goddard We are developing MOEMS mirror arrays JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 20

21 Macro mechanism Lorenzo Zago, CSEM JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 21

22 Prototype for JWST JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 22

23 Development work in Opticon Cost reductions Slit bars Extruded not ground Machined rather than EDM Novel actuator drives for 200 actuators for 50 slit mask JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 23

24 MOEMS reconfigurable slits Frederic Zamkotsian, LAM JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 24

25 MOEMS Shutters for JWST JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 25

26 LAM Characterization bench White light CCD camera (pupil imagery) L2 L5 Sources definition and location Filters Input pupil L3 L1 Micro-Mirror Array L4 Output pupil CCD camera (Contrast measurement)

27 Contrast of the MMA (DMD1) Contrast for 0 /10 configuration 1 MMA ON 0 / 10 OF F 4 MMA Effective contrast = 400 Resolved contrast in +/-10 configuration ON +/- 10 OFF F/34 F/34 F/ Effective contrast > 3000 JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 27

28 MOEMS Mirror array spec Programmable slit mask = micro-mirror array One micro-mirror ON / astronomical element Deflection angle: 20 (ON position) Mirror surface flat Gaps between mirrors have to be minimized Micro-element size: 100 µm x 200 µm Driving voltage: < 100 V Array size: according to the field of view and the plate scale Contrast ratio target: 3000 Fill factor: > 90% Reliability, cryoactuation, JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 28

29 MOEMS Mirror elements Prototype element made at Institute of Microtechnology at University of Neuchatel, Switzerland Following survey of low cost MOEMS capabilities in Europe 200 microns JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 29

30 Image Slicers Durham ++ Image slicers used to split up field to generate 3D data cube Replication seen as attractive for 100+ slicers Test Pieces to determine design constraints & surface finish obtainable Industry has expertise from X-ray Mirrors Reflex (Czech Republic) & Media Lario (Italy) Make replicated Image Slicer to GNIRS design JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 30

31 Aim: replicate GNIRS slicer JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 31

32 JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 32

33 The replication challenger parts JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 33

34 Replicated components JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 34

35 Surface profile JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 35

36 Fibres - Ian Parry, IoA Cambridge Fibre IFUs can be quite large for ELTs 25mm diam. Idea: fix IFU to glass plate using gas pressure 47Kg force Will work at -60C JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 36

37 Enabling Technologies & Support Cryomechanisms Review Linear Slides Friction study Metrology Systems Engineering Technology Roadmapping JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 37

38 Linear Actuators - ASTRON Comprehensive overview done on currently available Linear Actuators that can operate at cryogenic temperatures Comprehensive study of suitable materials, surface treatments, coating and design for linear sliders Currently testing actuators and bearings towards production of cryogenic linear positioning prototype suitable for example for use in pick-off arms JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 38

39 Review of cryogenic actuators and position sensors UK ATC Review of 75 ground-based instruments from 1982 to date: MOTORS ROTARY MOTION ANGULAR MOTION LINEAR MOTION ENCODING BEARINGS BACKLASH CONTROL Conclusions made on best practice and areas where development is needed JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 39

40 Friction study - IAC Study of dynamic resistance of materials for braking of GRISM wheels in cryogenic environment Nituff/Nituff and Stainless Steel/Bronze showed good results JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 40

41 Achievements Summary Developed Instrument concepts to set working specifications for Technology Development Reviewed enabling cryo-mechanical technologies Working Starbug prototypes Novel Pick and Place mechanism concept > prototype Started development of beam-steering deformable mirrors Developed replication techniques for image slicers Identified source for cryo MOEMS mirrors for MOS and made single element JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 41

42 Milestone chart Description Report on new ways to manufacture fibre-based IFUs for the wavelength range microns Smart Focal Planes instrument concepts & requirements document Pre-Prototype pick-off mechanism made Report on concepts, technology and materials for Cryo mechanisms for actuators and linear slides Report on slit configuration technologies and manufacturing Development plan for Cryogenic MOEMS test facility Report on image slicer technology and manufacturing Smooth image slicer optics test pieces made Transmissive devices test pieces made Report on fibre materials and fibre IFUs for multi-object applications Prototypes of key beam steering elements made (rescheduled because of adoption of active mirrors) six monthly ) progress reports Project Month Due Project Month Achieved JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 42

43 Financial Summary After 18 months Manpower Equipment Travel Subcontract Indirect Total Planned Actual JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 43

44 Links to other FP6 programmes Key Technologies Network ELT Instruments Roadmapping at Grenoble Optics for ELT Instruments workshop coming up in Rome ELT Design Study Colin Cunningham the leading instrument studies, following on from the studies in SFP and the OWL instrument studies JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 44

45 Next steps Decide on priorities for next phase of development Develop working prototypes Starbugs Planetary Positioner Beam Steering deformable mirrors Replicated Image Slicer MOEMS mirror elements Propose prototype instrument based on these technologies Build a MOMSI/MOMFIS! JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 45

46 Proposal Development of a single unit low cost integrated IFU / Spectrometer More instruments are considering the use of multiple spectrometers a concept which is only feasible if costs for these are reduce and their volume minimised. Exciting concepts for such a device have emerged from LAM and the UKATC within the SFP programme, and this will be extended with the inclusion of an industrial contractor (TBD). Total Eligible Cost 171k JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 46

47 Proposal Development of a micron-accuracy widefield pick-off metrology system For both star-bugs and a planetary positioner system an optical metrology system will be required to know precisely the position and orientation of many tens of pick-off mirrors simultaneously. This will take advantage of AAOs heavily sub-pixel positioning software expertise. Total Eligible Cost 229k JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 47

48 Proposal Development of a Smart MOS demonstrator The objective of this work will be to take advantage of the promising work on MOEMs where critical functions are being experimentally validated to the next technology readiness level full MOEMs slit subsystem validation in a laboratory environment. This work will continue the collaboration of LAM, IAC and UKATC. Total Eligible Cost 186k JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 48

49 Summary Very successful! New Technologies developed On track for spend but next phase will be a challenge New teams and partnerships working well Exciting future concepts for ELT instruments Plans for further development now need to look for funding sources JRA5 Smart Focal Planes, Sept 05 49