Latest developments and future prospects of research in KCAP. K B Yoon. Korea Center for Artificial Photosynthesis

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1 Latest developments and future prospects of research in KAP K B Yoon Korea enter for Artificial Photosynthesis

2 Korea enter for Artificial Photosynthesis Established on Sep 30, 2009, Supported by NRF and MST KAP Goal Develop science and technology for commercialization of artificial photosynthesis

3 Participants 14 Professors from 8 Universities Sogang University 5 Yonsei University 2 UNIST 2 KAIST 1 PSTEH 1 Hanyang University 1 Inha University 1 Kyungpook National University 1 1 Industry Pohang Steel ompany (PS) 1

4 PSFrancisco Hall

5 PSFrancisco Hall

6 Longterm approaches (by 2050) Artificial Leaf A Artificial Leaf B Molecular Enzyme 6

7 Shortterm approaches (by 2025) Solar cell/water electrolysis/ 2 reduction 1) ER (overpotential, Tafel slope, price) 2) HER (overpotential, Tafel slope, price) nanoparticle/water photolysis/ 2 reduction 1) Water reduction catalyst (heterogeneous) 2) H reduction catalyst (heterogeneous) 7

8 Types of research in KAP Water splitting 2 reduction 2 capture Solar cell Electrochemical (HER, ER Electrodes) Artificial Leaf (Assembly) Molecular Enzyme (Mechanism) Electrochemical (H 2 ) Photochemical (Sacrificial Donor) Thermal (H 2 ) Microbiological (H 2 ) Artificial Leaf (H 2 ) Molecular Enzyme (SD and H 2 ) Physisorption DSS IGS

9 verpotential ( ) verpotential ( ) verpotential ( ) urrent density (A/cm 2 ) urrent density (A/cm 2 ) urrent density (A/cm 2 ) Electrocatalytic Activity and Tafel plots of KAP and Pt HER Electrodes a M H 2 S 4 1 M Na 2 S 4 1 M KH b c Pt plate KAP/ SUS Pt plate KAP/ SUS Pt plate KAP/ SUS d E / V vs. RHE E /V vs. RHE E /V vs. RHE Pt plate e Pt plate f Pt plate 0.3 KAP/SUS Pt/Pd/Pt/ETS10/SUS 0.8 Pt/Pd/Pt/ETS10/SUS KAP/SUS KAP/SUS Pt/Pd/Pt/ETS10/SUS mv/dec 411 mv/dec 149 mv/dec mv/dec 68 mv/dec mv/dec 76 mv/dec 28 mv/dec 14 mv/dec mv/dec mv/dec 38 mv/dec 55 mv/dec 28 mv/dec mv/dec log (A / cm 2 ) log (A / cm 2 ) log (A / cm 2 ) 9

10 Acidic condition Basic condition Bright Ni Nio (V) 0.2 Bright NiMo Bright NiMo Ru 2 Ir 2 NiMod NiFe NiMo log j (A/cm 2 ) 10

11 j / (ma/cm 2 ) Under AM 1.5G 100 mw cm 2. STH = 18.6 % (1.73, 15.1) Triple junction PV 30.2 cm J sc = 15.1 ma/cm 2 V oc = 2.64 V ff = 0.82 = 32.8 % V / volts

12 Reported STH efficiency (%) SolartoHydrogen onversion Efficiencies 20 PV and catalyst configuration J, integrated PVs and catalysts 2J, integrated PVs, wired catalyst 2J, series connected PVs or catalysts 3J, integrated PVs and catalysts 3J, integrated PVs, wired catalyst 3J, series connected PVs or catalysts KAP PV materials All IIIV Partial IIIV All silicon Partial Si xides and other

13 j / (ma/cm 2 ) (1.73, 15.1) KAP DSS 12 STH = 18.6 % J sc = 15.1 ma/cm 2 V oc = 2.64 V ff = 0.82 = 32.8 % onventional plain V / volts 13

14 Grätzel et al. Science

15 cathode cathode Barrier 2 attracting Porous layer 2 Electrolyte Solution Electrolyte Solution Requires a hydrophobic porous layer which attracts 2. 15

16 SGU29 the 2 sorbent from humid flue gas Si Si u 83.9 o 96.1 o u1 u2 u1 u3 u1 1 µm 5 µm

17 SA normalized H 2 uptake (cm 3 /m 2 ) a SIFSIX3Zn SIFSIX 3u 0.6 NaX NiDBD 0.4 MgDBD b UTSA SGU Relative pressure (p/p 0 ) 0% RH, flue gas 1.2 N 2, c N 2, 2 90% RH, flue gas A / SIFSIX3Zn NaX NiDBD SIFSIX3u MgDBD SGU29 A / MgDBD UTSA16 NaX SIFSIX3Zn NiDBD SIFSIX3u SGU UTSA Time (min cm 3 ) Time (min cm 3 ) Science

18 Science SGU29 aptures both 2 and H 2

19 Dehydration 2 capture SGU29 2 free air 2 free air Expensive Process Economical Process 19

20 cathode cathode Barrier SGU29 as 2 attracting Porous layer 2 Electrolyte Solution Electrolyte Solution Requires a hydrophobic porous layer which attracts 2. 20

21 Types of research in KAP Water splitting 2 reduction 2 capture Solar cell Electrochemical (HER, ER Electrodes) Artificial Leaf (Assembly) Molecular Enzyme (Mechanism) Electrochemical (H 2 ) Photochemical (Sacrificial Donor) Thermal (H 2 ) Microbiological (H 2 ) Artificial Leaf (H 2 ) Molecular Enzyme (SD and H 2 ) Physisorption DSS IGS

22 Longterm approaches (by 2040) Artificial Leaf A Artificial Leaf B Molecular Enzyme 22

23 Shortterm approaches (by 2025) products Solar cell / water electrolysis 1) ER (overpotential, Tafel slope, price) 2) HER (overpotential, Tafel slope, price) Solar cell / 2 reduction 1) ER (overpotential, Tafel slope, price) 2) 2 reduction catalyst (selectivity) 23

24 Thank you for your kind attention!