Microscope Tutorial. How to use a compound microscope

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1 Microscope Tutorial How to use a compound microscope

2 Read this first Microscopes are extremely delicate and extremely expensive! You MUST be extremely careful when using the microscope. Always hold the microscope with two hands one on the arm and one under the base. Be VERY careful with the adjustment knobs you can break a slide or lens if you turn it too fast! ALWAYS turn knobs slowly and carefully!

3

4 Identify microscope parts Using the microscope diagram, identify each part of your microscope: Arm Eyepiece (also called the ocular) Revolving nosepiece (spins to change magnification) Objectives (magnifiers) Stage (where the slide sits) Stage clips (holds the slide in place) Coarse adjustment knob (larger one) Fine adjustment knob (smaller one) Light source Base

5 Step 1: Setting Up Get a square of newspaper with writing on it. Place the square of newspaper on the stage. You so not have to use the stage clips yet. There are 4 objectives on this microscope. Objectives are magnifiers. We will use the low power (4X, smallest one, red); the medium power (10X, yellow); and the high power (40X, blue). WE WILL NOT EVER USE THE HIGHEST POWER, SILVER. PLEASE DO NOT USE THIS POWER YOU CAN BREAK THE MICROSCOPE.

6 Step 1: Focusing the Low Objective Start with the smallest objective 4X, red. Spin the revolving nosepiece until the smallest objective is directly over the stage. Turn on the light source. Now, use the COARSE adjustment knob (the large one) and turn it until the image gets into focus. Next, use the FINE adjustment knob (the small one, on the outside) and turn it to sharpen the image. QUESTION: What do you notice about the writing?

7 Moving the slide Move the paper away from you slowly. What happened to the image? Move the paper toward you slowly. What happened to the image? Move the paper to the right slowly. What happened to the image? Move the paper to the left slowly. What happened to the image? What can you conclude about the movement?

8 Draw what you see Move the paper back to the center. The circle on your paper represents the circle that you see under the microscope. Draw what you see under low power. Draw to scale if your image takes up most of the circle under the microscope, it should take up most of the circle when you draw.

9 Moving to Medium Magnification Now, you will use medium power. Make sure the image is still in focus and still in the center of the circle. Now, spin the revolving nosepiece until the medium power (10X, yellow) is directly above the stage. The image is probably out of focus now. Use the COARSE adjustment knob to bring the image into focus. Use the FINE adjustment knob to sharpen the image. Draw what you see now.

10 Moving to High Magnification YOU WILL NOT USE THE COARSE ADJUSTMENT KNOB IN THIS STEP!!! Make sure the image is in focus, in the center of the circle. Spin the revolving nosepiece until the high magnification objective (40X, blue) is directly above the stage. Use the FINE adjustment knob to bring the image into focus. Draw what you see.

11 Determining Magnification The compound microscope was invented in A compound microscope has TWO lenses one in the eyepiece (ocular), and one lens in the objective. Look at the side of the eyepiece. What is the magnification of the ocular? (Fill in the answer) We are using 3 objectives. The X next to the number tells you how much more powerful it is than your eyes. This is the magnification power. Record the magnification of each objective: Low: Medium: High: X (red) X (yellow) X (blue)

12 Determining Magnification Here are the total magnification powers of this microscope: Low power (red): 40X Medium power (yellow): 100X High power (blue): 400X Where did these numbers come from? Explain. (HINT: Don t forget the ocular!)

13 Practice: Color Picture Get a square of newspaper that has pictures/colors. Place it on the slide. View it under each of the 3 magnifications (low, medium, high) and explain how the picture changes each time. Under low power (40X), I saw.. Under medium power (100X), I saw Under high power (400X), I saw

14 Practice: Hair Carefully cut a piece of hair from your head. Place it on a slide. Put a cover slip on top of the slide, and place the slide under the spring clips to hold it in place. View it under each of the 3 magnifications (low, medium, high) and draw what you see. Low Power (40X) Medium Power (100X) High Power (400X)

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